WO2016120182A1 - Pesticidally active amide heterocyclic derivatives with sulphur containing substituents - Google Patents

Pesticidally active amide heterocyclic derivatives with sulphur containing substituents Download PDF

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WO2016120182A1
WO2016120182A1 PCT/EP2016/051401 EP2016051401W WO2016120182A1 WO 2016120182 A1 WO2016120182 A1 WO 2016120182A1 EP 2016051401 W EP2016051401 W EP 2016051401W WO 2016120182 A1 WO2016120182 A1 WO 2016120182A1
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haloalkyl
alkyl
group
formula
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Pierre Joseph Marcel Jung
Andrew Edmunds
Michel Muehlebach
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Syngenta Participations Ag
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pesticidally active, in particular insecticidally active amide heterocyclic derivatives containing sulphur substituents, to compositions comprising those compounds, and to their use for controlling animal pests (including arthropods and in particular insects or representatives of the order Acarina).
  • Amide heterocyclic compounds with pesticidal action are known and described, for example, in
  • the present invention relates to compounds of formula I,
  • A is CH or N
  • Gi is N or CR 3 ;
  • G 2 is N or CR 4 ;
  • G 3 is O, S, S0 2 or CR 6 R 5 ;
  • R 3 and R 4 independently from each other, are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, C C 6 alkyl, C
  • C 6 haloalkyl or are C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl which can be mono- or polysubstituted by R 7 ; or are C 3 -
  • R 3 and R 4 independently from each other, are C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 haloalkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl,
  • C 2 -C 6 haloalkynyl C C 6 haloalkoxy, C C 6 alkoxy, C C 6 alkylsulfanyl, C C 4 alkylsulfonyl, C C 6 alkylsulfinyl C C 6 haloalkylsulfanyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfonyl, C C 6 haloalkylsulfinyl or hydroxyl;
  • R 5 and R 6 independently from each other, are hydrogen, C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkyl, halogen or cyano;
  • R 7 and R 8 independently from each other, are halogen, nitro, cyano, C C 4 haloalkoxy, C C 4 alkoxy C
  • Q is phenyl or naphtyl, said phenyl or naphtyl can be mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkyl, C C 4 haloalkoxy, C C 4 alkoxy, C C 4 haloalkylsulfanyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfinyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C 4 haloalkyl; or Q is a five- to twelve-membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic ring system linked via a carbon atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated and contain 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, it not being possible for each ring system to contain more than 2 oxygen atoms and more than 2 sulfur atoms, said
  • X is S, SO or S0 2 ;
  • Ri is C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl-C C 4 alkyl; or
  • Ri is C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl mono - or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C 4 haloalkyl and C C 4 alkyl; or
  • Ri is C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl-C C 4 alkyl mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C 4 haloalkyl and C C 4 alkyl; or
  • Ri is C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 haloalkenyl or C 2 -C 6 alkynyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C 6 haloalkyl, or C C 6 haloalkyl substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, methoxy and cyano; or
  • R 2 is C C 4 haloalkylsulfanyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfinyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfonyl, 0(C C 4 haloalkyl), or - C(0)C r C 4 haloalkyl;
  • R 2 is C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl mono - or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl and C C 4 haloalkyl; and
  • Y is O or S; and agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of those compounds.
  • Compounds of formula I which have at least one basic centre can form, for example, acid addition salts, for example with strong inorganic acids such as mineral acids, for example perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, a phosphorus acid or a hydrohalic acid, with strong organic carboxylic acids, such as C C alkanecarboxylic acids which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, for example acetic acid, such as saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid or phthalic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example ascorbic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or citric acid, or such as benzoic acid, or with organic sulfonic acids, such as C C 4 alkane- or arylsulfonic acids which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, for example methan
  • Compounds of formula I which have at least one acidic group can form, for example, salts with bases, for example mineral salts such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, for example sodium, potassium or magnesium salts, or salts with ammonia or an organic amine, such as morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, a mono-, di- or tri-lower- alkylamine, for example ethyl-, diethyl-, triethyl- or dimethylpropylamine, or a mono-, di- or trihydroxy- lower-alkylamine, for example mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
  • bases for example mineral salts such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, for example sodium, potassium or magnesium salts
  • salts with ammonia or an organic amine such as morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, a mono-, di- or tri-lower- alkylamine, for example ethyl-, diethyl
  • alkyl groups occurring in the definitions of the substituents can be straight-chain or branched and are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, nonyl, decyl and their branched isomers.
  • Alkylsulfanyl, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxy, alkenyl and alkynyl radicals are derived from the alkyl radicals mentioned.
  • the alkenyl and alkynyl groups can be mono- or polyunsaturated.
  • C di-alkylamino is dimethylamino.
  • Halogen is generally fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. This also applies, correspondingly, to halogen in combination with other meanings, such as haloalkyl or halophenyl.
  • Haloalkyl groups preferably have a chain length of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • Haloalkyl is, for example, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2- chloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 1 ,1 -difluoro-2,2,2-trichloroethyl, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoroethyl and 2,2,2- trichloroethyl.
  • Alkoxy is, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec- butoxy and tert-butoxy and also the isomeric pentyloxy and hexyloxy radicals.
  • Alkoxyalkyl groups preferably have a chain length of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • Alkoxyalkyl is, for example, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, n-propoxymethyl, n-propoxyethyl, isopropoxymethyl or isopropoxyethyl.
  • Alkoxycarbonyl is for example methoxycarbonyl (which is Cialkoxycarbonyl), ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, n- pentoxycarbonyl or hexoxycarbonyl.
  • Cycloalkyl groups are for example cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.
  • examples of a five- to six-membered, aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated ring system that are linked via a nitrogen atom to the ring which contains the group A are selected, but not limited, from pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolidinyl-2-one, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl and pyridinyl-2-one.
  • mono- to polysubstituted in the definition of the substituents, means typically, depending on the chemical structure of the substituents, monosubstituted to seven-times substituted, preferably monosubstituted to five-times substituted, more preferably mono-, double- or triple- substituted.
  • the compounds of formula I according to the invention also include hydrates which may be formed during the salt formation.
  • Q as a five- to twelve-membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic ring system that are linked via a carbon atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated and contains 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, it not being possible for each ring system to contain more than 2 oxygen atoms and more than 2 sulfur atoms or a three- to ten-membered, monocyclic or fused bicyclic ring system which may be aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated; is, depending of the number of ring members, is for example selected, but not limited, from the group consisting of the following heterocyclic groups: pyrrolyl; pyrazolyl; isoxazolyl; furanyl; thienyl; imidazolyl; oxazolyl; thiazolyl;
  • Q is a five- to six-membered, aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated ring system linked via a nitrogen atom to the ring which contains the group A, is for example selected, but not limited, from the group consisting of the following heterocyclic groups: Pyrazol-1 -yl; pyrrol-1 -yl; 1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl; 1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl; tetrazol-1 -yl.
  • Q is phenyl which can be mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl, C C haloalkyl, C r C haloalkoxy, C C 4 alkoxy, C r C haloalkylsulfanyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfinyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C 4 haloalkyl; or
  • Q is a five- to ten-membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic ring system linked via a carbon atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated and contain 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, it not being possible for each ring system to contain more than 2 oxygen atoms and more than 2 sulfur atoms, said five- to ten-membered ring system can be mono- to polysubstituted by substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkyl, C C 4 haloalkoxy, C C 4 alkoxy, C C 4 alkylsulfanyl, C C 4 alkylsulfinyl, C C 4 alkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C 4 alkyl,
  • Ri is C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl-C C 4 alkyl; or
  • Ri is C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl mono - or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano and C C 4 alkyl; or
  • Ri is C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl-C C 4 alkyl mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano and C C 4 alkyl; or
  • Ri is C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 haloalkenyl or C 2 -C 6 alkynyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C 6 haloalkyl, or C C 6 haloalkyl substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, methoxy and cyano; or
  • R 2 is C r C haloalkylsulfanyl, C C haloalkylsulfinyl, C C haloalkylsulfonyl, 0(C C haloalkyl), or - C(0)C r C 4 haloalkyl.
  • Q is selected from the group consisting of J-1 to J-48 (where the arrow represents the point of attachment of the heterocycle to the radical Q):
  • each group J-1 to J-48 can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkyl, C C 4 haloalkoxy, C C 4 alkoxy, C C 4 alkylsulfanyl, C C 4 alkylsulfinyl, C C 4 alkylsulfonyl, - C(0)C r C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfanyl, C r C 4 haloalkylsulfinyl, C r C 4 haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C 4 haloalkyl.
  • a preferred group of compounds of formula I is re resented by the compounds of formula 1-1
  • Y, A, R 2 , G-i , G 2 , G 3 and Q are as defined under formula I above;
  • Xai is S, SO or S0 2 ; and
  • Rai is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or cyclopropylmethyl.
  • Xai is preferably S0 2 and Rai is preferably ethyl, Y is preferably O, R 2 is in particular pentafluoroethyl or trifluoromethyl, preferably trifluoromethyl.
  • Q is selected from the group consisting of J-1 to J-48 (where the arrow represents the point of attachment of the heterocycle to the radical Q):
  • each group J-1 to J-48 can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl, C r C 4 haloalkyl, Ci-C 4 haloalkoxy, C C 4 alkoxy, C C alkylsulfanyl, C r C alkylsulfinyl, C C alkylsulfonyl, C(0)C r C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfanyl, C r C 4 haloalkylsulfinyl, C r C 4 haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C 4 haloalkyl.
  • Xa 2 is S, SO or S0 2 ; and Ra 2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or cyclopropylmethyl.
  • Xa 2 is preferably S0 2 ;
  • Ra 2 is preferably ethyl;
  • Y is preferably O;
  • R 2 is in particular pentafluoroethyl or trifluoromethyl, preferably trifluoromethyl.
  • Q is selected from the group consisting of J-1 to J-43 (where the arrow represents the point of attachment of the heterocycle to the radical Q):
  • each group J-1 to J-43 can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkyl, Ci-C 4 haloalkoxy, C C 4 alkoxy, C C alkylsulfanyl, C r C alkylsulfinyl, C C alkylsulfonyl, C(0)C r C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkylsulfanyl, C r C 4 haloalkylsulfinyl, C r C 4 haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C 4 haloalkyl.
  • R 2 , Gi , G 2 and Q are as defined under formula I above;
  • Y is O
  • A is CH or N
  • X a3 is S or S0 2 ;
  • R a3 is C C 4 alkyl
  • R 2 is C C 4 haloalkyl
  • Q is selected fro group consisting of the heterocycles
  • each preferred group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
  • each Rx is, independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkyl, C
  • C 4 haloalkoxy C C 4 alkoxy, C C 4 alkylsulfanyl, C C 4 alkylsulfinyl, C C 4 alkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C 4 alkyl, C
  • Q can be preferably mono- or disubstituted with Rx, whereby each Rx is, independently preferably selected from hydrogen, halogen, C C 4 alkyl, C
  • Y is O
  • A is CH or N
  • X a4 is S or S0 2 ;
  • R a4 is C C 4 alkyl
  • R 2 is C C 4 haloalkyl
  • each preferred group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
  • each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C alkyl,
  • C C 4 haloalkyl C C 4 haloalkoxy, C C 4 alkoxy, C C 4 alkylsulfanyl, C C 4 alkylsulfinyl, C C 4 alkylsulfonyl,
  • Q can be preferably mono- or disubstituted with Rx, whereby each Rx is, independently preferably selected from hydrogen, halogen, C C 4 alkyl, C
  • R 2 , Gi and G 2 are as defined under formula I above; Y is O;
  • A is CH or N
  • X a5 is S or S0 2 ;
  • R a5 is C C 4 alkyl
  • R 2 is C C 4 haloalkyl
  • each preferred group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
  • each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl,
  • Q is most referably J-1 , J-43 or J-30
  • R 2 is most preferably hydrogen or C C 4 haloalkyl
  • Gi is CR 3 , wherein R 3 is preferably hydrogen or C C 4 alkyl and G 2 is preferably N or CR 4 , wherein R 4 is hydrogen.
  • A is CH or N
  • X a6 is S or S0 2 ;
  • R a6 is C C 4 alkyl
  • R 2 is C C 4 haloalkyl
  • each preferred group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
  • each Rx is, independently selected from, hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkyl, C C 4 alkoxy, C C 4 alkylsulfanyl and C C 4 haloalkoxy.
  • A is N or CH, preferably N;
  • Ri is C C 4 alkyl, preferably ethyl
  • R 2 is hydrogen or C C 4 haloalkyl
  • Gi is CR 3 , wherein R 3 is hydrogen or C C 4 haloalkyl
  • G 2 is N , the N-oxide or CR 4 , wherein R 4 is hydrogen;
  • G 3 is -CH 2 -;
  • X is S or S0 2 ;
  • Y is O; and Q is pyrazolyl which can be mono-substituted by C C 4 haloalkyl; or
  • Q is pyridyl which can be mono- or di-substituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and C C 4 haloalkyl; or
  • Q is imidazolyl which can be mono- or di-substituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and C C 4 haloalkyl, said imidazolyl can be substituted at one N-atom by methyl; or
  • Q is pyrazinyl
  • Q is thiophenyl which can be mono-substituted by C C 4 alkyl; or
  • Q is phenyl which can be mono-, di- or tri-substituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C 4 alkyl, C C 4 haloalkoxy, C C 4 haloalkylsulfanyl and C C 4 haloalkyl, or
  • Q is pyrimidinyl which can be mono-substituted by C C alkoxy;
  • the subgroup of compounds of formula I, wherein X is SO (sulfoxide) and/or S0 2 (sulfone), may be obtained by means of an oxidation reaction of the corresponding sulfide compounds of formula I, wherein X is S, involving reagents such as, for example, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), hydrogen peroxide, oxone, sodium periodate, sodium hypochlorite or tert-butyl hypochlorite amongst other oxidants.
  • mCPBA m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid
  • the oxidation reaction is generally conducted in the presence of a solvent.
  • the solvent to be used in the reaction include aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons such as
  • the amount of the oxidant to be used in the reaction is generally 1 to 3 moles, preferably 1 to 1 .2 moles, relative to 1 mole of the sulfide compounds I to produce the sulfoxide compounds I, and preferably 2 to 2.2 moles of oxidant, relative to 1 mole of of the sulfide compounds I to produce the sulfone compounds I.
  • Such oxidation reactions are disclosed, for example, in WO 2013/018928.
  • a compound of formula II may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula II, or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or a hydrobromide salt, or any other equivalent salt), wherein G-i, G 2 , G 3 and R 2 are as defined above, with a compound of formula III, wherein X is S, SO or S0 2 and Y is O and wherein A, Ri and Q are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group such as a halogen (especially chlorine), optionally in presence of an acylating catalyst, such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), preferably in presence of a base, such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine or pyridine, in an inert solvent at temperatures between 0 and 50°C.
  • a compound of formula II or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or a hydrobromide salt, or any
  • solvent to be used examples include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tert-butylmethyl ether, and 1 ,4-dioxane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform, nitriles such as acetonitrile or polar aprotic solvents such as ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylformamide, N,N- dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or dimethyl sulfoxide.
  • ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tert-butylmethyl ether, and 1 ,4-dioxane
  • aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene
  • halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform
  • nitriles such as acetonitrile
  • X is S, SO or S0 2 and Y is O, and wherein A, Ri and Q are as defined above, by methods known to those skilled in the art and described in, for example, Tetrahedron, 2005, 61 (46), 10827-10852.
  • compounds III where LGi is halogen, preferably chlorine are formed by treatment of Ilia with, for example, oxalyl chloride (COCI) 2 or thionyl chloride SOCI 2 in the presence of catalytic quantities of ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylformamide DMF in inert solvents such as methylene chloride CH 2 CI 2 or tetrahydrofuran THF at temperatures between 20 to 100°C, preferably 25°C.
  • COCI oxalyl chloride
  • SOCI 2 thionyl chloride
  • Compounds of formula Ilia, wherein X is SO (sulfoxide) and/or S0 2 (sulfone), may be obtained by means of an oxidation reaction of the corresponding sulfide compounds of formula Ilia, wherein X is S, involving reagents such as, for example, m-chloroperoxy-benzoic acid (mCPBA), hydrogen peroxide, oxone, sodium periodate, sodium hypochlorite or tert-butyl hypochlorite amongst other oxidants.
  • mCPBA m-chloroperoxy-benzoic acid
  • hydrogen peroxide oxone
  • sodium periodate sodium hypochlorite
  • tert-butyl hypochlorite tert-butyl hypochlorite amongst other oxidants.
  • the oxidation reaction is generally conducted in the presence of a solvent.
  • Examples of the solvent to be used in the reaction include aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform; alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; acetic acid; water; and mixtures thereof.
  • the amount of the oxidant to be used in the reaction is generally 1 to 3 moles, preferably 1 to 1 .2 moles, relative to 1 mole of the sulfide compounds Ilia to produce the sulfoxide compounds II, and preferably 2 to 2.2 moles of oxidant, relative to 1 mole of of the sulfide compounds II to produce the sulfone compounds II.
  • Such oxidation reactions are disclosed, for example, in WO 2013/018928.
  • N-oxides of compounds of the formula I can be prepared by reacting a compound of the formula I with a suitable oxidizing agent, such as, for example, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), hydrogen peroxide, oxone, sodium periodate, sodium hypochlorite or tert-butyl hypochlorite amongst other oxidants.
  • a suitable oxidizing agent such as, for example, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), hydrogen peroxide, oxone, sodium periodate, sodium hypochlorite or tert-butyl hypochlorite amongst other oxidants.
  • the oxidation reaction is generally conducted in the presence of a solvent.
  • the solvent to be used in the reaction include aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform; alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; acetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid; water; and mixtures thereof.
  • H 2 0 2 /urea adduct in the presence of an acid anhydride, e.g. trifluoroacetic anhydride.
  • an acid anhydride e.g. trifluoroacetic anhydride.
  • the oxidation reaction is conducted in the presence of a catalyst such as, for example, sodium tungstate, and the like.
  • X is S X is SO or SO2
  • a compound of formula IV wherein A and Q are as defined above, and wherein R is C C 4 alkyl or hydrogen and in which LG is a leaving group such as, for example, a halogen (preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine) or nitro, with a compound of formula V, or a salt thereof Va
  • Ri is as defined in formula I, optionally in the presence of a suitable base, such as alkali metal carbonates, for example sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride, or alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, optionally in the presence of a catalytic amount of an additive, such as an ammonium salt (for example
  • tetrabutylammonium bromide TBAB in an inert solvent at temperatures preferably between 25-120°C.
  • solvent to be used include ethers such as THF, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tert- butylmethyl ether, and 1 ,4-dioxane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, nitriles such as acetonitrile, polar aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide, ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2- pyrrolidone or dimethyl sulfoxide, or water.
  • salts of the compound of formula V include compounds of the formula Va
  • R-i-S-M (Va), wherein Ri is as defined above and wherein M is, for example, sodium or potassium.
  • Oxidation of compounds of formula Ilia, wherein X is S and Y is O, and wherein A, Ri and Q are as defined above, with a suitable oxidizing agent, into compounds of formula Ilia, wherein X is SO or S0 2 may be achieved under conditions already described above.
  • a Suzuki reaction which involves for example, reacting compounds of formula VI, wherein A, Rand LG are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group like, for example, chlorine, bromine or iodine (preferably bromine), or an aryl- or alkylsulfonate such as trifluoromethane-sulfonate, with compounds of formula VII, wherein Q is as defined above, and wherein Mi can be a boron-derived functional group, such as for example B(OH) 2 or B(OR 1 ) 2 wherein R b1 can be a C C 4 alkyl group or the two groups OR b i can form together with the boron atom a five membered ring, as for example a pinacol boronic ester.
  • a Suzuki reaction which involves for example, reacting compounds of formula VI, wherein A, Rand LG are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group like, for example, chlorine, bromine or iodine (preferably bromine), or an
  • the reaction may be catalyzed by a palladium based catalyst, for example ieira/ /s(triphenylphosphine)-palladium or (1 ,1 'bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)dichloro-palladium- dichloromethane (1 :1 complex), in presence of a base, like sodium carbonate or cesium fluoride, in a solvent or a solvent mixture, like, for example a mixture of 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane and water or of dioxane and water, preferably under inert atmosphere.
  • the reaction temperature can preferentially range from room temperature to the boiling point of the reaction mixture.
  • Suzuki reactions are well known to those skilled in the art and have been reviewed, for example, in J. Orgmet. Chem. 576, 1999, 147-168.
  • compounds of formula IV wherein A, Q, R and LG are as defined above, may be prepared by a Stille reaction between compounds of formula Vila wherein M 2 is a trialkyl tin derivative, preferably tri-n-butyl tin and compounds of formula VI, wherein LG and LGi are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group like, for example, chlorine, bromine or iodine (preferably bromine), or an aryl- or alkylsulfonate such as trifluoromethane-sulfonate.
  • M 2 is a trialkyl tin derivative, preferably tri-n-butyl tin and compounds of formula VI, wherein LG and LGi are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group like, for example, chlorine, bromine or iodine (preferably bromine), or an aryl- or alkylsulfonate such as trifluoromethane-sulfonate.
  • Such Stille reactions are usually carried out in the presence of a palladium catalyst, for example ieira/ ;s(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), or bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(ll) dichloride, in an inert solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, toluene or dioxane, optionally in the presence of an additive, such as cesium fluoride, or lithium chloride, and optionally in the presence of a further catalyst, for example copper(l)iodide.
  • a palladium catalyst for example ieira/ ;s(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), or bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(ll) dichloride
  • an inert solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, toluene or dioxane
  • an additive such as cesium fluoride, or lithium chloride
  • VIII may be prepared from the corresponding carboxylic acid compounds of formula VIII, wherein A, LG and LGi are as defined above, by reaction with an alcohol of formula IX, wherein R is C C 4 alkyl , optionally in the presence of an acid (such as sulfuric acid), or alternatively optionally in presence of an activating agent, such as for example oxalyl chloride (COCI) 2 .
  • an activating agent such as for example oxalyl chloride (COCI) 2 .
  • heterocycle Q-H which contains an appropriate NH functionality
  • a base such as potassium carbonate K 2 C0 3 or cesium carbonate Cs 2 C0 3
  • a copper catalyst for example copper(l) iodide, with or without an additive such as L-proline, N,N'-dimethylcyclohexane-1 ,2-diamine or ⁇ , ⁇ '-dimethylethylene-diamine, in an inert solvent such as N- methylpyrrolidone NMP or ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylfoimamide DMF at temperatures between 30-150°C.
  • C-N Bond Formation is illustrated below for the heterocycle Q-H J-30, wherein J30 is or not mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx
  • X is S
  • A, Ri and LGi are as defined above, for example through heating in concentrated acid, such as concentrated hydrochloric acid HCI cone, optionally in the presence of an inert solvent, such as ethers (for example tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or 1 ,4-dioxane).
  • concentrated acid such as concentrated hydrochloric acid HCI cone
  • an inert solvent such as ethers (for example tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or 1 ,4-dioxane).
  • Compounds of formula XVIII, wherein X is S, and wherein A, Ri and LGi are as defined above, may be prepared by reacting compounds of formula XVII, wherein A and LGi are as defined above, and in which wherein LG is a leaving group such as, for example, a halogen (preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine) or nitro, with a compound of formula V, or a salt thereof Va, wherein Ri is as defined in formula I, optionally in the presence of a suitable base, such as alkali metal carbonates, for example sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride, or alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, optionally in the presence of a catalytic amount of an additive, such as an ammonium salt (for example tetrabutylammonium bromide TBAB), in an inert solvent at temperatures preferably between 25-120°C.
  • an additive such as an ammonium salt
  • solvent to be used examples include ethers such as THF, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tert-butylmethyl ether, and 1 ,4-dioxane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, nitriles such as acetonitrile, polar aprotic solvents such as ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylformamide, ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or dimethyl sulfoxide, or water.
  • salts of the compound of formula V include compounds of the formula Va
  • Ri-S-M (Va), wherein Ri is as defined above and wherein M is, for example, sodium or potassium.
  • Oxidation of compounds of formula XIV, wherein X is S, and wherein A, Ri and LGi are as defined above, with a suitable oxidizing agent, into compounds of formula XIV, wherein X is SO or S0 2 may be achieved under conditions already described above.
  • the reactants can be reacted in the presence of a base.
  • suitable bases are alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydrides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal acetates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal dialkylamides or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkylsilylamides, alkylamines, alkylenediamines, free or N-alkylated saturated or unsaturated cycloalkylamines, basic heterocycles, ammonium hydroxides and carbocyclic amines.
  • Examples which may be mentioned are sodium hydroxide, sodium hydride, sodium amide, sodium methoxide, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydride, lithium diisopropylamide, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, calcium hydride, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, triethylenediamine, cyclohexylamine, N-cyclohexyl- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylamine, ⁇ , ⁇ -diethylaniline, pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine, quinuclidine, N- methylmorpholine, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide and 1 ,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU).
  • the reactants can be reacted with each other as such, i.e. without adding a solvent or diluent. In most cases, however, it is advantageous to add an inert solvent or diluent or a mixture of these. If the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base, bases which are employed in excess, such as triethylamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine or ⁇ , ⁇ -diethylaniline, may also act as solvents or diluents.
  • reaction is advantageously carried out in a temperature range from approximately -80°C to approximately +140°C, preferably from approximately -30°C to approximately +100°C, in many cases in the range between ambient temperature and approximately +80°C.
  • a compound of formula I can be converted in a manner known per se into another compound of formula I by replacing one or more substituents of the starting compound of formula I in the customary manner by (an)other substituent(s) according to the invention.
  • Salts of compounds of formula I can be prepared in a manner known per se.
  • acid addition salts of compounds of formula I are obtained by treatment with a suitable acid or a suitable ion exchanger reagent and salts with bases are obtained by treatment with a suitable base or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent.
  • Salts of compounds of formula I can be converted in the customary manner into the free compounds I, acid addition salts, for example, by treatment with a suitable basic compound or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent and salts with bases, for example, by treatment with a suitable acid or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent.
  • Salts of compounds of formula I can be converted in a manner known per se into other salts of compounds of formula I, acid addition salts, for example, into other acid addition salts, for example by treatment of a salt of inorganic acid such as hydrochloride with a suitable metal salt such as a sodium, barium or silver salt, of an acid, for example with silver acetate, in a suitable solvent in which an inorganic salt which forms, for example silver chloride, is insoluble and thus precipitates from the reaction mixture.
