WO2017182733A1 - Device for distributing and injecting an inert gas in an aircraft fuel tank - Google Patents

Device for distributing and injecting an inert gas in an aircraft fuel tank Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017182733A1
WO2017182733A1 PCT/FR2017/050859 FR2017050859W WO2017182733A1 WO 2017182733 A1 WO2017182733 A1 WO 2017182733A1 FR 2017050859 W FR2017050859 W FR 2017050859W WO 2017182733 A1 WO2017182733 A1 WO 2017182733A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inerting
fuel tank
gas
injecting
sintered metal
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PCT/FR2017/050859
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French (fr)
Inventor
Olivier Vandroux
Julien Vialle
Pierrick MAILHET
Sylvain ROSSI
Nicolas REBUTIN
Original Assignee
Zodiac Aerotechnics
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Application filed by Zodiac Aerotechnics filed Critical Zodiac Aerotechnics
Publication of WO2017182733A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017182733A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
    • B64D37/32—Safety measures not otherwise provided for, e.g. preventing explosive conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of systems for inerting a fuel tank of an aircraft, such as an airplane, a helicopter or the like, for security reasons.
  • the invention more particularly relates to a device for dispensing and injecting a gas, implemented in such an inerting system, and an inerting system comprising such a dispensing and injection device.
  • a conventional inerting system of the prior art generally comprises an onboard inert gas generator called OBIGGS, according to the acronym "On Board Inert Gas Generation Systems", supplied with air, for example with compressed air from a compression stage from the so-called intermediate pressure opening and / or the so-called high pressure opening depending on the flight situation.
  • OBIGGS On Board Inert Gas Generation Systems
  • the OBIGGS system is coupled to the aircraft's fuel tank, and separates oxygen from the air.
  • the OBIGGS system comprises one or more air separation modules containing, for example, permeable membranes, such as polymer membranes, traversed by a flow of air. Due to the different permeabilities of the membrane to nitrogen and oxygen, the system divides the airflow so that a high nitrogen content airflow and a high grade airflow oxygen are obtained.
  • the fraction of air enriched in nitrogen considered as the inerting gas, is conveyed into the fuel tanks so that the mixture of air and kerosene vapor present in this location is moved and discharged out of the tanks.
  • the devices necessary for this operation such as compressors, filters, air or water cooling modules, and the like, are integrated in the inert gas installation.
  • An inerting system of the state of the art also includes a device for dispensing and injecting the inerting gas into the tanks.
  • This device comprises at least one distribution line equipped with a non-return valve, and an injection nozzle.
  • the injection nozzle is, for example, consists of a metal washer pierced and fixed by screws on a support in the tank.
  • a tube with holes, well known under the name of "piccolo" tube, can be used at the outlet of the nozzle.
  • a disadvantage of this type of inert gas distribution and injection device lies in the fact that, in addition to the fact that the injection nozzle is complex to integrate in the fuel tank, very significant noise, which can reach 100 dB, are generated when the nozzle circulates gas flows at high speed.
  • One of the aims of the invention is thus to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a device for dispensing and injecting inerting gas into a fuel tank which makes it possible to considerably reduce the noise nuisances related to the injection of the fuel. inerting gas.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a device which allows a calibrated injection of inerting gas, with optimum protection against the return of liquid fuel.
  • a device for dispensing and injecting inerting gas into a fuel tank of an aircraft in accordance with the state of the art in this respect. It comprises at least one gas distribution pipe whose first end is intended to be connected to an inerting gas generator.
  • the dispensing line comprises a second end connected to a controlled porosity part intended to be disposed inside the fuel tank for the diffusion of the inerting gas through said part and into the reservoir.
  • the controlled porosity room is, in itself, a way to avoid the return of liquid fuel, and thus eliminates check valves whose effectiveness is limited.
  • the controlled porosity part is a passive component having only one non-moving part, thus increasing the reliability of the device according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention eliminates the injection nozzles which facilitates its implementation very clearly.
  • the invention also saves space.
  • the controlled porosity part consists of a piece of sintered metal.
  • a sintered metal part is, by definition, made up of an agglomeration of metal particles whose porosity can be controlled.
  • the part is easy to manufacture, lightweight and compatible with use in a medium in contact with fuel.
  • the sintered metal part can be cylindrical, and can be screwed to the second end of the distribution line.
