WO2018105639A1 - Tactile sensation presentation device - Google Patents

Tactile sensation presentation device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018105639A1
WO2018105639A1 PCT/JP2017/043765 JP2017043765W WO2018105639A1 WO 2018105639 A1 WO2018105639 A1 WO 2018105639A1 JP 2017043765 W JP2017043765 W JP 2017043765W WO 2018105639 A1 WO2018105639 A1 WO 2018105639A1
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Prior art keywords
film
diaphragm
presentation device
detection unit
piezoelectric film
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PCT/JP2017/043765
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
橋本　順一
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株式会社村田製作所
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Priority to JP2018555031A priority Critical patent/JPWO2018105639A1/en
Publication of WO2018105639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018105639A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/02—Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a haptic presentation device that provides haptic feedback by transmitting vibration to a user.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a structure in which an end portion of a thin plate-like diaphragm is connected to a piezoelectric film and stress is applied to the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm vibrates in a direction (normal direction) perpendicular to the main surface due to expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric film. Since stress is applied to the diaphragm, it can be vibrated efficiently with respect to expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric film.
  • a touch sensor for detecting a user's touch operation is provided on the touch surface of the diaphragm.
  • the touch sensor include a membrane switch, a capacitive switch, a piezoelectric film type, and the like.
  • a film containing the membrane switch is attached to the touch surface of the diaphragm. Since the film including the switch needs to have a certain thickness, the vibration of the diaphragm is restrained to reduce the amplitude.
  • the heat of the user's finger may be transmitted to the piezoelectric film, and the touch operation may not be detected correctly.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a tactile sense presentation device that appropriately detects a pressing operation of a user and appropriately vibrates a diaphragm.
  • the tactile sense presentation device of the present invention includes a film, a diaphragm, a touch detection unit, a push-in operation detection unit, and a drive unit.
  • the film is deformed in the surface direction by applying a voltage.
  • the diaphragm is connected to a film and is bent in the normal direction when the film is deformed in the surface direction.
  • the touch detection unit detects a touch operation on the diaphragm.
  • the push-in operation detection unit detects a touch operation on the diaphragm based on a voltage change of the film.
  • the drive unit applies a drive signal to the film when the touch detection unit detects the touch operation and the push operation detection unit detects the push operation.
  • the tactile presentation device When the user performs a touch operation, the tactile presentation device first detects the touch operation in the touch detection unit.
  • the user presses the diaphragm.
  • the film When the user pushes in the diaphragm, the film is deformed in the surface direction. Conversely, a film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied generates a voltage when the film is deformed in the plane direction. Therefore, the tactile sense presentation device detects a push-in operation by detecting a change in voltage.
  • the tactile sense presentation device applies drive vibration to the film to vibrate the diaphragm. In this structure, since there is a gap between the diaphragm and the piezoelectric film, the heat of the finger is not easily transmitted to the piezoelectric film, and the influence of pyroelectricity can be greatly reduced.
  • the tactile sense presentation device of the present invention presents the tactile sense only when the user deliberately presses the diaphragm, even when a switch that reacts by touching, such as a capacitive switch, is used. Can be performed. Also, when the tactile sense presentation device is a keyboard, it is possible to speed up character output when pressing is detected by waiting for input of a nearby key when the capacitive switch reacts. .
  • this electrostatic capacitance type switch can be incorporated in a diaphragm.
  • the tactile sensation presentation device does not need to attach a thick film to the diaphragm like a membrane switch, so that the vibration of the diaphragm is not constrained and the amplitude is not reduced.
  • examples of the film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied include a piezoelectric film, an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a composite film, and an electroactive polymer film. Moreover, it is good also as an aspect which affixes the material (for example, piezoelectric film) which has piezoelectricity on the main surface of the resin film which does not have piezoelectricity, and connects the said resin film to a diaphragm.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a tactile presentation device 10.
  • FIG. FIG. 2A is a side view of the haptic presentation device 10
  • FIG. 2B is a front view of the haptic presentation device 10.
  • FIGS. 3A, 3 ⁇ / b> B, and 3 ⁇ / b> C are operation explanatory views of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
  • 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a tactile sense presentation device 10.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B are block diagrams illustrating the configuration of the tactile sense presentation device 10 according to the first modification. It is a figure which shows the state of signal ON / OFF of each structure. It is a perspective view of 10 A of tactile sense presentation apparatuses. 8A and 8B are side views of the tactile presentation device 10A.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a tactile sense presentation device 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2A is a side view of the tactile sense presentation device 10
  • FIG. 2B is a front view.
  • the tactile sense presentation device 10 includes a piezoelectric film 20 and a diaphragm 40.
  • the tactile sense presentation device 10 is a so-called keyboard.
  • a plurality of key images 80 are displayed on the surface of the diaphragm 40 at positions corresponding to the key arrangement.
  • the key image 80 is printed on the first main surface of the diaphragm 40.
  • the key image 80 may be printed on a film and the film may be attached to the first main surface of the diaphragm 40.
  • the diaphragm 40 is made of a material such as acrylic resin, PET, polycarbonate, glass epoxy, FRP (GFRP, CFRP, AFRP, DFRP, or XFRP), glass or metal.
  • a touch sensor 50 may be built in the diaphragm 40.
  • the touch sensor 50 is an example of a touch detection unit, and includes, for example, a capacitance sensor.
  • the diaphragm 40 has a rectangular shape in plan view. The diaphragm 40 has both ends in the length direction fixed to the piezoelectric film 20 on the second main surface.
  • the piezoelectric film 20 has a rectangular shape in plan view like the diaphragm 40.
  • the piezoelectric film 20 is made of, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the piezoelectric film 20 may be formed of a chiral polymer.
  • L-type polylactic acid (PLLA) is used as the chiral polymer.
  • PVDF is used for the piezoelectric film 20
  • PLLA is a highly permeable material. Therefore, if the electrode and diaphragm added to PLLA are transparent materials, when manufacturing functional parts that vibrate, etc. Since the internal state of the functional component can be visually confirmed, it is easy to manufacture. Moreover, the position of the key can be visually recognized even in a dark place by disposing a light source such as a light inside the functional component.
  • the piezoelectric film 20 is composed of PLLA, as shown in FIG. 2B, the piezoelectric film 20 is cut so that each outer periphery is approximately 45 ° with respect to the stretching direction, thereby forming a rectangular shape. Give piezoelectricity.
  • the diaphragm 40 is connected to the piezoelectric film 20 at the end in the length direction.
  • the piezoelectric film 20 is an example of a film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied. As shown in FIG. 2A, the diaphragm 40 is curved and protrudes on the opposite side (first main surface side) with respect to the second main surface on the side where the piezoelectric film 20 exists. The piezoelectric film 20 is fixed.
  • a hollow region 100 is formed between the diaphragm 40 and the piezoelectric film 20.
  • the side on which the diaphragm 40 is located is the front side (touch surface side) of the tactile presentation device 10, and the side on which the piezoelectric film 20 is disposed is the back side of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
  • the curved state of the vibration plate 40 is exaggerated for the sake of explanation, and actually, the main surface of the vibration plate 40 and the main surface of the piezoelectric film 20 are substantially parallel in appearance. It is.
  • the diaphragm 40 is fixed to the piezoelectric film 20 with the flat plate surface being curved. Therefore, it is fixed to the piezoelectric film 20 with bending stress applied as indicated by the white arrow F901 in FIG. Further, the piezoelectric film 20 is in a state in which a tensile force is applied in the length direction of the main surface of the piezoelectric film 20 as indicated by an outline arrow S901 in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 (A), 3 (B), and 3 (C) are operation explanatory views of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
  • FIG. 3A shows a state at the timing when the piezoelectric film 20 is contracted by the drive signal.
