WO2018047214A1

WO2018047214A1 - Method for loading/unloading bulk cargo

Info

Publication number: WO2018047214A1
Application number: PCT/JP2016/004144
Authority: WO
Inventors: 学荒木; 荒木　徹
Original assignee: 芝海株式会社
Priority date: 2016-09-12
Filing date: 2016-09-12
Publication date: 2018-03-15

Abstract

In order to improve the degree of freedom in mixed loading of bulk cargo, this method for loading/unloading bulk cargo includes a step for storing the bulk cargo in a container 401, and a step for stowing, on a ship, the container 401 in which the bulk cargo is contained.

Description

How to handle bulk cargo

The present invention relates to a bulk cargo handling method for handling bulk cargo for transportation by ship.

Bulk cargoes such as iron ore, coal and other minerals carried by ships, and grains such as soybeans and wheat are loaded and unloaded into a hold by, for example, a conveyor or a grab bucket (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .)

JP 2013-180692 A

As described above, when bulk cargo is loaded into a cargo hold and transported, multiple types of bulk cargo cannot be loaded into a single cargo hold, so there is a problem that the degree of freedom of mixed loading is low.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object thereof is to increase the degree of freedom of mixed loading of bulk cargo.

The present invention
A bulk cargo handling method for handling bulk cargo,
The process of accommodating bulk cargo in containers;
A process of loading a container containing the bulk cargo on a ship;
It is characterized by having.

This makes it easy to load different types of bulk cargo by filling them into separate containers and loading them into a container ship.

According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of mixed loading of bulk cargo.

It is a fragmentary sectional side view which shows the structure of the principal part of a container ship. It is a cross-sectional front view which shows the structure of the principal part of a container ship. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the trolley | bogie for containers. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a container. It is a cross-sectional front view which shows the structure of the principal part of the container ship of another example.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Container ship)
First, a container ship that transports containers will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the container ship is provided with a flow channel 103 formed by a flow channel partition wall 102 through which water outside the ship can flow from the bow to the stern. On the bow side and the stern side of the water channel 103, there is provided a water channel closing door 104 that is rotatable around a rotation shaft 104a. A ballast 105 using, for example, lead or the like is provided below the water flow channel 103. Therefore, when the flow channel closing door 104 is opened and the flow channel 103 is opened, for example, the hull 101 excluding the bridge 101a sinks below the water line indicated by the symbol A in FIG. The hull 101 is submerged to the extent that the hull 101 is not affected or hardly affected by the waves), while the flow channel closing door 104 is closed, the flow channel 103 is closed, and the internal water is drained. The hull 101 can be lifted so that the waterline is at the position indicated by the symbol B in FIG. A propulsion device such as a screw may be provided in the flowing water channel 103.

An opening 106 is formed on the side of the hull 101. The opening 106 is closed by a door 107 so that watertightness is maintained when the hull 101 is in a diving state. Further, when the hull 101 floats, the lower end of the opening 106 is positioned above the water line indicated by the symbol B, and the container 401 placed on the carriage 501 is moved between the pier and the pier through the opening 106. (Loading and / or landing).

The floor board 108 is provided inside the hull 101, and the container 401 is placed on the carriage 501 and loaded. On the floor plate 108, a cart driving unit 611 that drives the movement of the cart 501 between the quay walls is provided. The driving method is not particularly limited. For example, a connecting arm 612 attached to a chain driven by a motor can be connected to the carriage 501 and driven.

It should be noted that a ballast tank capable of adjusting the amount of water may be separately used in order to supplementarily adjust the water line.

(Car 501)
As shown in FIG. 3, the cart 501 includes a mounting table 502 on which a plurality of containers 401 as described above, for example, can be placed in multiple stages (in FIG. 3, only one stage is placed for convenience). Is shown.) On the upper surface of the mounting table 502, there is provided an engaging portion 503 compliant with, for example, the ISO standard, which is the same as that used for fixing a container in a ship or a trailer. In addition, a member or the like for binding the container may be provided.

An appropriate number of wheels 504 are attached to the lower part of the mounting table 502. The wheels 504 may be fixed in direction, or may be partially or entirely steerable (for example, 90 ° or more, 180 ° or more, or 360 ° rotation around the vertical axis). Good. In addition, for example, a drive motor that drives some or all of the wheels such as the steerable wheels may be provided so that the cart 501 can run on its own.

By using the cart 501 as described above, a plurality of containers 401 can be handled in a lump without using a container crane. Therefore, a container using a quay where no container crane is installed is used. It is possible to easily carry out transportation by using a trailer. Therefore, it is possible to ease the traffic congestion of the trailer in the container yard and increase the operation rate of the container crane and the quay.

The floor plate 108 may be provided with rails or guides for guiding the wheels 504 of the carriage 501 in addition to or instead of the floor plate 108. Further, a manual or automatic fixing mechanism or a stopper may be provided to fix the loaded carriage 501.

