WO2016127893A1 - 辐射单元及双极化天线 - Google Patents

辐射单元及双极化天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016127893A1
WO2016127893A1 PCT/CN2016/073346 CN2016073346W WO2016127893A1 WO 2016127893 A1 WO2016127893 A1 WO 2016127893A1 CN 2016073346 W CN2016073346 W CN 2016073346W WO 2016127893 A1 WO2016127893 A1 WO 2016127893A1
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piece
feed
feeding
cable
wavelength
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PCT/CN2016/073346
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐澄宇
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上海贝尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016127893A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016127893A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to a radiating element and a dual polarized antenna including the radiating element.
  • the base station antenna acts as an integral part of the base station, which enables the transmission of wireless signals and determines the coverage of the network.
  • the dual-polarized antenna is a new type of antenna technology that combines the antennas with two orthogonal polarization directions of +45° and -45° and operates in the duplex mode. Therefore, the dual-polarized antenna can save a single The number of antennas that directional base stations.
  • dual-polarized antennas usually use a balanced balun feeding method.
  • the height of the balanced balun as a support member and a balanced feed element generally requires a quarter wavelength, in other words, a balanced balun feed design. It is difficult for the radiating element to break through the limitation of the quarter-wavelength height, thereby limiting the volume of the base station antenna to some extent.
  • the radiating element designed by the balanced balun feeding method requires more parts, is more complicated to install, and has higher cost.
  • the present invention proposes a novel coupled-feed dual-polarized antenna and its radiating element.
  • a radiating element comprising: a square radiating patch; a first feeding piece and a second feeding piece suspended below the square radiating patch,
  • the first feed sheet is configured to achieve +45° polarization
  • the second feed sheet is configured to achieve -45° polarization
  • a reflector is located on the first feed sheet and the first a lower portion of the two feed sheets; and a first cable and a second cable, an inner conductor of the first cable passing through the reflector and connected to the first feed tab, the second cable
  • the inner conductor passes through the reflector and is connected to the second feed sheet; wherein the distance from the square radiation patch to the reflector is 0.115-0.133 wavelength, the first feed sheet and the The distance between the second feeding piece and the reflecting plate is 0.07-0.08 wavelength, and the distance between the first feeding piece and the second feeding piece to the square radiation piece is 0.044-0.051 wavelength.
  • the radiating unit further includes: a third power feeding piece and a fourth power feeding piece suspended below the square radiation patch, wherein the first power feeding piece and the third power feeding piece
  • the feed sheet is configured to achieve +45° polarization
  • the second feed sheet and the fourth feed sheet are configured to achieve -45° polarization
  • a third cable and a fourth cable the An inner conductor of the three cable passes through the reflective plate and is connected to the third feed piece
  • an inner conductor of the fourth cable passes through the reflective plate and is connected to the fourth feed piece
  • the length of the square radiating patch is 0.33 to 0.38, and the lengths of the first feeding piece, the second feeding piece, the third feeding piece and the fourth feeding piece are 0.111 to 0.128.
  • the wavelength is from 0.055 to 0.064 wavelength.
  • the distance from the square radiating patch to the reflecting plate is 0.124 wavelength, and the distance between the first feeding piece and the second feeding piece to the reflecting plate is 0.075 wavelength, the first The distance between the feed sheet and the second feed sheet to the square radiating patch is 0.048 wavelength.
  • the length of the square radiating patch is 0.355 wavelength
  • the length of the first feeding piece, the second feeding piece, the third feeding piece and the fourth feeding piece is 0.12
  • the wavelength is 0.06 wavelength.
  • the first feed piece, the second feed piece, the third feed piece and the fourth feed piece are on the same plane
  • the first feed piece and the third feed piece are symmetrically disposed along a diagonal line of the square radiating patch, and the second feeding piece and the fourth feeding piece are along the square
  • the other diagonal of the radiating patch is symmetrically placed.
  • the inner conductors of the first cable, the second cable, the third cable, and the fourth cable are respectively connected to the first power feeding piece, the second power feeding piece, A diagonal intersection of the third feed piece and the fourth feed piece.
  • the square radiating patch may be, for example, a metal sheet or a copper clad PCB board.
  • any one of the first power feeding piece, the second power feeding piece, the third power feeding piece and the fourth power feeding piece may be, for example, a metal piece or a copper-clad PCB. board.
  • a dual polarized antenna comprising an array of radiating elements in any of the above embodiments.
