WO2017189041A1

WO2017189041A1 - Subframe structure for communication in infrastructure-less networks

Info

Publication number: WO2017189041A1
Application number: PCT/US2016/059945
Authority: WO
Inventors: Qian Li; Guangjie Li; JoonBeom Kim; Satish C. Jha; Yaser FOUAD; Hassan GHOZLAN; Vesh Raj SHARMA BANJADE; Lu LU; Dawei YING; Xiaoyun May Wu; Geng Wu
Original assignee: Intel Corporation
Priority date: 2016-04-28
Filing date: 2016-11-01
Publication date: 2017-11-02
Also published as: TWI737698B; TW201811078A; DE112016006812T5

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe methods and apparatuses for communicating in underlay infrastructure-less networks.

Description

SUBFRAME STRUCTURE FOR COMMUNICATION IN INFRASTRUCTURE-LESS NETWORKS

Related Application

This application claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/329,047, filed April 28, 2016, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

Field

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of networks, and more particularly, to apparatuses, systems, and methods for communicating in underlay infrastructure-less networks.

Background

Present short-range wireless personal area network technologies are limited by data rates and may exhibit poor performance in ultra-dense deployments resulting from many devices communicating in a relatively small area. Other wireless local area networking technologies consume relatively high amounts of power and may not be suitable for small, portable devices.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Embodiments will be readily understood by the following detailed description

in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. To facilitate this description, like reference numerals designate like structural elements. Embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 illustrates a communication system for supporting wearable user equipment according to some embodiments.

Figure 2 is a hierarchical depiction of a structure of a radio frame according to some embodiments.

Figure 3 illustrates structures of subframes according to some embodiments.

Figure 4 illustrates downlink signaling subframes for a personal area network according to some embodiments.

Figure 5 illustrates downlink signaling subframes for a personal area network according to some embodiments.

Figure 6 illustrates downlink signaling subframes for two personal area networks according to some embodiments.

Figure 7 illustrates a wearable user equipment and a network user equipment according to some embodiments. Figure 8 illustrates an example operation flow/algorithmic structure of a wearable user equipment according to some embodiments.

Figure 9 illustrates an example operation flow/algorithmic structure of a network user equipment according to some embodiments.

Figure 10 illustrates an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments.

Figure 11 illustrates a computer system according to some embodiments.

Detailed Description

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying

drawings, which form a part hereof wherein like numerals designate like parts throughout, and in which is shown by way of illustration embodiments that may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Various operations may be described as multiple discrete actions or operations in turn, in a manner that is most helpful in understanding the claimed subject matter. However, the order of description should not be construed as to imply that these operations are necessarily order dependent. In particular, these operations may not be performed in the order of presentation. Operations described may be performed in a different order than the described embodiment. Various additional operations may be performed or described operations may be omitted in additional embodiments.

For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrases "A or B," "A and/or B," and "A/B" mean (A), (B), or (A and B).

The description may use the phrases "in an embodiment," or "in embodiments," which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," and the like, as used with respect to embodiments of the present disclosure, are synonymous.

Figure 1 illustrates a communication system 100 for supporting wearable user equipments ("wUEs") in accordance with some embodiments. While embodiments are described with respect to wearable devices, these concepts may also be used for other non-wearable devices that communication over personal area networks ("PANs").

Entities of the system 100 include a network user equipment ("nUE") 110 having a full infrastructure network access protocol stack (for example, for full control-plane and user- plane functions); wUEs 120 (for example, 120a, 120b, and 120c) that lack standalone network-access connections but instead achieve network access through, and coordinated by, the nUE 110; an evolved node B ("eNB") (or, more generally, a base station) 130; and an evolved packet core ("EPC") 140. The nUE 1 10 and one or more of the wUEs 120 may mutually authenticate to form one or more underlay networks, for example, PANs. The PANs may not be scheduled by a central scheduling entity (such as eNB 130) and, therefore, may be referred to as an uncoordinated or infrastructure-less network in some embodiments.

Air interfaces between the entities of the system 100 may include an S I interface 145 between the EPC 140 and the eNB 130; a Uu-p interface 150 between the nUE 1 10 and the eNB 130; a (higher power-demand) Uu-w interface 160a between the wUE 120a and the eNB 130 (similar Uu-w interfaces are not shown for the wUE 120b and the wUE 120c but may be present in some embodiments); Xu-a interfaces 170 between the nUE 1 10 and the wUE 120a and the wUE 120b (for example, Xu-a interfaces 170a and 170b, respectively); and an Xu-b interface 180 between the wUE 120b and the wUE 120c (other Xu-b interfaces are not shown but may be present in some embodiments). In general, the Xu-a interfaces may provide intra-PAN air interfaces between an nUE and associated wUEs, and the Xu-b interfaces may provide intra-PAN air interfaces among wUEs, but design principles described herein may apply to either of the Xu-a or Xu-b interfaces (generally referred to as Xu interfaces).

Figure 2 is a hierarchical depiction of a structure of a radio frame 200 in accordance with some embodiments. The structure of the radio frame 200, and subframes included therein, may organize and facilitate communication among components of underlay infrastructure- less networks, such as the PANs introduced in Figure 1.

The radio frame 200 may include a time-division duplex ("TDD")-based subframe structure 210, a system bandwidth 220 allocated in subchannels 230, and TDD-based channels 240 allocated in the subchannels 230.

The radio frame 200 shows ten subframes, but the number of subframes within each frame can be greater or less than ten. Among the subframes within each frame, at least one subframe may be preconfigured as a DL subframe. Figure 2, for example, shows subframe #0 as the DL subframe, though other allocations are possible. Other subframes can be flexibly configured as DL or UL subframes, which may be indicated in Figure 2 by the "DL/UL" notation.

The DL and UL transmission can be dynamically scheduled in each PAN. In each subframe, some of the PANs can transmit in their acquired resource allocations in the UL direction while some of the PANs can transmit in their acquired resource allocations in the DL direction. The smallest unit of physical resources available in the radio frame 200 may be referred to as a resource element (RE) of one symbol and one subcarrier. A block (in time and frequency) of adjacent REs form a physical resource block (PRB). Two temporally adjacent PRBs may be referred to as a pair of PRBs. In some embodiments, a subchannel has a subchannel bandwidth corresponding to multiple pairs of PRBs. The subchannel bandwidth may then be partitioned according to a physical resource assignment (PRA) allocated for communications between nUE 110 and an associated wUE 120. One example of resources available in the radio frame 200 is set forth in Table 1.

Table 1

Each nUE may determine an aggregation level of the PRA. The aggregation level of the PRA of each nUE may be consistent throughout one subframe. An associated wUE may do blind detection on one subchannel to try different aggregation levels. In general, blind detection may be used when multiple UEs in a coverage region share a common resource. Accordingly, each UE may blindly detect in that resource its own control or data information, for example, by decoding all of the information to obtain the information meant for the particular wUE. After detecting the aggregation level, the wUE can employ the same PRA aggregation level for detecting the other channels.

Referring again to Figure 1, the Xu-a and Xu-b interfaces represent interfaces of various PANs. Challenges for such networks (or any uncoordinated underlay networks) may include: collision between uplink transmissions (for example, from wUEs 120 to nUE 110) and downlink transmissions (for example, from nUE 110 to wUEs 120) within a PAN (or closed-access cell in the underlay network) causing, for example, inter-wUE interference; collision among PANs (or closed-access cells in the underlay network); fast power control and link adaptation; multi-user multiplexing within each PAN (or closed- access cell); and timely reception of acknowledgment feedback.

Various embodiments described herein provide subframe structures that address the above issues at least in part. The subframe structures of the embodiments may facilitate a master node's (for example, nUE's) scheduling and managing of a PAN and may include:

physical channels or communication instances/elements to coordinate transmission direction (for example, uplink or downlink transmission directions) within the PAN; physical channels or communication instances/elements to coordinate resource allocation among the PAN; physical channels or communication instances/elements for radio resource management ("RRM") measurement ; physical channels or communication instances/elements for reception acknowledgment; or physical channels or communication instances/elements for a slave node (for example, wUE) to request to be scheduled for transmission.

Figure 3 illustrates structures of subframes in accordance with some embodiments. In particular, Figure 3(a) illustrates a downlink subframe 310 and Figure 3(b) illustrates an uplink subframe 350 in accordance with some embodiments.