  • the sintered metal part is made, for example, of bronze, stainless steel, or aluminum.
  • the invention also provides a system for inerting at least one fuel tank of an aircraft.
  • the system comprises at least one inert gas generator supplied with compressed air, and devices for dispensing and injecting inerting gas into the fuel tank, connected to the inerting gas generator.
  • the dispensing and injection devices comply with the aforementioned characteristics.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation illustrating an inerting system according to the invention, implementing the device for dispensing and injecting inert gas according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the device for dispensing and injecting inert gas according to the invention, installed in a fuel tank.
  • the invention relates to a device for dispensing and injecting (1) inerting gas intended to be implemented in an inerting system (2) of the fuel tanks (10) d an aircraft (11).
  • the inerting system (2) comprises an inert gas generator (3) comprising an air inlet (4) supplied via an air preparation system (5) with air pressurized air.
  • the inert gas generator (3) comprises an outlet (6) of inert gas, and an outlet (7) of oxygen enriched gas.
  • the outlet (6) of inerting gas is connected to the device for dispensing and injecting (1) the inerting gas.
  • the dispensing and injection device (1) comprises inerting gas distribution lines (8) whose first ends are connected to the inerting gas generator (3), and whose second ends are each connected with a part (9) with controlled porosity, such as a piece (9) of sintered metal.
  • the sintered metal parts (9) are arranged inside the fuel tanks (10).
  • the pieces (9) of sintered metal each have, for example, a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 10-15 mm and a length of 10-15 cm.
  • the sintered metal parts (9) are, for example, screwed to the second ends of the distribution pipes (8), which facilitates their implementation.
  • Other shapes for the part (9) can be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention, such as a conical shape for example, as well as other dimensions.
  • the inerting system (2) is used to generate and introduce an inerting gas into the fuel tanks (10) of the aircraft (11) for safety reasons in order to reduce the risk of explosion of said tanks (10).
  • the injected inerting gas is intended to render the fuel tank or reservoirs (10) inert, ie it makes it possible to reduce the oxygen level present in the said reservoir (s) (10), and in particular to maintain this rate below a certain threshold, preferably less than 12%.
  • the distribution of the inerting gas is via the distribution lines (8) through the sintered metal parts (9) which act as nozzles and into the tanks (10). .
  • the sintered metal parts (9) are obtained by sintering a metallic material, such as bronze, stainless steel, or aluminum, that is, for example, by heating a metal powder without leading it to fusion. Under the effect of heat, the grains of powder are welded together, which forms the cohesion of the piece (9). Sintering allows, depending on the particle size, to control the density of the material. Thus, the sintered metal parts (9) obtained have a controlled porosity. Thus, since the injection of the inerting gas is through the sintered metal porous parts (9), the noise pollution is considerably reduced, and the injection can be calibrated according to the controlled porosity and the dimensions. of said room.
  • the sintered metal parts (9) also make it possible to ensure, in a reliable and space-saving manner, an anti-return function of the liquid fuel.
  • the use of sintered metal parts (9) for the injection of the inerting gas into the fuel tanks (10) makes it possible to ensure, in a simple and reliable manner, a calibrated injection, and / or a noise reduction, and / or a non-return function of liquid fuel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Device (1) for distributing and injecting inert gas in a fuel tank of an aircraft (11), the said device comprising at least one gas distribution pipe a first end of which is intended to be connected to an inert-gas generator (3). According to the invention, the distribution pipe comprises a second end connected to a component (9) of controlled porosity intended to be placed inside the fuel tank so as to diffuse the inert gas through the said component (9) into the tank.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE DISTRIBUTION ET D'INJECTION D'UN GAZ D'INERTAGE DANS UN RESERVOIR DE CARBURANT D'UN AERONEF  DEVICE FOR DISPENSING AND INJECTING AN INERT GAS IN A FUEL TANK OF AN AIRCRAFT
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE  TECHNICAL AREA
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine technique des systèmes d'inertage d'un réservoir de carburant d'un aéronef, tel qu'un avion, un hélicoptère ou analogue, pour des raisons de sécurité. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un dispositif de distribution et d'injection d'un gaz, mis en œuvre dans un tel système d'inertage, ainsi qu'un système d'inertage comprenant un tel dispositif de distribution et d'injection. The present invention relates to the technical field of systems for inerting a fuel tank of an aircraft, such as an airplane, a helicopter or the like, for security reasons. The invention more particularly relates to a device for dispensing and injecting a gas, implemented in such an inerting system, and an inerting system comprising such a dispensing and injection device.