Further, for example, a foldable transfer plate that extends between the floor plate 108 and the quay may be provided on the side of the ridge.

Furthermore, floor boards and rails may be provided in multiple layers so that the cart 501 can be stacked in multiple stages in the vertical direction. In that case, a floor board etc. may be provided so that raising and lowering is possible like a multi-level parking lot, or instead of or in addition, as described above, each of the flow lines 103 and the water line by pouring into and out of the ballast tank, The height of the floorboard or the like may be adjusted so as to correspond to the quay. In the latter case, in place of the door 107, a door that can be opened and closed separately in the vertical direction is provided in accordance with the height position of each floor board, etc. Then, the lower door is closed, the upper door is opened, and the container 401 may be loaded and unloaded from the opened door.

(Container 401)
As the container 401, a normal cargo container may be used. For example, by using a container 401 as shown in FIG. 4, a bulk cargo is filled and handled and transported in the same manner as a normal cargo container. Can be easily done.

The upper portion of the outer shell of the container 401 has a size and shape conforming to, for example, the ISO standard, and the engagement portions 402 that are engaged with a connecting tool called a twist lock or the like at the four corners of the upper and lower surfaces. Is provided. The upper portion of the container 401 is also provided with an opening 403 through which bulk cargo flows in. The opening 403 is connected to a discharge nozzle of a transfer device similar to a pneumatic unloader while maintaining a sealing property by flange connection or the like. Although it is preferable that it is possible, depending on the type of bulk cargo or the like, an open opening may be formed in all or a part of the upper part.

A filter 404 is also provided on the upper surface of the container 401 so that when the bulk cargo is filled, the air in the container 401 is exhausted and the outflow of dust and the like can be suppressed.

The bottom of the container 401 is provided with a discharge port 411 that is an opening of a bottom wall that discharges bulk cargo, and can be opened and closed by a discharge lid 412 that can rotate around a rotation shaft 412a. In addition, an inclined plate 413 is provided inside the container 401 from the peripheral edge of the discharge port 411 to the side wall so that the bulk cargo inside can be reliably discharged.

By using the container 401 as described above, such as a grab bucket for handling bulk cargo, a cargo handling device such as a pneumatic unloader, a container yard without a storage facility such as a silo, etc. Since bulk cargo can be handled in the same way as ordinary cargo containers, it is possible to increase the flexibility of landing of bulk cargo and to make effective use of the quay.

A baffle plate (baffle plate) may be provided near the inside of the filter 404 in the container 401 so that the bulk cargo is less likely to come into direct contact with the filter 404 to make it easier to suppress the outflow of dust and the like. .

Further, the filter 404 is not limited to being provided at one place, but may be provided at a plurality of places. Moreover, a baffle plate, a partition wall, etc. may be used as needed and provided in a side wall. In addition, a plurality of end portions in the longitudinal direction of the container 401 may be provided on the side wall, or one or more may be provided on each of the upper wall and the side wall.

Further, the single discharge lid 412 is not limited to being provided as described above, and may be provided so as to be divided into two or more and be double-opened. Further, a discharge lid may be provided that covers all, most, or at least a part (opening of the bottom wall) of the container 401 and can open and close the bottom part fully open or substantially fully open. Moreover, you may enable it to open and close by providing a door in all or one part of the side wall of a longitudinal direction edge part, or the side wall along a longitudinal direction.

Also, an integral or separate lid or hatch for closing the opening 403 may be provided.

Moreover, an air conditioning unit capable of controlling at least one of temperature and humidity may be provided inside the container 401 as described above. By providing such a unit, for example, when grains are filled, it is easy to store it as it is, so it is landed at a wharf without a silo and stored on the spot. It can be stored or stored at the destination, greatly improving the flexibility of wharf use, or reducing the burden of installing silos (avoiding the need for installation). Further, in the event of a disaster, the container 401 can be used as a transportation means for bulk cargo and used as a storage means at the transportation destination.

Moreover, if the container 401 as described above is used, it is possible to easily suppress the outflow of dust or the like. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper wall can be simply opened and closed. The cargo may be filled.

(Handling and transportation)
The cargo handling of the container ship as described above, particularly the cargo handling when bulk cargo is transported will be described.

First, the container 401 is filled with bulk cargo, and the container 401 is placed on the carriage 501. Alternatively, the bulk cargo is filled in the container 401 previously placed on the cart 501.

On the other hand, the container ship is in a diving state in which the waterline is located at the position indicated by symbol A in FIG. 2 after the bow side and the stern side of the flow channel 103 are closed by the flow channel closing door 104 and the water inside is drained. So that the lower end of the opening 106 and the floor board 108 are located above the position indicated by the symbol B. Here, the blockage of the water flow channel 103 by the water flow channel closing door 104 is not necessarily required to maintain high water tightness, but it is sufficient that the necessary buoyancy can be secured by drainage during cargo handling.