The downlink subframe 310 may include a number of physical channels including, but not limited to: DL/UL control channel ("CC") 315; a resource acquisition ("RA") channel 320; a resource acquisition response ("RAR") channel 325; a data channel 330; and an acknowledgment ("ACK") channel 335. Each of the physical channels may be separated by a guard period ("GP") 340, for example, GPs 1-5 shown in Figure 3(a). A guard period may be provided to accommodate time for a DL/UL switch, demodulation and decoding, and round trip propagation time.

The uplink subframe structure 350 may include physical channels similar to those introduced above with respect to the downlink subframe 310. For example, the physical channels of the uplink subframe structure 350 may include, but are not limited to: DL/UL control channel 355; an RA channel 360; an RAR channel 365; a data channel 370; and an ACK channel 375. Each of the physical channels may be separated by a GP 380, for example, GPs 1-5 shown in Figure 3(b).

The DL/UL control channel, for example, the DL/UL control channel 315 or the DL/UL control channel 355, may be used to convey a DL/UL control signal from the nUE 110 to the wUEs 120 that indicates a transmission direction of the subframe. For example, the DL/UL control channel 315 may include a DL/UL control signal to indicate that the downlink subframe 310 has a downlink transmission direction, for example, a

transmission direction from the nUE 110 to a wUE 120. For another example, the DL/UL control channel 355 may include a DL/UL control signal to indicate that the uplink subframe 350 has an uplink transmission direction, for example, a transmission direction from a wUE 120 to the nUE 110. In some embodiments, a wUE having an interface with the nUE 110 may be considered to be a proxy of the nUE 110 for inter- wUE communications over an Xu-b interface for purposes of determining uplink and downlink transmission directions. For example, a downlink transmission may be from wUE 120b to wUE 120c and an uplink transmission may be from wUE 120c to wUE 120b.

The RA channel, for example, RA channel 320 or RA channel 360, may be used to convey an RA control signal by a transmitter of a subframe. A transmitter of the subframe, as used herein, may refer to the nUE 110 (or its proxy) if the subframe is a DL subframe, for example, the DL subframe 310, and may refer to a wUE if the subframe is an UL subframe, for example, the UL subframe 350. The RA control signal may be used by the transmitter to acquire a PRB in, for example, time, frequency, or space.

The RAR channel may be used to convey an RAR control signal by a receiver of the subframe. The receiver of the subframe, as used herein, may refer to a wUE if the subframe is a DL subframe, for example the DL subframe 310, and may refer to the nUE 110 (or its proxy) if the subframe is an UL subframe, for example, the UL subframe 350. The RAR control signal may be used by the receiver to acknowledge reception of the RA control signal in the RA channel.

The data channel, for example, data channel 330 or data channel 370, may be used to convey user-plane or control-plane data by a transmitter of the subframe. For example, the data channel 330 may be used to convey user-plane or control-plane data from the nUE 110 (or its proxy) to a wUE; and the data channel 370 may be used to convey user-plane or control-plane data from a wUE 120 to the nUE 110 or is proxy.

The acknowledgment channel, for example, ACK channel 335 or ACK channel 375, may be used to convey an ACK control signal by a receiver of the subframe. The ACK control signal may include a positive acknowledgment ("ACK") to indicate a successful receipt of the subframe or a negative acknowledgment ("NACK") to indicate an unsuccessful receipt of the subframe.

In some embodiments, a scheduling request ("SR") channel may be used to convey an SR control signal from a wUE 120 to the nUE (or its proxy) to request resource allocation for an uplink transmission. The SR channel may be multiplexed with one of the above- described physical channels. For example, in some embodiments an SR channel may be multiplexed with an RA channel, an RAR channel, or an ACK channel.

Table 2 illustrates contents of physical channels in accordance with some embodiments. Physical Channel Content Payload

DL/UL Control Channel 1 bit DL/UL indication, 9 bits repetition 10 bits

(CRC embedded)

Scrambled by 10 bits wUE temp ID

DL RA (nUE^wUE) NDI (1 bit), repetition 9 times (CRC 10 bits

Subframe embedded)

Scrambled by 10 bits wUE temp ID

RAR MCS (4 bits), DL PHR (2 bits), CRC (4 bits) 10 bits

(wUE^nUE) Scrambled by 10 bits wUE temp ID

UL RA (wUE^nUE) If wUE has data to transmit, all Is (10 bits); if 10 bits or

Subframe wUE has no data to transmit, then no NaN transmission (e.g.,

Scrambled by 10 bits wUE temp ID none)

RAR MCS (4 bits), UL PHR (2 bits), CRC (4 bits) 10 bits

(nUE^wUE) Scrambled by 10 bits wUE temp ID

ACK DL subframe A/N (1 bit: 1 for ACK; 0 for NACK, 10 bits or

(wUE^nUE) repetition up to 6 bits CRC embedded), BSR NaN

(4 bits)

Scrambled by wUE temp ID (10 bits)

Do not transmit in case of NACK and no

BSR

UL subframe A/N (l bit, 10 repetition) 10 bits or (nUE^wUE) Scrambled by wUE temp ID (10 bits) NaN

Do not transmit in case of NACK

SR channe wUE ID (10 bits), BSR (4 bits), CRC (4 bits) 18 bits

Scrambled by 10 bits nUE ID

Table 2

As shown in Table 2, a DL/UL control signal may include one bit that provides the DL/UL indication. The one bit may be repeated nine times to provide a 10-bit payload. A cyclic redundancy check ("CRC") may be embedded in the DL/UL control signal, which may then be scrambled by 10 bits that correspond to a temporary identity of the wUE ("wUE temp ID") with which the nUE will communicate with by the subframe. In some embodiments, the wUE temp ID may be an identifier generated from the media access control address of the wUE. The wUE temp ID may be used to identify the wUE during intra-PAN communications.

The RA control signal, of a DL subframe, may include a new data indicator ("NDI"), which may be one bit that indicates to a wUE 120 that the nUE 110 is to transmit new data. The one bit may be repeated nine times to provide a 10-bit payload. A CRC may be embedded in the RA control signal, which may then be scrambled by 10 bits that correspond to a temporary identity of the wUE to which the new data as directed.

In some embodiments, the RA control signal may also include a hybrid automatic repeat request ("HARQ") process index, a redundancy version, etc.

In some embodiments, the RA control signal may also carry a reference signal that may be used for RRM operations such as scheduling, link adaptation, data demodulation, power control, handoff, etc. For example, the RA control signal may include a demodulation reference signal that may be used by a receiver to assist with the demodulation of a data transmitted in a data channel. For another example, the RA control signal may include a channel state information reference signal that may be used by a receiver to measure channel state, which may serve as a basis for link adaptation.

The RAR control signal of a DL subframe may be transmitted by a wUE 120 and may indicate which modulation and coding scheme ("MCS") the nUE 110 should use in downlink transmissions. The RAR control signal may also provide a downlink power headroom report ("PHR") to indicate a difference between a transmission power of the RA and the power needed to support the selected MCS. This may be used by the nUE 110 to adjust power of the downlink transmissions. The MCS and the DL PHR may be determined by the wUE 120 based on the reference signal transmitted in the RA control signal. In some embodiments, the RAR control signal of the DL subframe may further include a CRC. As shown in Table 2, the RAR control signal of the DL subframe may be 10 bits, with four bits for the MCS, two bits for the DL PHR, and four bits for the CRC. The 10 bits of the RAR control signal of the DL subframe may be scrambled by the temporary identity of the wUE 120.

The RA control signal of a UL subframe may be transmitted by a wUE 120 to provide an indication to the nUE 110 that the wUE 120 has data to transmit. If the wUE 120 has data to transmit, the RA control signal may include 10 bits set to "1," which may be scrambled by the temporary identity of the wUE 120. In some embodiments, the RA control signal may further include one or more reference signals such as those described above with respect to the RA control signal of the DL subframe. The RAR control signal of a UL subframe may be transmitted by the nUE 110 to acknowledge successful receipt of the RA control signal. In some embodiments, the RAR control signal may additionally/alternatively carry transmission scheduling information for scheduling a transmission power and rate of a subframe. For example, in some

embodiments, the RAR control signal may indicate which MCS the wUE should use in uplink transmissions and may further indicate a UL PHR to indicate a difference between a transmission power of the RA and the power needed to support the selected MCS. The MCS and the PHR may be determined by the nUE 110 based on the reference signal of the RA control signal of the UL subframe. In some embodiments, the RAR control signal of the UL subframe may further include a CRC. As shown in Table 2, the RAR control signal of the UL subframe may be ten bits, with four bits for the MCS, two bits for the UL PHR, and four bits for the CRC. The ten bits of the RAR control signal of the UL subframe may be scrambled by the temporary identity of the wUE 120.