ART ANTERIEUR PRIOR ART
Dans le domaine de l'aéronautique, il est connu des systèmes d'inertage pour générer un gaz d'inertage, tel que de l'azote, ou tout autre gaz neutre tel que le dioxyde de carbone par exemple, et pour introduire ledit gaz d'inertage dans les réservoirs de carburant pour des raisons de sécurité afin de réduire le risque d'explosion desdits réservoirs. Un système classique d'inertage de l'art antérieur comporte, d'une manière générale, un générateur de gaz d'inertage embarqué dit OBIGGS, selon l'acronyme anglo-saxon « On Board Inert Gas Génération Systems », alimenté en air, par exemple avec de l'air comprimé venant d'un étage de compression à partir de l'ouverture dite de pression intermédiaire et/ou de l'ouverture dite de haute pression en fonction de la situation de vol. Le système OBIGGS est couplé au réservoir de carburant de l'avion, et sépare l'oxygène de l'air. In the field of aeronautics, inerting systems are known for generating an inerting gas, such as nitrogen, or any other neutral gas such as carbon dioxide for example, and for introducing said gas inerting in the fuel tanks for safety reasons to reduce the risk of explosion of said tanks. A conventional inerting system of the prior art generally comprises an onboard inert gas generator called OBIGGS, according to the acronym "On Board Inert Gas Generation Systems", supplied with air, for example with compressed air from a compression stage from the so-called intermediate pressure opening and / or the so-called high pressure opening depending on the flight situation. The OBIGGS system is coupled to the aircraft's fuel tank, and separates oxygen from the air.
Le système OBIGGS comprend un ou plusieurs modules de séparation d'air contenant, par exemple, des membranes perméables, telles que des membranes de polymère, traversées par un flux d'air. En raison des différentes perméabilités de la membrane à l'azote et à l'oxygène, le système divise le flux d'air de telle sorte qu'un flux d'air à forte teneur en azote et un flux d'air à forte teneur en oxygène sont obtenus. La fraction d'air enrichi en azote, considérée comme le gaz d'inertage, est acheminée dans les réservoirs de carburant de telle sorte que le mélange d'air et de vapeur de kérosène présent dans cet emplacement est déplacé et évacué hors des réservoirs. Les dispositifs nécessaires à cette opération, tels que des compresseurs, des filtres, des modules de refroidissement à air ou à eaux, et analogues, sont intégrés dans l'installation de gaz d'inertage. The OBIGGS system comprises one or more air separation modules containing, for example, permeable membranes, such as polymer membranes, traversed by a flow of air. Due to the different permeabilities of the membrane to nitrogen and oxygen, the system divides the airflow so that a high nitrogen content airflow and a high grade airflow oxygen are obtained. The fraction of air enriched in nitrogen, considered as the inerting gas, is conveyed into the fuel tanks so that the mixture of air and kerosene vapor present in this location is moved and discharged out of the tanks. The devices necessary for this operation, such as compressors, filters, air or water cooling modules, and the like, are integrated in the inert gas installation.
Lorsque le taux d'oxygène présent dans la partie vide du réservoir est inférieur à la limite d'inflammation définie conformément aux exigences de la FAA selon l'acronyme anglo-saxon « Fédéral Aviation Administration » détaillées dans le document AC25.981- 2A en date du 19 septembre 2008 et intitulé « FUEL TANK FLAMMABILITY REDUCTION MEANS » et ses annexes, aucune inflammation spontanée ne peut avoir lieu. De ce qui précède, rendre inerte un réservoir de carburant consiste à injecter du gaz d'inertage dans le réservoir pour maintenir le taux d'oxygène présent dans ledit réservoir sous un certain seuil, par exemple 12%. When the oxygen content present in the empty portion of the tank is below the ignition limit defined in accordance with the requirements of the FAA according to the acronym "Federal Aviation Administration" detailed in document AC25.981-2A in dated 19 September 2008 and entitled "FUEL TANK FLAMMABILITY REDUCTION MEANS" and its annexes, no spontaneous ignition can take place. From the foregoing, rendering a fuel tank inert consists of injecting inerting gas into the reservoir to maintain the oxygen content present in said reservoir below a certain threshold, for example 12%.