  • FIG. 3B shows a state where no drive signal is applied or the amplitude of the drive signal is zero.
  • FIG. 3C shows a state at the timing when the piezoelectric film 20 is extended by the drive signal.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
  • the tactile sense presentation device 10 includes a touch sensor 50, a voltage detection circuit 81, a signal processing circuit 82, and a drive unit 83.
  • the touch sensor 50 is built in the diaphragm 40 and detects a user's touch operation.
  • the touch sensor 50 is arranged corresponding to the position of each key in the key image 80.
  • the touch sensor 50 first detects a touch operation.
  • the user intends to press the key, the user presses the diaphragm 40.
  • the piezoelectric film 20 extends in the length direction.
  • electric charges are generated.
  • the voltage detection circuit 81 detects electric charges (voltage) generated in the piezoelectric film 20.
  • the signal processing circuit 82 determines that the user's push-in operation has been performed when the voltage changes to a predetermined threshold value or more.
  • the signal processing circuit 82 applies a driving vibration to the piezoelectric film 20 to the driving unit 83, and thereby the diaphragm 40 is vibrated.
  • a threshold value it is good also as the same value with all the keys, and you may assign a different threshold value with a key.
  • the operability of the user can be improved by lowering the threshold for a key that is difficult to detect a press and increasing the threshold for a key that is easy to detect a press. Further, the user can obtain a tactile sensation similar to a mechanical switch by an operation of pushing.
  • the drive unit 83 applies a drive signal to the piezoelectric film 20 and applies an electric field in the first direction of the piezoelectric film 20
  • the piezoelectric film 20 moves to the diaphragm 40 as indicated by an arrow S 911 in FIG. Shrink along the direction perpendicular to the fixed end.
  • the diaphragm 40 is pulled in the central direction from a portion (end portion in the length direction) fixed to the piezoelectric film 20. Thereby, the diaphragm 40 is curved so as to protrude further forward as indicated by an arrow F911 in FIG.
  • the drive unit 83 applies a drive signal to the piezoelectric film 20 and applies an electric field in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the piezoelectric film 20 as shown by an arrow S912 in FIG. Extends along a direction orthogonal to the fixed end of the diaphragm 40.
  • the diaphragm 40 is pulled from the center to a place (end in the length direction) fixed to the piezoelectric film 20. Thereby, the diaphragm 40 is in a curved state in which the forward protrusion amount is reduced as indicated by an arrow F912 in FIG.
  • the vibration plate 40 changes to the state shown in FIG. 3A or the state shown in FIG. 3C based on the state shown in FIG. It vibrates along the direction (normal direction perpendicular to the main surface of the diaphragm 40). Thereby, the vibration according to the drive signal is transmitted to the user via the diaphragm 40.
  • the tactile sense presentation device 10 can vibrate the diaphragm 40 efficiently and can transmit a strong vibration to some extent even when a piezoelectric film is used.
  • the tactile sense presentation device 10 can be made thinner than vibration caused by a motor or the like.
  • the hollow region 100 may be filled with a soft resin such as a silicone gel having heat insulation properties to suppress the sound generated when the piezoelectric film 20 and the diaphragm 40 vibrate.
  • a soft resin such as a silicone gel having heat insulation properties to suppress the sound generated when the piezoelectric film 20 and the diaphragm 40 vibrate.
  • the tactile sense presentation device 10 of the present embodiment provides tactile feedback when the user pushes the diaphragm 40.
  • the tactile sense presentation device 10 deliberately pushes the diaphragm even when the touch sensor 50 uses a switch such as a capacitance-type switch that may react when touched. Only in this case, tactile sensation can be presented.
  • the touch-sensitive presentation device 10 since the touch-sensitive presentation device 10 has a gap between the diaphragm and the piezoelectric film with which the finger contacts, the influence of pyroelectricity due to the heat of the finger can be greatly reduced.
  • the capacitive switch can be built in the diaphragm 40.
  • the tactile sense presentation device 10 does not need to attach a thick film to the diaphragm like a membrane switch, so that the vibration of the diaphragm is not constrained and the amplitude is not reduced.
  • the film on which the key image 80 is printed is much thinner than the film with the built-in membrane switch, so that the vibration of the diaphragm 40 is not hindered.
  • the capacitive switch has no pyroelectricity, even if it is provided on the touch surface of the diaphragm 40 that the user touches (or the position close to the first main surface in the interior), the user's touch operation Can be detected appropriately.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B are block diagrams showing the configuration of the tactile sense presentation device 10 according to the first modification.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a signal on / off state of each configuration.
  • the tactile sense presentation device 10 includes a switch 85 in addition to the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the switch 85 is connected to the piezoelectric film 20, the voltage detection circuit 81, and the drive unit 83.
  • the switch 85 selectively connects the electrode provided on the piezoelectric film 20 to the voltage detection circuit 81 or the drive unit 83.
  • the signal processing circuit 82 turns off the switch 85, the piezoelectric element 83, and the piezoelectric element 82 when the voltage detection circuit 81 detects the pushing operation of the user.
  • the film 20 and the voltage detection circuit 81 are electrically disconnected.
  • the signal processing circuit 82 detects the user's touch operation in the touch sensor 50 and the voltage detection circuit 81 detects the user's push-in operation.
  • the switch 85 is turned on to electrically connect the drive unit 83 and the piezoelectric film 20. Immediately after a signal is output from the drive unit 83 to the piezoelectric film 20, the switch 85 is switched from the state shown in FIG. 5B to the state shown in FIG.
  • the switch may be connected between the driving unit and the piezoelectric film, or between the piezoelectric film and the voltage detection circuit, and the on / off thereof may be controlled by the CPU.
  • FIG. 5B it is desirable to have one of these switches (3-terminal type).
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a tactile sense presentation device 10A according to a modification.
  • 8A and 8B are side views of the tactile presentation device 10A.
  • the spacer 70 has a prismatic shape that is long in the width direction of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
  • the spacer 70 is made of, for example, metal, PET, polycarbonate (PC), or ABS resin.
  • the spacer 70 is sandwiched between the lower surface of the diaphragm 40 and the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 20.
  • the spacer 70 pushes the piezoelectric film 20 downward to apply tension.
  • the diaphragm 40 may project in the normal direction as shown in FIG. 8A without applying a drive signal to the piezoelectric film 20 (steady state), or as shown in FIG. 8B. , It may be in a flat state. The diaphragm 40 may protrude downward without applying a drive signal to the piezoelectric film 20 (steady state).
  • tactile feedback is performed when the user pushes the diaphragm 40.
  • a touch detection unit such as a capacitive switch
  • the user intentionally moves the diaphragm.
  • the tactile sensation can be presented only when pushed.
  • the capacitive switch can be incorporated in the diaphragm.
  • a piezoelectric film is shown as an example of a “film that deforms in a plane direction when a voltage is applied”, but a “film that deforms in a plane direction when a voltage is applied” is limited to a piezoelectric film. is not.
  • Other examples of the “film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied” include an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a composite film, and an electroactive polymer film.
  • the electroactive film is a film that generates stress by electrical driving or a film that generates displacement by deformation.
  • the piezoelectric film 20 is directly connected to the vibration plate 40 .
  • the piezoelectric film 20 is indirectly connected to the vibration plate 40 via another resin film that does not have piezoelectricity. It is good also as an aspect made.