  • the radiating elements and dual polarized antennas of various embodiments of the present invention can effectively reduce the cross-sectional distance between the radiating patch and the reflecting plate, and require fewer parts and are relatively simple to install.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a radiation unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a radiation unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a radiating element in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a radiation unit in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • an exemplary radiating element 10 includes a square radiating patch 11, a first feed tab 12a, a second feed tab 12b, a third feed tab 12c, a fourth feed tab 12d, a reflector 13, and a A cable 14a, a second cable 14b, a third cable 14c and a fourth cable 14d.
  • the first feed piece 12a, the second feed piece 12b, the third feed piece 12c and the fourth feed piece 12d are suspended below the square radiation patch 11.
  • the first feeding piece 12a and the first The three-feed sheet 12c is used to achieve +45° polarization
  • the second feed piece 12b and the fourth feed piece 12d are used to achieve -45° polarization.
  • the reflection plate 13 is located below the first feed piece 12a, the second feed piece 12b, the third feed piece 12c, and the fourth feed piece 12d.
  • the square radiating patch 11 and the first, second, third, and fourth feeding sheets 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d may be fixed to the reflecting plate 13 by a support member, which may be made of a non-conductive material such as plastic. .
  • the inner conductor of the first cable 14a passes through the reflection plate 13 and is connected to the first feed piece 12a for effecting feeding.
  • the inner conductor of the second cable 14b passes through the reflection plate 13 and is connected to the second feed piece 12b
  • the inner conductor of the third cable 14c passes through the reflection plate 13 and is connected to the third feed piece 12c
  • the fourth cable The inner conductor of 14d passes through the reflection plate 13 and is connected to the fourth feed piece 12d.
  • the first, second, third and fourth cables 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d may be, for example, coaxial cables, in particular, as shown in Figure 2, the dielectric layer 122 of the coaxial cable passes through the reflector 13, The outer conductor 123 is located below the reflector 13, and the inner conductor 121 extends upwardly to the feed piece.
  • the inner conductors of the first, second, third and fourth cables 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d may be connected to the first, second, third and fourth feed sheets 12a, 12b, 12c by, for example, soldering. And 12d.
  • first, second, third and fourth cables 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d may also be connected to the first, second, third and fourth feeds by any other suitable means.
  • the electric sheets 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d may also be connected to the first, second, third and fourth feeds by any other suitable means.
  • the first, second, third and fourth feed sheets 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d are on the same plane, wherein the first feed piece 12a and the third feed piece 12c are symmetrically disposed along one diagonal of the square radiating patch 11, and the second feed piece 12b and the fourth feed piece 12d are symmetric along the other diagonal of the square radiating patch 11.
  • Settings as shown in Figure 3.
  • the distance d 1 of the square radiating patch 11 to the reflecting plate 13 is determined based on the band requirement, for example, the distance d 1 is 0.115 to 0.133 wavelength, and advantageously, the distance d 1 is 0.124 wavelength.
  • the distance d 2 of the first, second, third and fourth feed sheets 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d to the reflecting plate 13 is, for example, a wavelength of 0.07 to 0.08, and advantageously, the distance d 2 is 0.075 wavelength.
  • the distance d 3 of the first, second, third and fourth feed sheets 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d to the square radiating patch 11 is, for example, a wavelength of 0.044 to 0.051, and advantageously, the distance d 3 is 0.048 wavelength.
  • the side length of the square radiating patch 11 is, for example, 0.33 to 0.38 wavelength, and advantageously, the side length is 0.355 wavelength.
  • the first, second, third and fourth feed sheets 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d may be, for example, rectangular, having a length of, for example, 0.111 to 0.128 wavelengths, a width of, for example, 0.055 to 0.064 wavelengths, and advantageously a length of 0.12 wavelengths.
  • the width is 0.06 wavelength.
  • connection points of the inner conductors of the first, second, third and fourth cables 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d with the first, second, third and fourth feed sheets 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d is the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangular feed sheets. It can be understood that in order to better achieve port impedance matching, the feed point can also be placed in the vicinity of the diagonal intersection.
  • the square radiating patch 11 may be a metal sheet, for example, copper, aluminum, aluminum tin plating, or the like, or may be a copper-clad PCB board.
  • the first, second, third, and fourth power feeding sheets 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d may be metal sheets, for example, copper, aluminum, aluminum tin plating, or the like, or may be copper-clad PCB boards.