The ACK control signal of a DL subframe may be transmitted by the wUE 120 to either positively or negatively acknowledge receipt of a data transmission from a wUE 120. In some embodiments, the ACK control signal of the DL subframe may include one bit that is, for example, set to "1" to indicate a positive acknowledgment ("ACK") and "0" to indicate a negative acknowledgment ("NACK"). The one bit may be repeated five times, with the resulting six bit sequence including an embedded CRC. In some embodiments, the ACK control signal of the DL subframe may further include a buffer status report

("BSR") that provides an indication of a size level of a transmit buffer of the wUE 120, for example, TX/RX buffer 736 in Figure 7.

The BSR, which may only be transmitted in a control PRA (for example, a PRA that carries a control-plane packet), may be an opportunistic BSR that is transmitted with the ACK control signal for DL transmission in case the wUE 120 has UL data to be transmitted.

In some embodiments, a BSR index, which may be represented by four bits, may correspond to the buffer size values as shown in Table 3.

4 150 <BS<= 375

5 375 <BS<= 922

6 922 <BS<= 1822

7 1822 <BS<= 3822

8 3822 <BS<= 6074

9 6074 <BS<= 13,888

10 13,888 <BS<= 31,752

11 31,752 <BS<= 72,598

12 72,598 <BS<= 165,989

13 165,989 <BS<= 573,866

14 573,866 <BS<= 3,000,000

15 BS>3,000,000

Table 3

The ten-bit ACK control signal of the DL subframe may be scrambled by the temporary identity of the wUE 120.

If a wUE 120 does not correctly receive a data transmission and it does not have a BSR to send, it may not send an ACK control signal in the DL subframe. In these situations, the nUE 110 may interpret a non-receipt of an acknowledgment control signal as a NACK. In some embodiments, if a probability of false alarm or missed detection becomes excessively high, other mechanisms may be used such as, for example, requiring explicit transmission of a negative acknowledgment.

The ACK control signal of a UL subframe may be transmitted by the nUE 110 to either positively or negatively acknowledge receipt of the data transmission from a wUE 120. In some embodiments, the ACK control signal of the UL subframe may include one bit that is, for example, set to "1" to indicate a positive acknowledgment. The one bit may be repeated nine times to provide a 10-bit sequence. The 10-bit sequence may be scrambled by the temporary identity of the wUE 120. In some embodiments, the ACK control signal of the UL subframe may not be transmitted for a negative acknowledgment. In these situations, the wUE 120 may interpret a non-receipt of an acknowledgment control signal as a NACK.

In some embodiments, the ACK control signal may use either repetition or CRC for robustness. In some embodiments, a BSR may be transmitted in an UL subframe by piggybacking the BSR with control-plane or user-plane data in a MAC protocol data unit transmitted in a control PRA.

The SR control signal may be sent by a wUE 120 to request resource allocation for an uplink transmission. In some embodiments, the SR control signal may include 10 bits to represent the temporary identity of the wUE 120, four bits for a BSR, and four bits for a CRC. The 18 bits of the SR control signal may be scrambled by the temporary identity of the wUE 120.

Figure 4 illustrates downlink signaling subframes 400 for a PAN in accordance with some embodiments. In this embodiment, the DL/UL control channel may be wUE specific, similar to described above with respect to Table 2. For example, the nUE 110 may transmit the DL/UL control channel for each wUE of a PAN, noted as PAN # 1 in Figure 4, over the resources that it intends to acquire for the wUEs.

The downlink signaling subframes 400 include, in particular, PRB 410, PRB 420, PRB 430, and PRB 440. In this embodiment, the nUE 110 may have determined two PRBs are desired for communicating downlink data to wUE #1 (thus, a PRA for wUE #1 is equal to two PRBs); and one PRB is desired for communicating downlink data to each of wUE #2 and wUE #3. Thus, the nUE 110 may provide a DL/UL control signal scrambled by a temporary identity of wUE #1 in the DL/UL control channel of both PRB 410 and PRB 420; a DL/UL control signal scrambled by a temporary identity of wUE #2 in the DL/UL control channel of PRB 430; and a DL/UL control signal scrambled by a temporary identity of wUE #3 in the DL/UL control channel of PRB 440.

Each of the wUEs may attempt to decode the DL/UL channel in each PRB of the PAN #1 using their respective temporary identities. The wUE #1 may successfully decode the DL/UL channel in both PRBs 410 and 420 and may unsuccessfully decode the DL/UL channel in PRBs 430 and 440; wUE #2 may successfully decode the DL/UL channel and PRB 430 and may unsuccessfully decode the DL/UL channels in PRBs 410, 420, and 440; and wUE #3 may successfully decode the DL/UL channel and PRB 440 and may unsuccessfully decode the DL/UL channels in PRBs 410, 420, and 430. In this manner, each of the wUEs may be able to determine which PRAs have their information.

Figure 5 illustrates downlink signaling subframes 500 for a PAN in accordance with some embodiments. In this embodiment, the DL/UL control channel may be PAN specific. For example, the nUE 110 may scramble a DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of the nUE 110. Thus, the DL/UL control channel may be common to all the wUEs of PAN # 1. The nUE 110 may broadcast the DL/UL control signal in the DL/UL control channels of all of the resources that it intends to acquire for the PAN #1. For example, the same DL/UL control signal may be sent in the DL/UL control channels of PRBs 510, 520, 530, and 540. The resource acquisition of each of the wUEs within PAN #1 may then be done with the RA and RAR channels, which may be wUE specific.

For example, all wUEs of the PAN #1 may determine that PRBs 510, 520, 530, and 540 are to be used as downlink subframes by receiving and successfully decoding the UL/DL control signal in the different UL/DL control channels. However, at that point the wUEs may still not know which, if any, PRBs will include information directed to the different wUEs. That determination may occur upon decoding the RA channels of the respective PRAs. For example, wUE #1 may successfully decode the RA channel in both PRBs 510 and 520 and may unsuccessfully decode the RA channel in PRBs 430 and 440; wUE #2 may successfully decode the RA channel and PRB 430 and may unsuccessfully decode the RA channels in PRBs 410, 420, and 440; and wUE #3 may successfully decode the RA channel in PRB 440 and may unsuccessfully decode the RA channels in PRBs 410, 420, and 430. At that point, each of the wUEs may be able to determine which PRBs have their information.

In some embodiments, the DL/UL control channel may be PAN specific in the uplink as well. In this embodiment, the nUE 110 may receive the DL/UL control signal in one or more PRBs that a wUE wishes to utilize. The nUE 110 may decode the DL/UL control signal using the temporary identity of the nUE 110. At this point, the nUE 110 may not know which of the wUEs in the PAN intend to send uplink data. However, the nUE 110 may attempt to decode the RA control signal in the RA channel using the different temporary identities. When the RA control signal is successfully decoded, the nUE 110 may determine which wUE intends to send the uplink information.

Figure 6 illustrates downlink signaling subframes 600 for two PANs in accordance with some embodiments. In this embodiment, the nUE 110 may only transmit a PAN- specific DL/UL control signal in a first PRB of a continuous assignment resource block that it intends to acquire for a PAN. For example, nUE #1 may transmit a DL/UL control signal in a DL/UL control channel of PRB 610 and nUE #2 may transmit a DL/UL control signal in a DL/UL control channel PRB 650. Each of the DL/UL control signals may be scrambled with temporary identities of the respective nUEs.

When a wUE detects a PRB carrying DL/UL control information transmitted from a desired nUE, the wUE may then determine a size of a contiguous resource block by detecting the following PRBs to a point that collision is detected (for example, a point when the wUE cannot detect the DL/UL control channel). For example, the wUEs of PAN #1 may decode the DL/UL control signal in the DL/UL control channel of PRB 610 using the temporary identity of nUE #1 and may detect a collision in PRB 650 at a point in which they cannot successfully decode the DL/UL control signal in the DL/UL control channel of PRB 650 with the temporary identity of nUE #1.

The resource acquisition of each of the wUEs within the PAN #1 may then be done by the RA and RAR channels within the contiguous resource block indicated by the DL/UL control channel. This may be done similar to that which is described above with respect to Figure 5.