Un système d'inertage de l'état de la technique comprend également un dispositif pour la distribution et l'injection du gaz d'inertage dans les réservoirs. Ce dispositif comprend au moins une conduite de distribution équipée d'un clapet anti-retour, et d'une buse d'injection. La buse d'injection est, par exemple, constituée d'une rondelle métallique percée et fixée par des vis sur un support dans le réservoir. Un tube à trous, bien connu sous le nom de tube « piccolo », peut être utilisé en sortie de la buse. An inerting system of the state of the art also includes a device for dispensing and injecting the inerting gas into the tanks. This device comprises at least one distribution line equipped with a non-return valve, and an injection nozzle. The injection nozzle is, for example, consists of a metal washer pierced and fixed by screws on a support in the tank. A tube with holes, well known under the name of "piccolo" tube, can be used at the outlet of the nozzle.
Un inconvénient de ce type de dispositif de distribution et d'injection de gaz d'inertage réside dans le fait que, outre le fait que la buse d'injection soit complexe à intégrer dans le réservoir de carburant, des nuisances sonores très importantes, pouvant atteindre les 100 dB, sont générées lorsque la buse fait circuler des flux de gaz à haute vitesse. A disadvantage of this type of inert gas distribution and injection device lies in the fact that, in addition to the fact that the injection nozzle is complex to integrate in the fuel tank, very significant noise, which can reach 100 dB, are generated when the nozzle circulates gas flows at high speed.
Un autre inconvénient réside dans le fait que le clapet anti-retour installé dans la conduite de distribution ne peut assurer une parfaite étanchéité, et est généralement considéré en panne latente. Another disadvantage lies in the fact that the non-return valve installed in the distribution line can not ensure a perfect seal, and is generally considered latent failure.
EXPOSE DE L'INVENTION L'un des buts de l'invention est donc de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un dispositif de distribution et d'injection de gaz d'inertage dans un réservoir de carburant qui permet de réduire considérablement les nuisances sonores liées à l'injection du gaz d'inertage. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One of the aims of the invention is thus to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a device for dispensing and injecting inerting gas into a fuel tank which makes it possible to considerably reduce the noise nuisances related to the injection of the fuel. inerting gas.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir un tel dispositif qui permet une injection calibrée de gaz d'inertage, avec une protection optimale contre le retour de fuel liquide. Another object of the invention is to provide such a device which allows a calibrated injection of inerting gas, with optimum protection against the return of liquid fuel.
A cet effet, et pour résoudre les problèmes précités, il a été mis au point un dispositif de distribution et d'injection de gaz d'inertage dans un réservoir de carburant d'un aéronef, conforme à l'état de la technique en ce qu'il comprend au moins une conduite de distribution de gaz dont une première extrémité est destinée à être connectée à un générateur de gaz d'inertage. To this end, and to solve the aforementioned problems, it has been developed a device for dispensing and injecting inerting gas into a fuel tank of an aircraft, in accordance with the state of the art in this respect. it comprises at least one gas distribution pipe whose first end is intended to be connected to an inerting gas generator.
Selon l'invention, la conduite de distribution comprend une deuxième extrémité connectée avec une pièce à porosité contrôlée destinée à être disposée à l'intérieur du réservoir de carburant pour la diffusion du gaz d'inertage au travers de ladite pièce et jusque dans le réservoir. According to the invention, the dispensing line comprises a second end connected to a controlled porosity part intended to be disposed inside the fuel tank for the diffusion of the inerting gas through said part and into the reservoir. .
De cette manière, étant donné que l'injection du gaz d'inertage se fait au travers de ladite pièce à porosité contrôlée, les nuisances sonores sont considérablement diminuées, et l'injection peut être calibrée en fonction de la porosité de ladite pièce. In this way, since the injection of the inerting gas is through said controlled porosity room, the noise is greatly reduced, and the injection can be calibrated according to the porosity of said room.