  • the piezoelectric film 20 may be attached to the main surface of the resin film, and the end of the resin film may be connected to the vibration plate 40.
  • a film such as an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a composite film, or an electroactive polymer film is attached to the main surface of the resin film, and the end of the resin film is connected to the diaphragm 40. It is also possible to adopt an aspect.
  • the present invention can be applied even to a unimorph type vibration structure in which a piezoelectric film and a diaphragm are bonded.
  • the present invention is also applicable to a horizontally driven structure as disclosed in WO2016 / 067832. Since the piezoelectric film is arranged on the non-operation surface side of the diaphragm, the heat of the finger is hardly transmitted to the piezoelectric film.
  • the “film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied” can be realized by using, for example, piezoelectric ceramics and a resin film.
  • it can be realized by connecting a plurality of resin films via piezoelectric ceramics and connecting each of the plurality of resin films to the diaphragm 40.
  • the “film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied” may be a single layer or may be laminated. In particular, stronger vibration can be obtained by increasing the number of stacked layers.
  • the vibration structure shown in the present embodiment can be applied to a speaker.
  • the diaphragm when the user applies pressure, the diaphragm emits a sound by vibrating in the normal direction for a certain time at an audible frequency.
  • the signal processing circuit 82 may output a signal for haptic presentation and then output a signal having an audible frequency to sound a security buzzer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)
  • Input From Keyboards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a tactile sensation presentation device that appropriately detects a pressing operation performed by a user and appropriately causes a vibration plate to vibrate. This tactile sensation presentation device is equipped with a film, a vibration plate, a touch detection unit, a pressing operation detection unit, and a drive unit. The film deforms in the surface direction when voltage is applied. The vibration plate is connected to the film, and bends in the normal direction when the film deforms in the surface direction. The touch detection unit detects touch operations with respect to the vibration plate. The pressing operation detection unit detects a pressing operation with respect to the vibration plate on the basis of a voltage change in the film. When a touch operation is detected by the touch detection unit and a pressing operation is detected by the pressing operation detection unit, the drive unit applies a drive signal to the film.

Description

触覚提示装置Tactile presentation device
　本発明は、利用者に振動を伝えることで触覚フィードバックを与える触覚提示装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a haptic presentation device that provides haptic feedback by transmitting vibration to a user.
　近年、タッチパネル式のキーボード等において、利用者がキーをタッチした時に振動を伝えることで触覚フィードバックを与え、キーを「押した」と感じさせる触覚提示装置が提案されている。 In recent years, there has been proposed a tactile presentation device that gives a tactile feedback by transmitting vibrations when a user touches a key on a touch panel type keyboard or the like, and feels the key “pressed”.
　例えば、特許文献１には、薄い板状の振動板の端部を圧電フィルムに接続し、当該振動板に応力をかけた状態とする構造が開示されている。この場合、振動板は、圧電フィルムの伸縮により、主面に直交する方向（法線方向）に振動する。振動板には、応力がかかっているため、圧電フィルムの伸縮に対して効率的に振動させることができる。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a structure in which an end portion of a thin plate-like diaphragm is connected to a piezoelectric film and stress is applied to the diaphragm. In this case, the diaphragm vibrates in a direction (normal direction) perpendicular to the main surface due to expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric film. Since stress is applied to the diaphragm, it can be vibrated efficiently with respect to expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric film.
国際公開第２０１５／５３２４７号International Publication No. 2015/53247
　特許文献１の例に示されているように、振動板のタッチ面には、利用者のタッチ操作を検出するためのタッチセンサが設けられている。タッチセンサの態様としては、メンブレンスイッチ、静電容量型スイッチ、または圧電フィルム式、等が挙げられている。 As shown in the example of Patent Document 1, a touch sensor for detecting a user's touch operation is provided on the touch surface of the diaphragm. Examples of the touch sensor include a membrane switch, a capacitive switch, a piezoelectric film type, and the like.
　ここで、メンブレンスイッチを用いた場合には、振動板のタッチ面にメンブレンスイッチを内包したフィルムを貼り付けることになる。スイッチを内包したフィルムは、ある程度の厚みが必要であるため、振動板の振動を拘束して、振幅を低下させることになる。 Here, when a membrane switch is used, a film containing the membrane switch is attached to the touch surface of the diaphragm. Since the film including the switch needs to have a certain thickness, the vibration of the diaphragm is restrained to reduce the amplitude.
　静電容量型スイッチを用いた場合には、利用者が振動板に触れただけでタッチ操作があったものとして検出する場合がある。そのため、利用者にキーを押す意図がなかった場合であっても、振動板が振動し、触覚提示がなされてしまう。 When a capacitive switch is used, it may be detected that the user has touched the device just by touching the diaphragm. Therefore, even if the user does not intend to press the key, the diaphragm vibrates and a tactile sensation is presented.
　また、焦電性を有する圧電フィルムを用いた場合、利用者の指の熱が圧電フィルムに伝わり、タッチ操作を正しく検出できない可能性がある。 Also, when a piezoelectric film having pyroelectricity is used, the heat of the user's finger may be transmitted to the piezoelectric film, and the touch operation may not be detected correctly.
　そこで、本発明の目的は、利用者の押圧操作を適切に検出し、振動板を適切に振動させる触覚提示装置を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a tactile sense presentation device that appropriately detects a pressing operation of a user and appropriately vibrates a diaphragm.
　本発明の触覚提示装置は、フィルムと、振動板と、タッチ検出部と、押し込み操作検出部と、駆動部と、を備えている。フィルムは、電圧を加えることで面方向に変形する。振動板は、フィルムに接続され、前記フィルムが前記面方向に変形することにより、法線方向に撓む。タッチ検出部は、振動板に対するタッチ操作を検出する。押し込み操作検出部は、前記フィルムの電圧変化に基づいて、前記振動板に対するタッチ操作を検出する。駆動部は、前記タッチ検出部で前記タッチ操作を検出し、かつ前記押し込み操作検出部で前記押し込み操作を検出した場合に、前記フィルムに駆動信号を印加する。 The tactile sense presentation device of the present invention includes a film, a diaphragm, a touch detection unit, a push-in operation detection unit, and a drive unit. The film is deformed in the surface direction by applying a voltage. The diaphragm is connected to a film and is bent in the normal direction when the film is deformed in the surface direction. The touch detection unit detects a touch operation on the diaphragm. The push-in operation detection unit detects a touch operation on the diaphragm based on a voltage change of the film. The drive unit applies a drive signal to the film when the touch detection unit detects the touch operation and the push operation detection unit detects the push operation.
　触覚提示装置は、利用者がタッチ操作を行なった場合、まずタッチ検出部においてタッチ操作を検出する。利用者は、キーを押す意図がある場合、振動板を押し込むことになる。利用者が振動板を押し込むと、フィルムが面方向に変形する。電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルムは、逆に、フィルムが面方向に変形させられると、電圧を生じる。そこで、触覚提示装置は、電圧の変化を検出することにより、押し込み操作を検出する。触覚提示装置は、タッチ検出部でタッチ操作を検出し、かつ押し込み操作検出部で押し込み操作を検出した場合に、フィルムに駆動振動を印加して、振動板を振動させる。本構造では、振動板と圧電フィルム間に隙間があるため、指の熱が圧電フィルムに伝わりにくく、焦電性の影響を大幅に低減できる。 When the user performs a touch operation, the tactile presentation device first detects the touch operation in the touch detection unit. When the user intends to press the key, the user presses the diaphragm. When the user pushes in the diaphragm, the film is deformed in the surface direction. Conversely, a film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied generates a voltage when the film is deformed in the plane direction. Therefore, the tactile sense presentation device detects a push-in operation by detecting a change in voltage. When the touch detection unit detects a touch operation and the push operation detection unit detects a push operation, the tactile sense presentation device applies drive vibration to the film to vibrate the diaphragm. In this structure, since there is a gap between the diaphragm and the piezoelectric film, the heat of the finger is not easily transmitted to the piezoelectric film, and the influence of pyroelectricity can be greatly reduced.