  • a salt of inorganic acid such as hydrochloride
  • a suitable metal salt such as a sodium, barium or silver salt
  • an acid for example with silver acetate
  • an inorganic salt which forms, for example silver chloride is insoluble and thus precipitates from the reaction mixture.
  • the compounds of formula I, which have salt- forming properties can be obtained in free form or in the form of salts.
  • the compounds of formula I and, where appropriate, the tautomers thereof, in each case in free form or in salt form, can be present in the form of one of the isomers which are possible or as a mixture of these, for example in the form of pure isomers, such as antipodes and/or diastereomers, or as isomer mixtures, such as enantiomer mixtures, for example racemates, diastereomer mixtures or racemate mixtures, depending on the number, absolute and relative configuration of asymmetric carbon atoms which occur in the molecule and/or depending on the configuration of non-aromatic double bonds which occur in the molecule; the invention relates to the pure isomers and also to all isomer mixtures which are possible and is to be understood in each case in this sense hereinabove and herein below, even when stereochemical details are not mentioned specifically in each case.
  • Diastereomer mixtures or racemate mixtures of compounds of formula I, in free form or in salt form, which can be obtained depending on which starting materials and procedures have been chosen can be separated in a known manner into the pure diasteromers or racemates on the basis of the
  • Enantiomer mixtures such as racemates, which can be obtained in a similar manner can be resolved into the optical antipodes by known methods, for example by recrystallization from an optically active solvent, by chromatography on chiral adsorbents, for example high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on acetyl celulose, with the aid of suitable microorganisms, by cleavage with specific, immobilized enzymes, via the formation of inclusion compounds, for example using chiral crown ethers, where only one enantiomer is complexed, or by conversion into diastereomeric salts, for example by reacting a basic end-product racemate with an optically active acid, such as a carboxylic acid, for example camphor, tartaric or malic acid, or sulfonic acid, for example camphorsulfonic acid, and separating the diastereomer mixture which can be obtained in this manner, for example by fractional crystallization based on their differing solubilities, to give the
  • Pure diastereomers or enantiomers can be obtained according to the invention not only by separating suitable isomer mixtures, but also by generally known methods of diastereoselective or enantioselective synthesis, for example by carrying out the process according to the invention with starting materials of a suitable stereochemistry.
  • N-oxides can be prepared by reacting a compound of the formula I with a suitable oxidizing agent, for example the H 2 0 2 /urea adduct in the presence of an acid anhydride, e.g. trifluoroacetic anhydride.
  • a suitable oxidizing agent for example the H 2 0 2 /urea adduct
  • an acid anhydride e.g. trifluoroacetic anhydride
  • Table X This table discloses 38 substituent definitions X.001 to X.038 of the formula 1-1 a:
  • Table 1 discloses the 38 compounds 1.001 to 1.038 of the formula 1-1 a, wherein X is S, Y is O, and A, R-i , R 2 , G-i , G 2 and Q are as defined in Table X.
  • compound No. 1 .001 has the following structure:
  • Table 2 This table discloses the 38 compounds 2.001 to 2.038 of the formula 1-1 a, wherein X is SO, Y is O, and A, R-i , R 2 , G-i , G 2 and Q are as defined in Table X.
  • Table 3 This table discloses the 38 compounds 3.001 to 3.038 of the formula 1-1 a, wherein X is S0 2 , Y is O, and A, R ⁇ R 2 , G,, G 2 and Q are as defined in Table X.
  • the compounds of formula I according to the invention are preventively and/or curatively valuable active ingredients in the field of pest control, even at low rates of application, which have a very favourable biocidal spectrum and are well tolerated by warm-blooded species, fish and plants.
  • the active ingredients according to the invention act against all or individual developmental stages of normally sensitive, but also resistant, animal pests, such as insects or representatives of the order Acarina.
  • the insecticidal or acaricidal activity of the active ingredients according to the invention can manifest itself directly, i. e. in destruction of the pests, which takes place either immediately or only after some time has elapsed, for example during ecdysis, or indirectly, for example in a reduced oviposition and/or hatching rate. Examples of the abovementioned animal pests are:
  • Haematopinus spp. Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Pemphigus spp. and Phylloxera spp.;
  • Agriotes spp. Amphimallon majale, Anomala orientalis, Anthonomus spp., Aphodius spp, Astylus atromaculatus, Ataenius spp, Atomaria linearis, Chaetocnema tibialis, Cerotoma spp, Conoderus spp, Cosmopolites spp., Cotinis nitida, Curculio spp., Cyclocephala spp, Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., Diloboderus abderus, Epilachna spp., Eremnus spp., Heteronychus arator, Hypothenemus hampei, Lagria vilosa, Leptinotarsa decemLineata, Lissorhoptrus spp., Liogenys spp, Maecolaspis spp, Maladera castanea, Megas
  • Thyanta spp Triatoma spp., Vatiga illudens; Acyrthosium pisum, Adalges spp, Agalliana ensigera, Agonoscena targionii, Aleurodicus spp,
  • Aleurocanthus spp Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Aleyrodes brassicae, Amarasca biguttula, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aonidiella spp., Aphididae, Aphis spp., Aspidiotus spp., Aulacorthum solani, Bactericera cockerelli, Bemisia spp, Brachycaudus spp, Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp, Cavariella aegopodii Scop., Ceroplaster spp., Chrysomphalus aonidium, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Cicadella spp, Cofana spectra, Cryptomyzus spp, Cicadulina spp, Coccus hesperidum, Dalbulus maidis, Dialeurodes spp, Diaphorin
  • Coptotermes spp Coptotermes spp, Corniternes cumulans, Incisitermes spp, Macrotermes spp, Mastotermes spp,
  • Blatta spp. Blattella spp., Gryllotalpa spp., Leucophaea maderae, Locusta spp., Neocurtilla hexadactyla, Periplaneta spp. , Scapteriscus spp, and Schistocerca spp.;
  • Thysanoptera for example
  • Thysanura for example, Lepisma saccharina.
  • the active ingredients according to the invention can be used for controlling, i. e. containing or destroying, pests of the abovementioned type which occur in particular on plants, especially on useful plants and ornamentals in agriculture, in horticulture and in forests, or on organs, such as fruits, flowers, foliage, stalks, tubers or roots, of such plants, and in some cases even plant organs which are formed at a later point in time remain protected against these pests.
  • target crops and/or useful plants to be protected typically comprise perennial and annual crops, such as berry plants for example blackberries, blueberries, cranberries, raspberries and strawberries; cereals for example barley, maize (corn), millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum triticale and wheat; fibre plants for example cotton, flax, hemp, jute and sisal; field crops for example sugar and fodder beet, coffee, hops, mustard, oilseed rape (canola), poppy, sugar cane, sunflower, tea and tobacco; fruit trees for example apple, apricot, avocado, banana, cherry, citrus, nectarine, peach, pear and plum; grasses for example Bermuda grass, bluegrass, bentgrass, centipede grass, fescue, ryegrass, St.
  • perennial and annual crops such as berry plants for example blackberries, blueberries, cranberries, raspberries and strawberries
  • cereals for example barley, maize (corn), millet, oats
  • Augustine grass and Zoysia grass herbs such as basil, borage, chives, coriander, lavender, lovage, mint, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage and thyme; legumes for example beans, lentils, peas and soya beans; nuts for example almond, cashew, ground nut, hazelnut, peanut, pecan, pistachio and walnut; palms for example oil palm; ornamentals for example flowers, shrubs and trees; other trees, for example cacao, coconut, olive and rubber; vegetables for example asparagus, aubergine, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cucumber, garlic, lettuce, marrow, melon, okra, onion, pepper, potato, pumpkin, rhubarb, spinach and tomato; and vines for example grapes.
  • herbs such as basil, borage, chives, coriander, lavender, lovage, mint, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage and thyme
  • legumes for example beans, lentils, peas and soya beans
  • the active ingredients according to the invention are especially suitable for controlling Aphis craccivora, Diabrotica balteata, Heliothis virescens, Myzus persicae, Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera littoralis in cotton, vegetable, maize, rice and soya crops.
  • the active ingredients according to the invention are further especially suitable for controlling Mamestra (preferably in vegetables), Cydia pomonella
  • the invention may also relate to a method of controlling damage to plant and parts thereof by plant parasitic nematodes (Endoparasitic-, Semiendoparasitic- and Ectoparasitic nematodes), especially plant parasitic nematodes such as root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne arenaria and other Meloidogyne species; cyst-forming nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis and other Globodera species; Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Heterodera trifolii, and other Heterodera species; Seed gall nematodes, Anguina species; Stem and foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides species; Sting nematodes, Belonolai
  • Heliocotylenchus multicinctus and other Helicotylenchus species Sheath and sheathoid nematodes, Hem ycliophora species and Hemicriconemoides species; Hirshmanniella species; Lance nematodes, Hoploaimus species; false rootknot nematodes, Nacobbus species; Needle nematodes, Longidorus elongatus and other Longidorus species; Pin nematodes, Pratylenchus species; Lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus curvitatus, Pratylenchus goodeyi and other Pratylenchus species; Burrowing nematodes, Radopholus similis and other Radopholus species; Reniform nematodes, Rotylenchus robustus, Rotylenchus reniformis and other Rotylenchus species
  • Bradybaenidae (Bradybaena fruticum); Cepaea (C. hortensis, C. Nemoralis); ochlodina; Deroceras (D. agrestis, D. empiricorum, D. laeve, D. reticulatum); Discus (D. rotundatus); Euomphalia; Galba (G. trunculata); Helicelia (H. itala, H. obvia); Helicidae Helicigona arbustorum); Helicodiscus; Helix (H.
  • crops is to be understood as including also crop plants which have been so transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising one or more selectively acting toxins, such as are known, for example, from toxin-producing bacteria, especially those of the genus Bacillus.
  • Toxins that can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins, for example insecticidal proteins from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus popilliae; or insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as ⁇ -endotoxins, e.g. CrylAb, CrylAc, Cryl F, Cry1 Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), e.g. Vip1 , Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A; or insecticidal proteins of bacteria colonising nematodes, for example Photorhabdus spp.
  • insecticidal proteins for example insecticidal proteins from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus popilliae
  • Bacillus thuringiensis such as ⁇ -endotoxins, e.g. CrylAb, CrylAc, Cryl F, Cry1 Fa2, Cry2Ab,
  • Xenorhabdus spp. such as Photorhabdus luminescens, Xenorhabdus nematophilus
  • toxins produced by animals such as scorpion toxins, arachnid toxins, wasp toxins and other insect-specific neurotoxins
  • toxins produced by fungi such as Streptomycetes toxins, plant lectins, such as pea lectins, barley lectins or snowdrop lectins;
  • agglutinins agglutinins
  • proteinase inhibitors such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, patatin, cystatin, papain inhibitors
  • ribosome-inactivating proteins RIP
  • steroid metabolism enzymes such as 3-hydroxysteroidoxidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyl- transferase, cholesterol oxidases, ecdysone inhibitors, HMG-COA-reductase, ion channel blockers, such as blockers of sodium or calcium channels, juvenile hormone esterase, diuretic hormone receptors, stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinases and glucanases.
  • proteinase inhibitors such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, patatin, cystatin, papain inhibitors
  • RIP ribosome-inactivating proteins
  • steroid metabolism enzymes such as 3-hydroxy
  • ⁇ -endotoxins for example CrylAb, CrylAc, Cry1 F, Cry1 Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), for example Vip1 , Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A, expressly also hybrid toxins, truncated toxins and modified toxins.
  • Hybrid toxins are produced recombinantly by a new combination of different domains of those proteins
  • Truncated toxins for example a truncated CrylAb
  • modified toxins one or more amino acids of the naturally occurring toxin are replaced.
  • non-naturally present protease recognition sequences are inserted into the toxin , such as, for example, in the case of Cry3A055, a cathepsin-G-recognition sequence is inserted into a Cry3A toxin (see WO 03/018810).
  • Examples of such toxins or transgenic plants capable of synthesising such toxins are disclosed, for example, in EP-A-0 374 753, WO 93/07278, WO 95/34656, EP-A-0 427 529, EP-A-451 878 and WO 03/052073.
  • Cryl-type deoxyribonucleic acids and their preparation are known, for example, from WO 95/34656, EP-A-0 367 474, EP-A-0 401 979 and WO 90/13651 .
  • the toxin contained in the transgenic plants imparts to the plants tolerance to harmful insects.
  • insects can occur in any taxonomb group of insects, but are especially commonly found in the beetles (Coleoptera), two-winged insects (Diptera) and moths (Lepidoptera).
  • Transgenic plants containing one or more genes that code for an insecticidal resistance and express one or more toxins are known and some of them are commercially available. Examples of such plants are: YieldGard® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1 Ab toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (maize variety that expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin); YieldGard Plus® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1 Ab and a Cry3Bb1 toxin); Starlink® (maize variety that expresses a Cry9C toxin); Herculex I® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1 Fa2 toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricine N-acetyltransferase (PAT) to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1 Ac toxin);
  • Bollgard I® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1 Ac toxin);
  • Bollgard II® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry 1 Ac and a Cry2Ab toxin);
  • VipCot® (cotton variety that expresses a Vip3A and a Cry1 Ab toxin);
  • NewLeaf® (potato variety that expresses a Cry3A toxin); NatureGard®, Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate-tolerant trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt1 1 corn borer (CB) trait) and Protecta®.
  • transgenic crops are:
  • MIR604 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Maize which has been rendered insect-resistant by transgenic expression of a modified Cry3A toxin. This toxin is Cry3A055 modified by insertion of a cathepsin-G- protease recognition sequence. The preparation of such transgenic maize plants is described in WO 03/018810.
  • MON 863 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1 150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/DE/02/9. MON 863 expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin and has resistance to certain Coleoptera insects.
  • NK603 x MON 810 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1 150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/GB/02/M3/03. Consists of conventionally bred hybrid maize varieties by crossing the genetically modified varieties NK603 and MON 810.
  • NK603 ⁇ MON 810 Maize transgenically expresses the protein CP4 EPSPS, obtained from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, which imparts tolerance to the herbicide Roundup® (contains glyphosate), and also a Cry1 Ab toxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki which brings about tolerance to certain Lepidoptera, include the European com borer.
  • Crops may also be modified for enhanced resistance to fungal (for example Fusarium, Anthracnose, or Phytophthora), bacterial (for example Pseudomonas) or viral (for example potato leafroll virus, tomato spotted wilt virus, cucumber mosaic virus) pathogens. Crops also include those that have enhanced resistance to nematodes, such as the soybean cyst nematode.
  • fungal for example Fusarium, Anthracnose, or Phytophthora
  • bacterial for example Pseudomonas
  • viral for example potato leafroll virus, tomato spotted wilt virus, cucumber mosaic virus pathogens.
  • Crops also include those that have enhanced resistance to nematodes, such as the soybean cyst nematode.
  • Crops that are tolerance to abiotic stress include those that have enhanced tolerance to drought, high salt, high temperature, chill, frost, or light radiation, for example through expression of NF-YB or other proteins known in the art.
  • Antipathogenic substances which can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, ion channel blockers, such as blockers for sodium and calcium channels, for example the viral KP1 , KP4 or KP6 toxins; stilbene synthases; bibenzyl synthases; chitinases; glucanases; the so-called "pathogenesis- related proteins" (PRPs; see e.g. EP-A-0 392 225); antipathogenic substances produced by ion channel blockers, such as blockers for sodium and calcium channels, for example the viral KP1 , KP4 or KP6 toxins; stilbene synthases; bibenzyl synthases; chitinases; glucanases; the so-called "pathogenesis- related proteins" (PRPs; see e.g. EP-A-0 392 225); antipathogenic substances produced by PRPs; see e.g. EP-A-0 392 225; antipathogenic substances produced by
  • compositions according to the invention are the protection of stored goods and store rooms and the protection of raw materials, such as wood, textiles, floor coverings or buildings, and also in the hygiene sector, especially the protection of humans, domestic animals and productive livestock against pests of the mentioned type.
  • the present invention also provides a method for controlling pests (such as mosquitoes and other disease vectors; see also http://www.who.int malaria/vector_control/irs/en/).
  • the method for controlling pests comprises applying the compositions of the invention to the target pests, to their locus or to a surface or substrate by brushing, rolling, spraying, spreading or dipping.
  • an IRS (indoor residual spraying) application of a surface such as a wall, ceiling or floor surface is contemplated by the method of the invention.
  • the method for controlling such pests comprises applying a pesticidally effective amount of the compositions of the invention to the target pests, to their locus, or to a surface or substrate so as to provide effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface or substrate.
  • a pesticidally effective amount of the compositions of the invention to the target pests, to their locus, or to a surface or substrate so as to provide effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface or substrate.
  • Such application may be made by brushing, rolling, spraying, spreading or dipping the pesticidal composition of the invention.
  • an IRS application of a surface such as a wall, ceiling or floor surface is contemplated by the method of the invention so as to provide effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface.
  • it is contemplated to apply such compositions for residual control of pests on a substrate such as a fabric material in the form of (or which can be used in the manufacture of) netting, clothing, bedding, curtains and tents.
  • Substrates including non-woven, fabrics or netting to be treated may be made of natural fibres such as cotton, raffia, jute, flax, sisal, hessian, or wool, or synthetic fibres such as polyamide, polyester, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile or the like.
  • the polyesters are particularly suitable.
  • the methods of textile treatment are known, e.g. from WO 2008/151984, WO 03/034823, US 5631072, WO 2005/64072, WO2006/128870, EP 1724392, WO 2005/1 13886 or WO 2007/090739.
  • compositions according to the invention are the field of tree injection/trunk treatment for all ornamental trees as well all sort of fruit and nut trees.
  • the compounds according to the present invention are especially suitable against wood-boring insects from the order Lepidoptera as mentioned above and from the order Coleoptera, especially against woodborers listed in the following tables A and B:
  • Agrilus sayi Bayberry, Sweetfern
  • Rhododendron Rhadodendron, Azalea, Laurel, Poplar, Willow, Mulberry
  • Phloeotribus liminaris Peach, Cherry, Plum, Black cherry,
  • the present invention may be also used to control any insect pests that may be present in turfgrass, including for example beetles, caterpillars, fire ants, ground pearls, millipedes, sow bugs, mites, mole crickets, scales, mealybugs ticks, spittlebugs, southern chinch bugs and white grubs.
  • the present invention may be used to control insect pests at various stages of their life cycle, including eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults. ln particular, the present invention may be used to control insect pests that feed on the roots of turfgrass including white grubs (such as Cyclocephala spp. (e.g. masked chafer, C. lurida), Rhizotrogus spp. (e.g. European chafer, R. majalis), Cotinus spp. (e.g. Green June beetle, C. nitida), Popillia spp. (e.g.
  • Japanese beetle, P. japonica Phyllophaga spp. (e.g. May/June beetle), Ataenius spp. (e.g. Black turfgrass ataenius, A. spretulus), Maladera spp. (e.g. Asiatic garden beetle, M. castanea) and Tomarus spp.), ground pearls (Margarodes spp.), mole crickets (tawny, southern, and short-winged; Scaptehscus spp., Gryllotalpa africana) and leatherjackets (European crane fly, Tipula spp.).
  • Phyllophaga spp. e.g. May/June beetle
  • Ataenius spp. e.g. Black turfgrass ataenius, A. spretulus
  • Maladera spp. e.g. Asiatic garden beetle, M. castanea
  • the present invention may also be used to control insect pests of turfgrass that are thatch dwelling, including armyworms (such as fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, and common armyworm
  • the present invention may also be used to control insect pests of turfgrass that live above the ground and feed on the turfgrass leaves, including chinch bugs (such as southern chinch bugs, Blissus insularis), Bermudagrass mite (Ehophyes cynodoniensis), rhodesgrass mealybug (Antonina graminis), two-lined spittlebug (Propsapia bicincta), leafhoppers, cutworms (Noctuidae family), and greenbugs.
  • chinch bugs such as southern chinch bugs, Blissus insularis
  • Bermudagrass mite Ehophyes cynodoniensis
  • rhodesgrass mealybug Antonina graminis
  • two-lined spittlebug Propsapia bicincta
  • the present invention may also be used to control other pests of turfgrass such as red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) that create ant mounds in turf.
  • red imported fire ants Solenopsis invicta
  • compositions according to the invention are active against ectoparasites such as hard ticks, soft ticks, mange mites, harvest mites, flies (biting and licking), parasitic fly larvae, lice, hair lice, bird lice and fleas.
  • ectoparasites such as hard ticks, soft ticks, mange mites, harvest mites, flies (biting and licking), parasitic fly larvae, lice, hair lice, bird lice and fleas. Examples of such parasites are:
  • Anoplurida Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp. and Phtirus spp., Solenopotes spp..
  • Mallophagida Trimenopon spp., Menopon spp., Trinoton spp., Bovicola spp., Werneckiella spp., Lepikentron spp., Damalina spp., Trichodectes spp. and Felicola spp..
  • Nematocerina and Brachycerina for example Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp., Simulium spp., Eusimulium spp., Phlebotomus spp., Lutzomyia spp., Culicoides spp., Chrysops spp., Hybomitra spp., Atylotus spp., Tabanus spp., Haematopota spp.,
  • Philipomyia spp. Braula spp., Musca spp., Hydrotaea spp., Stomoxys spp., Haematobia spp., Morellia spp., Fannia spp., Glossina spp., Calliphora spp., Lucilia spp., Chrysomyia spp., Wohlfahrtia spp., Sarcophaga spp., Oestrus spp., Hypoderma spp., Gasterophilus spp., Hippobosca spp., Lipoptena spp. and Melophagus spp..
  • Siphonaptrida for example Pulex spp., Ctenocephalides spp., Xenopsylla spp.
  • Heteropterida for example Cimex spp., Triatoma spp., Rhodnius spp., Panstrongylus spp..
  • Actinedida Prostigmata
  • Acaridida Acaridida
  • Acarapis spp. Cheyletiella spp., Ornitrocheyletia spp., Myobia spp., Psorergatesspp., Demodex spp., Trombicula spp., Listrophorus spp., Acarus spp., Tyrophagus spp., Caloglyphus spp., Hypodectes spp., Pterolichus spp., Psoroptes spp., Chorioptes spp., Otodectes spp., Sarcoptes spp., Notoedres spp., Knemidocoptes spp., Cytodites spp.
  • compositions according to the invention are also suitable for protecting against insect infestation in the case of materials such as wood, textiles, plastics, adhesives, glues, paints, paper and card, leather, floor coverings and buildings.
  • compositions according to the invention can be used, for example, against the following pests: beetles such as Hylotrupes bajulus, Chlorophorus pilosis, Anobium punctatum, Xestobium rufovillosum, Ptilinuspecticornis, Dendrobium pertinex, Ernobius mollis, Priobium carpini, Lyctus brunneus, Lyctus africanus, Lyctus planicollis, Lyctus linearis, Lyctus pubescens, Trogoxylon aequale, Minthesrugicollis, Xyleborus spec.Tryptodendron spec, Apate monachus, Bostrychus capucins, Heterobostrychus brunneus, Sinoxylon spec, and Dinoderus minutus, and also hymenopterans such as Sirex juvencus, Urocerus gigas, Urocerus gigas taignus and
  • the compounds according to the invention can be used as pesticidal agents in unmodified form, but they are generally formulated into compositions in various ways using formulation adjuvants, such as carriers, solvents and surface-active substances.
  • formulation adjuvants such as carriers, solvents and surface-active substances.
  • the formulations can be in various physical forms, e.g.
  • Such formulations can either be used directly or diluted prior to use.
  • the dilutions can be made, for example, with water, liquid fertilisers, micronutrients, biological organisms, oil or solvents.
  • the formulations can be prepared e.g. by mixing the active ingredient with the formulation adjuvants in order to obtain compositions in the form of finely divided solids, granules, solutions, dispersions or emulsions.
  • the active ingredients can also be formulated with other adjuvants, such as finely divided solids, mineral oils, oils of vegetable or animal origin, modified oils of vegetable or animal origin, organic solvents, water, surface-active substances or combinations thereof.
  • the active ingredients can also be contained in very fine microcapsules.
  • Microcapsules contain the active ingredients in a porous carrier. This enables the active ingredients to be released into the environment in controlled amounts (e.g. slow-release).
  • Microcapsules usually have a diameter of from 0.1 to 500 microns. They contain active ingredients in an amount of about from 25 to 95 % by weight of the capsule weight.
  • the active ingredients can be in the form of a monolithic solid, in the form of fine particles in solid or liquid dispersion or in the form of a suitable solution.
  • the encapsulating membranes can comprise, for example, natural or synthetic rubbers, cellulose, styrene/butadiene copolymers, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyesters, polyamides, polyureas, polyurethane or chemically modified polymers and starch xanthates or other polymers that are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • very fine microcapsules can be formed in which the active ingredient is contained in the form of finely divided particles in a solid matrix of base substance, but the microcapsules are not themselves encapsulated.
  • liquid carriers there may be used: water, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, vegetable oils, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acid anhydrides, acetonitrile, acetophenone, amyl acetate, 2-butanone, butylene carbonate, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, alkyl esters of acetic acid, diacetone alcohol, 1 ,2-dichloropropane, diethanolamine, p-diethylbenzene, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol abietate, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, A/.W-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1 ,4-dioxane, di
  • perchloroethylene perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and alcohols of higher molecular weight, such as amyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, hexanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, N- methyl-2-pyrrolidone and the like.
  • alcohols of higher molecular weight such as amyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, hexanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, N- methyl-2-pyrrolidone and the like.
  • Suitable solid carriers are, for example, talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, silica, attapulgite clay, kieselguhr, limestone, calcium carbonate, bentonite, calcium montmorillonite, cottonseed husks, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, ground walnut shells, lignin and similar substances.
  • a large number of surface-active substances can advantageously be used in both solid and liquid formulations, especially in those formulations which can be diluted with a carrier prior to use.
  • Surface- active substances may be anionic, cationic, non-ionic or polymeric and they can be used as emulsifiers, wetting agents or suspending agents or for other purposes.