In some embodiments, various mechanisms may be used in order to reduce a search space size and detection effort of the wUE. In a first example, an nUE may acquire a continuous chunk of PRBs from an eNB. The nUE may then map an index of the first PRB acquired by the nUE to a wUE temp ID (in case of wUE-specified DL/UL control channel) or nUE temp ID (in case of PAN-specific DL/UL control channel). Knowing the nUE temporary ID or its own temporary ID would allow the wUE to locate a first PRB of a resource allocation it can start to detect. The wUE may then start decoding the DL/UL channel until a decoding failure happens. In this way, the wUE does not need to detect over the whole bandwidth.

Figure 7 illustrates a wUE 702 and a nUE 704 in accordance with some embodiments. The wUE 702 may be similar to, and substantially interchangeable with, any of the wUEs 120 of Figure 1, and the nUE 704 may be similar to, and substantially interchangeable with, nUE 110 of Figure 1.

The wUE 702 may include platform circuitry 706 coupled with communication circuitry 708. The platform circuitry 706 may include circuitry to perform various operations provided by the wUE 702. In some embodiments, the platform circuitry 706 may include memory /storage circuitry 710, processor/control circuitry 712, a display 714, camera 716, sensor 718, and/or input/output ("I/O") interface 720.

As used herein, the term "circuitry" may refer to, be part of, or include any combination of integrated circuits (for example, a field-programmable gate array ("FPGA") an application specific integrated circuit ("ASIC"), etc.), discrete circuits, combinational logic circuits, system on a chip, SOC, system in a package, SiP, that provides

the described functionality. In some embodiments, the circuitry may execute one or more software or firmware modules to provide the described functions. In some embodiments, circuitry may include logic, at least partially operable in hardware.

The memory /storage circuitry 710 may include any type of computer memory devices used to store data or programs on a temporary or permanent basis for use by one or more components of the wUE 702. The memory /storage circuitry 710 may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (for example, dynamic random access memory such as double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory, static random access memory, etc.), read-only memory (for example, mask read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, etc.), nonvolatile random access memory (for example, flash memory, solid-state storage, etc.).

The processor/control circuitry 712 may include any type of computing circuitry designed to perform arithmetic, logical, control, or input/output operations to support operations provided by the wUE 702. The processor/control circuitry 712 may include, for example, the central processing unit to execute program code, an application-specific instruction set processor, a graphics processing unit, a physics processing unit, a digital signal processor, an image processor, a floating-point unit, a microcontroller, and a hardware accelerator. The display 714 may be any component to output visual information for a user. The display 714 may be, but is not limited to, a light-emitting diode display, an organic light- emitting display, a liquid crystal display, a sapphire crystal display, and

electroluminescent display, a projection display, etc. In some embodiments, the display 714 may be a touchscreen display.

The camera 716 may include components to provide one or more still or video camera modules. The components may include, for example, lenses, lens assemblies, image sensors (for example, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor ("CMOS") sensor), and optical image stabilization components.

The sensor 718 may include one or more sensors to detect environmental conditions. In some embodiments the sensor 718 may include micro-electromechanical sensor (MEMS) technologies. The sensor 718 may include, but is not limited to, an accelerometer, a barometric sensor, an electronic compass, a motion sensor, a gyroscopic sensor, a temperature sensor, a proximity sensor, an ambient light sensor, a magnetometer, and a pressure sensor (integrated with the display 714 to provide a pressure-sensitive display, for example). The I/O interface 720 may include components adapted to receive information from, or provide information to, a user or peripheral device. The I/O interface 720 may include, for example, a user interface (which may be integrated with the display 714 when the display includes a touchscreen display), a computer bus and power connector port to interface with any variation of a universal serial bus ("USB")/proprietary connector, jacks (for example, headphone jack), touch ID fingerprint scanner, etc.

The communication circuitry 708 may include one or more radio modules that are to communicatively couple the wUE with other devices over one or more wireless networks. The communication circuitry 708 is shown with a cellular modem 722 to communicatively couple the wUE 702 with one or more devices of a cellular network (for example, an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network ("EUTRAN")) and a PAN modem 724 to communicatively couple the wUE 702 with one or more devices of a PAN. In some embodiments, the PAN modem may be a short-range radio, for example, a Bluetooth® radio, a wireless local area network radio, or a fifth generation new radio (5G NR). In some embodiments, the wUE 702 may include more or less radios. For example, in some embodiments the wUE 702 may not include the cellular modem 722.

The PAN modem 724 may include a transmit/receive chain that includes a signal circuitry 728, CRC circuitry 730, encode/decode ("E/D") circuitry 732, and rate matcher 734. The signal circuitry 728 may also be coupled with a transmit/receive ("TX/RX") buffer 736. Briefly, when the PAN modem 724 is transmitting to the nUE 704, the signal circuitry 728 may construct a control/data signal that is to be transmitted in a corresponding control/data channel. For example, the signal circuitry 728 may determine the TX/RX buffer includes data to transmit to the nUE. Thus, the signal circuitry 728 may construct an RA control signal with one or more bits to provide an indication that the wUE 702 has data to transmit to the nUE 704. The signal constructor 728 may construct an RAR control signal, an ACK control signal, an SR control signal, and a data signal as situationally appropriate as described herein.

The CRC circuitry 730 may generate a CRC code including, for example, one or more CRC bits, based on the bit sequence of the signal provided by the signal constructor and add the CRC code to the bit sequence. The resulting bit sequence may be provided to the E/D circuitry 732 for encoding of the bit sequence. The encoding of the bit sequence may include scrambling the bit sequence with a temporary identity of the wUE 702 or nUE 704. The rate matcher 734 may match the number of bits and a transport block to a number of bits that can be transmitted in a given allocation. In various embodiments, the rate matching performed by the rate matcher 734 may include transmit rate-matching operations related to sub-block interleaving, bit collection, and pruning.

When the PAN modem 724 is receiving from the nUE 704 the components of the transmit/receive chain may act in a complementary manner. For example, the rate matcher 734 may perform receive rate matching operations related to sub-block interleaving, bit collection, and pruning to provide an encoded bit sequence to the E/D circuitry 732. The E/D circuitry 732 may decode the encoded bit sequence, which may include descrambling the bit sequence with a temporary identity of the wUE 702 or the nUE 704. The decoded/descrambled bit sequence may be provided to the CRC circuitry 730, which may check the CRC bits to determine whether the signal was correctly received and decoded. If the signal was correctly received, the signal circuitry 728 may deconstruct the signal to receive the control information or data transmitted by the control/data signal.

The nUE 704 may include platform circuitry 738 coupled with communication circuitry 740. The platform circuitry 738 may include memory /storage circuitry 742,

processor/control circuitry 744, display 746, camera 748, sensor 750, and I/O interface 752. The components of platform circuitry 738 may be similar to those described above with respect to platform circuitry 706.

The communication circuitry 740 may include cellular modem 754 and PAN modem 756. The PAN modem 756 may include a transmit/receive chain including a signal circuitry 758, the CRC circuitry 760, and E/D circuitry 762, and a rate matcher 764. The signal circuitry 758 may be further coupled with a TX/RX buffer 766.

The components of the PAN modem 756 may be similar to those described above with respect to PAN modem 724.

Figure 8 illustrates an example operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 of a wUE according to some embodiments. In various embodiments, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 may be executed by a wUE (for example, wUE 120 or wUE 702) or one or more components incorporated into a wUE (for example, PAN modem 724).

The operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 804, detecting a DL/UL control signal. The DL/UL control signal, which may be in a DL/UL control channel of the subframe, may include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe. In some embodiments, the detecting of the DL/UL control signal may include a blind decoding operation (by E/D circuitry 732, for example) in which the wUE attempts to descramble a plurality of DL/UL control signals in a respective plurality of DL/UL control channels with a temporary identity of, for example, the wUE or an nUE with which the wUE is communicatively coupled, for example, the nUE that provides the PAN in which the wUE operates. The DL/UL control signals that are successfully descrambled may be detected.

In some embodiments, the detection of the DL/UL control signal may also include a check of the CRC code (by CRC circuitry 730, for example) to determine that the DL/UL control signal was received correctly by the wUE.

Upon detection of the DL/UL control signal at 804, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 808, determining (by signal circuitry 728, for example) whether the subframe is an uplink subframe or a downlink subframe. The DL/UL control signal may include a value, for example, 1 bit DL/UL indication, that indicates whether the subframe is an uplink or downlink subframe.

If it is determined, at 808, that the subframe is an uplink subframe, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 812, providing (by signal circuitry 728, for example) an RA control signal for transmission to the nUE to acquire a physical resource block. In some embodiments, the RA control signal, which may be provided in an RA control channel, may provide an indication that the wUE that is to transmit the RA control signal has data to upload to the nUE. In some embodiments, the wUE may also provide an SR control signal, with a BSR, in the RA channel in addition, or as an alternative, to the RA control signal.