　これにより、本発明の触覚提示装置は、静電容量型スイッチ等の触れるだけで反応するスイッチを用いた場合であっても、利用者が意図的に振動板を押し込んだ場合にのみ、触覚提示を行なうことができる。また、触覚提示装置がキーボードである場合、静電容量型スイッチが反応した時点で近接するキーの入力待ちの状態にしておくことで、押し込みを検知したときに文字の出力を早くすることができる。 As a result, the tactile sense presentation device of the present invention presents the tactile sense only when the user deliberately presses the diaphragm, even when a switch that reacts by touching, such as a capacitive switch, is used. Can be performed. Also, when the tactile sense presentation device is a keyboard, it is possible to speed up character output when pressing is detected by waiting for input of a nearby key when the capacitive switch reacts. .
　なお、静電容量型スイッチを用いる場合には、該静電容量型スイッチを振動板に内蔵させることができる。この場合、触覚提示装置は、メンブレンスイッチのように厚みのあるフィルムを振動板に貼り付ける必要がないため、振動板の振動を拘束することがなく、振幅を低下させることもない。 In addition, when using an electrostatic capacitance type switch, this electrostatic capacitance type switch can be incorporated in a diaphragm. In this case, the tactile sensation presentation device does not need to attach a thick film to the diaphragm like a membrane switch, so that the vibration of the diaphragm is not constrained and the amplitude is not reduced.
　なお、電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルムは、例えば圧電フィルム、電歪フィルム、エレクトレットフィルム、コンポジットフィルム、または電気活性高分子フィルム等がある。また、圧電性を有しない樹脂フィルムの主面に圧電性を有する材料（例えば圧電フィルム）を貼り付けて、当該樹脂フィルムを振動板に接続する態様としてもよい。 Note that examples of the film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied include a piezoelectric film, an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a composite film, and an electroactive polymer film. Moreover, it is good also as an aspect which affixes the material (for example, piezoelectric film) which has piezoelectricity on the main surface of the resin film which does not have piezoelectricity, and connects the said resin film to a diaphragm.
　この発明によれば、利用者の押圧操作を適切に検出し、振動板を適切に振動させることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately detect the user's pressing operation and to vibrate the diaphragm appropriately.
触覚提示装置１０の外観斜視図である。1 is an external perspective view of a tactile presentation device 10. FIG. 図２（Ａ）は、触覚提示装置１０の側面図であり、図２（Ｂ）は、触覚提示装置１０の正面図である。FIG. 2A is a side view of the haptic presentation device 10, and FIG. 2B is a front view of the haptic presentation device 10. 図３（Ａ）、図３（Ｂ）および図３（Ｃ）は、触覚提示装置１０の動作説明図である。FIGS. 3A, 3 </ b> B, and 3 </ b> C are operation explanatory views of the tactile sense presentation device 10. 触覚提示装置１０の構成を示すブロック図である。1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a tactile sense presentation device 10. 図５（Ａ）および図５（Ｂ）は、変形例１に係る触覚提示装置１０の構成を示すブロック図である。FIGS. 5A and 5B are block diagrams illustrating the configuration of the tactile sense presentation device 10 according to the first modification. 各構成の信号オン／オフの状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of signal ON / OFF of each structure. 触覚提示装置１０Ａの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of 10 A of tactile sense presentation apparatuses. 図８（Ａ）および図８（Ｂ）は、触覚提示装置１０Ａの側面図である。8A and 8B are side views of the tactile presentation device 10A.
　図１は、第１の実施形態に係る触覚提示装置１０の外観斜視図である。図２（Ａ）は、触覚提示装置１０の側面図であり、図２（Ｂ）は、正面図である。 FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a tactile sense presentation device 10 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2A is a side view of the tactile sense presentation device 10, and FIG. 2B is a front view.
　触覚提示装置１０は、圧電フィルム２０および振動板４０を備えている。触覚提示装置１０は、いわゆるキーボードである。振動板４０の表面には、キー配列に対応した位置に複数のキー画像８０が表示されている。キー画像８０は、振動板４０の第１主面に印刷されている。または、キー画像８０は、フィルムに印刷され、該フィルムが振動板４０の第１主面に貼り付けられる態様であってもよい。 The tactile sense presentation device 10 includes a piezoelectric film 20 and a diaphragm 40. The tactile sense presentation device 10 is a so-called keyboard. A plurality of key images 80 are displayed on the surface of the diaphragm 40 at positions corresponding to the key arrangement. The key image 80 is printed on the first main surface of the diaphragm 40. Alternatively, the key image 80 may be printed on a film and the film may be attached to the first main surface of the diaphragm 40.
　振動板４０は、アクリル樹脂、ＰＥＴ、ポリカーボネイト、ガラスエポキシ、ＦＲＰ（ＧＦＲＰ、ＣＦＲＰ、ＡＦＲＰ、ＤＦＲＰ、またはＸＦＲＰ等）、またはガラスまたは金属等の材料からなる。振動板４０には、タッチセンサ５０が内蔵されていてもよい。タッチセンサ５０は、タッチ検出部の一例であり、例えば静電容量センサからなる。振動板４０は、平面視して矩形状である。振動板４０は、第２主面において長さ方向の両端が圧電フィルム２０に固定されている。 The diaphragm 40 is made of a material such as acrylic resin, PET, polycarbonate, glass epoxy, FRP (GFRP, CFRP, AFRP, DFRP, or XFRP), glass or metal. A touch sensor 50 may be built in the diaphragm 40. The touch sensor 50 is an example of a touch detection unit, and includes, for example, a capacitance sensor. The diaphragm 40 has a rectangular shape in plan view. The diaphragm 40 has both ends in the length direction fixed to the piezoelectric film 20 on the second main surface.
　圧電フィルム２０は、振動板４０と同様に平面視して矩形状である。圧電フィルム２０は、例えば、ポリフッ化ビニリデン（ＰＶＤＦ）からなる。他にも、圧電フィルム２０は、キラル高分子からなる態様であってもよい。キラル高分子は、例えば、Ｌ型ポリ乳酸（ＰＬＬＡ）等を用いる。 The piezoelectric film 20 has a rectangular shape in plan view like the diaphragm 40. The piezoelectric film 20 is made of, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). In addition, the piezoelectric film 20 may be formed of a chiral polymer. For example, L-type polylactic acid (PLLA) is used as the chiral polymer.
　圧電フィルム２０にＰＶＤＦを用いた場合、ＰＶＤＦは耐水性があるため、例えば触覚提示装置を含む電子機器を湿度環境の影響によるクリック感のばらつきは小さい。 When PVDF is used for the piezoelectric film 20, since PVDF is water resistant, for example, electronic devices including a tactile sensation display device have little variation in click feeling due to the influence of the humidity environment.