  • Typical surface-active substances include, for example, salts of alkyl sulfates, such as diethanolammonium lauryl sulfate; salts of alkylarylsulfonates, such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; alkylphenol/alkylene oxide addition products, such as nonylphenol ethoxylate; alcohol/alkylene oxide addition products, such as tridecylalcohol ethoxylate; soaps, such as sodium stearate; salts of alkylnaphthalenesulfonat.es, such as sodium
  • dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate dialkyl esters of sulfosuccinate salts, such as sodium di(2- ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate; sorbitol esters, such as sorbitol oleate; quaternary amines, such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, such as polyethylene glycol stearate; block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and salts of mono- and di- alkylphosphate esters; and also further substances described e.g.
  • Further adjuvants that can be used in pesticidal formulations include crystallisation inhibitors, viscosity modifiers, suspending agents, dyes, anti-oxidants, foaming agents, light absorbers, mixing auxiliaries, antifoams, complexing agents, neutralising or pH-modifying substances and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, fragrances, wetting agents, take-up enhancers, micronutrients, plasticisers, glidants, lubricants, dispersants, thickeners, antifreezes, microbicides, and liquid and solid fertilisers.
  • compositions according to the invention can include an additive comprising an oil of vegetable or animal origin, a mineral oil, alkyl esters of such oils or mixtures of such oils and oil derivatives.
  • the amount of oil additive in the composition according to the invention is generally from 0.01 to 10 %, based on the mixture to be applied.
  • the oil additive can be added to a spray tank in the desired concentration after a spray mixture has been prepared.
  • Preferred oil additives comprise mineral oils or an oil of vegetable origin, for example rapeseed oil, olive oil or sunflower oil, emulsified vegetable oil, alkyl esters of oils of vegetable origin, for example the methyl derivatives, or an oil of animal origin, such as fish oil or beef tallow.
  • Preferred oil additives comprise alkyl esters of C 8 -C 2 2 fatty acids, especially the methyl derivatives of Ci 2 -Ci 8 fatty acids, for example the methyl esters of lauric acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid (methyl laurate, methyl palmitate and methyl oleate, respectively).
  • Many oil derivatives are known from the Compendium of Herbicide Adjuvants, 10 th Edition, Southern Illinois University, 2010.
  • the inventive compositions generally comprise from 0.1 to 99 % by weight, especially from 0.1 to 95 % by weight, of compounds of the present invention and from 1 to 99.9 % by weight of a formulation adjuvant which preferably includes from 0 to 25 % by weight of a surface-active substance.
  • the end user will normally employ dilute formulations.
  • the rates of application vary within wide limits and depend on the nature of the soil, the method of application, the crop plant, the pest to be controlled, the prevailing climatic conditions, and other factors governed by the method of application, the time of application and the target crop.
  • a general guideline compounds may be applied at a rate of from 1 to 2000 l/ha, especially from 10 to 1000 l/ha.
  • Preferred formulations can have the following compositions (weight %): Emulsifiable concentrates:
  • active ingredient 1 to 95 %, preferably 60 to 90 %
  • surface-active agent 1 to 30 %, preferably 5 to 20 %
  • liquid carrier 1 to 80 %, preferably 1 to 35 %
  • active ingredient 0.1 to 10 %, preferably 0.1 to 5 %
  • solid carrier 99.9 to 90 %, preferably 99.9 to 99 %
  • active ingredient 5 to 75 %, preferably 10 to 50 %
  • surface-active agent 1 to 40 %, preferably 2 to 30 %
  • active ingredient 0.5 to 90 %, preferably 1 to 80 %
  • surface-active agent 0.5 to 20 %, preferably 1 to 15 %
  • solid carrier %, preferably 15 to 90 %
  • active ingredient 0.1 to 30 %, preferably 0.1 to 15 % solid carrier: 99.5 to 70 %, preferably 97 to 85 %
  • the combination is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording wettable powders that can be diluted with water to give suspensions of the desired concentration.
  • the combination is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording powders that can be used directly for seed treatment.
  • Emulsifiable concentrate active ingredients 10 % octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (4-5 mol of ethylene 3 %
  • Emulsions of any required dilution which can be used in plant protection, can be obtained from this concentrate by dilution with water.
  • Ready-for-use dusts are obtained by mixing the combination with the carrier and grinding the mixture in a suitable mill. Such powders can also be used for dry dressings for seed.
  • the combination is mixed and ground with the adjuvants, and the mixture is moistened with water.
  • the mixture is extruded and then dried in a stream of air.
  • the finely ground combination is uniformly applied, in a mixer, to the kaolin moistened with polyethylene glycol.
  • Non-dusty coated granules are obtained in this manner.
  • the finely ground combination is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water.
  • a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water.
  • living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.
  • the finely ground combination is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water.
  • a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water.
  • living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.
  • 28 parts of the combination are mixed with 2 parts of an aromatic solvent and 7 parts of toluene diisocyanate/polymethylene-polyphenylisocyanate-mixture (8:1 ).
  • This mixture is emulsified in a mixture of 1 .2 parts of polyvinylalcohol, 0.05 parts of a defoamer and 51.6 parts of water until the desired particle size is achieved.
  • a mixture of 2.8 parts 1 ,6-diaminohexane in 5.3 parts of water is added.
  • the mixture is agitated until the polymerization reaction is completed.
  • the obtained capsule suspension is stabilized by adding 0.25 parts of a thickener and 3 parts of a dispersing agent.
  • the capsule suspension formulation contains 28% of the active ingredients.
  • the medium capsule diameter is 8-15 microns.
  • the resulting formulation is applied to seeds as an aqueous suspension in an apparatus suitable for that purpose.
  • Formulation types include an emulsion concentrate (EC), a suspension concentrate (SC), a suspo- emulsion (SE), a capsule suspension (CS), a water dispersible granule (WG), an emulsifiable granule (EG), an emulsion, water in oil (EO), an emulsion, oil in water (EW), a micro-emulsion (ME), an oil dispersion (OD), an oil miscible flowable (OF), an oil miscible liquid (OL), a soluble concentrate (SL), an ultra-low volume suspension (SU), an ultra-low volume liquid (UL), a technical concentrate (TK), a dispersible concentrate (DC), a wettable powder (WP), a soluble granule (SG) or any technically feasible formulation in combination with agriculturally acceptable adjuvants.
  • EC emulsion concentrate
  • SC suspension concentrate
  • SE suspo- emulsion
  • CS capsule suspension
  • WG water dispersible granule
  • Mp melting point in °C. Free radicals represent methyl groups. H NMR measurements were recorded on a Brucker 400MHz spectrometer, chemical shifts are given in ppm relevant to a TMS standard. Spectra measured in deuterated solvents as indicated. LCMS Methods:
  • Spectra were recorded on a Mass Spectrometer from Waters (SQD or ZQ Single quadrupole mass spectrometer) equipped with an electrospray source (Polarity: positive or negative ions, Capillary: 3.00 kV, Cone range: 30-60 V, Extractor: 2.00 V, Source Temperature: 150°C, Desolvation Temperature: 350°C, Cone Gas Flow: 0 L/Hr, Desolvation Gas Flow: 650 L/Hr, Mass range: 100 to 900 Da) and an Acquity UPLC from Waters: Binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Solvent degasser, binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector.
  • Spectra were recorded on a Mass Spectrometer from Waters (SQD or ZQ Single quadrupole mass spectrometer) equipped with an electrospray source (Polarity: positive or negative ions, Capillary: 3.00 kV, Cone range: 30-60 V, Extractor: 2.00 V, Source Temperature: 150°C, Desolvation Temperature: 350°C, Cone Gas Flow: 0 L/Hr, Desolvation Gas Flow: 650 L/Hr, Mass range: 100 to 900 Da) and an Acquity UPLC from Waters: Binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Solvent degasser, binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector.
  • Step 1 Preparation of methyl 5-bromo-3-chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylate
  • Step 2 Preparation of methyl 3-chloro-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]pyridine-2-carboxylate
  • Step A Preparation of methyl 5-bromo-3-eth lsulfanyl-pyridine-2-carboxylate:
  • Step B Preparation of 5-bromo-3-ethylsulfan l-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid:
  • Step A Preparation of (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfanyl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2- b]pyrid in-1 -yl]methanone.
  • Step B Preparation of (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2- blpyrid in-1 -yllmethanone.
  • Example I4 Preparation of [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-pyridyl1-[6- (trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-1 -yl1methanone
  • Step A Preparation of methyl 3-chloro-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyllpyridine-2-carboxylate
  • Step B Preparation of 3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyllpyridine-2-carboxylic acid
  • Step B Preparation of methyl 4-bromo-2-ethylsulfanyl-benzoate
  • Step A To a solution of 4-bromo-2-ethylsulfanyl-benzoic acid (Step A, 25.0 g, 0.09 mol) in methanol (150 mL) was dropwise added thionyl chloride (14.0 mL, 0.18 mol) and refluxed overnight. Then the reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness and diluted with 200 ml of water. The aqueous was adjust to pH>8 with saturated sodium bicarbonate and extracted with EA three times. The combined organic phase was washed with brine, dried with Na 2 S0 4 , evaporated to dryness to get the title compound (21.0 g, yield: 80 %).
  • Step C Preparation of methyl 4-bromo-2-ethylsulfonyl-benzoate
  • Step D Preparation of methyl 2-ethylsulfonyl-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl1benzoate
  • Step E Preparation of2-ethylsulfonyl-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl1benzoic acid
  • reaction mixture was poured into a saturated solution of sodium hydrogenocarbonate and extracted with ethyl acetate.
  • the combined organic layer was washed with water, brine and dried over Na 2 S0 4 . Filtered, concentrated and purified by column chromatography using cyclohexane-ethyl acetate to give the desired compound A1 as a white solid (amount: 153 mg).
  • Example P2 Preparation of [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl1-2-pyridyl1-[6- (trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-1 -yllmethanone (compound A3):
  • Halogeno compounds (2.5eq.) are weighed manually into a conical mbrowave vial. 0.3mL DME is added with a multipipette.
  • a stock suspension of the X-Phos precatalyst Buchwald 2d Generation (0.1eq.) is done by mixing 59mg in 5mL DME.
  • Type of column Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3; Column length: 30 mm; Internal diameter of column: 2.1 mm; Particle Size: 1 .8 micron; Temperature: 60°C.
  • a stock suspension of the X-Phos precatalyst Buchwald 2d Generation (0.1 eq.) is done by mixing 48mg in 6mL. 0.3mL of solution 2 was added into vials, followed by 0.3mL water, 40uL of a solution of sodium carbonate (2 M) and 0.2 imL of solution 3. The vials were flushed with argon and capped. Then the vials were heat in a microwave oven at 100°C for 7m in. The solvents were evaporated and a mixture of water and ethyl acetate were added to the vial. The aqueous phase was extracted 3xwith ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried on magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by reverse phase preparative system.
  • Type of column Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3; Column length: 30 mm; Internal diameter of column: 2.1 mm; Particle Size: 1 .8 micron; Temperature: 60°C.
  • Example P5 Preparation of compound [5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)- 2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-1 -yllmethanone A54
  • Example P6 Preparation of compound [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl1-2-pyridyl1-[4-oxido-6-
  • Example P7 Preparation of compound (3-ethylsulfonyl-5-pyrimidin-2-yl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3- dihvdropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-1 -yllmethanone A53
  • the vial was flushed with argon and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.0223 g, 0.0189 mmol) was added.
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at 100°C for 4h.
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted two times with ethyl acetate.
  • the combined organic phases were washed with brine (2 times) and dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum.
  • the residue was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate / cyclohexane to yield, after final purification on HPLC, the title compound (0.058 g).
  • compositions according to the invention can be broadened considerably, and adapted to prevailing circumstances, by adding other insecticidally, acaricidally and/or fungicidally active ingredients.
  • mixtures of the compounds of formula I with other insecticidally, acaricidally and/or fungicidally active ingredients may also have further surprising advantages which can also be described, in a wider sense, as synergistic activity. For example, better tolerance by plants, reduced phytotoxicity, insects can be controlled in their different development stages or better behaviour during their production, for example during grinding or mixing, during their storage or during their use.
  • Suitable additions to active ingredients are, for example, representatives of the following classes of active ingredients: organophosphorus compounds, nitrophenol derivatives, thioureas, juvenile hormones, formamidines, benzophenone derivatives, ureas, pyrrole derivatives, carbamates, pyrethroids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, acylureas, pyridylmethyleneamino derivatives, macrolides, neonicotinoids and Bacillus thuringiensis preparations.
  • TX means "one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds described in Tables 1 to 3 and P of the present invention"
  • an adjuvant selected from the group of substances consisting of petroleum oils (628) + TX,
  • an acaricide selected from the group of substances consisting of 1 ,1 -bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-ethoxyethanol (lUPAC name) (910) + TX, 2,4-dichlorophenyl benzenesulfonate (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1059) + TX, 2-fluoro- V-methyl- V-1 -naphthylacetamide (lUPAC name) (1295) + TX, 4-chlorophenyl phenyl sulfone (lUPAC name) (981 ) + TX, abamectin (1 ) + TX, acequinocyl (3) + TX, acetoprole [CCN] + TX, acrinathrin (9) + TX, aldicarb (16) + TX, aldoxycarb (863) + TX, alpha-cypermethrin (202) + TX, amidithion (870) + TX, amido
  • methamidophos (527) + TX, methidathion (529) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, methomyl (531 ) + TX, methyl bromide (537) + TX, metolcarb (550) + TX, mevinphos (556) + TX, mexacarbate (1290) + TX, milbemectin (557) + TX, milbemycin oxime [CCN] + TX, mipafox (1293) + TX, monocrotophos (561 ) + TX, morphothion (1300) + TX, moxidectin [CCN] + TX, naled (567) + TX, NC-184 (compound code) + TX, NC-512 (compound code) + TX, nifluridide (1309) + TX, nikkomycins [CCN] + TX, nitrilacarb (1313) + TX, ni
  • an algicide selected from the group of substances consisting of bethoxazin [CCN] + TX, copper dioctanoate (lUPAC name) (170) + TX, copper sulfate (172) + TX, cybutryne [CCN] + TX, dichlone (1052) + TX, dichlorophen (232) + TX, endothal (295) + TX, fentin (347) + TX, hydrated lime [CCN] + TX, nabam (566) + TX, quinoclamine (714) + TX, quinonamid (1379) + TX, simazine (730) + TX, triphenyltin acetate (lUPAC name) (347) and triphenyltin hydroxide (lUPAC name) (347) + TX, an anthelmintic selected from the group of substances consisting of abamectin (1 ) + TX, crufomate (101 1 ) + TX,
  • a bactericide selected from the group of substances consisting of 1 -hydroxy-1 - -pyridine-2-thione (lUPAC name) (1222) + TX, 4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide (lUPAC name) (748) + TX, 8- hydroxyquinoline sulfate (446) + TX, bronopol (97) + TX, copper dioctanoate (lUPAC name) (170) + TX, copper hydroxide (lUPAC name) (169) + TX, cresol [CCN] + TX, dichlorophen (232) + TX, dipyrithione (1105) + TX, dodicin (11 12) + TX, fenaminosulf (1144) + TX, formaldehyde (404) + TX, hydrargaphen [CCN] + TX, kasugamycin (483) + TX, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate (483) + TX
  • a biological agent selected from the group of substances consisting of Adoxophyes orana GV (12) + TX, Agrobacterium radiobacter (13) + TX, Amblyseius spp. (19) + TX, Anagrapha falcifera NPV (28) + TX, Anagrus atomus (29) + TX, Aphelinus abdominalis (33) + TX, Aphidius colemani (34) + TX,
  • Aphidoletes aphidimyza (35) + TX, Autographa californica NPV (38) + TX, Bacillus firmus (48) + TX, Bacillus sphaericus Neide (scientific name) (49) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Why (scientific name) (51 ) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai (scientific name) (51 ) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (scientific name) (51 ) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.
  • Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and H. megidis (433) + TX, Hippodamia convergens (442) + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii (488) + TX, Macrolophus caliginosus (491 ) + TX, Mamestra brassicae NPV (494) + TX, Metaphycus helvolus (522) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum (scientific name) (523) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (scientific name) (523) + TX, Neodiprion sertifer NPV and N.
  • lecontei NPV (575) + TX, Orius spp. (596) + TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (613) + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis (644) + TX, Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (scientific name) (741 ) + TX, Steinernema bibionis (742) + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae (742) + TX,
  • Steinernema feltiae (742) + TX, Steinernema glaseri (742) + TX, Steinernema riobrave (742) + TX, Steinernema riobravis (742) + TX, Steinernema scapterisci (742) + TX, Steinernema spp. (742) + TX, Trichogramma spp.
  • an insect pheromone selected from the group of substances consisting of (£)-dec-5-en-1-yl acetate with (£)-dec-5-en-1 -ol (lUPAC name) (222) + TX, (£)-tridec-4-en-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (829) + TX, (£)- 6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol (lUPAC name) (541 ) + TX, (£,Z)-tetradeca-4,10-dien-1-yl acetate (lUPAC name) (779) + TX, (Z)-dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate (lUPAC name) (285) + TX, (Z)-hexadec-l 1 -enal (lUPAC name) (436) + TX, (Z)-hexadec-l 1 -en-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (437) + TX, (Z
  • an insect repellent selected from the group of substances consisting of 2-(octylthio)ethanol (lUPAC name) (591 ) + TX, butopyronoxyl (933) + TX, butoxy(polypropylene glycol) (936) + TX, dibutyl adipate (lUPAC name) (1046) + TX, dibutyl phthalate (1047) + TX, dibutyl succinate (lUPAC name) (1048) + TX, diethyltoluamide [CCN] + TX, dimethyl carbate [CCN] + TX, dimethyl phthalate [CCN] + TX, ethyl hexanediol (1 137) + TX, hexamide [CCN] + TX, methoquin-butyl (1276) + TX, methylneodecanamide [CCN] + TX, oxamate [CCN] and picaridin [CCN] + TX,
  • an insecticide selected from the group of substances consisting of 1 -dichloro-1 -nitroethane
  • development code (development code) (1397) + TX, sodium arsenite [CCN] + TX, sodium cyanide (444) + TX, sodium fluoride (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1399) + TX, sodium hexafluorosilicate (1400) + TX, sodium pentachlorophenoxide (623) + TX, sodium selenate (lUPAC name) (1401 ) + TX, sodium thiocyanate [CCN] + TX, sophamide (1402) + TX, spinosad (737) + TX, spiromesifen (739) + TX, spirotetrmat (CCN) + TX, sulcofuron (746) + TX, sulcofuron-sodium (746) + TX, sulfluramid (750) + TX, sulfotep (753) + TX, sulfuryl fluoride (756) + TX, sulprofo
  • a molluscicide selected from the group of substances consisting of bis(tributyltin) oxide (lUPAC name) (913) + TX, bromoacetamide [CCN] + TX, calcium arsenate [CCN] + TX, cloethocarb (999) + TX, copper acetoarsenite [CCN] + TX, copper sulfate (172) + TX, fentin (347) + TX, ferric phosphate (lUPAC name) (352) + TX, metaldehyde (518) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, niclosamide (576) + TX, niclosamide-olamine (576) + TX, pentachlorophenol (623) + TX, sodium pentachlorophenoxide (623) + TX, tazimcarb (1412) + TX, thiodicarb (799) + TX, tributyltin oxide (913)
  • a nematicide selected from the group of substances consisting of AKD-3088 (compound code) + TX, 1 ,2- dibromo-3-chloropropane (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1045) + TX, 1 ,2-dichloropropane (lUPAC/ Chemical Abstracts name) (1062) + TX, 1 ,2-dichloropropane with 1 ,3-dichloropropene (lUPAC name) (1063) + TX, 1 ,3-dichloropropene (233) + TX, 3,4-dichlorotetrahydrothiophene 1 ,1 -dioxide
  • a nitrification inhibitor selected from the group of substances consisting of potassium ethylxanthate [CCN] and nitrapyrin (580) + TX,
  • a plant activator selected from the group of substances consisting of acibenzolar (6) + TX, acibenzolar-S- methyl (6) + TX, probenazole (658) and Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (720) + TX,
  • a rodenticide selected from the group of substances consisting of 2-isovalerylindan-1 ,3-dione (lUPAC name) (1246) + TX, 4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide (lUPAC name) (748) + TX, alpha- chlorohydrin [CCN] + TX, aluminium phosphide (640) + TX, antu (880) + TX, arsenous oxide (882) + TX, barium carbonate (891 ) + TX, bisthiosemi (912) + TX, brodifacoum (89) + TX, bromadiolone (91 ) + TX, bromethalin (92) + TX, calcium cyanide (444) + TX, chloralose (127) + TX, chlorophacinone (140) + TX, cholecalciferol (850) + TX, coumachlor (1004) + TX, coumafuryl (100
  • a synergist selected from the group of substances consisting of 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperonylate
  • an animal repellent selected from the group of substances consisting of anthraquinone (32) + TX, chloralose (127) + TX, copper naphthenate [CCN] + TX, copper oxychloride (171 ) + TX, diazinon (227) + TX, dicyclopentadiene (chemical name) (1069) + TX, guazatine (422) + TX, guazatine acetates (422) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, pyridin-4-amine (lUPAC name) (23) + TX, thiram (804) + TX, trimethacarb (840) + TX, zinc naphthenate [CCN] and ziram (856) + TX,
  • a virucide selected from the group of substances consisting of imanin [CCN] and ribavirin [CCN] + TX
  • a wound protectant selected from the group of substances consisting of mercuric oxide (512) + TX, octhilinone (590) and thiophanate-methyl (802) + TX
  • biologically active compounds selected from the group consisting of azaconazole (60207-31 -0] + TX, bitertanol [70585-36-3] + TX, bromuconazole [116255-48-2] + TX, cyproconazole [94361 -06-5] + TX, difenoconazole [1 19446-68-3] + TX, diniconazole [83657-24-3] + TX, epoxiconazole [106325-08-0] + TX, fenbuconazole [1 14369-43-6] + TX, fluquinconazole [13
  • Azotobacter + TX Azotobacter chroocuccum (Azotomeal®) + TX, Azotobacter cysts (Bionatural Blooming Blossoms®) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + TX, Bacillus cereus + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain CM-1 + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain AQ746 + TX, Bacillus licheniformis strain HB-2 (BiostartTM Rhizoboost®) + TX, Bacillus licheniformis strain 3086 (EcoGuard® + TX, Green Releaf®) + TX, Bacillus circulans + TX, Bacillus firmus (BioSafe®, BioNem-WP®, VOTiVO®) + TX, Bacillus firmus strain 1-1582 + TX, Bacillus macerans + TX, Bacillus marismortui + TX, Bacillus megaterium + T
  • Bacillus subtilis strain AQ178 + TX Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713 (CEASE® + TX, Serenade® + TX, Rhapsody®) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST 714 (JAZZ®) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ153 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ743 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3002 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3004 + TX, Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens strain FZB24 (Taegro® + TX,
  • Rhizopro® + TX
  • TX Botrytis cineria + TX, Bradyrhizobium japonicum (TerraMax®) + TX, Brevibacillus brevis + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis (Novodor®) + TX, BtBooster + TX, Burkholderia cepacia (Deny® + TX, Intercept® + TX, Blue Circle®) + TX, Burkholderia gladii + TX, Burkholderia gladioli + TX, Burkholderia spp.
  • TX Canadian thistle fungus (CBH Canadian Bioherbicide®) + TX, Candida butyri + TX, Candida famata + TX, Candida fructus + TX, Candida glabrata + TX, Candida guilliermondii + TX, Candida melibiosica + TX, Candida oleophila strain O + TX, Candida parapsilosis + TX, Candida pelliculosa + TX, Candida pulcherrima + TX, Candida reuêtii + TX, Candida saitoana (Bio-Coat® + TX, Biocure®) + TX, Candida sake + TX, Candida spp.
  • TX Cladosporium tenuissimum + TX, Clonostachys rosea (EndoFine®) + TX, Colletotrichum acutatum + TX, Coniothyrium minitans (Cotans WG®) + TX, Coniothyrium spp.