  • the above embodiment is described by taking the radiation unit including four feed pieces as an example. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the radiation unit may also include only two feed pieces, one of which The feed piece is used to achieve +45° polarization and the other feed piece is used to achieve -45° polarization.
  • the plurality of radiating elements in the above embodiment of the present invention are arranged in an array to form a dual-polarized array antenna.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种辐射单元（10），包括：正方形辐射贴片（11）；第一馈电片（12a）和第二馈电片（12b），其悬置于所述正方形辐射贴片（11）的下方，所述第一馈电片（12a）被配置为实现+45°极化，所述第二馈电片（12b）被配置为实现-45°极化；反射板（13），其位于所述第一馈电片（12a）和所述第二馈电片（12b）的下方；以及第一电缆（14a）和第二电缆（14b），所述第一电缆（14a）的内导体（121）穿过所述反射板（13）并且连接至所述第一馈电片（12a），所述第二电缆（14b）的内导体（121）穿过所述反射板（13）并且连接至所述第二馈电片（12b）；其中，所述正方形辐射贴片（11）至所述反射板（13）的距离为0.115～0.133波长，所述第一馈电片（12a）和所述第二馈电片（12b）至所述反射板（13）的距离为0.07～0.08波长，所述第一馈电片（12a）和所述第二馈电片（12b）至所述正方形辐射贴片（11）的距离为0.044～0.051波长。一种包括上述辐射单元阵列的双极化天线。上述辐射单元和双极化天线的设置能够实现基站天线的体积小型化。

Description

辐射单元及双极化天线 技术领域
本发明概括而言涉及无线通信领域，更具体而言，涉及一种辐射单元以及包括该辐射单元的双极化天线。
背景技术
在移动通信系统中，基站天线作为基站的一个必要组成部分，其实现了无线信号的传输并且决定了网络的覆盖范围。双极化天线是一种新型天线技术，其组合了+45°和-45°两副极化方向相互正交的天线并同时工作在收发双工模式下，因此，双极化天线可以节省单个定向基站的天线数量。
目前，双极化天线通常采用平衡巴伦馈电方式，其中，作为支撑件和平衡馈电元件的平衡巴伦的高度一般需要四分之一个波长，换言之，采用平衡巴伦馈电方式设计成的辐射单元较难突破四分之一波长高度的限制，从而在一定程度上限制了基站天线的体积。此外，采用平衡巴伦馈电方式设计的辐射单元，其所需要的零件较多，安装较为复杂，并且成本较高。
因此，有必要提供一种改进的辐射单元以及双极化天线。
发明内容
针对以上问题，本发明提出了一种新型的耦合馈电的双极化天线以及其辐射单元。
根据本发明的一个方面，提出了一种辐射单元，其特征在于，包括：正方形辐射贴片；第一馈电片和第二馈电片，其悬置于所述正方形辐射贴片的下方，所述第一馈电片被配置为实现+45°极化，所述第二馈电片被配置为实现-45°极化；反射板，其位于所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片的下方；以及第一电缆和第二电缆，所述第一电缆的内导体穿过所述反射板并且连接至所述第一馈电片，所述第二电缆 的内导体穿过所述反射板并且连接至所述第二馈电片；其中，所述正方形辐射贴片至所述反射板的距离为0.115～0.133波长，所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片至所述反射板的距离为0.07～0.08波长，所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片至所述正方形辐射贴片的距离为0.044～0.051波长。
在一个实施例中，上述辐射单元还包括：第三馈电片和第四馈电片，其悬置于所述正方形辐射贴片的下方，其中所述第一馈电片与所述第三馈电片被配置为实现+45°极化，所述第二馈电片与所述第四馈电片被配置为实现-45°极化；以及第三电缆和第四电缆，所述第三电缆的内导体穿过所述反射板并且连接至所述第三馈电片，所述第四电缆的内导体穿过所述反射板并且连接至所述第四馈电片；其中，所述正方形辐射贴片的长度为0.33～0.38波长，所述第一馈电片、所述第二馈电片、所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片的长度为0.111～0.128波长，宽度为0.055～0.064波长。
有利地，所述正方形辐射贴片至所述反射板的距离为0.124波长，所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片至所述反射板的距离为0.075波长，所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片至所述正方形辐射贴片的距离为0.048波长。