　また、圧電フィルム２０にＰＬＬＡを用いた場合、ＰＬＬＡは透過性の高い材料であるため、ＰＬＬＡに付加する電極および振動板が透明な材料であれば、振動する機能部品等を製造する際に、当該機能部品の内部状況を視認出来るため、製造し易くなる。また、機能部品の内部にライト等の発光源を配置することによって暗いところでもキーの位置を視認することができる。 In addition, when PLLA is used for the piezoelectric film 20, PLLA is a highly permeable material. Therefore, if the electrode and diaphragm added to PLLA are transparent materials, when manufacturing functional parts that vibrate, etc. Since the internal state of the functional component can be visually confirmed, it is easy to manufacture. Moreover, the position of the key can be visually recognized even in a dark place by disposing a light source such as a light inside the functional component.
　圧電フィルム２０は、仮にＰＬＬＡで構成される場合、図２（Ｂ）に示すように、延伸方向に対して各外周辺が略４５°となるように裁断することで、矩形状を形成して、圧電性を持たせる。 If the piezoelectric film 20 is composed of PLLA, as shown in FIG. 2B, the piezoelectric film 20 is cut so that each outer periphery is approximately 45 ° with respect to the stretching direction, thereby forming a rectangular shape. Give piezoelectricity.
　振動板４０は、長さ方向の端部において、圧電フィルム２０に接続される。圧電フィルム２０は、電圧を加えると面方向に変形するフィルムの一例である。図２（Ａ）に示すように、振動板４０は、圧電フィルム２０の存在する側の第２主面に対して反対側（第１主面側）に湾曲して突出する形状となるように、圧電フィルム２０へ固定されている。 The diaphragm 40 is connected to the piezoelectric film 20 at the end in the length direction. The piezoelectric film 20 is an example of a film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied. As shown in FIG. 2A, the diaphragm 40 is curved and protrudes on the opposite side (first main surface side) with respect to the second main surface on the side where the piezoelectric film 20 exists. The piezoelectric film 20 is fixed.
　この構成により、振動板４０と圧電フィルム２０との間には、中空領域１００が形成される。そして、この振動板４０のある側が触覚提示装置１０の正面側（タッチ面側）となり、圧電フィルム２０が配置されている側が触覚提示装置１０の背面側となる。 With this configuration, a hollow region 100 is formed between the diaphragm 40 and the piezoelectric film 20. The side on which the diaphragm 40 is located is the front side (touch surface side) of the tactile presentation device 10, and the side on which the piezoelectric film 20 is disposed is the back side of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
　ただし、本実施形態において、振動板４０の湾曲状態は、説明のために誇張して記載しており、実際には、振動板４０の主面と圧電フィルム２０の主面は、外観上ほぼ平行である。 However, in the present embodiment, the curved state of the vibration plate 40 is exaggerated for the sake of explanation, and actually, the main surface of the vibration plate 40 and the main surface of the piezoelectric film 20 are substantially parallel in appearance. It is.
　振動板４０は、平板面が湾曲した状態で圧電フィルム２０に固定される。したがって、図２（Ａ）の白抜き矢印Ｆ９０１のように、曲げ応力が加わった状態で圧電フィルム２０に固定される。また、圧電フィルム２０には、図２（Ａ）の白抜き矢印Ｓ９０１に示すように、圧電フィルム２０の主面における長さ方向に引張力が係った状態となる。 The diaphragm 40 is fixed to the piezoelectric film 20 with the flat plate surface being curved. Therefore, it is fixed to the piezoelectric film 20 with bending stress applied as indicated by the white arrow F901 in FIG. Further, the piezoelectric film 20 is in a state in which a tensile force is applied in the length direction of the main surface of the piezoelectric film 20 as indicated by an outline arrow S901 in FIG.
　図３（Ａ）、図３（Ｂ）および図３（Ｃ）は、触覚提示装置１０の動作説明図である。図３（Ａ）は、駆動信号により圧電フィルム２０が縮んだタイミングでの状態を示す。図３（Ｂ）は、駆動信号が印加されていない、または駆動信号の振幅が０の状態を示す。図３（Ｃ）は、駆動信号により圧電フィルム２０が伸びたタイミングでの状態を示す。図４は、触覚提示装置１０の構成を示すブロック図である。 3 (A), 3 (B), and 3 (C) are operation explanatory views of the tactile sense presentation device 10. FIG. FIG. 3A shows a state at the timing when the piezoelectric film 20 is contracted by the drive signal. FIG. 3B shows a state where no drive signal is applied or the amplitude of the drive signal is zero. FIG. 3C shows a state at the timing when the piezoelectric film 20 is extended by the drive signal. FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the tactile sense presentation device 10.
　触覚提示装置１０は、タッチセンサ５０、電圧検出回路８１、信号処理回路８２、および駆動部８３を備えている。タッチセンサ５０は、振動板４０に内蔵されていて、利用者のタッチ操作を検出する。タッチセンサ５０は、キー画像８０の各キーの位置に対応して配置されている。利用者が振動板４０の各キーの位置に触れると、まずタッチセンサ５０がタッチ操作を検出する。そして、利用者は、キーを押す意図がある場合、振動板４０を押し込むことになる。利用者が振動板４０を押し込むと、圧電フィルム２０が長さ方向に伸張する。圧電フィルム２０が長さ方向に伸張すると、電荷が発生する。電圧検出回路８１は、圧電フィルム２０で生じた電荷（電圧）を検出する。信号処理回路８２では、この電圧が所定の閾値以上に変化した場合に、利用者の押し込み操作がなされたものと判断する。信号処理回路８２は、タッチセンサ５０でタッチ操作を検出し、かつ電圧検出回路８１で押し込み操作を検出した場合に、駆動部８３に対して、圧電フィルム２０に駆動振動を印加して、振動板４０を振動させる。なお、閾値については、全てのキーで同じ値としてもよいし、キーによって異なる閾値を割り当ててもよい。例えば、押圧を検知しにくいキーについては閾値を低くして、押圧を検知しやすいキーについては閾値を高くすることで、利用者の操作性を向上することができる。また、利用者は、押し込むという操作によって、メカニカルスイッチに似た触感を得ることができる。 The tactile sense presentation device 10 includes a touch sensor 50, a voltage detection circuit 81, a signal processing circuit 82, and a drive unit 83. The touch sensor 50 is built in the diaphragm 40 and detects a user's touch operation. The touch sensor 50 is arranged corresponding to the position of each key in the key image 80. When the user touches the position of each key on the diaphragm 40, the touch sensor 50 first detects a touch operation. When the user intends to press the key, the user presses the diaphragm 40. When the user pushes the diaphragm 40, the piezoelectric film 20 extends in the length direction. When the piezoelectric film 20 extends in the length direction, electric charges are generated. The voltage detection circuit 81 detects electric charges (voltage) generated in the piezoelectric film 20. The signal processing circuit 82 determines that the user's push-in operation has been performed when the voltage changes to a predetermined threshold value or more. When the touch operation is detected by the touch sensor 50 and the push operation is detected by the voltage detection circuit 81, the signal processing circuit 82 applies a driving vibration to the piezoelectric film 20 to the driving unit 83, and thereby the diaphragm 40 is vibrated. In addition, about a threshold value, it is good also as the same value with all the keys, and you may assign a different threshold value with a key. For example, the operability of the user can be improved by lowering the threshold for a key that is difficult to detect a press and increasing the threshold for a key that is easy to detect a press. Further, the user can obtain a tactile sensation similar to a mechanical switch by an operation of pushing.