  • TX Filobasidium floriforme + TX, Fusarium acuminatum + TX, Fusarium chlamydosporum + TX, Fusarium oxysporum (Fusaclean® / Biofox C®) + TX, Fusarium proliferatum + TX, Fusarium spp. + TX, Galactomyces geotrichum + TX, Gliocladium catenulatum (Primastop® + TX, Prestop®) + TX, Gliocladium roseum + TX, Gliocladium spp. (SoilGard®) + TX, Gliocladium virens (Soilgard®) + TX, Granulovirus
  • TX Penicillium viridicatum + TX, Phlebiopsis gigantean (Rotstop®) + TX, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Phosphomeal®) + TX, Phytophthora cryptogea + TX, Phytophthora palmivora (Devine®) + TX, Pichia anomala + TX, Pichia guilermondii + TX, Pichia membranaefaciens + TX, Pichia onychis + TX, Pichia stipites + TX, Pseudomonas aeruginosa + TX, Pseudomonas aureofasciens (Spot- Less Biofungicide®) + TX, Pseudomonas cepacia + TX, Pseudomonas chlororaphis (AtEze®) + TX, Pseudomonas corrugate + TX, Pse
  • TX Pseudomonas syringae (Bio-Save®) + TX, Pseudomonas viridiflava + TX, Pseudomons fluorescens (Zequanox®) + TX, Pseudozyma flocculosa strain PF-A22 UL (Sporodex L®) + TX, Puccinia canaliculata + TX, Puccinia thlaspeos (Wood Warrior®) + TX, Pythium paroecandrum + TX, Pythium oligandrum (Polygandron® + TX, Polyversum®) + TX, Pythium periplocum + TX, Rhanella aquatilis + TX, Rhanella spp. + TX, Rhizobia (Dormal® + TX, Vault®) + TX,
  • Rhizoctonia + TX Rhodococcus globerulus strain AQ719 + TX, Rhodosporidium diobovatum + TX, Rhodosporidium toruloides + TX, Rhodotorula spp. + TX, Rhodotorula glutinis + TX, Rhodotorula graminis + TX, Rhodotorula mucilagnosa + TX, Rhodotorula rubra + TX,
  • TX Sordaria fimicola + TX, Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (Littovir®) + TX, Sporobolomyces roseus + TX, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia + TX, Streptomyces ahygroscopicus + TX, Streptomyces albaduncus + TX,
  • Trichoderma longibrachiatum + TX Trichoderma polysporum (Binab T®) + TX, Trichoderma taxi + TX, Trichoderma virens + TX, Trichoderma virens (formerly Gliocladium virens GL-21 ) (SoilGuard®) + TX, Trichoderma viride + TX, Trichoderma viride strain ICC 080 (Remedier®) + TX, Trichosporon pullulans + TX, Trichosporon spp. + TX, Trichothecium spp. + TX,
  • Plant extracts including: pine oil (Retenol®) + TX, azadirachtin (Plasma Neem Oil® + TX, AzaGuard® + TX, MeemAzal® + TX, Molt-X® + TX, Botanical IGR (Neemazad®, Neemix®) + TX, canola oil (Lilly Miller Vegol®) + TX, Chenopodium ambrosioides near ambrosioides (Requiem®) + TX, Chrysanthemum extract (Crisant®) + TX, extract of neem oil (Trilogy®) + TX, essentials oils of Labiatae (Botania®) + TX, extracts of clove rosemary peppermint and thyme oil (Garden insect killer®) + TX, Glycinebetaine (Greenstim®) + TX, garlic + TX, lemongrass oil (GreenMatch®) + TX, neem oil + TX,
  • pheromones including: blackheaded fireworm pheromone (3M Sprayable Blackheaded
  • Fireworm Pheromone® + TX, Codling Moth Pheromone (Paramount dispenser-(CM)/ Isomate C-Plus®) + TX, Grape Berry Moth Pheromone (3M MEC-GBM Sprayable Pheromone®) + TX, Leafroller pheromone (3M MEC - LR Sprayable Pheromone®) + TX, Muscamone (Snip7 Fly Bait® + TX, Starbar Premium Fly Bait®) + TX, Oriental Fruit Moth Pheromone (3M oriental fruit moth sprayable pheromone®) + TX, Peachtree Borer Pheromone (Isomate-P®) + TX, Tomato Pinworm Pheromone (3M Sprayable pheromone®) + TX, Entostat powder (extract from palm tree) (Exosex CM®) + TX, Tetradecatrienyl acetate + TX, 13-Hexadecatrienal + TX, (E + ⁇ ,
  • Macrobials including: Aphelinus abdominalis + TX, Aphidius ervi (Aphelinus-System®) + TX, Acerophagus papaya + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Adalia-System®) + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Adaline®) + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Aphidalia®) + TX, Ageniaspis citricola + TX, Ageniaspis fuscicollis + TX, Amblyseius andersoni (Anderline® + TX, Andersoni-System®) + TX,
  • Amblyseius californicus (Amblyline® + TX, Spical®) + TX, Amblyseius cucumeris (Thripex® + TX, Bugline cucumeris®) + TX, Amblyseius fallacis (Fallacis®) + TX, Amblyseius swirskii (Bugline swirskii® + TX, Swirskii-Mite®) + TX, Amblyseius womersleyi (WomerMite®) + TX, Amitus hesperidum + TX, Anagrus atomus + TX, Anagyrus fusciventris + TX, Anagyrus kamali + TX, Anagyrus loecki + TX, Anagyrus pseudococci (Citripar®) + TX, Anicetus remedies + TX, Anisopteromalus calandrae + TX, Anthocoris nemoral
  • Chrysoperla carnea (Chrysopa®) + TX, Chrysoperla rufilabris + TX, Cirrospilus ingenuus + TX, Cirrospilus quadristriatus + TX, Citrostichus phyllocnistoides + TX, Closterocerus chamaeleon + TX, Closterocerus spp.
  • TX Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Planopar®) + TX, Coccophagus cowperi + TX, Coccophagus lycimnia + TX, Cotesia flavipes + TX, Cotesia plutellae + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Cryptobug® + TX, Cryptoline®) + TX, Cybocephalus nipponicus + TX, Dacnusa sibirica + TX, Dacnusa sibirica (Minusa®) + TX, Diglyphus isaea (Diminex®) + TX, Delphastus catalinae (Delphastus®) + TX, Delphastus pusillus + TX, Diachasmimorpha krausii + TX, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata + TX, Diaparsis jucunda + TX, Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis
  • Macrolophus caliginosus (Mirical-N® + TX, Macroline c® + TX, Mirical®) + TX, Mesoseiulus longipes + TX, Metaphycus flavus + TX, Metaphycus lounsburyi + TX, Micromus angulatus (Milacewing®) + TX, Microterys flavus + TX, Muscidifurax raptorellus and Spalangia cameroni (Biopar®) + TX, Neodryinus typhlocybae + TX, Neoseiulus californicus + TX, Neoseiulus cucumeris (THRYPEX®) + TX, Neoseiulus fallacis + TX, Nesideocoris tenuis (NesidioBug® + TX, Nesibug®) + TX, Ophyra aenescens (Biofly®) + TX, Orius insidiosus
  • Phytoseiulus macropilus + TX Phytoseiulus persimilis (Spidex® + TX, Phytoline p®) + TX, Podisus maculiventris (Podisus®) + TX, Pseudacteon curvatus + TX, Pseudacteon obtusus + TX, Pseudacteon tricuspis + TX, Pseudaphycus maculipennis + TX, Pseudleptomastix mexicana + TX, Psyllaephagus pilosus + TX, Psyttalia concolor (complex) + TX, Quadrastichus spp.
  • the active ingredient mixture of the compounds of formula I selected from Tables 1 to 3 and P with active ingredients described above comprises a compound selected from Tables 1 to 3 and P and an active ingredient as described above preferably in a mixing ratio of from 100:1 to 1 :6000, especially from 50:1 to 1 :50, more especially in a ratio of from 20:1 to 1 :20, even more especially from 10:1 to 1 :10, very especially from 5:1 and 1 :5, special preference being given to a ratio of from 2:1 to 1 :2, and a ratio of from 4:1 to 2:1 being likewise preferred, above all in a ratio of 1 :1 , or 5:1 , or 5:2, or 5:3, or 5:4, or 4:1 , or 4:2, or 4:3, or 3:1 , or 3:2, or 2:1 , or 1 :5, or 2:5, or 3:5, or 4:5, or 1 :4, or 2:4, or 3:4, or 1 :3, or 2:3, or 1 :2, or 1 :600, or 1 :300
  • the mixtures as described above can be used in a method for controlling pests, which comprises applying a composition comprising a mixture as described above to the pests or their environment, with the exception of a method for treatment of the human or animal body by surgery or therapy and diagnostic methods practised on the human or animal body.
  • the mixtures comprising a compound of formula I selected from Tables 1 to 3 and P and one or more active ingredients as described above can be applied, for example, in a single "ready-mix” form, in a combined spray mixture composed from separate formulations of the single active ingredient components, such as a "tank-mix", and in a combined use of the single active ingredients when applied in a sequential manner, i.e. one after the other with a reasonably short period, such as a few hours or days.
  • the order of applying the compounds of formula I selected from Tables 1 to 3 and the active ingredients as described above is not essential for working the present invention.
  • compositions according to the invention can also comprise further solid or liquid auxiliaries, such as stabilizers, for example unepoxidized or epoxidized vegetable oils (for example epoxidized coconut oil, rapeseed oil or soya oil), antifoams, for example silicone oil, preservatives, viscosity regulators, binders and/or tackifiers, fertilizers or other active ingredients for achieving specific effects, for example bactericides, fungicides, nematocides, plant activators, molluscicides or herbicides.
  • auxiliaries such as stabilizers, for example unepoxidized or epoxidized vegetable oils (for example epoxidized coconut oil, rapeseed oil or soya oil), antifoams, for example silicone oil, preservatives, viscosity regulators, binders and/or tackifiers, fertilizers or other active ingredients for achieving specific effects, for example bactericides, fungicides, nematocides
  • compositions according to the invention are prepared in a manner known per se, in the absence of auxiliaries for example by grinding, screening and/or compressing a solid active ingredient and in the presence of at least one auxiliary for example by intimately mixing and/or grinding the active ingredient with the auxiliary (auxiliaries).
  • auxiliaries for example by grinding, screening and/or compressing a solid active ingredient and in the presence of at least one auxiliary for example by intimately mixing and/or grinding the active ingredient with the auxiliary (auxiliaries).
  • Typical rates of concentration are between 0.1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 0.1 and 500 ppm, of active ingredient.
  • the rate of application per hectare is generally 1 to 2000 g of active ingredient per hectare, in particular 10 to 1000 g/ha, preferably 10 to 600 g/ha.
  • a preferred method of application in the field of crop protection is application to the foliage of the plants (foliar application), it being possible to select frequency and rate of application to match the danger of infestation with the pest in question.
  • the active ingredient can reach the plants via the root system (systemic action), by drenching the locus of the plants with a liquid composition or by
  • incorporating the active ingredient in solid form into the locus of the plants for example into the soil, for example in the form of granules (soil application).
  • granules soil application
  • such granules can be metered into the flooded paddy-field.
  • the compounds of the invention and compositions thereof are also be suitable for the protection of plant propagation material, for example seeds, such as fruit, tubers or kernels, or nursery plants, against pests of the abovementioned type.
  • the propagation material can be treated with the compound prior to planting, for example seed can be treated prior to sowing.
  • the compound can be applied to seed kernels (coating), either by soaking the kernels in a liquid composition or by applying a layer of a solid composition. It is also possible to apply the compositions when the propagation material is planted to the site of application, for example into the seed furrow during drilling.
  • These treatment methods for plant propagation material and the plant propagation material thus treated are further subjects of the invention.
  • Typical treatment rates would depend on the plant and pest/fungi to be controlled and are generally between 1 to 200 grams per 100 kg of seeds, preferably between 5 to 150 grams per 100 kg of seeds, such as between 10 to 100 grams per 100 kg of seeds.
  • seed embraces seeds and plant propagules of all kinds including but not limited to true seeds, seed pieces, suckers, corns, bulbs, fruit, tubers, grains, rhizomes, cuttings, cut shoots and the like and means in a preferred embodiment true seeds.
  • the present invention also comprises seeds coated or treated with or containing a compound of formula I.
  • coated or treated with and/or containing generally signifies that the active ingredient is for the most part on the surface of the seed at the time of application, although a greater or lesser part of the ingredient may penetrate into the seed material, depending on the method of application.
  • the present invention makes available a plant propagation material adhered thereto with a compound of formula (I).
  • a composition comprising a plant propagation material treated with a compound of formula (I).
  • Seed treatment comprises all suitable seed treatment techniques known in the art, such as seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking and seed pelleting.
  • the seed treatment application of the compound formula (I) can be carried out by any known methods, such as spraying or by dusting the seeds before sowing or during the sowing/planting of the seeds.
  • Example B1 Diabrotica balteata (Corn root worm):
  • Maize sprouts placed onto an agar layer in 24-well microtiter plates were treated with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ⁇ 00 ppm DMSO stock solutions by spraying. After drying, the plates were infested with L2 larvae (6 to 10 per well). The samples were assessed for mortality and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 4 days after infestation.
  • the following compounds gave an effect of at least 80% in at least one of the two categories (mortality or growth inhibition) at an application rate of 200 ppm:
  • Example B2 Euschistus heros (Neotropical Brown Stink Bug):
  • Soybean leaves on agar in 24-well microtiter plates were sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ⁇ 00 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaves were infested with N2 nymphs. The samples were assessed for mortality and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 5 days after infestation.
  • Example B3 Myzus persicae (Green peach aphid):Feeding/Contact activity:
  • Sunflower leaf discs were placed onto agar in a 24-well microtiter plate and sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ⁇ 00 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying, the leaf discs were infested with an aphid population of mixed ages. The samples were assessed for mortality 6 days after infestation.
  • Example B4 Myzus persicae (Green peach aphid). Systemic activity:
  • Roots of pea seedlings infested with an aphid population of mixed ages were placed directly into aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ⁇ 00 DMSO stock solutions. The samples were assessed for mortality 6 days after placing seedlings into test solutions.
  • Example B5 Myzus persicae (Green peach aphid).
  • Intrinsic activity Test compounds prepared from 10 ⁇ 00 ppm DMSO stock solutions were applied by pipette into 24-well microtiter plates and mixed with sucrose solution. The plates were closed with a stretched Parafilm. A plastic stencil with 24 holes was placed onto the plate and infested pea seedlings were placed directly on the Parafilm. The infested plate was closed with a gel blotting paper and another plastic stencil and then turned upside down. The samples were assessed for mortality 5 days after infestation.
  • Example B6 Plutella xylostella (Diamond back moth):
  • 24-well microtiter plates with artificial diet were treated with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ⁇ 00 ppm DMSO stock solutions by pipetting. After drying, the plates were infested with L2 larvae (10 to 15 per well). The samples were assessed for mortality and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 5 days after infestation.
  • Example B7 Spodoptera littoralis (Egyptian cotton leaf worm):
  • Cotton leaf discs were placed onto agar in 24-well microtiter plates and sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ⁇ 00 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaf discs were infested with five L1 larvae. The samples were assessed for mortality, anti-feeding effect, and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 3 days after infestation. Control of Spodoptera littoralis by a test sample is given when at least one of the categories mortality, anti-feedant effect, and growth inhibition is higher than the untreated sample.
  • Example B8 Spodoptera littoralis (Egyptian cotton leaf worm): Test compounds were applied by pipette from 10 ⁇ 00 ppm DMSO stock solutions into 24-well plates and mixed with agar. Lettuce seeds were placed onto the agar and the multi well plate was closed by another plate which contained also agar. After 7 days the compound was absorbed by the roots and the lettuce grew into the lid plate. The lettuce leaves were then cut off into the lid plate. Spodoptera eggs were pipetted through a plastic stencil onto a humid gel blotting paper and the lid plate was closed with it. The samples were assessed for mortality, anti-feedant effect and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 6 days after infestation.
  • Example B9 Tetranychus urticae (Two-spotted spider mite):Feedinq/contact activity:
  • Bean leaf discs on agar in 24-well microtiter plates were sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10 ⁇ 00 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaf discs were infested with a mite population of mixed ages. The samples were assessed for mortality on mixed population (mobile stages) 8 days after infestation.
  • the following compound resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm: A53.
  • Example B10 Aedes aeqyptKYellow fever mosquito
  • Test solutions at an application rate of 200ppm in ethanol, were applied to 12 well tissue culture plates. Once the deposits were dry, five, two to five day old adult female Aedes aegypti were added to each well, and sustained with a 10% sucrose solution in a cotton wool plug. Assessment of knockdown was made one hour after introduction, and mortality was assessed at 24 and 48 hours after introduction.
  • Example B11 Anopheles stephensi (Indian malaria mosquito):
  • Test solutions at an application rate of 200 ppm in ethanol, were applied to 12 well tissue culture plates. Once the deposits were dry, five, two to five day old adult female Anopheles stephensi were added to each well, and sustained with a 10% sucrose solution in a cotton wool plug. Assessment of knockdown was made one hour after introduction, and mortality was assessed at 24 and 48 hours after introduction. The following compounds gave at least 80% control of Anopheles stephensi after 48h and/or 24h: A1 1 and A56.

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  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
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Abstract

Compounds of formula I, wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, and the agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of those compounds, can be used as insecticides and can be prepared in a manner known per se.

Description

Pesticidally active amide heterocyclic derivatives with sulphur containing substituents
The present invention relates to pesticidally active, in particular insecticidally active amide heterocyclic derivatives containing sulphur substituents, to compositions comprising those compounds, and to their use for controlling animal pests (including arthropods and in particular insects or representatives of the order Acarina).
Amide heterocyclic compounds with pesticidal action are known and described, for example, in
WO 2013/191041 , WO 2014/002754 and WO 2014/021468. There have now been found novel pesticidally active amide heterocyclic ring-derivatives with sulphur substituents.
The present invention accordingl relates to compounds of formula I,
Figure imgf000002_0001
wherein
A is CH or N;
Gi is N or CR3;
G2 is N or CR4;
G3 is O, S, S02 or CR6R5;
R3 and R4, independently from each other, are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, C C6alkyl, C
C6haloalkyl; or are C3-C6cycloalkyl which can be mono- or polysubstituted by R7; or are C3-
C6cycloalkyl-C C4alkyl which can be mono- or polysubstituted by R8; or
R3 and R4, independently from each other, are C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6haloalkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl,
C2-C6haloalkynyl, C C6haloalkoxy, C C6alkoxy, C C6alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl, C C6alkylsulfinyl C C6haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl, C C6haloalkylsulfinyl or hydroxyl;
R5 and R6, independently from each other, are hydrogen, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, halogen or cyano;
R7 and R8, independently from each other, are halogen, nitro, cyano, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy C
C alkyl or C C haloalkyl; and
Q is phenyl or naphtyl, said phenyl or naphtyl can be mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl; or Q is a five- to twelve-membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic ring system linked via a carbon atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated and contain 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, it not being possible for each ring system to contain more than 2 oxygen atoms and more than 2 sulfur atoms, said five- to ten-membered ring system can be mono- to polysubstituted by substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfinyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C4alkyl,
C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl; or Q is a five- to six-membered, aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated ring system linked via a nitrogen atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C alkyl, CrC haloalkyl, C
C haloalkoxy, C C alkoxy, CrC alkylsulfanyl, C C alkylsulfinyl, C C alkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl; and said ring system contains 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, where said ring system may not contain more than one oxygen atom and not more than one sulfur atom;
X is S, SO or S02;
Ri is C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl-C C4alkyl; or
Ri is C3-C6cycloalkyl mono - or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4 haloalkyl and C C4alkyl; or
Ri is C3-C6cycloalkyl-C C4alkyl mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4 haloalkyl and C C4alkyl; or
Ri is C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6haloalkenyl or C2-C6alkynyl;
R2 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C6haloalkyl, or C C6haloalkyl substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, methoxy and cyano; or
R2 is C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl, 0(C C4haloalkyl), or - C(0)CrC4haloalkyl;
R2 is C3-C6cycloalkyl mono - or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl and C C4 haloalkyl; and
Y is O or S; and agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of those compounds.
Compounds of formula I which have at least one basic centre can form, for example, acid addition salts, for example with strong inorganic acids such as mineral acids, for example perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, a phosphorus acid or a hydrohalic acid, with strong organic carboxylic acids, such as C C alkanecarboxylic acids which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, for example acetic acid, such as saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid or phthalic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example ascorbic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or citric acid, or such as benzoic acid, or with organic sulfonic acids, such as C C4alkane- or arylsulfonic acids which are unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, for example methane- or p-toluenesulfonic acid. Compounds of formula I which have at least one acidic group can form, for example, salts with bases, for example mineral salts such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, for example sodium, potassium or magnesium salts, or salts with ammonia or an organic amine, such as morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, a mono-, di- or tri-lower- alkylamine, for example ethyl-, diethyl-, triethyl- or dimethylpropylamine, or a mono-, di- or trihydroxy- lower-alkylamine, for example mono-, di- or triethanolamine. The alkyl groups occurring in the definitions of the substituents can be straight-chain or branched and are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, nonyl, decyl and their branched isomers. Alkylsulfanyl, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkoxy, alkenyl and alkynyl radicals are derived from the alkyl radicals mentioned. The alkenyl and alkynyl groups can be mono- or polyunsaturated. C di-alkylamino is dimethylamino.
Halogen is generally fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. This also applies, correspondingly, to halogen in combination with other meanings, such as haloalkyl or halophenyl. Haloalkyl groups preferably have a chain length of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Haloalkyl is, for example, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2- chloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 1 ,1 -difluoro-2,2,2-trichloroethyl, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoroethyl and 2,2,2- trichloroethyl. Alkoxy is, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec- butoxy and tert-butoxy and also the isomeric pentyloxy and hexyloxy radicals. Alkoxyalkyl groups preferably have a chain length of 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Alkoxyalkyl is, for example, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxymethyl, ethoxyethyl, n-propoxymethyl, n-propoxyethyl, isopropoxymethyl or isopropoxyethyl. Alkoxycarbonyl is for example methoxycarbonyl (which is Cialkoxycarbonyl), ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, n- pentoxycarbonyl or hexoxycarbonyl. Cycloalkyl groups are for example cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. In the context of this invention, examples of a five- to six-membered, aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated ring system that are linked via a nitrogen atom to the ring which contains the group A, are selected, but not limited, from pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolidinyl-2-one, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl and pyridinyl-2-one. In the context of this invention "mono- to polysubstituted" in the definition of the substituents, means typically, depending on the chemical structure of the substituents, monosubstituted to seven-times substituted, preferably monosubstituted to five-times substituted, more preferably mono-, double- or triple- substituted. The compounds of formula I according to the invention also include hydrates which may be formed during the salt formation. According to the present invention, Q as a five- to twelve-membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic ring system that are linked via a carbon atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated and contains 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, it not being possible for each ring system to contain more than 2 oxygen atoms and more than 2 sulfur atoms or a three- to ten-membered, monocyclic or fused bicyclic ring system which may be aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated; is, depending of the number of ring members, is for example selected, but not limited, from the group consisting of the following heterocyclic groups: pyrrolyl; pyrazolyl; isoxazolyl; furanyl; thienyl; imidazolyl; oxazolyl; thiazolyl;
isothiazolyl; triazolyl; oxadiazolyl; thiadiazolyl; tetrazolyl; furyl; pyridyl; pyrimidyl; pyrazinyl; pyridazinyl; triazinyl, pyranyl; quinazolinyl; isoquinolinyl; indolizinyl; isobenzofuranylnaphthyridinyl; quinoxalinyl; cinnolinyl; phthalazinyl; benzothiazolyl; benzoxazolyl; benzotriazolyl; indazolyl; indolyl.
According to the present invention, Q is a five- to six-membered, aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated ring system linked via a nitrogen atom to the ring which contains the group A, is for example selected, but not limited, from the group consisting of the following heterocyclic groups: Pyrazol-1 -yl; pyrrol-1 -yl; 1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl; 1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl; tetrazol-1 -yl.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention,
Q is phenyl which can be mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C haloalkyl, CrC haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, CrC haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl; or
Q is a five- to ten-membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic ring system linked via a carbon atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated and contain 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, it not being possible for each ring system to contain more than 2 oxygen atoms and more than 2 sulfur atoms, said five- to ten-membered ring system can be mono- to polysubstituted by substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfinyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C4alkyl,
C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl; or Q is a five- to six-membered, aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated ring system linked via a nitrogen atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C alkyl, CrC haloalkyl, C
C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfinyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl; and said ring system contains 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, where said ring system may not contain more than one oxygen atom and not more than one sulfur atom;
Ri is C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl-C C4alkyl; or
Ri is C3-C6cycloalkyl mono - or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano and C C4alkyl; or
Ri is C3-C6cycloalkyl-C C4alkyl mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano and C C4alkyl; or
Ri is C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6haloalkenyl or C2-C6alkynyl; and
R2 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C6haloalkyl, or C C6haloalkyl substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, methoxy and cyano; or
R2 is CrC haloalkylsulfanyl, C C haloalkylsulfinyl, C C haloalkylsulfonyl, 0(C C haloalkyl), or - C(0)CrC4haloalkyl. In preferred compounds of formula I, Q is selected from the group consisting of J-1 to J-48 (where the arrow represents the point of attachment of the heterocycle to the radical Q):
Figure imgf000007_0001
J-1 J-2 J-3 J-5 J-6
Figure imgf000007_0002
J-7 J-8 J-9 J-10 J-1 1 J-12
Figure imgf000007_0003
J-18 J-19 J-20 J-21 J-23
Figure imgf000007_0004
J-24 J-25 J-26 J-27 J-28 J-29
Figure imgf000007_0005
wherein each group J-1 to J-48 can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfinyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl, - C(0)CrC4alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfinyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl.
A preferred group of compounds of formula I is re resented by the compounds of formula 1-1
Figure imgf000008_0001
wherein Y, A, R2, G-i , G2, G3 and Q are as defined under formula I above; Xai is S, SO or S02; and Rai is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or cyclopropylmethyl. In this preferred group of compounds of formula 1-1 , Xai is preferably S02 and Rai is preferably ethyl, Y is preferably O, R2 is in particular pentafluoroethyl or trifluoromethyl, preferably trifluoromethyl.
In said preferred compounds of formula 1-1 , Q is selected from the group consisting of J-1 to J-48 (where the arrow represents the point of attachment of the heterocycle to the radical Q):
Figure imgf000008_0002
J-1 J-2 J-3 J-5 J-6
Figure imgf000008_0003
J-7 J-8 J-9 J-10 J-11 J-12
Figure imgf000008_0004
J-13 J-14 J-15 J-16 J-17
Figure imgf000009_0001
J-18 J-19 J-20 J-21 J-22 J-23
Figure imgf000009_0002
J-24 J-25 J-26 J-27 J-28 J-29
Figure imgf000009_0003
wherein each group J-1 to J-48 can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, Cr C4haloalkyl, Ci-C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C alkylsulfanyl, CrC alkylsulfinyl, C C alkylsulfonyl, C(0)CrC4alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfinyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl.
Another preferred group of compounds of formula I is represented by the compounds of formula I-2
(I-2), wherein Y, A, R2, G-i , G2 and Q are as defined under formula I above; Xa2 is S, SO or S02; and Ra2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or cyclopropylmethyl. In this preferred group of compounds of formula I-2, Xa2 is preferably S02; Ra2 is preferably ethyl; Y is preferably O; R2 is in particular pentafluoroethyl or trifluoromethyl, preferably trifluoromethyl.
In said preferred compounds of formula I-2, Q is selected from the group consisting of J-1 to J-43 (where the arrow represents the point of attachment of the heterocycle to the radical Q):
Figure imgf000010_0001
J-1 J-2 J-3 J^ J-5 J-6
Figure imgf000010_0002
J-7 J-8 J-9 J-10 J-11 J-12
Figure imgf000010_0003
J-14 J-15 J-16 J-17
Figure imgf000010_0004
Figure imgf000010_0005
Figure imgf000010_0006
Figure imgf000010_0007
Figure imgf000011_0001
wherein each group J-1 to J-43 can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, Ci-C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C alkylsulfanyl, CrC alkylsulfinyl, C C alkylsulfonyl, C(0)CrC4alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfinyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl.