In some embodiments, the providing of the RA control signal may include scrambling (by E/D circuitry 732, for example) a bit sequence with a wUE temporary identity. In some embodiments, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 may then include causing transmission of the RA control signal to an nUE.

In embodiments in which the operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 is implemented by a component of a wUE, for example, by PAN modem 724, transmission of the RA control signal may include one or more subsequent processing operations by other components of a wUE in order to effectuate the transmission of the RA control signal over the air. For example, as will be described in further detail below, baseband circuitry may provide an RA signal as a baseband signal, which may be upconverted to a radio frequency ("RF") signal upon which various RF processing operations may be performed by RF circuitry and front-end module (FEM) circuitry prior to an over-the-air transmission by one or more antennas. Thus, a device/component may cause transmission of control/data signals discussed herein by generating a baseband signal to include the control/data signals and providing the baseband signal to other components of a device that perform other operations prior to transmission OTA.

The operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 816, detecting an RAR control signal. The RAR control signal may be transmitted by the nUE to acknowledge that the nUE has received the RA control signal sent at 812. The RAR control signal may also include MCS/UL PHR feedback. The detection of the RAR control signal may include descrambling (by E/D circuitry 732, for example) the RAR control signal with the wUE temp ID and checking (by CRC circuitry 730, for example) a CRC code to determine that the RAR control signal was received correctly by the wUE. Upon detection of the RAR control signal at 816, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 820, providing (by signal circuitry 728, for example) user- plane or control-plane data for transmission. The user-plane or control-plane data may be provided in the data channel. The user-plane or control-plane data may be processed through the transmit chain based on the MCS/UL PHR feedback provided in the RAR control signal. The user-plane or control-plane data may be transmitted to the nUE.

If, at 808, it is determined that the subframe is a downlink subframe, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 824, detecting an RA control signal. The RA control signal may be received from an nUE. In some embodiments, the detection of the RA control signal may include descrambling (by E/D circuitry 732, for example) the RA control signal with a wUE temp ID and checking (by CRC circuitry 730, for example) a CRC code to determine that the RA control signal was received correctly by the wUE. In some embodiments, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 may further include decoding (by E/D circuitry 732, for example) the RA control signal from the nUE to detect a new data indicator to determine whether the nUE has data to transmit to the wUE.

Upon detecting the RA control signal at 824, the operational flow/algorithmic structure 800 may further include providing (by signal circuitry 728, for example) an RAR control signal at 828. The RAR control signal, which may be provided in an RAR control channel, may acknowledge successful receipt of the RA signal detected at 824. In some

embodiments, the RAR control signal may include MCS and UL PHR information. In some embodiments, the wUE may also provide an SR control signal, with a BSR, in the RAR channel in addition, or as an alternative, to the RAR control signal.

The operational flow/algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 832, detecting user- plane or control-plane data. The user-plane or control-plane data may be transmitted from the nUE in a data channel. The detecting of the user-plane or control-plane data may include descrambling (by E/D circuitry 732, for example) the data with a wUE temporary ID and checking (by CRC circuitry 730, for example) the CRC code to determine whether the data was properly received and decoded.

The operational flow/algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 836, providing (by signal circuitry 728, for example) an ACK for transmission. The ACK, which may be provided in an ACK control channel, may indicate that the wUE has successfully received the user-plane or control-plane data from the nUE. The ACK may be transmitted to the nUE.

Figure 9 illustrates an example operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 of an nUE according to some embodiments. In various embodiments, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 may be executed by an nUE (for example, nUE 110 or nUE 704) or one or more components incorporated into an nUE (for example, PAN modem 756).

The operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 904, providing (by signal circuitry 758, for example) a DL/UL control signal. The DL/UL control signal, which may be in a DL/UL control channel of the subframe, may be constructed to include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe. The DL/UL control signal may then be transmitted to a wUE.

In embodiments in which the operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 is implemented by a component of an nUE, for example, by PAN modem 756, transmission of the DL/UL control signal may include one or more subsequent processing operations by other components of an nUE in order to effectuate the transmission of the RA control signal over the air.

If the subframe is a downlink subframe, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 may further include, at 912, providing (by signal circuitry 758, for example) an RA control signal for transmission to the wUE to acquire a physical resource block. In some embodiments, the RA control signal, which may be provided in an RA control channel, may provide an indication that the nUE has data to download to the wUE. In some embodiments, the providing of the RA control signal may include scrambling (by E/D circuitry 762, for example) a bit sequence with a temporary identity of the wUE to which the data is to be transmitted. The RA control signal may be transmitted to the wUE.

The operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 may further include, at 916, detecting an RAR control signal. The RAR control signal may be transmitted by the wUE to acknowledge that the wUE has received the RA control signal sent at 912. The RAR control signal may also include MCS/DL PHR feedback. The detection of the RAR control signal may include descrambling (by E/D circuitry 762, for example) the RAR control signal with the wUE temp ID and checking (by CRC circuitry 760, for example) a CRC code to determine that the RAR control signal was received correctly by the nUE. Upon detection of the RAR control signal at 916, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 may further include, at 920, providing (by signal circuitry 758, for example) user- plane or control-plane data for transmission. The user-plane or control-plane data may be provided in the data channel. The user-plane or control-plane data may be processed through the transmit chain based on the MCS/DL PHR feedback provided in the RAR control signal. The user-plane or control-plane data may then be transmitted to the wUE. If the subframe is a downlink subframe, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 924, detecting an RA control signal. The RA control signal may be received from a wUE. In some embodiments, the detection of the RA control signal may include descrambling (by E/D circuitry 762, for example) the RA control signal with a wUE temp ID and checking (by CRC circuitry 760, for example) a CRC code to determine whether the RA control signal was received correctly by the nUE. In some embodiments, the operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 may further include decoding (by E/D circuitry 762, for example) the RA control signal from the wUE to detect a new data indicator to determine whether the wUE has data to transmit to the nUE.

Upon detecting the RA control signal at 924, the operational flow/algorithmic structure 900 may further include providing (by signal circuitry 758, for example) an RAR control signal at 928. The RAR control signal, which may be provided in an RAR control channel, may acknowledge successful receipt of the RA signal detected at 924. The RAR control signal may be transmitted to the wUE.

The operational flow/algorithmic structure 900 may further include, at 932, detecting user- plane or control-plane data. The user-plane or control-plane data may be transmitted from the wUE in a data channel. The detecting of the user-plane or control-plane data may include descrambling (by E/D circuitry 762, for example) the data with a wUE temporary ID and checking (by CRC circuitry 760, for example) CRC code to determine the data was properly received and decoded.

The operational flow/algorithmic structure 900 may further include, at 936, providing (by signal circuitry 758, for example) an ACK for transmission. The ACK, which may be provided in an ACK control channel, may indicate that the nUE has successfully received the user-plane or control-plane data. The ACK may then be transmitted to the wUE. Embodiments described herein may be implemented into a system using any

suitably configured hardware and/or software. Figure 10 illustrates, for one embodiment, example components of an electronic device 1000. In embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may be, implement, be incorporated into, or otherwise be a part of an nUE (for example, nUE 110 or nUE 704) or a wUE (for example, wUE 120 or wUE 702), and/or some other electronic device. In some embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may include application circuitry 1002, baseband circuitry 1004, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry 1006, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 1008 and one or more antennas 1100, coupled together at least as shown.

The application circuitry 1002 may include one or more application processors.

For example, the application circuitry 1002 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor(s) may include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.). The processors may be coupled with and/or may include memory /storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory /storage to enable various applications and/or operating systems to run on the system. In some embodiments, the application circuitry 1002 may be similar to, and substantially interchangeable with, platform circuitry 706 or platform circuitry 738. The baseband circuitry 1004 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry 1004 may include one or more baseband processors and/or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1006 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1006. Baseband processing circuity 1004 may interface with the application circuitry 1002 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 1006. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may include a third generation (3G) baseband processor 1004a, fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 1004b, fifth generation (5G) baseband processor 1004c, and/or other baseband processor(s) 1004d for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., sixth generation (6G), etc.).

The baseband circuitry 1004 (e.g., one or more of baseband processors 1004a-d) may handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry 1006. The radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation, encoding/decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some embodiments, modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1004 may include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, and/or constellation mapping/demapping functionality. In some embodiments, encoding/decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1004 may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, and/or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) E/D circuitry functionality.