　駆動部８３が、圧電フィルム２０に駆動信号を印加し、圧電フィルム２０の第一方向の電界を印加すると、図３（Ａ）の矢印Ｓ９１１に示すように、圧電フィルム２０は、振動板４０の固定端に直交する方向に沿って収縮する。そして、振動板４０は、圧電フィルム２０に固定されている箇所（長さ方向の端部）から中央方向に引っ張られる。これにより、振動板４０は、図３（Ａ）の矢印Ｆ９１１に示すように、前方へより突出するように湾曲する。 When the drive unit 83 applies a drive signal to the piezoelectric film 20 and applies an electric field in the first direction of the piezoelectric film 20, the piezoelectric film 20 moves to the diaphragm 40 as indicated by an arrow S 911 in FIG. Shrink along the direction perpendicular to the fixed end. The diaphragm 40 is pulled in the central direction from a portion (end portion in the length direction) fixed to the piezoelectric film 20. Thereby, the diaphragm 40 is curved so as to protrude further forward as indicated by an arrow F911 in FIG.
　一方、駆動部８３が、圧電フィルム２０に駆動信号を印加し、上記第一方向とは逆の第二方向の電界を印加すると、図３（Ｃ）の矢印Ｓ９１２に示すように、圧電フィルム２０は、振動板４０の固定端に直交する方向に沿って伸張する。そして、振動板４０は、中央から圧電フィルム２０に固定されている箇所（長さ方向の端部）に引っ張られる。これにより、振動板４０は、図３（Ｃ）の矢印Ｆ９１２に示すように、前方への突出量が低下した湾曲状態となる。 On the other hand, when the drive unit 83 applies a drive signal to the piezoelectric film 20 and applies an electric field in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the piezoelectric film 20 as shown by an arrow S912 in FIG. Extends along a direction orthogonal to the fixed end of the diaphragm 40. The diaphragm 40 is pulled from the center to a place (end in the length direction) fixed to the piezoelectric film 20. Thereby, the diaphragm 40 is in a curved state in which the forward protrusion amount is reduced as indicated by an arrow F912 in FIG.
　したがって、振動板４０は、駆動信号の振幅に応じて、図３（Ｂ）の状態を基準に、図３（Ａ）の状態や図３（Ｃ）の状態に遷移して、正面方向および背面方向（振動板４０主面に直交する法線方向）に沿って振動する。これにより、駆動信号に応じた振動が振動板４０を介してユーザに伝達される。 Therefore, the vibration plate 40 changes to the state shown in FIG. 3A or the state shown in FIG. 3C based on the state shown in FIG. It vibrates along the direction (normal direction perpendicular to the main surface of the diaphragm 40). Thereby, the vibration according to the drive signal is transmitted to the user via the diaphragm 40.
　振動板４０には、非動作状態で定常的な曲げ応力が与えられているため、圧電フィルム２０の伸張時に振動板４０に与えられる力は、当該曲げ応力と同じ方向となる。したがって、触覚提示装置１０は、振動板４０を効率的に振動させることができ、圧電フィルムを用いた場合であってもある程度強い振動を伝えることができる。また、モータ等による振動に比べると、触覚提示装置１０を薄くすることができる。 Since the diaphragm 40 is given a steady bending stress in a non-operating state, the force applied to the diaphragm 40 when the piezoelectric film 20 is stretched is in the same direction as the bending stress. Therefore, the tactile sense presentation device 10 can vibrate the diaphragm 40 efficiently and can transmit a strong vibration to some extent even when a piezoelectric film is used. In addition, the tactile sense presentation device 10 can be made thinner than vibration caused by a motor or the like.
　なお、中空領域１００には、断熱性を有するシリコーンゲル等の柔らかい樹脂を充填し、圧電フィルム２０および振動板４０が振動することにより生じる音を抑制してもよい。 It should be noted that the hollow region 100 may be filled with a soft resin such as a silicone gel having heat insulation properties to suppress the sound generated when the piezoelectric film 20 and the diaphragm 40 vibrate.
　以上のように、本実施形態の触覚提示装置１０は、利用者が振動板４０を押し込んだ場合に、触覚フィードバックがなされる。これにより、触覚提示装置１０は、タッチセンサ５０として、静電容量型スイッチ等の触れるだけで反応する可能性があるスイッチを用いた場合であっても、利用者が意図的に振動板を押し込んだ場合にのみ、触覚提示を行なうことができる。かつ、触覚提示装置１０は、指が接触する振動板と圧電フィルム間に隙間があるため、指の熱による焦電性の影響を大幅に低減できる。 As described above, the tactile sense presentation device 10 of the present embodiment provides tactile feedback when the user pushes the diaphragm 40. As a result, the tactile sense presentation device 10 deliberately pushes the diaphragm even when the touch sensor 50 uses a switch such as a capacitance-type switch that may react when touched. Only in this case, tactile sensation can be presented. In addition, since the touch-sensitive presentation device 10 has a gap between the diaphragm and the piezoelectric film with which the finger contacts, the influence of pyroelectricity due to the heat of the finger can be greatly reduced.
　なお、タッチ検出部として静電容量型スイッチを用いる場合には、該静電容量型スイッチは、振動板４０に内蔵させることができる。この場合、触覚提示装置１０は、メンブレンスイッチのように厚いフィルムを振動板に貼り付ける必要がないため、振動板の振動を拘束することがなく、振幅を低下させることもない。なお、キー画像８０を印刷したフィルムは、メンブレンスイッチを内蔵したフィルムよりもはるかに薄いため、振動板４０の振動を阻害することがない。また、静電容量型スイッチは、焦電性がないため、利用者が触れる振動板４０のタッチ面（または内部のうち第１主面に近い位置）に設けたとしても、利用者のタッチ操作を適切に検出することができる。 In the case where a capacitive switch is used as the touch detection unit, the capacitive switch can be built in the diaphragm 40. In this case, the tactile sense presentation device 10 does not need to attach a thick film to the diaphragm like a membrane switch, so that the vibration of the diaphragm is not constrained and the amplitude is not reduced. Note that the film on which the key image 80 is printed is much thinner than the film with the built-in membrane switch, so that the vibration of the diaphragm 40 is not hindered. Further, since the capacitive switch has no pyroelectricity, even if it is provided on the touch surface of the diaphragm 40 that the user touches (or the position close to the first main surface in the interior), the user's touch operation Can be detected appropriately.
　次に、図５（Ａ）および図５（Ｂ）は、変形例１に係る触覚提示装置１０の構成を示すブロック図である。図６は、各構成の信号オン／オフの状態を示す図である。 Next, FIGS. 5A and 5B are block diagrams showing the configuration of the tactile sense presentation device 10 according to the first modification. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a signal on / off state of each configuration.
　変形例１に係る触覚提示装置１０は、図４に示した構成に加えて、スイッチ８５を備えている。スイッチ８５は、圧電フィルム２０、電圧検出回路８１、および駆動部８３に接続されている。スイッチ８５は、圧電フィルム２０に設けられた電極と、電圧検出回路８１または駆動部８３と、を選択的に接続する。 The tactile sense presentation device 10 according to the first modification includes a switch 85 in addition to the configuration shown in FIG. The switch 85 is connected to the piezoelectric film 20, the voltage detection circuit 81, and the drive unit 83. The switch 85 selectively connects the electrode provided on the piezoelectric film 20 to the voltage detection circuit 81 or the drive unit 83.