Especially preferred compounds of formula I are re resented by the compounds of formula la-3
Figure imgf000011_0002
wherein R2, Gi , G2 and Q are as defined under formula I above;
Y is O;
A is CH or N;
Xa3 is S or S02;
Ra3 is C C4alkyl;
R2 is C C4haloalkyl; and
Q is selected fro group consisting of the heterocycles
Figure imgf000011_0003
J-1 J-2 J-3 J-5 J-6
Figure imgf000011_0004
J-7 J-8 J-9 J-10 J-11 J-12
Figure imgf000011_0005
J-13 J-14 J-15 J-16 J-17
Figure imgf000012_0001
J-18 J-19 J-20 J-21 J-22 J-23
Figure imgf000012_0002
J-24 J-25 J-26 J-27 J-28 J-29
Figure imgf000012_0003
J-30 J-31 J-32 J-33 J-34 J-35
Figure imgf000012_0004
wherein each preferred group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
each Rx is, independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C
C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfinyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C4alkyl, C
C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl.
In said preferred compounds of formula la-3, Q can be preferably mono- or disubstituted with Rx, whereby each Rx is, independently preferably selected from hydrogen, halogen, C C4alkyl, C
C4haloalkyl, C C4alkoxy and C C4haloalkoxy.
Especially preferred compounds of formula I are represented by the compounds of formula la-4
(I-4),
Figure imgf000012_0005
wherein R2, Gi and G2 are as defined under formula I above;
Y is O;
A is CH or N;
Xa4 is S or S02;
Ra4 is C C4alkyl;
R2 is C C4haloalkyl; and
is selected from the group consisting of the heterocycles
Figure imgf000013_0001
j-18 j-19 j-20 j-30 and
J-43- wherein each preferred group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C alkyl,
C C4haloalkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfinyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl,
C(0)CrC4alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfinyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C
C4haloalkyl.
In said preferred compounds of formula la-4, Q can be preferably mono- or disubstituted with Rx, whereby each Rx is, independently preferably selected from hydrogen, halogen, C C4alkyl, C
C4haloalkyl, C C4alkoxy and C C4haloalkoxy.
Especially preferred compounds of formula I are represented by the compounds of formula la-5
Figure imgf000013_0002
wherein R2, Gi and G2 are as defined under formula I above; Y is O;
A is CH or N;
Xa5 is S or S02;
Ra5 is C C4alkyl;
R2 is C C4haloalkyl; and
is selected from the group consisting of the heterocycles
Figure imgf000014_0001
J-18 J-19 J-20 J-30 and
Figure imgf000014_0002
wherein each preferred group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl,
C C4haloalkyl, C C4alkoxy and C C4haloalkoxy.
In each of the preferred embodiments of the compounds of formula 1-1 , I-2, I-3, I-4 and I-5 above, Q is most referably J-1 , J-43 or J-30
Figure imgf000014_0003
J-1 J"43 J-30 , in particular J-30, wherein Q can be preferably mono- or disubstituted with Rx, whereby each Rx is, independently preferably selected from, hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4alkoxy and C C4haloalkoxy; in particular Q is J-30, which is mono-substituted with Rx, wherein Rx is C C4haloalkyl.
In each of the preferred embodiments of the compounds of formula 1-1 , I-2, I-3, I-4 and I-5 above, R2 is most preferably hydrogen or C C4haloalkyl, Gi is CR3, wherein R3 is preferably hydrogen or C C4alkyl and G2 is preferably N or CR4, wherein R4 is hydrogen.
Another preferred compounds of formula I are represented by the compounds of formula la-6
Figure imgf000015_0001
A is CH or N;
Xa6 is S or S02;
Ra6 is C C4alkyl;
R2 is C C4haloalkyl; and
is selected from the group consisting of the heterocycles
Figure imgf000015_0002
J-48 wherein each preferred group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
each Rx is, independently selected from, hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl and C C4haloalkoxy.
In a particular preferred group of compounds of formula I,
A is N or CH, preferably N;
Ri is C C4alkyl, preferably ethyl;
R2 is hydrogen or C C4haloalkyl;
Gi is CR3, wherein R3 is hydrogen or C C4haloalkyl;
G2 is N , the N-oxide or CR4, wherein R4 is hydrogen;
G3 is -CH2-;
X is S or S02;
Y is O; and Q is pyrazolyl which can be mono-substituted by C C4haloalkyl; or
Q is thiazolyl; or
Q is pyridyl which can be mono- or di-substituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and C C4haloalkyl; or
Q is imidazolyl which can be mono- or di-substituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and C C4haloalkyl, said imidazolyl can be substituted at one N-atom by methyl; or
Q is pyrazinyl; or
Q is thiophenyl which can be mono-substituted by C C4alkyl; or
Q is phenyl which can be mono-, di- or tri-substituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl and C C4haloalkyl, or
Q is pyrimidinyl which can be mono-substituted by C C alkoxy;
and the N-oxides of the particular preferred group of compounds of formula I.
The process according to the invention for preparing compounds of formula I is carried out by methods known to those skilled in the art.
More specifically, the subgroup of compounds of formula I, wherein X is SO (sulfoxide) and/or S02 (sulfone), may be obtained by means of an oxidation reaction of the corresponding sulfide compounds of formula I, wherein X is S, involving reagents such as, for example, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), hydrogen peroxide, oxone, sodium periodate, sodium hypochlorite or tert-butyl hypochlorite amongst other oxidants. The oxidation reaction is generally conducted in the presence of a solvent. Examples of the solvent to be used in the reaction include aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons such as
dichloromethane and chloroform; alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; acetic acid; water; and mixtures thereof. The amount of the oxidant to be used in the reaction is generally 1 to 3 moles, preferably 1 to 1 .2 moles, relative to 1 mole of the sulfide compounds I to produce the sulfoxide compounds I, and preferably 2 to 2.2 moles of oxidant, relative to 1 mole of of the sulfide compounds I to produce the sulfone compounds I. Such oxidation reactions are disclosed, for example, in WO 2013/018928.
Compounds of formula I, wherein X is S, SO or S02 and Y is O and wherein A, Q, G-i, G2, G3, Ri and R2 are as defined above,
Figure imgf000016_0001
may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula II, or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or a hydrobromide salt, or any other equivalent salt), wherein G-i, G2, G3 and R2 are as defined above, with a compound of formula III, wherein X is S, SO or S02 and Y is O and wherein A, Ri and Q are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group such as a halogen (especially chlorine), optionally in presence of an acylating catalyst, such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), preferably in presence of a base, such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine or pyridine, in an inert solvent at temperatures between 0 and 50°C. Examples of solvent to be used include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tert-butylmethyl ether, and 1 ,4-dioxane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform, nitriles such as acetonitrile or polar aprotic solvents such as Ν,Ν-dimethylformamide, N,N- dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or dimethyl sulfoxide.
Compounds of formula II, or salts thereof, wherein G-i , G2, G3 and R2 are as defined above are known compounds or can be prepared by known methods, described in the literature or commercially available.
Compounds of formula III, wherein X is S, SO or S02, and Y is O and wherein A, Ri and Q are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group such as a halogen (especially chlorine), may be prepared by activation of compound of formula Ilia,
Figure imgf000017_0001
wherein X is S, SO or S02 and Y is O, and wherein A, Ri and Q are as defined above, by methods known to those skilled in the art and described in, for example, Tetrahedron, 2005, 61 (46), 10827-10852. For example, compounds III where LGi is halogen, preferably chlorine, are formed by treatment of Ilia with, for example, oxalyl chloride (COCI)2 or thionyl chloride SOCI2 in the presence of catalytic quantities of Ν,Ν-dimethylformamide DMF in inert solvents such as methylene chloride CH2CI2 or tetrahydrofuran THF at temperatures between 20 to 100°C, preferably 25°C.
Compounds of formula Ilia, wherein X is SO (sulfoxide) and/or S02 (sulfone), may be obtained by means of an oxidation reaction of the corresponding sulfide compounds of formula Ilia, wherein X is S, involving reagents such as, for example, m-chloroperoxy-benzoic acid (mCPBA), hydrogen peroxide, oxone, sodium periodate, sodium hypochlorite or tert-butyl hypochlorite amongst other oxidants. The oxidation reaction is generally conducted in the presence of a solvent. Examples of the solvent to be used in the reaction include aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform; alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; acetic acid; water; and mixtures thereof. The amount of the oxidant to be used in the reaction is generally 1 to 3 moles, preferably 1 to 1 .2 moles, relative to 1 mole of the sulfide compounds Ilia to produce the sulfoxide compounds II, and preferably 2 to 2.2 moles of oxidant, relative to 1 mole of of the sulfide compounds II to produce the sulfone compounds II. Such oxidation reactions are disclosed, for example, in WO 2013/018928. N-oxides of compounds of the formula I can be prepared by reacting a compound of the formula I with a suitable oxidizing agent, such as, for example, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), hydrogen peroxide, oxone, sodium periodate, sodium hypochlorite or tert-butyl hypochlorite amongst other oxidants. The oxidation reaction is generally conducted in the presence of a solvent. Examples of the solvent to be used in the reaction include aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform; alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; acetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid; water; and mixtures thereof. Another option involves, for example, the H202/urea adduct in the presence of an acid anhydride, e.g. trifluoroacetic anhydride. Such oxidations are known from the literature, for example from J. Med. Chem. 1989, 32, 2561 or WO 2000/15615. Optionally, the oxidation reaction is conducted in the presence of a catalyst such as, for example, sodium tungstate, and the like.
Compounds of formula Ilia, wherein X is S and Y is O, and wherein A, Ri and Q are as defined above,
Figure imgf000018_0001
Va Ilia Ilia
X is S X is SO or SO2 may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula IV, wherein A and Q are as defined above, and wherein R is C C4alkyl or hydrogen and in which LG is a leaving group such as, for example, a halogen (preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine) or nitro, with a compound of formula V, or a salt thereof Va, wherein Ri is as defined in formula I, optionally in the presence of a suitable base, such as alkali metal carbonates, for example sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride, or alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, optionally in the presence of a catalytic amount of an additive, such as an ammonium salt (for example
tetrabutylammonium bromide TBAB), in an inert solvent at temperatures preferably between 25-120°C. Examples of solvent to be used include ethers such as THF, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tert- butylmethyl ether, and 1 ,4-dioxane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, nitriles such as acetonitrile, polar aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide, Ν,Ν-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2- pyrrolidone or dimethyl sulfoxide, or water. Examples of salts of the compound of formula V include compounds of the formula Va
R-i-S-M (Va), wherein Ri is as defined above and wherein M is, for example, sodium or potassium. Oxidation of compounds of formula Ilia, wherein X is S and Y is O, and wherein A, Ri and Q are as defined above, with a suitable oxidizing agent, into compounds of formula Ilia, wherein X is SO or S02 may be achieved under conditions already described above. Compounds of formula IV, wherein A and Q are as defined above, and wherein R is C C4alkyl or hydrogen and in which LG is a leaving group such as, for example, a halogen (preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine) or nitro,
Figure imgf000019_0001
(Stille Reaction)
may be prepared by a Suzuki reaction, which involves for example, reacting compounds of formula VI, wherein A, Rand LG are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group like, for example, chlorine, bromine or iodine (preferably bromine), or an aryl- or alkylsulfonate such as trifluoromethane-sulfonate, with compounds of formula VII, wherein Q is as defined above, and wherein Mi can be a boron-derived functional group, such as for example B(OH)2 or B(OR 1)2 wherein Rb1 can be a C C4alkyl group or the two groups ORbi can form together with the boron atom a five membered ring, as for example a pinacol boronic ester. The reaction may be catalyzed by a palladium based catalyst, for example ieira/ /s(triphenylphosphine)-palladium or (1 ,1 'bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)dichloro-palladium- dichloromethane (1 :1 complex), in presence of a base, like sodium carbonate or cesium fluoride, in a solvent or a solvent mixture, like, for example a mixture of 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane and water or of dioxane and water, preferably under inert atmosphere. The reaction temperature can preferentially range from room temperature to the boiling point of the reaction mixture. Such Suzuki reactions are well known to those skilled in the art and have been reviewed, for example, in J. Orgmet. Chem. 576, 1999, 147-168.
Alternatively compounds of formula IV, wherein A, Q, R and LG are as defined above, may be prepared by a Stille reaction between compounds of formula Vila wherein M2 is a trialkyl tin derivative, preferably tri-n-butyl tin and compounds of formula VI, wherein LG and LGi are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group like, for example, chlorine, bromine or iodine (preferably bromine), or an aryl- or alkylsulfonate such as trifluoromethane-sulfonate. Such Stille reactions are usually carried out in the presence of a palladium catalyst, for example ieira/ ;s(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), or bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(ll) dichloride, in an inert solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, toluene or dioxane, optionally in the presence of an additive, such as cesium fluoride, or lithium chloride, and optionally in the presence of a further catalyst, for example copper(l)iodide. Such Stille couplings are also well known to those skilled in the art, and have been described in for example J. Org. Chem., 2005, 70, 8601 -8604, J. Org. Chem., 2009 , 74, 5599-5602, and Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2004, 43, 1132-1 136. A large number of compounds of the formula VII and Vila are commercially available or can be prepared by those skilled in the art.
Ester com ounds of formula VI, wherein A, R , LG and LGi are as defined above,
Figure imgf000020_0001
VI
VIII may be prepared from the corresponding carboxylic acid compounds of formula VIII, wherein A, LG and LGi are as defined above, by reaction with an alcohol of formula IX, wherein R is C C4alkyl , optionally in the presence of an acid (such as sulfuric acid), or alternatively optionally in presence of an activating agent, such as for example oxalyl chloride (COCI)2. Such esterification methods are well known to a person skilled in the art. When Q is a five- to six-membered, aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated ring system linked via a nitrogen atom to the ring which contains the group A, then compounds of formula XI, wherein A, R and LG are as defined above, may be prepared from compounds of formulaVI, wherein A, R and LG are as defined above, and wherein LGi is a leaving group like, for example, chlorine, bromine or iodine
(preferably bromine), or an aryl- or alkylsulfonate such as trifluoromethane-sulfonate, by reaction with a heterocycle Q-H (which contains an appropriate NH functionality) X, wherein Q is as defined above, in the presence of a base, such as potassium carbonate K2C03 or cesium carbonate Cs2C03, optionally in the presence of a copper catalyst, for example copper(l) iodide, with or without an additive such as L-proline, N,N'-dimethylcyclohexane-1 ,2-diamine or Ν,Ν'-dimethylethylene-diamine, in an inert solvent such as N- methylpyrrolidone NMP or Ν,Ν-dimethylfoimamide DMF at temperatures between 30-150°C. Such a reaction (C-N Bond Formation) is illustrated below for the heterocycle Q-H J-30, wherein J30 is or not mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx and Rx is as defined above,
Figure imgf000020_0002
Figure imgf000020_0003
to give compounds of formula XI, a particular sub-group of compounds of formula IV, wherein Rx, A, R' and LG are as previously defined. Alternatively, compounds of formula I may be prepared from compounds of formula IV and compounds of formula II involving the same chemistry as described above, but by changing the order of the steps. Such an alternative route is summarized in scheme 1 . Saponification of a compound of formula IV, wherein A, Q, R and LG are as defined above, into compounds of formula XII, wherein A, Q and LG are as defined above, are known to a person skilled in the art (using for example conditions such as: aqueous sodium, potassium or lithium hydroxide in methanol, ethanol or dioxane at room temperature or up to refluxing conditions).
Scheme 1
Figure imgf000021_0001
When Q is a five- to six-membered, aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated ring system linked via a nitrogen atom to the ring which contains the group A, the same considerations apply in analogy. For example, when Q is the fragment J-30, compounds of the formula IV in scheme 1 may be replaced with compounds of the formula XI.
Yet another method to produce compounds of formula I uses again the same reactions previously described but changes their order to produce the final compounds. This is described in scheme 2, and illustrates the preparation of compounds of formula I from compounds of formula XIV and compounds of formula II. The conditions give for the Suzuki reaction, Stille reaction or C-N bond formation are indicative and not restricted to these specifics conditions.
Scheme 2:
Figure imgf000022_0001
Compounds of formula XIV, wherein X is S, and wherein A, Ri and LGi are as defined above,
Figure imgf000022_0002
may be prepared by hydrolysing compounds of formula XVIII, wherein X is S, and wherein A, Ri and LGi are as defined above, for example through heating in concentrated acid, such as concentrated hydrochloric acid HCI cone, optionally in the presence of an inert solvent, such as ethers (for example tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or 1 ,4-dioxane). Such hydrolysis conditions, and variants thereof, are known to a person skilled in the art.
Compounds of formula XVIII, wherein X is S, and wherein A, Ri and LGi are as defined above, may be prepared by reacting compounds of formula XVII, wherein A and LGi are as defined above, and in which wherein LG is a leaving group such as, for example, a halogen (preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine) or nitro, with a compound of formula V, or a salt thereof Va, wherein Ri is as defined in formula I, optionally in the presence of a suitable base, such as alkali metal carbonates, for example sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride, or alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, optionally in the presence of a catalytic amount of an additive, such as an ammonium salt (for example tetrabutylammonium bromide TBAB), in an inert solvent at temperatures preferably between 25-120°C. Examples of solvent to be used include ethers such as THF, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tert-butylmethyl ether, and 1 ,4-dioxane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, nitriles such as acetonitrile, polar aprotic solvents such as Ν,Ν-dimethylformamide, Ν,Ν-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or dimethyl sulfoxide, or water. Examples of salts of the compound of formula V include compounds of the formula Va
Ri-S-M (Va), wherein Ri is as defined above and wherein M is, for example, sodium or potassium.
Oxidation of compounds of formula XIV, wherein X is S, and wherein A, Ri and LGi are as defined above, with a suitable oxidizing agent, into compounds of formula XIV, wherein X is SO or S02 may be achieved under conditions already described above.
Changing order of reaction conditions that have been described above may also allow to convert compounds of the formula XIV, or their activated form XlVa, into useful compounds of the formula Ilia. This is illustrated in scheme 3. The conditions give for the Suzuki reaction, Stille reaction or C-N bond formation are indicative and not restricted to these specifics conditions.
Scheme 3:
Figure imgf000023_0001
The reactants can be reacted in the presence of a base. Examples of suitable bases are alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydrides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal acetates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal dialkylamides or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkylsilylamides, alkylamines, alkylenediamines, free or N-alkylated saturated or unsaturated cycloalkylamines, basic heterocycles, ammonium hydroxides and carbocyclic amines. Examples which may be mentioned are sodium hydroxide, sodium hydride, sodium amide, sodium methoxide, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydride, lithium diisopropylamide, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, calcium hydride, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, triethylenediamine, cyclohexylamine, N-cyclohexyl- Ν,Ν-dimethylamine, Ν,Ν-diethylaniline, pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine, quinuclidine, N- methylmorpholine, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide and 1 ,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU).
The reactants can be reacted with each other as such, i.e. without adding a solvent or diluent. In most cases, however, it is advantageous to add an inert solvent or diluent or a mixture of these. If the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base, bases which are employed in excess, such as triethylamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine or Ν,Ν-diethylaniline, may also act as solvents or diluents.
The reaction is advantageously carried out in a temperature range from approximately -80°C to approximately +140°C, preferably from approximately -30°C to approximately +100°C, in many cases in the range between ambient temperature and approximately +80°C. A compound of formula I can be converted in a manner known per se into another compound of formula I by replacing one or more substituents of the starting compound of formula I in the customary manner by (an)other substituent(s) according to the invention.
Depending on the choice of the reaction conditions and starting materials which are suitable in each case, it is possible, for example, in one reaction step only to replace one substituent by another substituent according to the invention, or a plurality of substituents can be replaced by other substituents according to the invention in the same reaction step.
Salts of compounds of formula I can be prepared in a manner known per se. Thus, for example, acid addition salts of compounds of formula I are obtained by treatment with a suitable acid or a suitable ion exchanger reagent and salts with bases are obtained by treatment with a suitable base or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent.
Salts of compounds of formula I can be converted in the customary manner into the free compounds I, acid addition salts, for example, by treatment with a suitable basic compound or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent and salts with bases, for example, by treatment with a suitable acid or with a suitable ion exchanger reagent. Salts of compounds of formula I can be converted in a manner known per se into other salts of compounds of formula I, acid addition salts, for example, into other acid addition salts, for example by treatment of a salt of inorganic acid such as hydrochloride with a suitable metal salt such as a sodium, barium or silver salt, of an acid, for example with silver acetate, in a suitable solvent in which an inorganic salt which forms, for example silver chloride, is insoluble and thus precipitates from the reaction mixture. Depending on the procedure or the reaction conditions, the compounds of formula I, which have salt- forming properties can be obtained in free form or in the form of salts.
The compounds of formula I and, where appropriate, the tautomers thereof, in each case in free form or in salt form, can be present in the form of one of the isomers which are possible or as a mixture of these, for example in the form of pure isomers, such as antipodes and/or diastereomers, or as isomer mixtures, such as enantiomer mixtures, for example racemates, diastereomer mixtures or racemate mixtures, depending on the number, absolute and relative configuration of asymmetric carbon atoms which occur in the molecule and/or depending on the configuration of non-aromatic double bonds which occur in the molecule; the invention relates to the pure isomers and also to all isomer mixtures which are possible and is to be understood in each case in this sense hereinabove and herein below, even when stereochemical details are not mentioned specifically in each case.
Diastereomer mixtures or racemate mixtures of compounds of formula I, in free form or in salt form, which can be obtained depending on which starting materials and procedures have been chosen can be separated in a known manner into the pure diasteromers or racemates on the basis of the
physicochemical differences of the components, for example by fractional crystallization, distillation and/or chromatography.
Enantiomer mixtures, such as racemates, which can be obtained in a similar manner can be resolved into the optical antipodes by known methods, for example by recrystallization from an optically active solvent, by chromatography on chiral adsorbents, for example high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on acetyl celulose, with the aid of suitable microorganisms, by cleavage with specific, immobilized enzymes, via the formation of inclusion compounds, for example using chiral crown ethers, where only one enantiomer is complexed, or by conversion into diastereomeric salts, for example by reacting a basic end-product racemate with an optically active acid, such as a carboxylic acid, for example camphor, tartaric or malic acid, or sulfonic acid, for example camphorsulfonic acid, and separating the diastereomer mixture which can be obtained in this manner, for example by fractional crystallization based on their differing solubilities, to give the diastereomers, from which the desired enantiomer can be set free by the action of suitable agents, for example basic agents.
Pure diastereomers or enantiomers can be obtained according to the invention not only by separating suitable isomer mixtures, but also by generally known methods of diastereoselective or enantioselective synthesis, for example by carrying out the process according to the invention with starting materials of a suitable stereochemistry.
N-oxides can be prepared by reacting a compound of the formula I with a suitable oxidizing agent, for example the H202/urea adduct in the presence of an acid anhydride, e.g. trifluoroacetic anhydride. Such oxidations are known from the literature, for example from J . Med. Chem., 32 (12), 2561 -73, 1989 or WO 00/15615.
It is advantageous to isolate or synthesize in each case the biologically more effective isomer, for example enantiomer or diastereomer, or isomer mixture, for example enantiomer mixture or diastereomer mixture, if the individual components have a different biological activity. The compounds of formula I and, where appropriate, the tautomers thereof, in each case in free form or in salt form, can, if appropriate, also be obtained in the form of hydrates and/or include other solvents, for example those which may have been used for the crystallization of compounds which are present in solid form. The compounds according to the following Tables 1 to 6 below can be prepared according to the methods described above. The examples which follow are intended to illustrate the invention and show preferred compounds of formula I.
Table X: This table discloses 38 substituent definitions X.001 to X.038 of the formula 1-1 a:
Figure imgf000026_0001
wherein A, R-i , R2, G-i , G2 and Q are as defined below: Table X:
Figure imgf000026_0002
Figure imgf000027_0001
Comp. No Ri R2 Gi G2 Q A
X.021
-CH2CH3 CF3 CH N CH
X.022
-CH2CH3 CF3 CH N CH
X.023
-CH2CH3 CF3 CH N -O CH
X.024
-CH2CH3 CF3 CH N — N CH
X.025
-CH2CH3 CF3 CH N — N CH
XN^CF3
X.026
-CH2CH3 CF3 CH N - CH
N=/
X.027
-CH2CH3 CF3 CH N CH
X.028
-CH2CH3 CF3 CH N CH
CF3
X.029
-CH2CH3 CF3 N CH CH
X.030
-CH2CH3 CF3 N CH CH
X.031
-CH2CH3 CF3 N CH CH
X.032
-CH2CH3 CF3 N CH -O CH
X.033 ^ ^CFa
-CH2CH3 CF3 N CH — N CH
X.034
-CH2CH3 CF3 N CH — N CH
XN^CF3
Figure imgf000029_0001
Table 1 : This table discloses the 38 compounds 1.001 to 1.038 of the formula 1-1 a, wherein X is S, Y is O, and A, R-i , R2, G-i , G2 and Q are as defined in Table X. For example, compound No. 1 .001 has the following structure:
Figure imgf000029_0002
Table 2: This table discloses the 38 compounds 2.001 to 2.038 of the formula 1-1 a, wherein X is SO, Y is O, and A, R-i , R2, G-i , G2 and Q are as defined in Table X.
Table 3: This table discloses the 38 compounds 3.001 to 3.038 of the formula 1-1 a, wherein X is S02, Y is O, and A, R^ R2, G,, G2 and Q are as defined in Table X.