De plus, la pièce à porosité contrôlée constitue, en elle-même, un moyen permettant d'éviter les retours de fuel liquide, et permet donc de s'affranchir des clapets anti-retour dont l'efficacité est limitée. La pièce à porosité contrôlée est un composant passif ne comportant qu'une seule pièce non mobile, augmentant ainsi la fiabilité du dispositif selon l'invention. Enfïn, le dispositif selon l'invention permet de s'affranchir des buses d'injection ce qui facilite très nettement sa mise en œuvre. L'invention permet également un gain de place. De préférence, la pièce à porosité contrôlée est constituée d'une pièce en métal fritté. Une pièce en métal fritté est, par définition, constituée d'une agglomération de particules métalliques dont la porosité peut être contrôlée. Ainsi, la pièce est facile à fabriquer, légère et compatible avec une utilisation dans un milieu en contact avec du carburant. In addition, the controlled porosity room is, in itself, a way to avoid the return of liquid fuel, and thus eliminates check valves whose effectiveness is limited. The controlled porosity part is a passive component having only one non-moving part, thus increasing the reliability of the device according to the invention. Finally, the device according to the invention eliminates the injection nozzles which facilitates its implementation very clearly. The invention also saves space. Preferably, the controlled porosity part consists of a piece of sintered metal. A sintered metal part is, by definition, made up of an agglomeration of metal particles whose porosity can be controlled. Thus, the part is easy to manufacture, lightweight and compatible with use in a medium in contact with fuel.
Selon des formes de réalisations particulières, la pièce en métal fritté peut être cylindrique, et peut être vissée à la deuxième extrémité de la conduite de distribution. La pièce en métal fritté est réalisée, par exemple, en bronze, en acier inoxydable, ou en aluminium. According to particular embodiments, the sintered metal part can be cylindrical, and can be screwed to the second end of the distribution line. The sintered metal part is made, for example, of bronze, stainless steel, or aluminum.
L'invention fournit également un système d'inertage d'au moins un réservoir de carburant d'un aéronef. Le système comprend au moins un générateur de gaz d'inertage alimenté avec de l'air comprimé, et des dispositifs de distribution et d'injection de gaz d'inertage dans le réservoir de carburant, reliés au générateur de gaz d'inertage. The invention also provides a system for inerting at least one fuel tank of an aircraft. The system comprises at least one inert gas generator supplied with compressed air, and devices for dispensing and injecting inerting gas into the fuel tank, connected to the inerting gas generator.
Selon l'invention, les dispositifs de distribution et d'injection sont conformes aux caractéristiques précitées. According to the invention, the dispensing and injection devices comply with the aforementioned characteristics.
DESCRIPTION SOMMAIRE DES FIGURES SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, du dispositif de distribution et d'injection de gaz d'inertage et du système d'inertage selon l'invention, à partir des dessins annexés dans lesquels : Other advantages and features will become more apparent from the following description, given by way of non-limiting example, of the device for dispensing and injecting inerting gas and the inerting system according to the invention, from annexed drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une représentation schématique illustrant un système d'inertage selon l'invention, mettant en œuvre le dispositif de distribution et d'injection de gaz d'inertage selon l'invention ; - la figure 2 est une représentation schématique du dispositif de distribution et d'injection de gaz d'inertage selon l'invention, installé dans un réservoir de carburant. DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉE DE L'INVENTION - Figure 1 is a schematic representation illustrating an inerting system according to the invention, implementing the device for dispensing and injecting inert gas according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the device for dispensing and injecting inert gas according to the invention, installed in a fuel tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
En référence à la figure 1, l'invention concerne un dispositif de distribution et d'injection (1) de gaz d'inertage destiné à être mis en œuvre dans un système d'inertage (2) des réservoirs de carburant (10) d'un aéronef (11). Referring to Figure 1, the invention relates to a device for dispensing and injecting (1) inerting gas intended to be implemented in an inerting system (2) of the fuel tanks (10) d an aircraft (11).
Le système d'inertage (2) comprend un générateur de gaz d'inertage (3) comprenant une entrée d'air (4) alimentée, par l'intermédiaire d'un système de préparation d'air (5) avec de l'air comprimé. Le générateur de gaz d'inertage (3) comprend une sortie (6) de gaz d'inertage, et une sortie (7) de gaz enrichi en oxygène. The inerting system (2) comprises an inert gas generator (3) comprising an air inlet (4) supplied via an air preparation system (5) with air pressurized air. The inert gas generator (3) comprises an outlet (6) of inert gas, and an outlet (7) of oxygen enriched gas.