有利地，所述正方形辐射贴片的长度为0.355波长，所述第一馈电片、所述第二馈电片、所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片的长度为0.12波长，宽度为0.06波长。
为了实现+45°和-45°极化，有利地，所述第一馈电片、所述第二馈电片、所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片处于同一平面上，所述第一馈电片和所述第三馈电片沿所述正方形辐射贴片的一条对角线对称设置，所述第二馈电片和所述第四馈电片沿所述正方形辐射贴片的另一条对角线对称设置。
在一个例子中，所述第一电缆、所述第二电缆、所述第三电缆和所述第四电缆的内导体分别连接至所述第一馈电片、所述第二馈电片、所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片的对角线交点。
所述正方形辐射贴片可以是例如金属片或覆铜PCB板。同样地，所述第一馈电片，所述第二馈电片，所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片中的任一馈电片可以为例如金属片或覆铜PCB板。
根据本发明的一个方面，提出了一种双极化天线，其包括以上任一实施例中的辐射单元的阵列。
本发明的各实施例的辐射单元和双极化天线可以有效地降低辐射贴片至反射板之间的剖面距离，并且所需的零件较少，安装也相对简单。
附图说明
通过参考下列附图所给出的本发明的具体实施方式的描述之后，将更好地理解本发明，并且本发明的其他目的、细节、特点和优点将变得更加显而易见。在附图中：
图1为根据本发明的一个实施例的辐射单元的立体图；
图2为根据本发明的一个实施例的辐射单元的侧视图；以及
图3为根据本发明的一个实施例的辐射单元的俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的优选实施方式。虽然附图中显示了本公开的优选实施方式，然而应该理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了使本公开更加透彻和完整，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的辐射单元的示意图。参照图1，示例性的辐射单元10包括正方形辐射贴片11，第一馈电片12a，第二馈电片12b，第三馈电片12c，第四馈电片12d，反射板13，第一电缆14a，第二电缆14b，第三电缆14c和第四电缆14d。
第一馈电片12a，第二馈电片12b，第三馈电片12c和第四馈电片12d悬置于正方形辐射贴片11下方。其中，第一馈电片12a和第 三馈电片12c用于实现+45°极化，第二馈电片12b和第四馈电片12d用于实现-45°极化。反射板13位于第一馈电片12a，第二馈电片12b，第三馈电片12c和第四馈电片12d下方。正方形辐射贴片11以及第一、第二、第三和第四馈电片12a，12b，12c和12d可以通过支撑件固定至反射板13，该支撑件可以由例如塑料等不导电材料制成。
仍参照图1，第一电缆14a的内导体穿过反射板13并且连接至第一馈电片12a，用于实现馈电。同样地，第二电缆14b的内导体穿过反射板13并且连接至第二馈电片12b，第三电缆14c的内导体穿过反射板13并且连接至第三馈电片12c，第四电缆14d的内导体穿过反射板13并且连接至第四馈电片12d。该第一、第二、第三和第四电缆14a，14b，14c和14d可以是例如同轴电缆，具体地，如图2中所示，同轴电缆的介质层122穿过反射板13，外导体123位于反射板13下方，内导体121向上延伸连接至馈电片。该第一、第二、第三和第四电缆14a，14b，14c和14d的内导体可以通过例如焊接的方式连接至第一、第二、第三和第四馈电片12a，12b，12c和12d。可以理解的是，该第一、第二、第三和第四电缆14a，14b，14c和14d的内导体也可以通过其他任何适当的方式连接至第一、第二、第三和第四馈电片12a，12b，12c和12d。
为了实现+45°和-45°极化方向，有利地，该第一、第二、第三和第四馈电片12a，12b，12c和12d处于同一平面上，其中，第一馈电片12a和第三馈电片12c沿着正方形辐射贴片11的一条对角线对称设置，第二馈电片12b和第四馈电片12d沿着正方形辐射贴片11的另一条对角线对称设置，如图3中所示。
正方形辐射贴片11至反射板13的距离d1基于频带需求来确定，例如，距离d1为0.115～0.133波长，有利地，距离d1为0.124波长。第一、第二、第三和第四馈电片12a，12b，12c和12d至反射板13的距离d2例如为0.07～0.08波长，有利地，距离d2为0.075波长。第一、第二、第三和第四馈电片12a，12b，12c和12d至正方形辐射贴片11的距离d3例如为0.044～0.051波长，有利地，距离d3为0.048 波长。
正方形辐射贴片11的边长为例如0.33～0.38波长，有利地，边长为0.355波长。第一、第二、第三和第四馈电片12a，12b，12c和12d可以为例如矩形，其长度为例如0.111～0.128波长，宽度为例如0.055～0.064波长，有利地，长度为0.12波长，宽度为0.06波长。
通常地，第一、第二、第三和第四电缆14a，14b，14c和14d的内导体与第一、第二、第三和第四馈电片12a，12b，12c和12d的连接点(也即，馈电点)为矩形馈电片对角线的交点。可以理解的是，为了更好地实现端口阻抗匹配，馈电点也可以设置在对角线交点的附近。