　図５（Ａ）および図６に示すように、信号処理回路８２は、電圧検出回路８１において、利用者の押し込み操作を検出する場合には、スイッチ８５をオフ状態として、駆動部８３と、圧電フィルム２０および電圧検出回路８１と、を電気的に遮断する。 As shown in FIGS. 5A and 6, the signal processing circuit 82 turns off the switch 85, the piezoelectric element 83, and the piezoelectric element 82 when the voltage detection circuit 81 detects the pushing operation of the user. The film 20 and the voltage detection circuit 81 are electrically disconnected.
　そして、図５（Ｂ）および図６に示すように、信号処理回路８２は、タッチセンサ５０において利用者のタッチ操作を検出し、かつ電圧検出回路８１において、利用者の押し込み操作を検出した場合に、スイッチ８５をオン状態として、駆動部８３と、圧電フィルム２０を電気的に接続する。駆動部８３から圧電フィルム２０へ信号が出力された後は、すぐに図５（Ｂ）から図５（Ａ）の状態にスイッチ８５が切り替えられ、入力待ちの状態になる。 Then, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 6, the signal processing circuit 82 detects the user's touch operation in the touch sensor 50 and the voltage detection circuit 81 detects the user's push-in operation. In addition, the switch 85 is turned on to electrically connect the drive unit 83 and the piezoelectric film 20. Immediately after a signal is output from the drive unit 83 to the piezoelectric film 20, the switch 85 is switched from the state shown in FIG. 5B to the state shown in FIG.
　これにより、電圧検出回路８１に駆動信号が入力されないようにすることができる。よって、電圧検出回路８１に高電圧の駆動信号が流れることがなく、電圧検出回路８１を保護することができる。 Thereby, it is possible to prevent the drive signal from being input to the voltage detection circuit 81. Therefore, a high-voltage drive signal does not flow through the voltage detection circuit 81, and the voltage detection circuit 81 can be protected.
　また、スイッチは、駆動部と圧電フィルムとの間、また圧電フィルムと電圧検出回路との間にそれぞれ接続し、それらのオン／オフをＣＰＵで制御するものでもよいが、図５（Ａ）および図５（Ｂ）のようにそれらのスイッチを１つ（３端子タイプ）にすることが望ましい。図５（Ａ）および図５（Ｂ）のようなスイッチを用いることによって、仮に信号処理回路８５から誤って信号が圧電フィルムに送られたとしても、駆動部８３からの出力が電圧検出回路８１に過大な電力が誤って入力されてしまう恐れが無いからである。 Further, the switch may be connected between the driving unit and the piezoelectric film, or between the piezoelectric film and the voltage detection circuit, and the on / off thereof may be controlled by the CPU. As shown in FIG. 5B, it is desirable to have one of these switches (3-terminal type). By using the switches as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, even if a signal is accidentally sent from the signal processing circuit 85 to the piezoelectric film, the output from the drive unit 83 is the voltage detection circuit 81. This is because there is no fear that excessive power will be erroneously input.
　次に、図７は、変形例に係る触覚提示装置１０Ａの斜視図である。図８（Ａ）および図８（Ｂ）は、触覚提示装置１０Ａの側面図である。この例では、２つのスペーサ７０が振動板４０と圧電フィルム２０とが対向する中空領域１００に配置されている。スペーサ７０は、触覚提示装置１０の幅方向に長い角柱形状となっている。スペーサ７０は、例えば、金属、ＰＥＴ、ポリカーボネイト（ＰＣ）、またはＡＢＳ樹脂などからなる。 Next, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a tactile sense presentation device 10A according to a modification. 8A and 8B are side views of the tactile presentation device 10A. In this example, two spacers 70 are disposed in the hollow region 100 where the diaphragm 40 and the piezoelectric film 20 face each other. The spacer 70 has a prismatic shape that is long in the width direction of the tactile sense presentation device 10. The spacer 70 is made of, for example, metal, PET, polycarbonate (PC), or ABS resin.
　図８（Ａ）に示すように、スペーサ７０は、振動板４０の下面と圧電フィルム２０の上面との間に挟まれている。圧電フィルム２０が駆動していない時、スペーサ７０が圧電フィルム２０を下側に押し込んで、張力をかけている。 As shown in FIG. 8A, the spacer 70 is sandwiched between the lower surface of the diaphragm 40 and the upper surface of the piezoelectric film 20. When the piezoelectric film 20 is not driven, the spacer 70 pushes the piezoelectric film 20 downward to apply tension.
　図８（Ａ）に示すように、圧電フィルム２０の収縮時には、振動板４０の長さ方向中央が上方に変位する。圧電フィルム２０の伸長時には振動板４０の長さ方向中央が下方に変位する。図８（Ｂ）に示すように、圧電フィルム２０の伸張時には、振動板４０の長さ方向中央が下方に変位する。 As shown in FIG. 8A, when the piezoelectric film 20 contracts, the center in the length direction of the diaphragm 40 is displaced upward. When the piezoelectric film 20 is extended, the center in the length direction of the diaphragm 40 is displaced downward. As shown in FIG. 8B, when the piezoelectric film 20 is extended, the center in the length direction of the diaphragm 40 is displaced downward.
　振動板４０は、圧電フィルム２０に駆動信号を印加しない（定常状態）で、図８（Ａ）に示すように、法線方向に突出していてもよいし、図８（Ｂ）に示すように、平坦な状態になっていてもよい。また、振動板４０は、圧電フィルム２０に駆動信号を印加しない（定常状態）で、下方に突出していてもよい。 The diaphragm 40 may project in the normal direction as shown in FIG. 8A without applying a drive signal to the piezoelectric film 20 (steady state), or as shown in FIG. 8B. , It may be in a flat state. The diaphragm 40 may protrude downward without applying a drive signal to the piezoelectric film 20 (steady state).
　このような構造の触覚提示装置１０Ａにおいても、利用者が振動板４０を押し込んだ場合に、触覚フィードバックがなされる。これにより、触覚提示装置１０Ａにおいても、タッチ検出部として、静電容量型スイッチ等の触れるだけで反応する可能性があるスイッチを用いた場合であっても、利用者が意図的に振動板を押し込んだ場合にのみ、触覚提示を行なうことができる。また、タッチ検出部として静電容量型スイッチを用いる場合には、該静電容量型スイッチは、振動板に内蔵させることができる。 Even in the tactile sense presentation device 10A having such a structure, tactile feedback is performed when the user pushes the diaphragm 40. As a result, even in the tactile sense presentation device 10A, even when a touch detection unit such as a capacitive switch is used, the user intentionally moves the diaphragm. The tactile sensation can be presented only when pushed. When a capacitive switch is used as the touch detection unit, the capacitive switch can be incorporated in the diaphragm.
　なお、本実施形態では、「電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルム」の一例として圧電フィルムを示したが、「電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルム」は、圧電フィルムに限るものではない。「電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルム」は、他にも、例えば電歪フィルム、エレクトレットフィルム、コンポジットフィルム、または電気活性高分子フィルム等がある。なお、電気活性フィルムとは、電気的駆動によって応力を発生するフィルムまたは変形して変位を発生するフィルムである。具体的には、電歪フィルム、コンポジット材料（圧電セラミックスを樹脂モールドした材料）、電気駆動型エラストマー、または液晶エラストマー等がある。 In this embodiment, a piezoelectric film is shown as an example of a “film that deforms in a plane direction when a voltage is applied”, but a “film that deforms in a plane direction when a voltage is applied” is limited to a piezoelectric film. is not. Other examples of the “film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied” include an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a composite film, and an electroactive polymer film. The electroactive film is a film that generates stress by electrical driving or a film that generates displacement by deformation. Specifically, there are an electrostrictive film, a composite material (a material obtained by resin-molding piezoelectric ceramics), an electrically driven elastomer, or a liquid crystal elastomer.