The compounds of formula I according to the invention are preventively and/or curatively valuable active ingredients in the field of pest control, even at low rates of application, which have a very favourable biocidal spectrum and are well tolerated by warm-blooded species, fish and plants. The active ingredients according to the invention act against all or individual developmental stages of normally sensitive, but also resistant, animal pests, such as insects or representatives of the order Acarina. The insecticidal or acaricidal activity of the active ingredients according to the invention can manifest itself directly, i. e. in destruction of the pests, which takes place either immediately or only after some time has elapsed, for example during ecdysis, or indirectly, for example in a reduced oviposition and/or hatching rate. Examples of the abovementioned animal pests are:
from the order Acarina, for example,
Acalitus spp, Aculus spp, Acaricalus spp, Aceria spp, Acarus siro, Amblyomma spp., Argas spp., Boophi- lus spp., Brevipalpus spp., Bryobia spp, Calipitrimerus spp., Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Dermatophagoides spp, Eotetranychus spp, Eriophyes spp., Hemitarsonemus spp, Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Olygonychus spp, Ornithodoros spp., Polyphagotarsone latus, Panonychus spp.,
Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Phytonemus spp, Polyphagotarsonemus spp, Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Steneotarsonemus spp, Tarsonemus spp. and Tetranychus spp.;
from the order Anoplura, for example,
Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Pemphigus spp. and Phylloxera spp.;
from the order Coleoptera, for example,
Agriotes spp., Amphimallon majale, Anomala orientalis, Anthonomus spp., Aphodius spp, Astylus atromaculatus, Ataenius spp, Atomaria linearis, Chaetocnema tibialis, Cerotoma spp, Conoderus spp, Cosmopolites spp., Cotinis nitida, Curculio spp., Cyclocephala spp, Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., Diloboderus abderus, Epilachna spp., Eremnus spp., Heteronychus arator, Hypothenemus hampei, Lagria vilosa, Leptinotarsa decemLineata, Lissorhoptrus spp., Liogenys spp, Maecolaspis spp, Maladera castanea, Megascelis spp, Melighetes aeneus, Melolontha spp., Myochrous armatus, Orycaephilus spp., Otiorhynchus spp., Phyllophaga spp, Phlyctinus spp., Popillia spp., Psylliodes spp., Rhyssomatus aubtilis, Rhizopertha spp., Scarabeidae, Sitophilus spp., Sitotroga spp., Somaticus spp, Sphenophorus spp, Sternechus subsignatus, Tenebrio spp., Tribolium spp. and Trogoderma spp.;
from the order Diptera, for example,
Aedes spp., Anopheles spp, Antherigona soccata.Bactrocea oleae, Bibio hortulanus, Bradysia spp, Calliphora erythrocephala, Ceratitis spp., Chrysomyia spp., Culex spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus spp., Delia spp, Drosophila melanogaster, Fannia spp., Gastrophilus spp., Geomyza tripunctata, Glossina spp., Hypoderma spp., Hyppobosca spp., Liriomyza spp., Lucilia spp., Melanagromyza spp., Musca spp., Oestrus spp., Orseolia spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia hyoscyami, Phorbia spp., Rhagoletis spp, Rivelia quadrifasciata, Scatella spp, Sciara spp., Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp. and Tipula spp.; from the order Hemiptera, for example,
Acanthocoris scabrator, Acrosternum spp, Adelphocoris lineolatus, Amblypelta nitida, Bathycoelia thalassina, Blissus spp, Cimex spp., Clavigralla tomentosicollis, Creontiades spp, Distantiella theobroma, Dichelops furcatus, Dysdercus spp., Edessa spp, Euchistus spp., Eurydema pulchrum, Eurygaster spp., Halyomorpha halys, Horcias nobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Lygus spp, Margarodes spp, Murgantia histrionic, Neomegalotomus spp, Nesidiocoris tenuis, Nezara spp., Nysius simulans, Oebalus insularis, Piesma spp., Piezodorus spp, Rhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Scaptocoris castanea, Scotino- phara spp. , Thyanta spp , Triatoma spp., Vatiga illudens; Acyrthosium pisum, Adalges spp, Agalliana ensigera, Agonoscena targionii, Aleurodicus spp,
Aleurocanthus spp, Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Aleyrodes brassicae, Amarasca biguttula, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aonidiella spp., Aphididae, Aphis spp., Aspidiotus spp., Aulacorthum solani, Bactericera cockerelli, Bemisia spp, Brachycaudus spp, Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp, Cavariella aegopodii Scop., Ceroplaster spp., Chrysomphalus aonidium, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Cicadella spp, Cofana spectra, Cryptomyzus spp, Cicadulina spp, Coccus hesperidum, Dalbulus maidis, Dialeurodes spp, Diaphorina citri, Diuraphis noxia, Dysaphis spp, Empoasca spp., Eriosoma larigerum, Erythroneura spp., Gascardia spp., Glycaspis brimblecombei, Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae, Hyalopterus spp, Hyperomyzus pallidus, Idioscopus clypealis, Jacobiasca lybica, Laodelphax spp., Lecanium corni, Lepidosaphes spp., Lopaphis erysimi, Lyogenys maidis, Macrosiphum spp., Mahanarva spp, Metcalfa pruinosa, Metopolophium dirhodum, Myndus crudus, Myzus spp., Neotoxoptera sp, Nephotettix spp., Nilaparvata spp., N ippolachnus piri Mats, Odonaspis ruthae, Oregma lanigera Zehnter, Parabemisia myricae, Paratrioza cockerelli, Parlatoria spp., Pemphigus spp., Peregrinus maidis, Perkinsiella spp, Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp, Planococcus spp., Pseudaulacaspis spp., Pseudococcus spp., Pseudatomoscelis seriatus, Psylla spp., Pulvinaria aethiopica, Quadraspidiotus spp., Quesada gigas, Recilia dorsalis, Rhopalosiphum spp., Saissetia spp., Scaphoideus spp., Schizaphis spp., Sitobion spp., Sogatella furcifera, Spissistilus festinus, Tarophagus Proserpina, Toxoptera spp, Trialeurodes spp, Tridiscus sporoboli, Trionymus spp, Trioza erytreae , Unaspis citri, Zygina flammigera, Zyginidia scutellaris;
from the order Hymenoptera, for example,
Acromyrmex, Arge spp, Atta spp., Cephus spp., Diprion spp., Diprionidae, Gilpinia polytoma, Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis, Neodiprion spp., Pogonomyrmex spp, Slenopsis invicta,
Solenopsis spp. and Vespa spp.;
from the order Isoptera, for example,
Coptotermes spp, Corniternes cumulans, Incisitermes spp, Macrotermes spp, Mastotermes spp,
Microtermes spp, Reticulitermes spp.; Solenopsis geminate
from the order Lepidoptera, for example,
Acleris spp., Adoxophyes spp., Aegeria spp., Agrotis spp., Alabama argillaceae, Amylois spp., Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips spp., Argyresthia spp, Argyrotaenia spp., Autographa spp., Bucculatrix thurberiella, Busseola fusca, Cadra cautella, Carposina nipponensis, Chilo spp., Choristoneura spp., Chrysoteuchia topiaria, Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocrocis spp., Cnephasia spp., Cochylis spp., Coleophora spp., Colias lesbia, Cosmophila flava, Crambus spp, Crocidolomia binotalis, Cryptophlebia leucotreta, Cydalima perspectalis, Cydia spp., Diaphania perspectalis, Diatraea spp., Diparopsis castanea, Earias spp., Eldana saccharina, Ephestia spp., Epinotia spp, Estigmene acrea, Etiella zinckinella, Eucosma spp., Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euproctis spp., Euxoa spp., Feltia jaculiferia, Grapholita spp., Hedya nubiferana, Heliothis spp., Hellula undalis, Herpetogramma spp, Hyphantria cunea, Keiferia lycopersicella, Lasmopalpus lignosellus, Leucoptera scitella, Lithocollethis spp., Lobesia botrana, Loxostege bifidalis, Lymantria spp., Lyonetia spp., Malacosoma spp., Mamestra brassicae, Manduca sexta, Mythimna spp, Noctua spp, Operophtera spp., Orniodes indica, Ostrinia nubilalis, Pammene spp., Pandemis spp., Panolis flammea, Papaipema nebris, Pectinophora gossypiela, Perileucoptera coffeella, Pseudaletia unipuncta,
Phthorimaea operculella, Pieris rapae, Pieris spp., Plutella xylostella, Prays spp., Pseudoplusia spp, Rachiplusia nu, Richia albicosta, Scirpophaga spp., Sesamia spp., Sparganothis spp., Spodoptera spp., Sylepta derogate, Synanthedon spp., Thaumetopoea spp., Tortrix spp., Trichoplusia ni, Tuta absoluta, and Yponomeuta spp.;
from the order Mallophaga, for example,
Damalinea spp. and Trichodectes spp.;
from the order Orthoptera, for example,
Blatta spp., Blattella spp., Gryllotalpa spp., Leucophaea maderae, Locusta spp., Neocurtilla hexadactyla, Periplaneta spp. , Scapteriscus spp, and Schistocerca spp.;
from the order Psocoptera, for example,
Liposcelis spp.;
from the order Siphonaptera, for example,
Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp. and Xenopsylla cheopis;
from the order Thysanoptera, for example,
Calliothrips phaseoli, Frankliniella spp., Heliothrips spp, Hercinothrips spp., Parthenothrips spp,
Scirtothrips aurantii, Sericothrips variabilis, Taeniothrips spp., Thrips spp;
from the order Thysanura, for example, Lepisma saccharina.
The active ingredients according to the invention can be used for controlling, i. e. containing or destroying, pests of the abovementioned type which occur in particular on plants, especially on useful plants and ornamentals in agriculture, in horticulture and in forests, or on organs, such as fruits, flowers, foliage, stalks, tubers or roots, of such plants, and in some cases even plant organs which are formed at a later point in time remain protected against these pests.
Within the scope of present invention, target crops and/or useful plants to be protected typically comprise perennial and annual crops, such as berry plants for example blackberries, blueberries, cranberries, raspberries and strawberries; cereals for example barley, maize (corn), millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum triticale and wheat; fibre plants for example cotton, flax, hemp, jute and sisal; field crops for example sugar and fodder beet, coffee, hops, mustard, oilseed rape (canola), poppy, sugar cane, sunflower, tea and tobacco; fruit trees for example apple, apricot, avocado, banana, cherry, citrus, nectarine, peach, pear and plum; grasses for example Bermuda grass, bluegrass, bentgrass, centipede grass, fescue, ryegrass, St. Augustine grass and Zoysia grass; herbs such as basil, borage, chives, coriander, lavender, lovage, mint, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage and thyme; legumes for example beans, lentils, peas and soya beans; nuts for example almond, cashew, ground nut, hazelnut, peanut, pecan, pistachio and walnut; palms for example oil palm; ornamentals for example flowers, shrubs and trees; other trees, for example cacao, coconut, olive and rubber; vegetables for example asparagus, aubergine, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cucumber, garlic, lettuce, marrow, melon, okra, onion, pepper, potato, pumpkin, rhubarb, spinach and tomato; and vines for example grapes.
The active ingredients according to the invention are especially suitable for controlling Aphis craccivora, Diabrotica balteata, Heliothis virescens, Myzus persicae, Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera littoralis in cotton, vegetable, maize, rice and soya crops. The active ingredients according to the invention are further especially suitable for controlling Mamestra (preferably in vegetables), Cydia pomonella
(preferably in apples), Empoasca(preferably in vegetables, vineyards), Leptinotarsa (preferably in potatos) and Chilo supressalis (preferably in rice).
In a further aspect, the invention may also relate to a method of controlling damage to plant and parts thereof by plant parasitic nematodes (Endoparasitic-, Semiendoparasitic- and Ectoparasitic nematodes), especially plant parasitic nematodes such as root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne arenaria and other Meloidogyne species; cyst-forming nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis and other Globodera species; Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Heterodera trifolii, and other Heterodera species; Seed gall nematodes, Anguina species; Stem and foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides species; Sting nematodes, Belonolaimus longicaudatus and other Belonolaimus species; Pine nematodes, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and other Bursaphelenchus species; Ring nematodes, Criconema species, Criconemella species, Criconemoides species, Mesocriconema species; Stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus destructor, Ditylenchus dipsaci and other Ditylenchus species; Awl nematodes, Dolichodorus species; Spiral nematodes,
Heliocotylenchus multicinctus and other Helicotylenchus species; Sheath and sheathoid nematodes, Hem ycliophora species and Hemicriconemoides species; Hirshmanniella species; Lance nematodes, Hoploaimus species; false rootknot nematodes, Nacobbus species; Needle nematodes, Longidorus elongatus and other Longidorus species; Pin nematodes, Pratylenchus species; Lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus curvitatus, Pratylenchus goodeyi and other Pratylenchus species; Burrowing nematodes, Radopholus similis and other Radopholus species; Reniform nematodes, Rotylenchus robustus, Rotylenchus reniformis and other Rotylenchus species; Scutellonema species; Stubby root nematodes, Trichodorus primitivus and other Trichodorus species, Paratrichodorus species; Stunt nematodes, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni, Tylenchorhynchus dubius and other Tylenchorhynchus species; Citrus nematodes, Tylenchulus species; Dagger nematodes, Xiphinema species; and other plant parasitic nematode species, such as Subanguina spp., Hypsoperine spp., Macroposthonia spp., Melinius spp., Punctodera spp., and Quinisulcius spp.. The compounds of the invention may also have activity against the molluscs. Examples of which include, for example, Ampullariidae; Arion (A. ater, A. circumscriptus, A. hortensis, A. rufus);
Bradybaenidae (Bradybaena fruticum); Cepaea (C. hortensis, C. Nemoralis); ochlodina; Deroceras (D. agrestis, D. empiricorum, D. laeve, D. reticulatum); Discus (D. rotundatus); Euomphalia; Galba (G. trunculata); Helicelia (H. itala, H. obvia); Helicidae Helicigona arbustorum); Helicodiscus; Helix (H.
aperta); Limax (L. cinereoniger, L. flavus, L. marginatus, L. maximus, L. tenellus); Lymnaea; Milax (M. gagates, M. marginatus, M. sowerbyi); Opeas; Pomacea (P. canaticulata); Vallonia and Zanitoides. The term "crops" is to be understood as including also crop plants which have been so transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising one or more selectively acting toxins, such as are known, for example, from toxin-producing bacteria, especially those of the genus Bacillus. Toxins that can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins, for example insecticidal proteins from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus popilliae; or insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as δ-endotoxins, e.g. CrylAb, CrylAc, Cryl F, Cry1 Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), e.g. Vip1 , Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A; or insecticidal proteins of bacteria colonising nematodes, for example Photorhabdus spp. or Xenorhabdus spp., such as Photorhabdus luminescens, Xenorhabdus nematophilus; toxins produced by animals, such as scorpion toxins, arachnid toxins, wasp toxins and other insect-specific neurotoxins; toxins produced by fungi, such as Streptomycetes toxins, plant lectins, such as pea lectins, barley lectins or snowdrop lectins;
agglutinins; proteinase inhibitors, such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, patatin, cystatin, papain inhibitors; ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP), such as ricin, maize-RIP, abrin, luffin, saporin or bryodin; steroid metabolism enzymes, such as 3-hydroxysteroidoxidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyl- transferase, cholesterol oxidases, ecdysone inhibitors, HMG-COA-reductase, ion channel blockers, such as blockers of sodium or calcium channels, juvenile hormone esterase, diuretic hormone receptors, stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinases and glucanases.
In the context of the present invention there are to be understood by δ-endotoxins, for example CrylAb, CrylAc, Cry1 F, Cry1 Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), for example Vip1 , Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A, expressly also hybrid toxins, truncated toxins and modified toxins.
Hybrid toxins are produced recombinantly by a new combination of different domains of those proteins
(see, for example, WO 02/15701 ). Truncated toxins, for example a truncated CrylAb, are known. In the case of modified toxins, one or more amino acids of the naturally occurring toxin are replaced. In such amino acid replacements, preferably non-naturally present protease recognition sequences are inserted into the toxin , such as, for example, in the case of Cry3A055, a cathepsin-G-recognition sequence is inserted into a Cry3A toxin (see WO 03/018810).
Examples of such toxins or transgenic plants capable of synthesising such toxins are disclosed, for example, in EP-A-0 374 753, WO 93/07278, WO 95/34656, EP-A-0 427 529, EP-A-451 878 and WO 03/052073.
The processes for the preparation of such transgenic plants are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above. Cryl-type deoxyribonucleic acids and their preparation are known, for example, from WO 95/34656, EP-A-0 367 474, EP-A-0 401 979 and WO 90/13651 .
The toxin contained in the transgenic plants imparts to the plants tolerance to harmful insects. Such insects can occur in any taxonomb group of insects, but are especially commonly found in the beetles (Coleoptera), two-winged insects (Diptera) and moths (Lepidoptera).
Transgenic plants containing one or more genes that code for an insecticidal resistance and express one or more toxins are known and some of them are commercially available. Examples of such plants are: YieldGard® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1 Ab toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (maize variety that expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin); YieldGard Plus® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1 Ab and a Cry3Bb1 toxin); Starlink® (maize variety that expresses a Cry9C toxin); Herculex I® (maize variety that expresses a Cry1 Fa2 toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricine N-acetyltransferase (PAT) to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1 Ac toxin);
Bollgard I® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry1 Ac toxin); Bollgard II® (cotton variety that expresses a Cry 1 Ac and a Cry2Ab toxin); VipCot® (cotton variety that expresses a Vip3A and a Cry1 Ab toxin);
NewLeaf® (potato variety that expresses a Cry3A toxin); NatureGard®, Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate-tolerant trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt1 1 corn borer (CB) trait) and Protecta®.
Further examples of such transgenic crops are:
1 . Bt11 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Genetically modified Zea mays which has been rendered resistant to attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) by transgenic expression of a truncated Cry1 Ab toxin. Bt11 maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium.
2. Bt176 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Genetically modified Zea mays which has been rendered resistant to attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) by transgenic expression of a CrylAb toxin. Bt176 maize also transgenically expresses the enzyme PAT to achieve tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium.
3. MIR604 Maize from Syngenta Seeds SAS, Chemin de I'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France, registration number C/FR/96/05/10. Maize which has been rendered insect-resistant by transgenic expression of a modified Cry3A toxin. This toxin is Cry3A055 modified by insertion of a cathepsin-G- protease recognition sequence. The preparation of such transgenic maize plants is described in WO 03/018810.
4. MON 863 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1 150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/DE/02/9. MON 863 expresses a Cry3Bb1 toxin and has resistance to certain Coleoptera insects.
5. IPC 531 Cotton from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1 150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/ES/96/02. 6. 1507 Maize from Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Avenue Tedesco, 7 B-1 160 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/NL/00/10. Genetically modified maize for the expression of the protein Cry1 F for achieving resistance to certain Lepidoptera insects and of the PAT protein for achieving tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium.
7. NK603 x MON 810 Maize from Monsanto Europe S.A. 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1 150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C/GB/02/M3/03. Consists of conventionally bred hybrid maize varieties by crossing the genetically modified varieties NK603 and MON 810. NK603 χ MON 810 Maize transgenically expresses the protein CP4 EPSPS, obtained from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, which imparts tolerance to the herbicide Roundup® (contains glyphosate), and also a Cry1 Ab toxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki which brings about tolerance to certain Lepidoptera, include the European com borer.
Transgenic crops of insect-resistant plants are also described in BATS (Zentrum fur Biosicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit, Zentrum BATS, Clarastrasse 13, 4058 Basel, Switzerland) Report 2003, (http://bats.ch). The term "crops" is to be understood as including also crop plants which have been so transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques that they are capable of synthesising antipathogenic substances having a selective action, such as, for example, the so-called "pathogenesis-related proteins" (PRPs, see e.g. EP-A-0 392 225). Examples of such antipathogenic substances and transgenic plants capable of synthesising such antipathogenic substances are known, for example, from EP-A-0 392 225,
WO 95/33818 and EP-A-0 353 191. The methods of producing such transgenic plants are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the publications mentioned above.
Crops may also be modified for enhanced resistance to fungal (for example Fusarium, Anthracnose, or Phytophthora), bacterial (for example Pseudomonas) or viral (for example potato leafroll virus, tomato spotted wilt virus, cucumber mosaic virus) pathogens. Crops also include those that have enhanced resistance to nematodes, such as the soybean cyst nematode.
Crops that are tolerance to abiotic stress include those that have enhanced tolerance to drought, high salt, high temperature, chill, frost, or light radiation, for example through expression of NF-YB or other proteins known in the art.
Antipathogenic substances which can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, ion channel blockers, such as blockers for sodium and calcium channels, for example the viral KP1 , KP4 or KP6 toxins; stilbene synthases; bibenzyl synthases; chitinases; glucanases; the so-called "pathogenesis- related proteins" (PRPs; see e.g. EP-A-0 392 225); antipathogenic substances produced by
microorganisms, for example peptide antibiotics or heterocyclic antibiotics (see e.g. WO 95/33818) or protein or polypeptide factors involved in plant pathogen defence (so-called "plant disease resistance genes", as described in WO 03/000906). Further areas of use of the compositions according to the invention are the protection of stored goods and store rooms and the protection of raw materials, such as wood, textiles, floor coverings or buildings, and also in the hygiene sector, especially the protection of humans, domestic animals and productive livestock against pests of the mentioned type.
The present invention also provides a method for controlling pests (such as mosquitoes and other disease vectors; see also http://www.who.int malaria/vector_control/irs/en/). In one embodiment, the method for controlling pests comprises applying the compositions of the invention to the target pests, to their locus or to a surface or substrate by brushing, rolling, spraying, spreading or dipping. By way of example, an IRS (indoor residual spraying) application of a surface such as a wall, ceiling or floor surface is contemplated by the method of the invention. In another embodiment, it is contemplated to apply such compositions to a substrate such as non-woven or a fabric material in the form of (or which can be used in the manufacture of) netting, clothing, bedding, curtains and tents.
In one embodiment, the method for controlling such pests comprises applying a pesticidally effective amount of the compositions of the invention to the target pests, to their locus, or to a surface or substrate so as to provide effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface or substrate. Such application may be made by brushing, rolling, spraying, spreading or dipping the pesticidal composition of the invention. By way of example, an IRS application of a surface such as a wall, ceiling or floor surface is contemplated by the method of the invention so as to provide effective residual pesticidal activity on the surface. In another embodiment, it is contemplated to apply such compositions for residual control of pests on a substrate such as a fabric material in the form of (or which can be used in the manufacture of) netting, clothing, bedding, curtains and tents.
Substrates including non-woven, fabrics or netting to be treated may be made of natural fibres such as cotton, raffia, jute, flax, sisal, hessian, or wool, or synthetic fibres such as polyamide, polyester, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile or the like. The polyesters are particularly suitable. The methods of textile treatment are known, e.g. from WO 2008/151984, WO 03/034823, US 5631072, WO 2005/64072, WO2006/128870, EP 1724392, WO 2005/1 13886 or WO 2007/090739.
Further areas of use of the compositions according to the invention are the field of tree injection/trunk treatment for all ornamental trees as well all sort of fruit and nut trees.
In the field of tree injection/trunk treatment, the compounds according to the present invention are especially suitable against wood-boring insects from the order Lepidoptera as mentioned above and from the order Coleoptera, especially against woodborers listed in the following tables A and B:
Table A. Examples of exotic woodborers of economic importance. Family Species Host or Crop Infested
Buprestidae Agrilus planipennis Ash
Cerambycidae Anoplura glabripennis Hardwoods
Xylosandrus crassiusculus Hardwoods
Scolytidae X. mutilatus Hardwoods
Tomicus piniperda Conifers
Table B. Examples of native woodborers of economic importance.
Family Species Host or Crop Infested
Agrilus anxius Birch
Agrilus politus Willow, Maple
Agrilus sayi Bayberry, Sweetfern
Agrilus vittaticolllis Apple, Pear, Cranberry,
Serviceberry, Hawthorn
Chrysobothris femorata Apple, Apricot, Beech, Boxelder,
Buprestidae Cherry, Chestnut, Currant, Elm,
Hawthorn, Hackberry, Hickory, Horsechestnut, Linden, Maple, Mountain-ash, Oak, Pecan, Pear, Peach, Persimmon, Plum, Poplar, Quince, Redbud, Serviceberry, Sycamore, Walnut, Willow
Texania campestris Basswood, Beech, Maple, Oak,
Sycamore, Willow, Yellow-poplar
Goes pulverulentus Beech, Elm, Nuttall, Willow, Black oak, Cherrybark oak, Water oak,
Cerambycidae Sycamore
Goes tigrinus Oak Family Species Host or Crop Infested
Neoclytus acuminatus Ash, Hickory, Oak, Walnut, Birch,
Beech, Maple, Eastern
hophornbeam, Dogwood,
Persimmon, Redbud, Holly, Hackberry, Black locust,
Honeylocust, Yellow-poplar, Chestnut, Osage-orange, Sassafras, Lilac, Mountain-mahogany, Pear, Cherry, Plum, Peach, Apple, Elm, Basswood, Sweetgum
Neoptychodes trilineatus Fig, Alder, Mulberry, Willow, Netleaf hackberry
Oberea ocellata Sumac, Apple, Peach, Plum, Pear,
Currant, Blackberry
Oberea tripunctata Dogwood, Viburnum, Elm,
Sourwood, Blueberry,
Rhododendron, Azalea, Laurel, Poplar, Willow, Mulberry
Oncideres cingulata Hickory, Pecan, Persimmon, Elm,
Sourwood, Basswood, Honeylocust, Dogwood, Eucalyptus, Oak, Hackberry, Maple, Fruit trees
Saperda calcarata Poplar
Strophiona nitens Chestnut, Oak, Hickory, Walnut,
Beech, Maple
Corthylus columbianus Maple, Oak, Yellow-poplar, Beech,
Boxelder, Sycamore, Birch, Basswood, Chestnut, Elm
Scolytidae
Dendroctonus frontalis Pine
Dryocoetes betulae Birch, Sweetgum, Wild cherry, Family Species Host or Crop Infested
Beech, Pear
Monarthrum fasciatum Oak, Maple, Birch, Chestnut,
Sweetgum, Blackgum, Poplar,
Hickory, Mimosa, Apple, Peach, Pine
Phloeotribus liminaris Peach, Cherry, Plum, Black cherry,
Elm, Mulberry, Mountain-ash
Pseudopityophthorus pruinosus Oak, American beech, Black cherry,
Chickasaw plum, Chestnut, Maple,
Hickory, Hornbeam, Hophornbeam
Paranthrene simulans Oak, American chestnut
Sannina uroceriformis Persimmon
Synanthedon exitiosa Peach, Plum, Nectarine, Cherry,
Apricot, Almond, Black cherry
Synanthedon pictipes Peach, Plum, Cherry, Beach, Black
Cherry
Sesiidae
Synanthedon rubrofascia Tupelo
Synanthedon scitula Dogwood, Pecan, Hickory, Oak,
Chestnut, Beech, Birch, Black cherry,
Elm, Mountain-ash, Viburnum,
Willow, Apple, Loquat, Ninebark,
Bayberry
Vitacea polistiformis Grape
The present invention may be also used to control any insect pests that may be present in turfgrass, including for example beetles, caterpillars, fire ants, ground pearls, millipedes, sow bugs, mites, mole crickets, scales, mealybugs ticks, spittlebugs, southern chinch bugs and white grubs. The present invention may be used to control insect pests at various stages of their life cycle, including eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults. ln particular, the present invention may be used to control insect pests that feed on the roots of turfgrass including white grubs (such as Cyclocephala spp. (e.g. masked chafer, C. lurida), Rhizotrogus spp. (e.g. European chafer, R. majalis), Cotinus spp. (e.g. Green June beetle, C. nitida), Popillia spp. (e.g.