Embodiments of modulation/demodulation and E/D circuitry functionality are not limited to these examples and may include other suitable functionality in other embodiments. In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may include elements of a

protocol stack such as, for example, elements of an EUTRAN or PAN protocol including, for example, physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), and/or radio resource control (RRC) elements. A central processing unit (CPU) 1004e of the baseband circuitry 1004 may be configured to run elements of the protocol stack for signaling of the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP and/or RRC layers. In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry may include one or more audio digital signal processor(s) (DSP) 1004f. The audio DSP(s) 1004f may be include elements for compression/decompression and echo cancellation and may include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments.

The baseband circuitry 1004 may further include memory /storage 1004g.

The memory /storage 1004g may be used to load and store data and/or instructions for operations performed by the processors of the baseband circuitry 1004. Memory /storage for one embodiment may include any combination of suitable volatile memory and/or nonvolatile memory. The memory /storage 1004g may include any combination of various levels of memory /storage including, but not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) having embedded software instructions (e.g., firmware), random access memory (e.g., dynamic random access memory (DRAM)), cache, buffers, etc. The memory /storage 1004g may be shared among the various processors or dedicated to particular processors.

Components of the baseband circuitry may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 1004 and the application circuitry 1002 may be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).

In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may provide for

communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may support communication with an EUTRAN and/or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN), etc. Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry 1004 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol may be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuitry.

In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may be similar to, and substantially interchangeable with, communication circuitry 708 or communication circuitry 740. RF circuitry 1006 may enable communication with wireless networks

using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry 1006 may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry 1006 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 1008 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 1004. RF circuitry 1006 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up- convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 1004 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 1008 for transmission.

In some embodiments, the RF circuitry 1006 may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1006 may include mixer circuitry 1006a, amplifier circuitry 1006b and filter circuitry 1006c. The transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1006 may include filter circuitry 1006c and mixer circuitry 1006a. RF circuitry 1006 may also include synthesizer circuitry 1006d for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 1006a of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006a of the receive signal path may be configured to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 1008 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 1006d. The amplifier circuitry 1006b may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 1006c may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals. Output baseband signals may be provided to the baseband circuitry 1004 for further processing. In some embodiments, the output baseband signals may be zero- frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement. In some embodiments, mixer circuitry 1006a of the receive signal path may comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006a of the transmit signal path may be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 1006d to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 1008. The baseband signals may be provided by the baseband circuitry 1004 and may be filtered by filter circuitry 1006c. The filter circuitry 1006c may include a low-pass filter (LPF), although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1006a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature downconversion and/or upconversion respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1006a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1006a may be arranged for direct downconversion and/or direct upconversion, respectively. In some

embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1006a of the transmit signal path may be configured for super-heterodyne operation. In some embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternate embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be digital baseband signals. In these alternate embodiments, the RF circuitry 1006 may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry 1004 may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 1006.

In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 1006d may be a fractional -N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry 1006d may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.

The synthesizer circuitry 1006d may be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 1006a of the RF circuitry 1006 based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 1006d may be a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer. In some embodiments, frequency input may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement. Divider control input may be provided by either the baseband circuitry 1004 or the applications processor 1002 depending on the desired output frequency. In some embodiments, a divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor 1002.

Synthesizer circuitry 1006d of the RF circuitry 1006 may include a divider, a delay- locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator. In some embodiments, the divider may be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DP A). In some embodiments, the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+l (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example embodiments, the DLL may include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop. In these embodiments, the delay elements may be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle.

In some embodiments, synthesizer circuitry 1006d may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other. In some embodiments, the output frequency may be a LO frequency (fLO). In some embodiments, the RF circuitry 1006 may include an IQ/polar converter.

FEM circuitry 1008 may include a receive signal path which may include

circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 1100, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 1006 for further processing. FEM circuitry 1008 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 1006 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 1100.

In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry 1008 may include a TX/RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. The FEM circuitry may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry may include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 1006). The transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 1008 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 1006), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 1100.

In some embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may include additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor, and/or I/O interface, such as that described above with respect to Figure 7.

In embodiments where the electronic device 1000 is, implements, is incorporated into, or is otherwise part of a wUE, baseband circuitry 1004 may perform operations associated with the wUE as described herein. For example, the baseband circuitry 1004 may execute the operation flow/algorithmic structure 800 as described in Figure 8.

In embodiments where the electronic device 1000 is, implements, is incorporated into, or otherwise part of an nUE, baseband circuitry 1004 may perform operations associated with the nUE as described herein. For example, the baseband circuitry 1004 may execute the operation flow/algorithmic structure 900 as described in Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a block diagram illustrating components, according to some

example embodiments, able to read instructions from a machine-readable or computer- readable medium (e.g., a machine-readable storage medium) and perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein (for example, the techniques described with respect to operation flow/algorithmic structures of Figures 8-9). Specifically, Figure 11 shows a diagrammatic representation of computer system 1100 including one or more processors (or processor cores) 1110, one or more computer-readable media 1120, and one or more communication resources 1130, each of which are communicatively coupled via one or more interconnects 1140.

The processors 1110 may include one or more central processing unit ("CPUs"), reduced instruction set computing ("RISC") processors, complex instruction set computing ("CISC") processors, graphics processing units ("GPUs"), digital signal processors ("DSPs") implemented as a baseband processor, for example, application specific integrated circuits ("ASICs"), radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), etc. As shown, the processors 1110 may include, a processor 1112 and a processor 1114. The computer-readable media 1 120 may be suitable for use to store instructions 1 150 that cause the computer system 1100, in response to execution of the instructions 1150 by one or more of the processors 1 110, to practice selected aspects of the present disclosure describe with respect to the wUE and the nUE. In some embodiments, the computer- readable media 1 120 may be non-transitory. As shown, computer-readable

storage medium 1120 may include instructions 1 150. The instructions 1150 may be programming instructions or computer program code configured to enable the computer system 1100, which may be implemented as the UE 108 or the server 104, in response to execution of the instructions 1150, to implement (aspects of) any of the methods or elements described throughout this disclosure related to adaptive video streaming. In some embodiments, the instructions 1150 may be configured to enable a device, in response to execution of the programming instructions 1150, to implement (aspects of) any of the methods or elements described throughout this disclosure related encoding video/audio content, recording QP information, generating manifest/metadata files, requesting and providing encoded content and metadata, etc. In some

embodiments, programming instructions 1 150 may be disposed on computer-readable media 1 150 that is transitory in nature, such as signals.

Any combination of one or more computer-usable or computer-readable media may be utilized as the computer-readable media 1 120. The computer-readable media 1120 may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, device, or propagation medium. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable media would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, RAM, ROM, an erasable programmable read-only memory (for example, EPROM, EEPROM, or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a transmission media such as those supporting the Internet or an intranet, or a magnetic storage device. Note that the computer-usable or computer-readable media could even be paper or another

suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be

electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted, or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory. In the context of this document, a computer-usable or computer-readable media may be any medium that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-usable media may include a propagated data signal with the computer-usable program code embodied therewith, either in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The computer-usable program code may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, radio frequency, etc.

Computer program code for carrying out operations of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an extemal computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).

As shown in Figure 11, the instructions 1150 may reside, completely or partially, within at least one of the processors 1110 (e.g., within the processor's cache memory), the computer-readable media 1120, or any suitable combination thereof. Furthermore, any portion of the instructions 1150 may be transferred to the hardware resources 1100 from any combination of the peripheral devices 1104 and/or the databases 1106. Accordingly, the memory of processors 1110, the peripheral devices 1104, and the databases 1106 are additional examples of computer-readable media.

The communication resources 1130 may include interconnection and/or network interface components or other suitable devices to communicate with one or more peripheral devices 1104 and/or one or more remote devices 1106 via a network 1108. For example, the communication resources 1130 may include wired communication components (e.g., for coupling via a Universal Serial Bus (USB)), cellular communication components, Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy), Wi-Fi® components, and other communication components. In some embodiments, the communication resources 1130 may include a cellular modem to communicate over a cellular network, an Ethernet controller to communicate over an Ethernet network, etc. In some embodiments, one or more components of the computer system 1100 may be included as a part of an nUE (for example, nUE 1 10 or nUE 704) or a wUE (for example, wUE 120 or wUE 702). For example, communication circuitry 708, communication circuitry 740, or baseband circuitry 1004 may include processors 11 10, computer-readable media 1 120, or communication resources 1130 to facilitate operations described above with respect to the nUE or wUE.