　また、本実施形態では、圧電フィルム２０が振動板４０に直接接続される例を示したが、圧電フィルム２０は、圧電性を有しない他の樹脂フィルムを介して間接的に振動板４０に接続される態様としてもよい。例えば、圧電フィルム２０が樹脂フィルムの主面に貼り付けられ、当該樹脂フィルムの端部が振動板４０に接続される態様とすることも可能である。無論、他にも、電歪フィルム、エレクトレットフィルム、コンポジットフィルム、または電気活性高分子フィルム等のフィルムが樹脂フィルムの主面に貼り付けられ、該樹脂フィルムの端部が振動板４０に接続される態様とすることも可能である。 In this embodiment, the example in which the piezoelectric film 20 is directly connected to the vibration plate 40 has been shown. However, the piezoelectric film 20 is indirectly connected to the vibration plate 40 via another resin film that does not have piezoelectricity. It is good also as an aspect made. For example, the piezoelectric film 20 may be attached to the main surface of the resin film, and the end of the resin film may be connected to the vibration plate 40. Of course, in addition, a film such as an electrostrictive film, an electret film, a composite film, or an electroactive polymer film is attached to the main surface of the resin film, and the end of the resin film is connected to the diaphragm 40. It is also possible to adopt an aspect.
　なお、本実施形態では、振動板に応力が生じる状態の構造例を示したが、振動板に応力が生じることは必須ではない。例えば、本発明は、圧電フィルムと振動板とを貼り合せたユニモルフ型の振動構造であっても適用可能である。また、本発明は、WO2016/067832に開示された様な水平に駆動する構造に対しても適用可能である。圧電フィルムは、振動板の非操作面側に配置されることで、指の熱が圧電フィルムに伝わりにくくなる。 In this embodiment, an example of a structure in which stress is generated in the diaphragm is shown, but it is not essential that stress is generated in the diaphragm. For example, the present invention can be applied even to a unimorph type vibration structure in which a piezoelectric film and a diaphragm are bonded. The present invention is also applicable to a horizontally driven structure as disclosed in WO2016 / 067832. Since the piezoelectric film is arranged on the non-operation surface side of the diaphragm, the heat of the finger is hardly transmitted to the piezoelectric film.
　また、「電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルム」は、例えば圧電セラミックスおよび樹脂フィルムを用いることでも実現することができる。例えば、複数の樹脂フィルムを圧電セラミックスを介して接続し、これら複数の樹脂フィルムをそれぞれ振動板４０に接続することで実現することができる。 Also, the “film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied” can be realized by using, for example, piezoelectric ceramics and a resin film. For example, it can be realized by connecting a plurality of resin films via piezoelectric ceramics and connecting each of the plurality of resin films to the diaphragm 40.
　さらに、「電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルム」は、単層でも良いし、積層しても良い。特に積層する枚数を増やすことによってより強い振動を得ることが出来る。 Furthermore, the “film that deforms in the plane direction when a voltage is applied” may be a single layer or may be laminated. In particular, stronger vibration can be obtained by increasing the number of stacked layers.
　また、本実施形態は、触覚提示装置を例示したが、本実施形態に示す振動構造は、スピーカに適用することも可能である。例えば、利用者が押圧を加えると、振動板は、可聴域の周波数で法線方向に一定時間振動することで音を鳴らす。この場合、薄型防犯ブザーへの適用が考えられる。また、例えば、信号処理回路８２は、触覚提示用の信号を出力してから、その後に可聴域の周波数の信号を出力して、防犯ブザーを鳴らしてもよい。 In addition, although the present embodiment exemplifies a tactile sense presentation device, the vibration structure shown in the present embodiment can be applied to a speaker. For example, when the user applies pressure, the diaphragm emits a sound by vibrating in the normal direction for a certain time at an audible frequency. In this case, application to a thin crime prevention buzzer is conceivable. Further, for example, the signal processing circuit 82 may output a signal for haptic presentation and then output a signal having an audible frequency to sound a security buzzer.
１０，１０Ａ…触覚提示装置
２０…圧電フィルム
４０…振動板
５０…タッチセンサ
７０…スペーサ
８０…キー画像
８１…電圧検出回路
８２…信号処理回路
８３…駆動部
８５…スイッチ
１００…中空領域 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,10A ... Tactile sense presentation apparatus 20 ... Piezoelectric film 40 ... Diaphragm 50 ... Touch sensor 70 ... Spacer 80 ... Key image 81 ... Voltage detection circuit 82 ... Signal processing circuit 83 ... Drive part 85 ... Switch 100 ... Hollow area

Claims (5)

  1. 　電圧を加えることで面方向に変形するフィルムと、
    　前記フィルムに接続され、前記フィルムが前記面方向に変形することにより、法線方向に撓む振動板と、
    　前記振動板に対するタッチ操作を検出するタッチ検出部と、
    　前記フィルムの電圧変化に基づいて、前記振動板に対する押し込み操作を検出する押し込み操作検出部と、
    　前記第タッチ検出部で前記タッチ操作を検出し、かつ前記押し込み操作検出部で前記押し込み操作を検出した場合に、前記フィルムに駆動信号を印加する駆動部と、を備えた触覚提示装置。     A film that deforms in the surface direction by applying voltage;
    A diaphragm that is connected to the film and is deformed in the normal direction when the film is deformed in the surface direction; and
    A touch detection unit for detecting a touch operation on the diaphragm;
    Based on the voltage change of the film, a pressing operation detection unit that detects a pressing operation on the diaphragm,
    A tactile sense presentation device comprising: a drive unit that detects a touch operation by the first touch detection unit and applies a drive signal to the film when the push operation is detected by the push operation detection unit.
  2. 　前記タッチ検出部は、前記振動板に内蔵されている、請求項１に記載の触覚提示装置。 The tactile sense presentation device according to claim 1, wherein the touch detection unit is built in the diaphragm.
  3. 　前記フィルムは、前記振動板のタッチ面と反対側に設けられている、請求項２に記載の触覚提示装置。 The tactile presentation device according to claim 2, wherein the film is provided on a side opposite to a touch surface of the diaphragm.
  4. 　前記タッチ検出部は、前記振動板の第１主面側に設けられた、焦電性の無い材料を含むスイッチであり、
    　前記フィルムは、前記振動板の第２主面側に設けられている、請求項１に記載の触覚提示装置。     The touch detection unit is a switch including a non-pyroelectric material provided on the first main surface side of the diaphragm,
    The tactile sense presentation device according to claim 1, wherein the film is provided on a second main surface side of the diaphragm.
  5. 　前記駆動部が前記フィルムに前記駆動信号を印加する時に、前記フィルムと前記押し込み操作検出部との電気的接続を遮断する接続遮断部を備えた請求項１乃至請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の触覚提示装置。 5. The device according to claim 1, further comprising: a connection blocking unit that blocks an electrical connection between the film and the push-in operation detection unit when the driving unit applies the driving signal to the film. The tactile sense presentation device described.
PCT/JP2017/043765 2016-12-07 2017-12-06 Tactile sensation presentation device WO2018105639A1 (en)

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JP2015125666A (en) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-06 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 Display input device and information processing device
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JP2013131110A (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-07-04 Kddi Corp Touch panel and telephone
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JP2013242814A (en) * 2012-05-22 2013-12-05 Kyocera Corp Electronic apparatus
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