Japanese beetle, P. japonica), Phyllophaga spp. (e.g. May/June beetle), Ataenius spp. (e.g. Black turfgrass ataenius, A. spretulus), Maladera spp. (e.g. Asiatic garden beetle, M. castanea) and Tomarus spp.), ground pearls (Margarodes spp.), mole crickets (tawny, southern, and short-winged; Scaptehscus spp., Gryllotalpa africana) and leatherjackets (European crane fly, Tipula spp.).
The present invention may also be used to control insect pests of turfgrass that are thatch dwelling, including armyworms (such as fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, and common armyworm
Pseudaletia unipuncta), cutworms, billbugs (Sphenophorus spp., such as S. venatus verstitus and S. parvulus), and sod webworms (such as Crambus spp. and the tropical sod webworm, Herpetogramma phaeopteralis).
The present invention may also be used to control insect pests of turfgrass that live above the ground and feed on the turfgrass leaves, including chinch bugs (such as southern chinch bugs, Blissus insularis), Bermudagrass mite (Ehophyes cynodoniensis), rhodesgrass mealybug (Antonina graminis), two-lined spittlebug (Propsapia bicincta), leafhoppers, cutworms (Noctuidae family), and greenbugs.
The present invention may also be used to control other pests of turfgrass such as red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) that create ant mounds in turf.
In the hygiene sector, the compositions according to the invention are active against ectoparasites such as hard ticks, soft ticks, mange mites, harvest mites, flies (biting and licking), parasitic fly larvae, lice, hair lice, bird lice and fleas. Examples of such parasites are:
Of the order Anoplurida: Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp. and Phtirus spp., Solenopotes spp.. Of the order Mallophagida: Trimenopon spp., Menopon spp., Trinoton spp., Bovicola spp., Werneckiella spp., Lepikentron spp., Damalina spp., Trichodectes spp. and Felicola spp..
Of the order Diptera and the suborders Nematocerina and Brachycerina, for example Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Culex spp., Simulium spp., Eusimulium spp., Phlebotomus spp., Lutzomyia spp., Culicoides spp., Chrysops spp., Hybomitra spp., Atylotus spp., Tabanus spp., Haematopota spp.,
Philipomyia spp., Braula spp., Musca spp., Hydrotaea spp., Stomoxys spp., Haematobia spp., Morellia spp., Fannia spp., Glossina spp., Calliphora spp., Lucilia spp., Chrysomyia spp., Wohlfahrtia spp., Sarcophaga spp., Oestrus spp., Hypoderma spp., Gasterophilus spp., Hippobosca spp., Lipoptena spp. and Melophagus spp.. Of the order Siphonapterida, for example Pulex spp., Ctenocephalides spp., Xenopsylla spp.
Ceratophyllus spp..
Of the order Heteropterida, for example Cimex spp., Triatoma spp., Rhodnius spp., Panstrongylus spp..
Of the order Blattarida, for example Blatta orientalis, Periplaneta americana, Blattelagermanica and Supella spp..
Of the subclass Acaria (Acarida) and the orders Meta- and Meso-stigmata, for example Argas spp., Ornithodorus spp., Otobius spp., Ixodes spp., Amblyomma spp., Boophilus spp., Dermacentor spp., Haemophysalis spp., Hyalomma spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Dermanyssus spp., Raillietia spp.,
Pneumonyssus spp., Sternostoma spp. and Varroa spp..
Of the orders Actinedida (Prostigmata) and Acaridida (Astigmata), for example Acarapis spp., Cheyletiella spp., Ornithocheyletia spp., Myobia spp., Psorergatesspp., Demodex spp., Trombicula spp., Listrophorus spp., Acarus spp., Tyrophagus spp., Caloglyphus spp., Hypodectes spp., Pterolichus spp., Psoroptes spp., Chorioptes spp., Otodectes spp., Sarcoptes spp., Notoedres spp., Knemidocoptes spp., Cytodites spp. and Laminosioptes spp.. The compositions according to the invention are also suitable for protecting against insect infestation in the case of materials such as wood, textiles, plastics, adhesives, glues, paints, paper and card, leather, floor coverings and buildings.
The compositions according to the invention can be used, for example, against the following pests: beetles such as Hylotrupes bajulus, Chlorophorus pilosis, Anobium punctatum, Xestobium rufovillosum, Ptilinuspecticornis, Dendrobium pertinex, Ernobius mollis, Priobium carpini, Lyctus brunneus, Lyctus africanus, Lyctus planicollis, Lyctus linearis, Lyctus pubescens, Trogoxylon aequale, Minthesrugicollis, Xyleborus spec.Tryptodendron spec, Apate monachus, Bostrychus capucins, Heterobostrychus brunneus, Sinoxylon spec, and Dinoderus minutus, and also hymenopterans such as Sirex juvencus, Urocerus gigas, Urocerus gigas taignus and Urocerus augur, and termites such as Kalotermes flavicollis, Cryptotermes brevis, Heterotermes indicola, Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes santonensis, Reticulitermes lucifugus, Mastotermes darwiniensis, Zootermopsis nevadensis and Coptotermes formosanus, and bristletails such as Lepisma saccharina. The compounds according to the invention can be used as pesticidal agents in unmodified form, but they are generally formulated into compositions in various ways using formulation adjuvants, such as carriers, solvents and surface-active substances. The formulations can be in various physical forms, e.g. in the form of dusting powders, gels, wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, water-dispersible tablets, effervescent pellets, emulsifiable concentrates, microemulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, oil-flowables, aqueous dispersions, oily dispersions, suspo-emulsions, capsule suspensions, emulsifiable granules, soluble liquids, water-soluble concentrates (with water or a water-miscible organic solvent as carrier), impregnated polymer films or in other forms known e.g. from the Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHO Specifications for Pesticides, United Nations, First Edition, Second Revision
(2010). Such formulations can either be used directly or diluted prior to use. The dilutions can be made, for example, with water, liquid fertilisers, micronutrients, biological organisms, oil or solvents.
The formulations can be prepared e.g. by mixing the active ingredient with the formulation adjuvants in order to obtain compositions in the form of finely divided solids, granules, solutions, dispersions or emulsions. The active ingredients can also be formulated with other adjuvants, such as finely divided solids, mineral oils, oils of vegetable or animal origin, modified oils of vegetable or animal origin, organic solvents, water, surface-active substances or combinations thereof.
The active ingredients can also be contained in very fine microcapsules. Microcapsules contain the active ingredients in a porous carrier. This enables the active ingredients to be released into the environment in controlled amounts (e.g. slow-release). Microcapsules usually have a diameter of from 0.1 to 500 microns. They contain active ingredients in an amount of about from 25 to 95 % by weight of the capsule weight. The active ingredients can be in the form of a monolithic solid, in the form of fine particles in solid or liquid dispersion or in the form of a suitable solution. The encapsulating membranes can comprise, for example, natural or synthetic rubbers, cellulose, styrene/butadiene copolymers, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyesters, polyamides, polyureas, polyurethane or chemically modified polymers and starch xanthates or other polymers that are known to the person skilled in the art. Alternatively, very fine microcapsules can be formed in which the active ingredient is contained in the form of finely divided particles in a solid matrix of base substance, but the microcapsules are not themselves encapsulated.
The formulation adjuvants that are suitable for the preparation of the compositions according to the invention are known per se. As liquid carriers there may be used: water, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, vegetable oils, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acid anhydrides, acetonitrile, acetophenone, amyl acetate, 2-butanone, butylene carbonate, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, alkyl esters of acetic acid, diacetone alcohol, 1 ,2-dichloropropane, diethanolamine, p-diethylbenzene, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol abietate, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, A/.W-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1 ,4-dioxane, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, diproxitol, alkylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, 2-ethyl- hexanol, ethylene carbonate, 1 ,1 ,1 -trichloroethane, 2-heptanone, alpha-pinene, d-limonene, ethyl lactate, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, gamma-butyrolactone, glycerol, glycerol acetate, glycerol diacetate, glycerol triacetate, hexadecane, hexylene glycol, isoamyl acetate, isobornyl acetate, isooctane, isophorone, isopropylbenzene, isopropyl myristate, lactic acid, laurylamine, mesityl oxide, methoxypropanol, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl laurate, methyl octanoate, methyl oleate, methylene chloride, m-xylene, n-hexane, n-octylamine, octadecanoic acid, octylamine acetate, oleic acid, oleylamine, o-xylene, phenol, polyethylene glycol, propionic acid, propyl lactate, propylene carbonate, propylene glycol, propylene glycol methyl ether, p-xylene, toluene, triethyl phosphate, triethylene glycol, xylenesulfonic acid, paraffin, mineral oil, trichloroethylene,
perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and alcohols of higher molecular weight, such as amyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, hexanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, N- methyl-2-pyrrolidone and the like.
Suitable solid carriers are, for example, talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, silica, attapulgite clay, kieselguhr, limestone, calcium carbonate, bentonite, calcium montmorillonite, cottonseed husks, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, ground walnut shells, lignin and similar substances.
A large number of surface-active substances can advantageously be used in both solid and liquid formulations, especially in those formulations which can be diluted with a carrier prior to use. Surface- active substances may be anionic, cationic, non-ionic or polymeric and they can be used as emulsifiers, wetting agents or suspending agents or for other purposes. Typical surface-active substances include, for example, salts of alkyl sulfates, such as diethanolammonium lauryl sulfate; salts of alkylarylsulfonates, such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; alkylphenol/alkylene oxide addition products, such as nonylphenol ethoxylate; alcohol/alkylene oxide addition products, such as tridecylalcohol ethoxylate; soaps, such as sodium stearate; salts of alkylnaphthalenesulfonat.es, such as sodium
dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate; dialkyl esters of sulfosuccinate salts, such as sodium di(2- ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate; sorbitol esters, such as sorbitol oleate; quaternary amines, such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, such as polyethylene glycol stearate; block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and salts of mono- and di- alkylphosphate esters; and also further substances described e.g. in McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual, MC Publishing Corp., Ridgewood New Jersey (1981 ). Further adjuvants that can be used in pesticidal formulations include crystallisation inhibitors, viscosity modifiers, suspending agents, dyes, anti-oxidants, foaming agents, light absorbers, mixing auxiliaries, antifoams, complexing agents, neutralising or pH-modifying substances and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, fragrances, wetting agents, take-up enhancers, micronutrients, plasticisers, glidants, lubricants, dispersants, thickeners, antifreezes, microbicides, and liquid and solid fertilisers. The compositions according to the invention can include an additive comprising an oil of vegetable or animal origin, a mineral oil, alkyl esters of such oils or mixtures of such oils and oil derivatives. The amount of oil additive in the composition according to the invention is generally from 0.01 to 10 %, based on the mixture to be applied. For example, the oil additive can be added to a spray tank in the desired concentration after a spray mixture has been prepared. Preferred oil additives comprise mineral oils or an oil of vegetable origin, for example rapeseed oil, olive oil or sunflower oil, emulsified vegetable oil, alkyl esters of oils of vegetable origin, for example the methyl derivatives, or an oil of animal origin, such as fish oil or beef tallow. Preferred oil additives comprise alkyl esters of C8-C22 fatty acids, especially the methyl derivatives of Ci2-Ci8 fatty acids, for example the methyl esters of lauric acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid (methyl laurate, methyl palmitate and methyl oleate, respectively). Many oil derivatives are known from the Compendium of Herbicide Adjuvants, 10th Edition, Southern Illinois University, 2010. The inventive compositions generally comprise from 0.1 to 99 % by weight, especially from 0.1 to 95 % by weight, of compounds of the present invention and from 1 to 99.9 % by weight of a formulation adjuvant which preferably includes from 0 to 25 % by weight of a surface-active substance. Whereas commercial products may preferably be formulated as concentrates, the end user will normally employ dilute formulations. The rates of application vary within wide limits and depend on the nature of the soil, the method of application, the crop plant, the pest to be controlled, the prevailing climatic conditions, and other factors governed by the method of application, the time of application and the target crop. As a general guideline compounds may be applied at a rate of from 1 to 2000 l/ha, especially from 10 to 1000 l/ha.
Preferred formulations can have the following compositions (weight %): Emulsifiable concentrates:
active ingredient: 1 to 95 %, preferably 60 to 90 %
surface-active agent: 1 to 30 %, preferably 5 to 20 %
liquid carrier: 1 to 80 %, preferably 1 to 35 %
Dusts:
active ingredient: 0.1 to 10 %, preferably 0.1 to 5 %
solid carrier: 99.9 to 90 %, preferably 99.9 to 99 %
Suspension concentrates:
active ingredient: 5 to 75 %, preferably 10 to 50 %
water: 94 to 24 %, preferably 88 to 30 %
surface-active agent: 1 to 40 %, preferably 2 to 30 %
Wettable powders:
active ingredient: 0.5 to 90 %, preferably 1 to 80 %
surface-active agent: 0.5 to 20 %, preferably 1 to 15 %
solid carrier: %, preferably 15 to 90 %
Granules:
active ingredient: 0.1 to 30 %, preferably 0.1 to 15 % solid carrier: 99.5 to 70 %, preferably 97 to 85 %
The following Examples further illustrate, but do not limit, the invention.
Figure imgf000046_0001
The combination is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording wettable powders that can be diluted with water to give suspensions of the desired concentration.
Figure imgf000046_0002
The combination is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvants and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill, affording powders that can be used directly for seed treatment.
Emulsifiable concentrate active ingredients 10 % octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (4-5 mol of ethylene 3 %
oxide) calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3 % castor oil polyglycol ether (35 mol of ethylene oxide) 4 %
Cyclohexanone 30 % xylene mixture 50 %
Emulsions of any required dilution, which can be used in plant protection, can be obtained from this concentrate by dilution with water.
Figure imgf000047_0001
Ready-for-use dusts are obtained by mixing the combination with the carrier and grinding the mixture in a suitable mill. Such powders can also be used for dry dressings for seed.
Figure imgf000047_0002
The combination is mixed and ground with the adjuvants, and the mixture is moistened with water. The mixture is extruded and then dried in a stream of air.
Coated qranules
Active ingredients 8 % polyethylene glycol (mol. wt. 200) 3 % Kaolin 89 %
The finely ground combination is uniformly applied, in a mixer, to the kaolin moistened with polyethylene glycol. Non-dusty coated granules are obtained in this manner.
Figure imgf000048_0001
The finely ground combination is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water. Using such dilutions, living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.
Flowable concentrate for seed treatment
Figure imgf000048_0002
The finely ground combination is intimately mixed with the adjuvants, giving a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution can be obtained by dilution with water. Using such dilutions, living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected against infestation by microorganisms, by spraying, pouring or immersion.
Slow Release Capsule Suspension
28 parts of the combination are mixed with 2 parts of an aromatic solvent and 7 parts of toluene diisocyanate/polymethylene-polyphenylisocyanate-mixture (8:1 ). This mixture is emulsified in a mixture of 1 .2 parts of polyvinylalcohol, 0.05 parts of a defoamer and 51.6 parts of water until the desired particle size is achieved. To this emulsion a mixture of 2.8 parts 1 ,6-diaminohexane in 5.3 parts of water is added. The mixture is agitated until the polymerization reaction is completed. The obtained capsule suspension is stabilized by adding 0.25 parts of a thickener and 3 parts of a dispersing agent. The capsule suspension formulation contains 28% of the active ingredients. The medium capsule diameter is 8-15 microns. The resulting formulation is applied to seeds as an aqueous suspension in an apparatus suitable for that purpose.
Formulation types include an emulsion concentrate (EC), a suspension concentrate (SC), a suspo- emulsion (SE), a capsule suspension (CS), a water dispersible granule (WG), an emulsifiable granule (EG), an emulsion, water in oil (EO), an emulsion, oil in water (EW), a micro-emulsion (ME), an oil dispersion (OD), an oil miscible flowable (OF), an oil miscible liquid (OL), a soluble concentrate (SL), an ultra-low volume suspension (SU), an ultra-low volume liquid (UL), a technical concentrate (TK), a dispersible concentrate (DC), a wettable powder (WP), a soluble granule (SG) or any technically feasible formulation in combination with agriculturally acceptable adjuvants. Preparatory Examples:
"Mp" means melting point in °C. Free radicals represent methyl groups. H NMR measurements were recorded on a Brucker 400MHz spectrometer, chemical shifts are given in ppm relevant to a TMS standard. Spectra measured in deuterated solvents as indicated. LCMS Methods:
Method 1 : Standard (SQD-ZDQ-ZCQ)
Spectra were recorded on a Mass Spectrometer from Waters (SQD or ZQ Single quadrupole mass spectrometer) equipped with an electrospray source (Polarity: positive or negative ions, Capillary: 3.00 kV, Cone range: 30-60 V, Extractor: 2.00 V, Source Temperature: 150°C, Desolvation Temperature: 350°C, Cone Gas Flow: 0 L/Hr, Desolvation Gas Flow: 650 L/Hr, Mass range: 100 to 900 Da) and an Acquity UPLC from Waters: Binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Solvent degasser, binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Column: Waters UPLC HSS T3 , 1 .8 μΐΎΊ , 30 x 2.1 mm, Temp: 60 °C, DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 500, Solvent Gradient: A = water + 5% MeOH + 0.05 % HCOOH, B= Acetonitrile + 0.05 % HCOOH; gradient: 0 min 0% B, 100% A; 1 .2-1.5 min 100% B; Flow (ml/min) 0.85. Method 2: Standard long: (SQD-ZDQ-ZCQ)
Spectra were recorded on a Mass Spectrometer from Waters (SQD or ZQ Single quadrupole mass spectrometer) equipped with an electrospray source (Polarity: positive or negative ions, Capillary: 3.00 kV, Cone range: 30-60 V, Extractor: 2.00 V, Source Temperature: 150°C, Desolvation Temperature: 350°C, Cone Gas Flow: 0 L/Hr, Desolvation Gas Flow: 650 L/Hr, Mass range: 100 to 900 Da) and an Acquity UPLC from Waters: Binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Solvent degasser, binary pump, heated column compartment and diode-array detector. Column: Waters UPLC HSS T3 , 1 .8 μΐΎΊ , 30 x 2.1 mm, Temp: 60 °C, DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 500, Solvent Gradient: A = water + 5% MeOH + 0.05 % HCOOH, B= Acetonitrile + 0.05 % HCOOH; gradient: 0 min 0% B, 100% A; 2.7-3.0 min 100% B; Flow (ml/min) 0.85.
Example 11 : Preparation of 3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yllpyridine-2-carboxylic acid (Intermediate 11 ):
Step 1 : Preparation of methyl 5-bromo-3-chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylate
Figure imgf000050_0001
To a slightly cloudy solution of 5-bromo-3-chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (60 g, 183.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (700 ml) was added dropwise N,N-dimethylformamide (1 ml) and oxalylchloride (24,9 ml, 286.9 mmol). The cloudy solution was stirred for 3 hours at ambient temperature. The resulting yellow solution was cooled to 10°C and methanol (30.8 ml, 761 .3 mmol) was added dropwise to the mixture, keeping the temperature between 15° and 20°C. The solution was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. After neutralization with an aqueous saturated solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate, the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtrated and evaporated to give methyl 5- bromo-3-chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylate (55 g) as a yellow solid, which was used without further purification. LCMS (method 2): 250/252/254 (M+1 )+, retention time 1 .12 min.
Step 2: Preparation of methyl 3-chloro-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]pyridine-2-carboxylate
Figure imgf000051_0001
A solution of methyl 5-bromo-3-chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylate (preparation described before, 40.0 g, 160 mmol) in Dioxane (1000 imL) was added 3-trifluoromethyl-1 H-pyrazole (32.6 g, 240 mmol), Ν ,Ν'- Dimethylethylenediamine (4.78 g, 5.30 imL), potassium carbonate (48.4 g, 479 mmol) and copper(l) iodide (15.2 g, 79.8 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred under reflux for 24 hours, the reaction mixture was filtered through a Hyflo pad, which was rinsed with MeOH then the solvent was evaporated under vacuum. The solid was dissolved in AcOEt and washed with HCI 0.5N, the organic phase was dried on magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate / cyclohexane. The selected fractions were evaporated to yield the title compound as colorless solid (18g). LCMS (method 1 ): 305 (M+H+)+ retention time 0.99min.
Ste 3: Preparation of 3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (11 )
Figure imgf000051_0002
To a solution of methyl 3-chloro-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]pyridine-2-carboxylate (18.0 g, 58.9 mmol) in 200 ml Ν,Ν-dimethylformamide, sodium ethanethiolate (27.4 g, 290 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred 1 hour at ambient temperature. The solution was diluted with iert-butyl methyl ether and ice water and extracted with was extracted with iert-butyl methyl ether. The aqueous phase was separated and neutralized with acetic acid. The precipitate formed was filtered off and watch off with diethyl ether. The solid was suspended in 80mL of iPrOH and refluxed for 1.5 hours. It was filtered (hot) and the filtrate was allowed to cool down under stirring then filtered to give the desired intermediate 11 (4.13 g). LCMS (method 1 ): 418 (M+H+)+, 416 (M-H+)+retention time 0.92min Example I2: Preparation of 5-bromo-3-ethylsulfanyl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid :
Step A : Preparation of methyl 5-bromo-3-eth lsulfanyl-pyridine-2-carboxylate:
Figure imgf000052_0001
To a solution of methyl 5-bromo-3-chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylate (0.100 g, 0.399 mmol) (commercial product) in tetrahydrofuran, stirred at 0°C, was added ethylsulfanylsodium (0.034 g, 1 equiv.). After 1 hour at that temperature, the ice bath was removed and stirring was continued for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was then poured onto water (15 ml) and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed. The residue was submitted to flash chromatography over sil ica gel and the selected fractions evaporated to yield methyl 5-bromo-3- ethylsulfanyl-pyridine-2-carboxylate as a colorless solid. LCMS (method 1 ): 276, 278 (M+H); retention time: 0.92 min. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ ppm: 8.46 (s, 1 H); 7.79 (s, 1 H); 4.00 (s, 3 H); 2.94 (q, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H); 1 .42 (t, J= 7.4 Hz, 3H).
Step B: Preparation of 5-bromo-3-ethylsulfan l-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid:
Figure imgf000052_0002
A solution of methyl 5-bromo-3-ethylsulfanyl-pyrid ine-2-carboxylate (3.900 g , 14.12 mmol) (preparation described here above) in a mixture of methyl alcohol (75 ml) and water (20 ml) stirred at 20°C was treated with 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (7.04 ml, 1 .05 equiv.). The mixture was stirred for two hours, then most of the alcohol was eliminated under reduced pressure. The residue was then treated with 2N aqueous HCI solution and the resulting precipitate was filtered off, washed with water and dried under vacuum. The title compound was obtained as a colorless solid. LCMS (method 1 ): 260, 262 (M-H);
retention time: 0.77 min. H NMR (400 MHz, d6-DMSO) δ ppm: 13.4 (br s, 1 H); 8.50 (s, 1 H); 8.07 (s, 1 H); 3.04 (q, J=7.53 Hz, 2 H); 1 .27 (t, J=7.53 Hz, 3 H).
Example I3: Preparation of (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2- blpyridin-1 -yllmethanone:
Figure imgf000053_0001
Step A: Preparation of (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfanyl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2- b]pyrid in-1 -yl]methanone.
Figure imgf000053_0002
The same method, described in Example P1 , was used to prepared the (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfanyl-2- pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1 -yl]methanone. H N MR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ ppm 8.75 (s, 1 H), 8.51 (s, 1 H), 8.47 (d, 1 H), 7.87 (d, 1 H), 4.14 (t, 2 H), 3.35 (t, 2 H), 3.00 (q, 2 H), 1 .37 (t, 3 H).
Step B: Preparation of (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2- blpyrid in-1 -yllmethanone.
Figure imgf000053_0003
To a solution of (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfanyl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1 - yl]methanone. (6.23 g, 14.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (288 ml) at 0-5°C was added meta- chloroperoxybenzoic acid (8.53g, mCPBA, -75%). The white suspension was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 hours, then poured on water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed 3 times with 5 ml 10% NaHS03 solution in water then with a solution of NaOH (1 N), then dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by Combi flash chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate in cyclohexane) to afford the title compound (4.6g). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ ppm 8.93 (d, 1 H), 8.63 (d, 1 H), 8.52 (m, 2 H), 4.04 (t, 2 H), 3.56 (q, 2 H), 3.37 (t, 2 H), 1 .37 (t, 3 H).
Example I4: Preparation of [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-pyridyl1-[6- (trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-1 -yl1methanone
Figure imgf000054_0001
A mixture of (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1 - yl]methanone. (Preparation described above) (3 g, 6.461 mmol), potassium acetate (3.203 g, 32.31 mmol) and 1 ,1 '-bis(diphenylphosphino) -ferrocene) dichloropalladium-dichloromethane (1 :1 ) complex (0.09649 g, 0.1292 mmol) in Dioxane (19.38 mL) was gently flushed with argon, then 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- 2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolane (4.922 g, 19.38 mmol) was added and the pale yellow mixture was heated at 1 10°C for 30 min. under microwave. After consumption of the starting bromide, the reaction mixture was diluted with water (30 ml) and extracted twice with ethyl acetate (3x30 mL). The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate / cyclohexane. The selected fractions were evaporated to yield the title compound (4.29 g, containing inorganic salt) as a slightly yellow solid. This compound was used for the next step without extra purification. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ ppm 9.16 (s, 1 H), 8.73 (s, 1 H), 8.64 (s, 1 H), 8.52 (s, 1 H), 4.02 (t, 2H), 3.52 (q, 2H), 3.35 (t, 2H), 1 .39 (s, 12H). Example I5: Preparation of 3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyllpyridine-2-carboxylic acid
Figure imgf000054_0002
Step A: Preparation of methyl 3-chloro-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyllpyridine-2-carboxylate
Figure imgf000055_0001
To a solution of methyl 5-bromo-3-chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylate (10.00g) (commercial product) and 4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid (7.96g) in a mixture of 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane /water (200 ml_/20 mL) was added sodium carbonate (8.46g) and the mixture was flushed with argon. Tetrakis
(triphenylphosphine) palladium(O) (2.30g) was added and the mixture was stirred at 90°C for 7h. Then tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.5g) added and the mixture was stirred another 2h at 90°C to complete the reaction. The reaction mixture was then poured onto water (15 ml) and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. . The organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed. The residue was submitted to flash chromatography over silica gel (ethyl acetate and heptane) and the selected fractions evaporated to yield methyl 3-chloro-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyridine-2-carboxylate (2.10 g). LCMS (method 2): 316 (M-H); retention time: 1 .69 min.