The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create a means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the function/act specified in the flowchart or block diagram block or blocks.

The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart or block diagram block or blocks.

Some non-limiting examples are provided below.

Example 1 may include or more computer-readable media having instructions, that, when executed, cause a wearable user equipment (wUE) to: detect a downlink/uplink ("DL/UL") control signal in a DL/UL control channel of a subframe, the DL/UL control signal to include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe; if the value indicates an uplink transmission direction, provide a resource acquisition ("RA") control signal in an RA channel of the subframe to acquire a physical resource block; if the value indicates a downlink transmission direction, provide a resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe to indicate a modulation and coding scheme or a downlink power headroom report; and cause transmission of the RA control signal or the RAR control signal to a network user equipment ("nUE") of a personal area network ("PAN").

Example 2 may include the one or more computer-readable media of example 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to descramble the DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE; and scramble the RA control signal or the RAR control signal with the temporary identity.

Example 3 may include the one or more computer-readable media of example 1, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the RA control signal is to include ten bits set to "1" to indicate the wUE has data to transmit to the nUE.

Example 4 may include the one or more computer-readable media of any one of examples 1-3, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the

instructions, when executed further cause the wUE to: detect a resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe that is to

acknowledge reception of the RA control signal by the nUE.

Example 5 may include the one or more computer-readable media of example 4, wherein the RAR control signal includes a modulation and coding scheme or an uplink

power headroom report.

Example 6 may include the one or more computer-readable media of example 4, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to descramble the RAR control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE.

Example 7 may include the one or more computer-readable media of any one of examples 1-3, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the

instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to: provide user-plane or control-plane data in a data channel of the subframe; and cause transmission of the user-plane or control- plane data to the nUE.

Example 8 may include the one or more computer-readable media of any one of examples 1-3, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to: provide a buffer status report in a scheduling request ("SR") channel; and cause transmission of the buffer status report to the nUE. Example 9 may include the one or more computer-readable media of example 8, wherein the SR channel is multiplexed with an RA channel, an RAR channel, or an

acknowledgment channel.

Example 10 may include the one or more computer-readable media of any one of examples 1-3, wherein the value indicates a downlink transmission direction and the instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to: detect RA control signal in the RA channel from the nUE; and provide the RAR control signal based on the detected RA control signal.

Example 11 may include a network user equipment ("nUE") comprising: a cellular modem to communicatively couple the nUE with a cellular network; and a personal area network ("PAN") modem to: provide a downlink/uplink ("DL/UL") control signal in a DL/UL control channel of a subframe, the DL/UL control channel to include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe; if the value indicates an uplink transmission direction, provide resource acquisition response

("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe to indicate a modulation and coding scheme or an uplink power headroom report; if the value indicates a downlink transmission direction, provide resource acquisition ("RA") control signal in an RA channel at the subframe to acquire a physical resource block; and cause transmission of the RAR control signal or the RA control signal to a wearable user equipment ("wUE") of a personal area network ("PAN").

Example 12 may include the nUE of example 11, wherein the circuitry is further to scramble the DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE or a temporary identity of the nUE; and scramble the RA control signal or the RAR control signal with the temporary identity of the wUE.

Example 13 may include the nUE of example 12, wherein the PAN modem is further to: scramble the DL/UL control signal with the temporary identity of the nUE; cause transmission of the DL/UL control signal in one or all physical resource blocks ("PRBs") of the PAN.

Example 14 may include the nUE of example 11, wherein the value is to indicate a downlink transmission direction and the RA control signal is to include a new data indicator to indicate data is to be transmitted to the wUE and the PAN modem is further to: scramble the RA control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE. Example 15 may include the nUE of example 14, wherein the PAN modem is further to: detect RAR control signal in an RAR channel that is to acknowledge reception of the RA control signal by the wUE.

Example 16 may include the nUE of example 15, wherein the RAR control signal includes a modulation and coding scheme or a downlink power headroom report.

Example 17 may include the nUE of example 15 or 16, wherein the PAN modem is further to: provide user-plane or control-plane data in a data channel of the subframe; and cause transmission of the user-plane or control-plane data to the wUE.

Example 18 may include the nUE of example 17, wherein the PAN modem is further to detect a positive or negative acknowledgment in an acknowledgment channel of the subframe.

Example 19 may include the nUE of any one of examples 12-16, wherein the PAN modem is further to detect a buffer status report in a scheduling request ("SR") channel.

Example 20 may include the nUE of example 18, wherein the SR channel is multiplexed with an RA channel, and RAR channel, or an acknowledgment channel.

Example 21 may include an apparatus comprising: signal circuitry to: provide a downlink/uplink ("DL/UL") control signal in a DL/UL control channel of a subframe, the DL/UL control channel to include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe; if the value indicates an uplink transmission direction, provide resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe to indicate a modulation and coding scheme or an uplink power headroom report; if the value indicates a downlink transmission direction,

provide resource acquisition ("RA") control signal in an RA channel at the subframe to acquire a physical resource block; and encode circuitry coupled with the signal circuitry, the encode circuitry to scramble the DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of a first user equipment or a second user equipment of a personal area network.

Example 22 may include the apparatus of example 21, wherein the encoder is further to scramble the DL/UL control signal with the temporary identity of the network user equipment and the network user equipment is to transmit the DL/UL control signal in one or all physical resource blocks ("PRBs") of the personal area network.

Example 23 may include the apparatus of example 21 or 22, wherein the signal circuitry is further to provide user-plane or control-plane data in a data channel of the subframe. Example 24 may include the apparatus of example 21 or 22, further comprising cyclic redundancy check ("CRC") circuitry to generate CRC code based on a bit stream provided by the signal circuitry or check CRC code in bitstream provided by a decoder .

Example 25 may include the apparatus of example 21 or 22, wherein the signal circuitry and the encoder are included in a personal area network modem.

Example 26 may include an apparatus comprising: decode circuitry to decode a downlink/uplink ("DL/UL") control signal transmitted in a DL/UL control channel of a subframe, the DL/UL control signal to include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe; and signal circuitry to provide a resource acquisition ("RA") control signal in an RA channel of the subframe to acquire a physical resource block if the value indicates an uplink transmission direction or provide a resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe to indicate a modulation and coding scheme or a downlink power headroom report if the value indicates a downlink transmission direction.

Example 27 may include the apparatus of example 26, wherein the decode circuitry is to descramble the DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE; and the apparatus further comprises encode circuitry to scramble the RA control signal or the RAR control signal with the temporary identity.

Example 28 may include the apparatus of example 26, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the RA control signal is to include ten bits set to "1" to indicate the apparatus has data to transmit to a network user equipment.

Example 29 may include the apparatus of any one of examples 26-28, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the signal circuitry is to process a resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal transmitted in an RAR channel of the subframe, the RAR control signal to acknowledge reception of the RA

control signal by the nUE.

Example 30 may include the apparatus of example 29, wherein the RAR control signal includes a modulation and coding scheme or an uplink power headroom report.

Example 31 may include the apparatus of example 29, wherein the decode circuitry is to descramble the RAR control signal with a temporary identity of a wearable user equipment that incorporates the apparatus.

Example 32 may include the apparatus of any one of examples 26-28, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the signal circuitry is further to provide user-plane or control-plane data in a data channel of the subframe; and cause transmission of the user-plane or control-plane data to the nUE.

Example 33 may include the apparatus of any one of examples 26-28, wherein the signal circuitry is further to provide a buffer status report in a scheduling request ("SR") channel of the subframe.

Example 34 may include the apparatus of example 33, wherein the SR channel is multiplexed with an RA channel, an RAR channel, or an acknowledgment channel. Example 35 may include a method comprising: detecting a downlink/uplink ("DL/UL") control signal in a DL/UL control channel of a subframe, the DL/UL control signal to include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe; if the value indicates an uplink transmission direction, providing a resource acquisition ("RA") control signal in an RA channel of the subframe to acquire a physical resource block; if the value indicates a downlink transmission direction,

providing a resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe to indicate a modulation and coding scheme or a downlink power headroom report; and causing transmission of the RA control signal or the RAR control signal to a network user equipment ("nUE") of a personal area network ("PAN").

Example 36 may include the method of example 35, further comprising descrambling the DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE; and scrambling the RA control signal or the RAR control signal with the temporary identity.

Example 37 may include the method of example 35 or 36, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the RA control signal is to include ten bits set to "1" to indicate the wUE has data to transmit to the nUE.