When the hull 101 floats as described above, the door 107 opens and the opening 106 is released. Therefore, the cart 501 on which the container 401 is placed is loaded into the ship through the opening 106 by a cart driving unit 611 provided on the floor board 108 or a device such as a forklift on the quay. In addition, you may make it provide the delivery board passed between the floor board 108 and a quay near the said opening part 106. FIG. Further, the door 107 may also be used as the above-mentioned transfer plate.

When the loading is completed, the opening 106 is closed by the door 107. Further, the water flow to the flow channel 103 and the release of the blockage by the flow channel closing door 104 cause the container ship to be in a diving state, and when the container ship is propelled, the flow channel 103 is in a flowing state.

As described above, by filling bulk cargo into the container 401 and loading it into a container ship for transportation, bulk cargo can be handled easily and the degree of freedom for mixed loading can be increased. Moreover, land transportation can also be easily performed without the need for facilities such as a coal storage for storage after landing. In order to obtain such advantages, the container ship is not necessarily limited to a container ship that can be handled from the ship side or a container ship that can be submerged, and a normal container ship may be used.

In addition, by allowing a normal container or a container 401 filled with bulk cargo to be loaded from the opening provided on the ship side, cargo can be loaded even on a quay where a gantry crane or the like is not installed. Higher quay can be used effectively. In addition, for example, even when a heavy object such as coal is filled in the container 401 and the weight exceeds the maximum lifting weight of the gantry crane, it is possible to easily carry the cargo without such weight restriction.

In addition, by making the hull dive and allowing navigation, it is possible to suppress wave-making resistance and perform efficient transportation, and it is advantageous for low-temperature transportation. In addition, by making it possible to control the diving state and the floating state by the flow channel 103 through which the water outside the ship can circulate at the time of sailing, it is possible to adjust the draft line by pouring water into the ballast tank. It is possible to easily prevent or reduce marine pollution caused by transporting seawater to the port area.

(Other examples of container ships)
For example, a structure as shown in FIG. 5 may be used to enable the container ship to dive and float. This container ship has an upper hull 201 and a lower hull 202 that are relatively movable in the vertical direction. The side walls of the upper hull 201 and the lower hull 202 are sealed in at least one of the overlapping portions so that water tightness can be maintained.

On the side wall of the upper hull 201, there is provided an opening 206 through which the container 401 placed on the carriage 501 can be moved between the quay. The floor board 108 on which the carriage 501 is loaded is fixed to the upper hull 201 and integrally moves up and down with respect to the lower hull 202.

A ballast 105 is provided at the bottom of the lower hull 202, and when the upper hull 201 moves downward, for example, only the bridge 201a enters a diving state where the upper hull 201 moves upward along with the floor board 108. Sometimes, the floor plate 108 and the lower end of the opening 206 are positioned above the water line, and the carriage 501 on which the container 401 is placed can be moved between the quay.

As described above, by allowing the upper hull 201 and the lower hull 202 to move up and down relatively so as to be controlled in a diving state and a floating state, it is also possible to easily prevent or reduce marine pollution and the like. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Hull 101a Bridge 102 Flow channel partition wall 103 Flow channel 104 Flow channel closing door 104a Rotating shaft 105 Ballast 106 Opening 107 Door 108 Floor plate 201 Upper hull 201a Bridge 202 Lower hull 206 Opening 401 Container 402 Engagement part 403 Opening part 404 Filter 411 Discharge port 412 Discharge lid 412a Rotating shaft 413 Inclined plate 501 Carriage 502 Mounting base 503 Engaging part 504 Wheel 611 Carriage driving part 612 Connecting arm

Claims

A bulk cargo handling method for handling bulk cargo,
The process of accommodating bulk cargo in containers;
A process of loading a container containing the bulk cargo on a ship;
A bulk cargo handling method characterized by comprising:
The bulk cargo handling method according to claim 1,
The above container
It has an outer shell that accommodates bulk cargo,
In the outer shell,
An engaging portion engageable with a spreader of a container crane;
An inflow opening for inflowing bulk cargo,
An outflow opening in the bottom wall of the outer shell through which bulk cargo flows out;
A filter for discharging the air in the outer shell,
A bulk cargo handling method comprising a discharge lid that covers the outflow opening so as to be openable and closable.
A bulk cargo handling method according to claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising:
A step of placing the container in which the bulk cargo is accommodated on a container cart prior to the accommodation, or a step of placing a plurality of containers in which the bulk cargo is accommodated on the container cart,
The process for loading the container on the ship is a process for loading the container truck by moving the container carriage through the opening on a ship having an opening on the ship side.