La sortie (6) de gaz d'inertage est connectée au dispositif de distribution et d'injection (1) du gaz d'inertage. Le dispositif de distribution et d'injection (1) comprend des conduites de distribution (8) de gaz d'inertage dont des premières extrémités sont connectées au générateur de gaz d'inertage (3), et dont des deuxièmes extrémités sont connectées chacune avec une pièce (9) à porosité contrôlée, telle qu'une pièce (9) en métal fritté. Les pièces (9) en métal fritté sont disposées à l'intérieur des réservoirs de carburant (10). Les pièces (9) en métal fritté présentent chacune, par exemple, une forme cylindrique avec un diamètre de 10-15 mm et une longueur de 10-15 cm. Les pièces (9) en métal fritté sont, par exemple, vissées aux deuxièmes extrémités des conduites de distribution (8), ce qui facilite leur mise en œuvre. D'autres formes pour la pièce (9) peuvent être envisagées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, telle qu'une forme conique par exemple, ainsi que d'autres dimensions. The outlet (6) of inerting gas is connected to the device for dispensing and injecting (1) the inerting gas. The dispensing and injection device (1) comprises inerting gas distribution lines (8) whose first ends are connected to the inerting gas generator (3), and whose second ends are each connected with a part (9) with controlled porosity, such as a piece (9) of sintered metal. The sintered metal parts (9) are arranged inside the fuel tanks (10). The pieces (9) of sintered metal each have, for example, a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 10-15 mm and a length of 10-15 cm. The sintered metal parts (9) are, for example, screwed to the second ends of the distribution pipes (8), which facilitates their implementation. Other shapes for the part (9) can be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention, such as a conical shape for example, as well as other dimensions.
Le système d'inertage (2) permet de générer et d'introduire un gaz d'inertage dans les réservoirs de carburant (10) de l'aéronef (11) pour des raisons de sécurité afin de réduire le risque d'explosion desdits réservoirs (10). Le gaz d'inertage injecté vise à rendre inerte le ou les réservoirs de carburant (10), c'est-à-dire qu'il permet de réduire le taux d'oxygène présent dans le ou lesdits réservoirs (10), et notamment de maintenir ce taux sous un certain seuil, de préférence inférieur à 12%. The inerting system (2) is used to generate and introduce an inerting gas into the fuel tanks (10) of the aircraft (11) for safety reasons in order to reduce the risk of explosion of said tanks (10). The injected inerting gas is intended to render the fuel tank or reservoirs (10) inert, ie it makes it possible to reduce the oxygen level present in the said reservoir (s) (10), and in particular to maintain this rate below a certain threshold, preferably less than 12%.
Selon l'invention, la distribution du gaz d'inertage se fait par l'intermédiaire des conduites de distribution (8) au travers des pièces (9) en métal fritté qui assurent un rôle de buses, et jusque dans les réservoirs (10). According to the invention, the distribution of the inerting gas is via the distribution lines (8) through the sintered metal parts (9) which act as nozzles and into the tanks (10). .
Les pièces (9) en métal fritté sont obtenues par frittage d'un matériau métallique, tel que du bronze, de l'acier inoxydable, ou de l'aluminium, c'est-à-dire par exemple, par chauffage d'une poudre métallique sans la mener jusqu'à la fusion. Sous l'effet de la chaleur, les grains de poudre se soudent entre eux, ce qui forme la cohésion de la pièce (9). Le frittage permet, en fonction de la granulométrie, de maîtriser la densité de la matière. Ainsi, les pièces (9) en métal fritté obtenues possèdent une porosité contrôlée. Ainsi, étant donné que l'injection du gaz d'inertage se fait au travers des pièces (9) poreuse en métal fritté, les nuisances sonores sont considérablement diminuées, et l'injection peut être calibrée en fonction de la porosité contrôlée et des dimensions de ladite pièce. Les pièces (9) en métal fritté permettent également d'assurer, d'une manière fiable et peu encombrante, une fonction anti retour du fuel liquide. The sintered metal parts (9) are obtained by sintering a metallic material, such as bronze, stainless steel, or aluminum, that is, for example, by heating a metal powder without leading it to fusion. Under the effect of heat, the grains of powder are welded together, which forms the cohesion of the piece (9). Sintering allows, depending on the particle size, to control the density of the material. Thus, the sintered metal parts (9) obtained have a controlled porosity. Thus, since the injection of the inerting gas is through the sintered metal porous parts (9), the noise pollution is considerably reduced, and the injection can be calibrated according to the controlled porosity and the dimensions. of said room. The sintered metal parts (9) also make it possible to ensure, in a reliable and space-saving manner, an anti-return function of the liquid fuel.