正方形辐射贴片11可以是金属片，例如，铜、铝、铝镀锡等，或者也可以是覆铜的PCB板。同样地，第一、第二、第三和第四馈电片12a，12b，12c和12d可以是金属片，例如，铜、铝、铝镀锡等，或者也可以是覆铜的PCB板。
需要说明的是，以上的实施例是以辐射单元包括四个馈电片为例进行的描述，可以理解的是，在其他实施例中，辐射单元也可以仅包括两个馈电片，其中一个馈电片用于实现+45°极化，另一个馈电片用于实现-45°极化。
将本发明上述实施例中的多个辐射单元以阵列方式排列，可以构成双极化阵列天线。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，上述的状态仅仅用于示例，并非用于限定本发明的应用范围。本领域技术人员可以针对每种特定应用，以变通的方式实现所描述的功能，但是，这种实现决策不应解释为背离本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种辐射单元，其特征在于，包括：
    正方形辐射贴片；
    第一馈电片和第二馈电片，其悬置于所述正方形辐射贴片的下方，所述第一馈电片被配置为实现+45°极化，所述第二馈电片被配置为实现-45°极化；
    反射板，其位于所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片的下方；
    第一电缆和第二电缆，所述第一电缆的内导体穿过所述反射板并且连接至所述第一馈电片，所述第二电缆的内导体穿过所述反射板并且连接至所述第二馈电片；
    其中，所述正方形辐射贴片至所述反射板的距离为0.115～0.133波长，所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片至所述反射板的距离为0.07～0.08波长，所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片至所述正方形辐射贴片的距离为0.044～0.051波长。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射单元，其特征在于，还包括：
    第三馈电片和第四馈电片，其悬置于所述正方形辐射贴片的下方，其中所述第一馈电片与所述第三馈电片被配置为实现+45°极化，所述第二馈电片与所述第四馈电片被配置为实现-45°极化；
    第三电缆和第四电缆，所述第三电缆的内导体穿过所述反射板并且连接至所述第三馈电片，所述第四电缆的内导体穿过所述反射板并且连接至所述第四馈电片；
    其中，所述正方形辐射贴片的长度为0.33～0.38波长，所述第一馈电片、所述第二馈电片、所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片的长度为0.111～0.128波长，宽度为0.055～0.064波长。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的辐射单元，其特征在于，所述正方形辐射贴片至所述反射板的距离为0.124波长，所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片至所述反射板的距离为0.075波长，所述第一馈电片和所述第二馈电片至所述正方形辐射贴片的距离为0.048波长。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的辐射单元，其特征在于，所述正方形辐射贴片的长度为0.355波长，所述第一馈电片、所述第二馈电片、所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片的长度为0.12波长，宽度为0.06波长。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的辐射单元，其特征在于，所述第一馈电片，所述第二馈电片，所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片处于同一平面上，所述第一馈电片和所述第三馈电片沿所述正方形辐射贴片的一条对角线对称设置，所述第二馈电片和所述第四馈电片沿所述正方形辐射贴片的另一条对角线对称设置。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的辐射单元，其特征在于，所述第一电缆、所述第二电缆、所述第三电缆和所述第四电缆的内导体分别连接至所述第一馈电片、所述第二馈电片、所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片的对角线交点。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的辐射单元，其特征在于，所述正方形辐射贴片为金属片或覆铜PCB板。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的辐射单元，其特征在于，所述第一馈电片，所述第二馈电片，所述第三馈电片和所述第四馈电片中的任一馈电片为金属片或覆铜PCB板。
  9. 一种双极化天线，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的辐射单元的阵列。
PCT/CN2016/073346 2015-02-13 2016-02-03 辐射单元及双极化天线 WO2016127893A1 (zh)

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