Example 38 may include the method of any one of examples 35-37, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the method further comprises detecting a resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe that is to acknowledge reception of the RA control signal by the nUE.

Example 39 may include the method of example 38, wherein the RAR control signal includes a modulation and coding scheme or an uplink power headroom report.

Example 40 may include the method of example 38 or 39, further comprising the descrambling the RAR control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE.

Example 41 may include the method of any one of examples 35-40, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the method further comprises: providing user-plane or control-plane data in a data channel of the subframe; and causing transmission of the user-plane or control-plane data to the nUE.

Example 42 may include the method of any one of examples 35-41, further comprising: providing a buffer status report in a scheduling request ("SR") channel; and causing transmission of the buffer status report to the nUE.

Example 43 may include the method of example 42, wherein the SR

channel is multiplexed with an RA channel, an RAR channel, or an acknowledgment channel.

Example 44 may include the method of any one of examples 35 or 36, wherein the value indicates a downlink transmission direction and the method further comprises: detecting an RA control signal in the RA channel from the nUE; and providing the RAR control signal based on the detected RA control signal.

Example 45 may include a method comprising: providing a downlink/uplink ("DL/UL") control signal in a DL/UL control channel of a subframe, the DL/UL control channel to include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe; if the value indicates an uplink transmission direction,

providing resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe to indicate a modulation and coding scheme or an uplink power headroom report; if the value indicates a downlink transmission

direction, providing resource acquisition ("RA") control signal in an RA channel at the subframe to acquire a physical resource block; and causing transmission of the RAR control signal or the RA control signal to a user equipment of a personal area network ("PAN").

Example 46 may include the method of example 45, further comprising scrambling the DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of the user equipment or a temporary identity of an apparatus performing the method; and scrambling the RA control signal or the RAR control signal with the temporary identity of the user equipment.

Example 47 may include the method of example 46, further comprising: scrambling the DL/UL control signal with the temporary identity of the apparatus performing

the method; and causing transmission of the DL/UL control signal in one or

all physical resource blocks ("PRBs") of the PAN.

Example 48 may include the method of any one of examples 45-47, wherein the value is to indicate a downlink transmission direction and the RA control signal is to include a new data indicator to indicate data is to be transmitted to the wUE and the method further comprises: scrambling the RA control signal with a temporary identity of the user equipment.

Example 49 may include the method of example 48, further comprising detecting an RAR control signal in an RAR channel that is to acknowledge reception of the RA control signal by the wUE.

Example 50 may include the method of example 49, wherein the RAR control signal includes a modulation and coding scheme or a downlink power headroom report.

Example 51 may include the method of any one of examples 45-49, further

comprising: providing user-plane or control-plane data in a data channel of the subframe; and causing transmission of the user-plane or control-plane data to the wUE. Example 52 may include the method of example 51 , further comprising detecting a positive or negative acknowledgment in an acknowledgment channel of the subframe. Example 53 may include the method of any one of examples 45-52, further comprising detecting a buffer status report in a scheduling request ("SR") channel.

Example 54 may include the method of example 53, wherein the SR channel is multiplexed with an RA channel, and RAR channel, or an acknowledgment channel. Example 55 may include an apparatus to perform any one of the methods of examples 35- 54.

Example 56 may include one or more computer-readable media having instructions that, when executed, cause a device to perform any one of the methods of examples 35-54

The description herein of illustrated implementations, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present disclosure to the precise forms disclosed. While specific implementations and examples are described herein for illustrative purposes, a variety of alternate or equivalent embodiments or implementations calculated to achieve the same purposes may be made in light of the above detailed description, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize.

Claims

1. One or more computer-readable media having instructions, that, when executed, cause a wearable user equipment (wUE) to:

detect a downlink/uplink ("DL/UL") control signal in a DL/UL control channel of a subframe, the DL/UL control signal to include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe;

if the value indicates an uplink transmission direction, provide a resource acquisition ("RA") control signal in an RA channel of the subframe to acquire a physical resource block;

if the value indicates a downlink transmission direction, provide a resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe to indicate a modulation and coding scheme or a downlink power headroom report; and cause transmission of the RA control signal or the RAR control signal to a network user equipment ("nUE") of a personal area network ("PAN").

2. The one or more computer-readable media of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to descramble the DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE; and scramble the RA control signal or the RAR control signal with the temporary identity.

3. The one or more computer-readable media of claim 1, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the RA control signal is to include ten bits set to "1" to indicate the wUE has data to transmit to the nUE.

4. The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the instructions, when executed further cause the wUE to:

detect a resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe that is to acknowledge reception of the RA control signal by the nUE.

5. The one or more computer-readable media of claim 4, wherein the RAR control signal includes a modulation and coding scheme or an uplink power headroom report.

6. The one or more computer-readable media of claim 4, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to descramble the RAR control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE.

7. The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the value is to indicate an uplink transmission direction and the instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to: provide user-plane or control-plane data in a data channel of the subframe; and cause transmission of the user-plane or control-plane data to the nUE.

8. The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to:

provide a buffer status report in a scheduling request ("SR") channel; and cause transmission of the buffer status report to the nUE.

9. The one or more computer-readable media of claim 8, wherein the SR channel is multiplexed with an RA channel, an RAR channel, or an acknowledgment channel.

10. The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the value indicates a downlink transmission direction and the instructions, when executed, further cause the wUE to:

detect RA control signal in the RA channel from the nUE; and

provide the RAR control signal based on the detected RA control signal.

11. A network user equipment ("nUE") comprising:

a cellular modem to communicatively couple the nUE with a cellular network; and a personal area network ("PAN") modem to:

provide a downlink/uplink ("DL/UL") control signal in a DL/UL control channel of a subframe, the DL/UL control channel to include a value to indicate an uplink or downlink transmission direction of the subframe;

if the value indicates an uplink transmission direction, provide resource acquisition response ("RAR") control signal in an RAR channel of the subframe to indicate a modulation and coding scheme or an uplink power headroom report; if the value indicates a downlink transmission direction, provide resource acquisition ("RA") control signal in an RA channel at the subframe to acquire a physical resource block; and

cause transmission of the RAR control signal or the RA control signal to a wearable user equipment ("wUE") of a personal area network ("PAN").

12. The nUE of claim 11, wherein the circuitry is further to scramble the DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE or a temporary identity of the nUE; and scramble the RA control signal or the RAR control signal with the temporary identity of the wUE.

13. The nUE of claim 12, wherein the PAN modem is further to:

scramble the DL/UL control signal with the temporary identity of the nUE; cause transmission of the DL/UL control signal in one or all physical resource blocks ("PRBs") of the PAN.

14. The nUE of claim 11, wherein the value is to indicate a downlink transmission direction and the RA control signal is to include a new data indicator to indicate data is to be transmitted to the wUE and the PAN modem is further to: scramble the RA control signal with a temporary identity of the wUE.

15. The nUE of claim 14, wherein the PAN modem is further to: detect RAR control signal in an RAR channel that is to acknowledge reception of the RA control signal by the wUE.

16. The nUE of claim 15, wherein the RAR control signal includes a modulation and coding scheme or a downlink power headroom report.

17. The nUE of claim 15 or 16, wherein the PAN modem is further to:

provide user-plane or control-plane data in a data channel of the subframe; and cause transmission of the user-plane or control-plane data to the wUE.

18. The nUE of claim 17, wherein the PAN modem is further to detect a positive or negative acknowledgment in an acknowledgment channel of the subframe.

19. The nUE of any one of claims 12-16, wherein the PAN modem is further to detect a buffer status report in a scheduling request ("SR") channel.

20. The nUE of claim 18, wherein the SR channel is multiplexed with an RA channel, and RAR channel, or an acknowledgment channel.

21. An apparatus comprising:

signal circuitry to:

encode circuitry coupled with the signal circuitry, the encode circuitry to scramble the DL/UL control signal with a temporary identity of a first user equipment or a second user equipment of a personal area network.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the encoder is further to scramble the DL/UL control signal with the temporary identity of the network user equipment and the network user equipment is to transmit the DL/UL control signal in one or all physical resource blocks ("PRBs") of the personal area network.

23. The apparatus of claim 21 or 22, wherein the signal circuitry is further to provide user- plane or control-plane data in a data channel of the subframe.

24. The apparatus of claim 21 or 22, further comprising cyclic redundancy check ("CRC") circuitry to generate CRC code based on a bit stream provided by the signal circuitry or check CRC code in bitstream provided by a decoder .

25. The apparatus of claim 21 or 22, wherein the signal circuitry and the encoder are included in a personal area network modem.