De ce qui précède, l'utilisation de pièces (9) en métal fritté pour l'injection du gaz d'inertage dans les réservoirs de carburant (10) permet d'assurer de manière simple et fiable, une injection calibrée, et/ou une réduction du bruit, et/ou une fonction anti-retour de fuel liquide. From the above, the use of sintered metal parts (9) for the injection of the inerting gas into the fuel tanks (10) makes it possible to ensure, in a simple and reliable manner, a calibrated injection, and / or a noise reduction, and / or a non-return function of liquid fuel.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de distribution et d'injection (1) de gaz d'inertage dans un réservoir de carburant (10) d'un aéronef (11), ledit dispositif (1) comprenant au moins une conduite de distribution (8) de gaz d'inertage dont une première extrémité est destinée à être connectée à un générateur de gaz d'inertage (3), le dispositif (1) étant caractérisé en ce que la conduite de distribution (8) comprend une deuxième extrémité connectée avec une pièce (9) à porosité contrôlée destinée à être disposée à l'intérieur du réservoir de carburant (10) pour la diffusion du gaz d'inertage au travers de ladite pièce (9) et jusque dans le réservoir (10). 1. Device for dispensing and injecting (1) inerting gas into a fuel tank (10) of an aircraft (11), said device (1) comprising at least one gas distribution pipe (8) inerting device, a first end of which is intended to be connected to an inert gas generator (3), the device (1) being characterized in that the distribution pipe (8) comprises a second end connected to a part ( 9) with controlled porosity intended to be arranged inside the fuel tank (10) for the diffusion of the inerting gas through said part (9) and into the tank (10).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pièce (9) à porosité contrôlée est constituée d'une pièce en métal fritté. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the part (9) with controlled porosity consists of a piece of sintered metal.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la pièce en métal fritté (9) est vissée à la deuxième extrémité de la conduite de distribution (8). 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the sintered metal part (9) is screwed to the second end of the distribution pipe (8).
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la pièce en métal fritté (9) est cylindrique. 4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the sintered metal part (9) is cylindrical.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la pièce en métal fritté (9) est réalisée en bronze. 5. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the sintered metal part (9) is made of bronze.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la pièce en métal fritté (9) est réalisée en acier inoxydable. 6. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the sintered metal part (9) is made of stainless steel.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la pièce en métal fritté (9) est réalisée en aluminium. 7. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the sintered metal part (9) is made of aluminum.
8. Système d'inertage (2) d'au moins un réservoir de carburant (10) d'un aéronef (11), ledit système (2) comprenant au moins un générateur de gaz d'inertage (3) alimenté avec de l'air comprimé, et des dispositifs de distribution et d'injection (1) de gaz d'inertage dans le réservoir de carburant (10), reliés au générateur de gaz d'inertage (3), ledit système d'inertage (2) étant caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de distribution et d'injection (1) sont conformes à l'une des revendications 1 à 7. 8. System for inerting (2) at least one fuel tank (10) of an aircraft (11), said system (2) comprising at least one inert gas generator (3) fed with fuel compressed air, and devices for dispensing and injecting (1) inerting gas into the fuel tank (10), connected to the inerting gas generator (3), said inerting system (2) being characterized in that the dispensing and injection devices (1) are in accordance with one of claims 1 to 7.
PCT/FR2017/050859 2016-04-22 2017-04-10 Device for distributing and injecting an inert gas in an aircraft fuel tank WO2017182733A1 (en)

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FR1653573A FR3050438B1 (en) 2016-04-22 2016-04-22 DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTION AND INJECTION OF INERT GAS IN AN AIRCRAFT FUEL TANK
FR1653573 2016-04-22

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Citations (6)

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US4639314A (en) * 1985-01-18 1987-01-27 Tyer Robert R Fine bubble diffuser and diffuser system having filtered blow-down tube
EP0414472A2 (en) * 1989-08-21 1991-02-27 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Process for stripping liquid systems and sparger system therefor
US6360730B1 (en) * 1996-03-18 2002-03-26 Fuel Dynamics Inert loading jet fuel
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FR3050438B1 (en) 2021-08-13
FR3050438A1 (en) 2017-10-27

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