Step B: Preparation of 3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyllpyridine-2-carboxylic acid
Figure imgf000055_0002
This transformation was done using g the same procedure that for the preparation ExampleH (Step3). LCMS (method 2): 328 (M-H); retention time: 1.54 min
Example I6: Preparation of 2-ethylsulfonyl-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl1benzoic acid
Figure imgf000055_0003
Step A: Preparation of 4-bromo-2-ethylsulfanyl-benzoic acid
Figure imgf000056_0001
To a solution of compound 4-bromo-2-fluoro-benzoic acid (commercially available: CAS 112704-79-7, 25.0 g, 0.11 mol) in NMP (200 mL) was slowly added NaSEt (28.8 g, 0.33 mol), the mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 24 h. Then it was cooled to ambient temperature, quenched with water, the aqueous phase was adjust to pH<3 with 3 N HCI hen it was extracted with EtOAc for 3 times. The combined organic phase was washed with brine, dried with Na2S04, evaporated to dryness to get title compound 2 (25 g, yield: 84%) as light yellow solid. H NMR (400 MHz, d6-DMSO): δ (ppm) 12.13 (brs, 1 H), 7.76 (d, 1 H), 7.44 (s, 1 H), 7.37 (d, 1 H), 2.94 (q, 2H), 1 .25 (t, 3H).
Step B: Preparation of methyl 4-bromo-2-ethylsulfanyl-benzoate
Figure imgf000056_0002
To a solution of 4-bromo-2-ethylsulfanyl-benzoic acid (Step A, 25.0 g, 0.09 mol) in methanol (150 mL) was dropwise added thionyl chloride (14.0 mL, 0.18 mol) and refluxed overnight. Then the reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness and diluted with 200 ml of water. The aqueous was adjust to pH>8 with saturated sodium bicarbonate and extracted with EA three times. The combined organic phase was washed with brine, dried with Na2S04, evaporated to dryness to get the title compound (21.0 g, yield: 80 %). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ (ppm) 7.81 (d, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 7.25(d, 1 H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 2.93 (q, 2H), 1 .39 (t, 3H).
Step C: Preparation of methyl 4-bromo-2-ethylsulfonyl-benzoate
Figure imgf000056_0003
To a solution of compound methyl 4-bromo-2-ethylsulfanyl-benzoate (Step B, 9.6 g, 35.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (150 mL) was added 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (15.6 g, 70.0 mmol).The mixture was stirred at rt overnight. Then it was diluted with dichloromethane and water. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with dichloromethane. The combined organic phase was washed with saturated sodium thiosulfate solution for 3 times, dried with Na2S04, evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica to get the title compound as white solid (8.0 g, 80 %, PE: EtOAc=3:1 ). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ (ppm) 8.06 (m, 2 H), 7.70 (d, 1 H), 3.50 (s, 3 H), 2.93 (q, 2 H), 1 .17 (t, 3H).
Step D: Preparation of methyl 2-ethylsulfonyl-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl1benzoate
Figure imgf000057_0001
To a solution of compound methyl 4-bromo-2-ethylsulfonyl-benzoate (Step C, 45.0 g, 0.14 mol) in 1 , 4- dioxane (200 mL) was added N, W'-Dimethylethylenediamine(1 .6 ml_, 0.014mol), K2CO3(4.0 g, 0.028 mol), Cul(1 .4 g, 0.007 mol) The mixture The mixture was stirred at 100 °C overnight. Then the reaction mixture was filtered, the filtrate was evaporated under vacuum, the residue was purified by
chromatography on silica to get the title compound as white solid (21 g, yield: 40 %, PE: EtOAc=2:1 ). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ (ppm) 8.35 (s, 1 H), 8.13 (d, 1 H), 8.09 (s, 1 H), 7.86 (d, 1 H), 6.79 (s, 1 H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 3.61 (q, 2H), 1.37 (t, 3H).
Step E: Preparation of2-ethylsulfonyl-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl1benzoic acid
Figure imgf000057_0002
A solution of methyl 2-ethylsulfonyl-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]benzoate (2 g, 5.52 mmol) in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran (8 ml) and water (2 ml) was added lithium hydroxide (0.148 mg, 6.07 mmol). The mixture was stirred for two days at RT, and then most of the tetrahydrofuran was eliminated under reduced pressure. The residue was then treated with 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and the resulting precipitate was filtered off, washed with water and dried under vacuum. The title compound (1.78 g, 5.11 mmol) was obtained as a solid. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 1 .22 (t, 3 H) 3.64 (q, 2 H) 7.16 (d, 1 H) 7.96 (d,1 H) 8.30 - 8.44 (m, 2H) 8.97 (d, 1 H) 13.97 (br. s., 1 H).
LC-MS (Method A): RT 0.85, (349, M+H). Example P1 : : Preparation of [3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl1-2-pyridyl1-[6- (trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo 2-blpyridin-1 -yl1methanone (title compound A1 ):
Figure imgf000058_0001
(a) To a solution of 3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
(Intermediate 11 , 300 mg, 0.9 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 ml) was added one drop of N,N- dimethylformamide, followed by oxalyl chloride (200 mg, 2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred 30 minutes at room temperature then 30 minutes to reflux. Then the solvent was removed and dried by vacuum to afford the 3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]pyridine-2-carbonyl chloride.
(b) To a solution of 6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1 H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine (commercially available, 75 mg, 0.40 mmol) dissolved in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran (0.8 imL) in pyridine (0.1 imL) was added a solution of 3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]pyridine-2-carbonyl chloride (147.2 mg, 0.44 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (0.5 ml) dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into a saturated solution of sodium hydrogenocarbonate and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layer was washed with water, brine and dried over Na2S04. Filtered, concentrated and purified by column chromatography using cyclohexane-ethyl acetate to give the desired compound A1 as a white solid (amount: 153 mg).
The same method was used to prepared [3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]-2-pyridyl]-[5- (trifluoromethyl)indolin-1 -yl]methanone A2 from 5-(trifluoromethyl)indoline(commercially available).
Example P2: Preparation of [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl1-2-pyridyl1-[6- (trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-1 -yllmethanone (compound A3):
Figure imgf000058_0002
To a solution of [3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]-2-pyridyl]-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3- dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1 -yl]methanone (A2, 145 mg, 0.2975 mmol) in dichloromethane (5.9 ml) at 0- 5°C was added meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (176 mg, mCPBA, -75%, 0.714 mmol). The white suspension was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 hours, then poured on water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with an aqueous 1 M NaOH solution, then dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by Combi flash chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate in cyclohexane) to afford the title compound A3 (50mg).
The same method was used to prepared [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]-2-pyridyl]-[5- (trifluoromethyl)indolin-l -yl]methanone A4 from [3-ethylsulfanyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]-2- pyridyl]-[5-(trifluoromethyl)indolin-1 -yl]methanone A1.
Example P3: Preparation of compound A5 to A24:
Protocol:
1 . Halogeno compounds (2.5eq.) are weighed manually into a conical mbrowave vial. 0.3mL DME is added with a multipipette.
2. A stock solution of [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-pyridyl]-[6- (trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1 -yl]methanone (preparation described before) was prepared by mixing 369mg in 12mL DME.
3. A stock suspension of the X-Phos precatalyst Buchwald 2d Generation (0.1eq.) is done by mixing 59mg in 5mL DME.
0.5mL of solution 2 was added into vials, followed by 0.3mL water, 40uL of a solution of sodium carbonate ( 2 M) and 0.2 mL of solution 3. The vials were flushed with argon and capped. Then, the vials were heat in a microwave oven at 1 10°C for 10min. The solvents were evaporated and a mixture of water and ethyl acetate were added to the vial. The aqueous phase was extracted 3xwith ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried on magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by reverse phase preparative system.
LC-MS condition for analytic: ACQUITY SQD Mass Spectrometer from Waters (Single quadrupole mass spectrometer), lonisation method: Electrospray, Polarity: positive ions, Capillary (kV) 3.00, Cone (V)
20.00, Extractor (V) 3.00, Source Temperature (°C) 150, Desolvation Temperature (°C) 400, Cone Gas Flow (L/Hr) 60, Desolvation Gas Flow (L/Hr) 700, Mass range: 100 to 800 Da, DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 400, Method Waters ACQUITY UPLC with the following HPLC gradient conditions Solvent A: Water/Methanol 9:1 ,0.1 % formb acid and Solvent B: Acetonitrile,0.1 % formb acid )
Time (minutes) A (%) B (%) Flow rate (ml/m in)
0 100 0 0.75
2.5 0 100 0.75
2.8 0 100 0.75
3.0 100 0 0.75 Type of column: Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3; Column length: 30 mm; Internal diameter of column: 2.1 mm; Particle Size: 1 .8 micron; Temperature: 60°C.
Figure imgf000060_0001
Example P4: Preparation of compound A25 to A48: Protocol :
1 . Boronic acids (2eq.) are weighed manually into a conical microwave vial. 0.5mL DME is added with a multipipette.
2. A stock solution of (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2- b]pyridin-1 -yl]methanone (preparation described before, see Example I3) was prepared by mixing 242mg in 7.8mL DME.
3. A stock suspension of the X-Phos precatalyst Buchwald 2d Generation (0.1 eq.) is done by mixing 48mg in 6mL. 0.3mL of solution 2 was added into vials, followed by 0.3mL water, 40uL of a solution of sodium carbonate (2 M) and 0.2 imL of solution 3. The vials were flushed with argon and capped. Then the vials were heat in a microwave oven at 100°C for 7m in. The solvents were evaporated and a mixture of water and ethyl acetate were added to the vial. The aqueous phase was extracted 3xwith ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried on magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by reverse phase preparative system.
LC-MS condition for analytic: ACQUITY SQD Mass Spectrometer from Waters (Single quadrupole mass spectrometer), lonisation method: Electrospray, Polarity: positive ions, Capillary (kV) 3.00, Cone (V) 20.00, Extractor (V) 3.00, Source Temperature (°C) 150, Desolvation Temperature (°C) 400, Cone Gas Flow (L/Hr) 60, Desolvation Gas Flow (L/Hr) 700, Mass range: 100 to 800 Da, DAD Wavelength range (nm): 210 to 400, Method Waters ACQUITY UPLC with the following HPLC gradient conditions Solvent A: Water/Methanol 9:1 ,0.1 % formb acid and Solvent B: Acetonitrile,0.1 % formb acid )
Time (minutes) A (%) B (%) Flow rate (ml/m in)
0 100 0 0.75
2.5 0 100 0.75
2.8 0 100 0.75
3.0 100 0 0.75
Type of column: Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3; Column length: 30 mm; Internal diameter of column: 2.1 mm; Particle Size: 1 .8 micron; Temperature: 60°C.
Figure imgf000061_0001
Figure imgf000062_0001
Example P5: Preparation of compound [5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)- 2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-1 -yllmethanone A54
Figure imgf000062_0002
A solution of (5-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1 - yl]methanone (preparation described before, see Example I3, 0.25 g, 0.5384 mmol) in a mixture of water (3 imL) and toluene (3 imL) was added potassium phosphate tribasic (0.7070 g, 0.2757 imL) , , (4- chlorophenyl)boronic acid (0.319 g, 1 .94 mmol) in a vial. The vial was flushed with argon and
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.062 g, 0.054 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted two times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with brine (2 times) and dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate / cyclohexane to yield the title compound (0.114 g). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ ppm 1 .18 (t, 3H), 3.38 (t, 2H), 3.59(q, 2 H), 4.10 (t, 2H), 7.63-7.52 (m, 4H), 8.51 (d, 1 H), 8.54 (s, 1 H), 8.58 (s, 1 H), 8.66 (d, 1 H), 9.05 (s, 1 H).
Example P6: Preparation of compound [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl1-2-pyridyl1-[4-oxido-6-
(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-4-ium-1 -yllmethanone A55:
Figure imgf000063_0001
To a solution of [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-pyridyl]-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3- dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1 -yl]methanone (A52, 0.26 g, 0.49 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 ml) at 0-5°C was added meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (1 17 mg, mCPBA, -75%, 0.51 mmol). The white suspension was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 hours, then poured on a solution of sodium thiosulfate and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with an aqueous 1 M NaOH solution, then dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by Combi flash chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate in cyclohexane) to afford the title compound A55 (0.168mg). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ ppm 1 .28 (t, 3H), 3.44 (t, 2H), 3.58 (q, 2H) , 4.14 (t, 2H), 7.72 (t, 1 H), 7.82(d, 1 H), 7.88 (d, 1 H), 7.92 (s, 1 H), 8.26(s, 1 H), 8.32 (s, 1 H), 8.54 (d, 1 H), 9.10 (d, 1 H).
Example P7: Preparation of compound (3-ethylsulfonyl-5-pyrimidin-2-yl-2-pyridyl)-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3- dihvdropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-1 -yllmethanone A53
Figure imgf000063_0002
A solution of [3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2-pyridyl]-[6-(trifluoromethyl)- 2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1 -yl]methanone (preparation described before, see Example I4, 0.322 g, 0.629 mmol) in in iso-propyl alcohol (18.870 ml_)was added 2-bromopyrimidine (0.1 g, 0.629 mmol) , sodium hydrogen carbonate (4.074 g, 1 .89 imL, 1 .89 mmol) in a vial. The vial was flushed with argon and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.0223 g, 0.0189 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 100°C for 4h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted two times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with brine (2 times) and dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate / cyclohexane to yield, after final purification on HPLC, the title compound (0.058 g). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ ppm 1 .40 (t, 3 H), 3.38 (t, 2 H) ,3.59 (q, 2H), 4.09 (t, 2H), 7.39 (t, 1 H), 8.54 (s, 1 H), 8.67 (s, 1 H), 8.91 (s, 1 H), 8.92 (s, 1 H), 9.39 (d, 1 H), 9.89 (d, 1 H) Example P8: Preparation of compound: [2-ethylsulfonyl-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yllphenyl1-[6- (trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-blpyridin-1 -yllmethanone A61 :
Figure imgf000064_0001
To a suspension of 2-ethylsulfonyl-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1 -yl]benzoic acid (133 mg, 0.382 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 ml) was added one drop of Ν,Ν-dimethylformamide, followed by oxalyl chloride (2.5 equiv., 0.051 mL). After the end of gas evolution, the reaction mixture was stirred 1 hour at RT and concentrated on vacuum. The residue formed was redissolved in 6 ml of THF.
To a solution of 6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1 H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine (60 mg, 0.318 mmol) in ethyl acetate (5 ml) was added N,N-diethylethanamine (2.5 equiv., 0.081 mL) then the resulting solution was cooled with an ice bath, before slow addition of the previous acyl chloride solution. The resulting mixture was stirred 1 hour at room temperature. The solution was neutralized by addition of a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and the product was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic solution was dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure. After purification with a column chromatography over silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate / cyclohexane, [2-ethylsulfonyl-4-[3- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-l -yl]phenyl]-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-1 -yl]methanone (29 mg, 0.165 mmol) was obtained. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ ppm 1 .36 (t, 3 H) 3.40 (m, 4 H) 3.92 (m, 2 H) 6.84 (d, 1 H) 7.66 (d, 1 H) 8.14 (d, 1 H) 8.25 (dd, 1 H) 8.36 (d, 1 H) 8.54 (s, 1 H) 8.65 (d, 1 H)
LC-MS (Method A): RT 1 .09 (519, M+H).
Table P: Examples and analytic data of compounds of formula (I)
Entry
Compound Analytic data
No.
Ret. Time (M+H)+
Method (min) Measured
A1
1.13 488 1 (1.006)
f X>
Figure imgf000065_0001
Figure imgf000066_0001
Entry
Compound Analytic data
No.
A13 See experimental section: example P3
Figure imgf000067_0001
A14 See experimental section: example P3
A15 See experimental section: example P3
A16 See experimental section: example P3
A17 See experimental section: example P3
A18 See experimental section: example P3
Figure imgf000067_0002
Entry
Compound Analytic data
No.
A19 See experimental section: example P3
Figure imgf000068_0001
A20 See experimental section: example P3
A21 See experimental section: example P3
Figure imgf000068_0002
A22 See experimental section: example P3
A23 See experimental section: example P3
A24 See experimental section: example P3
Figure imgf000068_0003
Figure imgf000069_0001
Entry
Compound Analytic data
No.
A31 See experimental section: example P4
A32 See experimental section: example P4
A33 See experimental section: example P4
A34 See experimental section: example P4
Figure imgf000070_0001
A35 See experimental section: example P4
A36 Xx See experimental section: example P4 Entry
Compound Analytic data
No.
A37 See experimental section: example P4
A38 See experimental section: example P4
A39 See experimental section: example P4
A40 See experimental section: example P4
A41 See experimental section: example P4
A42 See experimental section: example P4 Entry
Compound Analytic data
No.
A43 See experimental section: example P4
A44 See experimental section: example P4
Figure imgf000072_0001
A45 See experimental section: example P4
A46 See experimental section: example P4
A47 See experimental section: example P4
F
Prepared using the intermediate I5 and a similar protocol as described in Example
A48 P1 . LC-MS (method 1 ) RT 1 .26, 497
(MH+).
F
Figure imgf000073_0001
Figure imgf000074_0001
Figure imgf000075_0001
The activity of the compositions according to the invention can be broadened considerably, and adapted to prevailing circumstances, by adding other insecticidally, acaricidally and/or fungicidally active ingredients. The mixtures of the compounds of formula I with other insecticidally, acaricidally and/or fungicidally active ingredients may also have further surprising advantages which can also be described, in a wider sense, as synergistic activity. For example, better tolerance by plants, reduced phytotoxicity, insects can be controlled in their different development stages or better behaviour during their production, for example during grinding or mixing, during their storage or during their use.
Suitable additions to active ingredients here are, for example, representatives of the following classes of active ingredients: organophosphorus compounds, nitrophenol derivatives, thioureas, juvenile hormones, formamidines, benzophenone derivatives, ureas, pyrrole derivatives, carbamates, pyrethroids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, acylureas, pyridylmethyleneamino derivatives, macrolides, neonicotinoids and Bacillus thuringiensis preparations. The following mixtures of the compounds of formula I with active ingredients are preferred (the abbreviation "TX" means "one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds described in Tables 1 to 3 and P of the present invention"):
an adjuvant selected from the group of substances consisting of petroleum oils (628) + TX,
an acaricide selected from the group of substances consisting of 1 ,1 -bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-ethoxyethanol (lUPAC name) (910) + TX, 2,4-dichlorophenyl benzenesulfonate (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1059) + TX, 2-fluoro- V-methyl- V-1 -naphthylacetamide (lUPAC name) (1295) + TX, 4-chlorophenyl phenyl sulfone (lUPAC name) (981 ) + TX, abamectin (1 ) + TX, acequinocyl (3) + TX, acetoprole [CCN] + TX, acrinathrin (9) + TX, aldicarb (16) + TX, aldoxycarb (863) + TX, alpha-cypermethrin (202) + TX, amidithion (870) + TX, amidoflumet [CCN] + TX, amidothioate (872) + TX, amiton (875) + TX, amiton hydrogen oxalate (875) + TX, amitraz (24) + TX, aramite (881 ) + TX, arsenous oxide (882) + TX, AVI 382 (compound code) + TX, AZ 60541 (compound code) + TX, azinphos-ethyl (44) + TX, azinphos- methyl (45) + TX, azobenzene (lUPAC name) (888) + TX, azocyclotin (46) + TX, azothoate (889) + TX, benomyl (62) + TX, benoxafos [CCN] + TX, benzoximate (71 ) + TX, benzyl benzoate (lUPAC name) [CCN] + TX, bifenazate (74) + TX, bifenthrin (76) + TX, binapacryl (907) + TX, brofenvalerate + TX, bromocyclen (918) + TX, bromophos (920) + TX, bromophos-ethyl (921 ) + TX, bromopropylate (94) + TX, buprofezin (99) + TX, butocarboxim (103) + TX, butoxycarboxim (104) + TX, butylpyridaben + TX, calcium polysulfide (lUPAC name) (11 1 ) + TX, camphechlor (941 ) + TX, carbanolate (943) + TX, carbaryl (1 15) + TX, carbofuran (118) + TX, carbophenothion (947) + TX, CGA 50'439 (development code) (125) + TX, chinomethionat (126) + TX, chlorbenside (959) + TX, chlordimeform (964) + TX, chlordimeform hydrochloride (964) + TX, chlorfenapyr (130) + TX, chlorfenethol (968) + TX, chlorfenson (970) + TX, chlorfensulfide (971 ) + TX, chlorfenvinphos (131 ) + TX, chlorobenzilate (975) + TX, chloromebuform (977) + TX, chloromethiuron (978) + TX, chloropropylate (983) + TX, chlorpyrifos (145) + TX, chlorpyrifos-methyl (146) + TX, chlorthiophos (994) + TX, cinerin I (696) + TX, cinerin II (696) + TX, cinerins (696) + TX, clofentezine (158) + TX, closantel [CCN] + TX, coumaphos (174) + TX, crotamiton [CCN] + TX, crotoxyphos (1010) + TX, cufraneb (1013) + TX, cyanthoate (1020) + TX, cyflumetofen (CAS Reg. No.: 400882-07-7) + TX, cyhalothrin (196) + TX, cyhexatin (199) + TX, cypermethrin (201 ) + TX, DCPM (1032) + TX, DDT (219) + TX, demephion (1037) + TX, demephion-O (1037) + TX, demephion-S (1037) + TX, demeton (1038) + TX, demeton-methyl (224) + TX, demeton- O (1038) + TX, demeton-O-methyl (224) + TX, demeton-S (1038) + TX, demeton-S-methyl (224) + TX, demeton-S-methylsulfon (1039) + TX, diafenthiuron (226) + TX, dialifos (1042) + TX, diazinon (227) + TX, dichlofluanid (230) + TX, dichlorvos (236) + TX, dicliphos + TX, dicofol (242) + TX, dicrotophos (243) + TX, dienochlor (1071 ) + TX, dimefox (1081 ) + TX, dimethoate (262) + TX, dinactin (653) + TX, dinex (1089) + TX, dinex-diclexine (1089) + TX, dinobuton (269) + TX, dinocap (270) + TX, dinocap-4 [CCN] + TX, dinocap-6 [CCN] + TX, dinocton (1090) + TX, dinopenton (1092) + TX, dinosulfon (1097) + TX, dinoterbon (1098) + TX, dioxathion (1102) + TX, diphenyl sulfone (lUPAC name) (1103) + TX, disulfiram [CCN] + TX, disulfoton (278) + TX, DNOC (282) + TX, dofenapyn (1 113) + TX, doramectin [CCN] + TX, endosulfan (294) + TX, endothion (1121 ) + TX, EPN (297) + TX, eprinomectin [CCN] + TX, ethion (309) + TX, ethoate-methyl (1134) + TX, etoxazole (320) + TX, etrimfos (1142) + TX, fenazaflor (1147) + TX, fenazaquin (328) + TX, fenbutatin oxide (330) + TX, fenothiocarb (337) + TX, fenpropathrin (342) + TX, fenpyrad + TX, fenpyroximate (345) + TX, fenson (1 157) + TX, fentrifanil (1161 ) + TX, fenvalerate (349) + TX, fipronil (354) + TX, fluacrypyrim (360) + TX, fluazuron (1166) + TX, flubenzimine (1 167) + TX, flucycloxuron (366) + TX, flucythrinate (367) + TX, fluenetil (1169) + TX, flufenoxuron (370) + TX, flumethrin (372) + TX, fluorbenside (1174) + TX, fluvalinate (1184) + TX, FMC 1137 (development code) (1 185) + TX, formetanate (405) + TX, formetanate hydrochloride (405) + TX, formothion (1192) + TX, formparanate (1193) + TX, gamma-HCH (430) + TX, glyodin (1205) + TX, halfenprox (424) + TX, heptenophos (432) + TX, hexadecyl cyclopropanecarboxylate (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1216) + TX, hexythiazox (441 ) + TX, iodomethane (lUPAC name) (542) + TX, isocarbophos (473) + TX, isopropyl 0-(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl)salicylate (lUPAC name) (473) + TX, ivermectin [CCN] + TX, jasmolin I (696) + TX, jasmolin II (696) + TX, jodfenphos (1248) + TX, lindane (430) + TX, lufenuron (490) + TX, malathion (492) + TX, malonoben (1254) + TX, mecarbam (502) + TX, mephosfolan (1261 ) + TX, mesulfen [CCN] + TX, methacrifos (1266) + TX,
methamidophos (527) + TX, methidathion (529) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, methomyl (531 ) + TX, methyl bromide (537) + TX, metolcarb (550) + TX, mevinphos (556) + TX, mexacarbate (1290) + TX, milbemectin (557) + TX, milbemycin oxime [CCN] + TX, mipafox (1293) + TX, monocrotophos (561 ) + TX, morphothion (1300) + TX, moxidectin [CCN] + TX, naled (567) + TX, NC-184 (compound code) + TX, NC-512 (compound code) + TX, nifluridide (1309) + TX, nikkomycins [CCN] + TX, nitrilacarb (1313) + TX, nitrilacarb 1 :1 zinc chloride complex (1313) + TX, NN 1-0101 (compound code) + TX, NN I- 0250 (compound code) + TX, omethoate (594) + TX, oxamyl (602) + TX, oxydeprofos (1324) + TX, oxydisulfoton (1325) + TX, pp'-DDT (219) + TX, parathion (615) + TX, permethrin (626) + TX, petroleum oils (628) + TX, phenkapton (1330) + TX, phenthoate (631 ) + TX, phorate (636) + TX, phosalone (637) + TX, phosfolan (1338) + TX, phosmet (638) + TX, phosphamidon (639) + TX, phoxim (642) + TX, pirimiphos-methyl (652) + TX, polychloroterpenes (traditional name) (1347) + TX, polynactins (653) + TX, proclonol (1350) + TX, profenofos (662) + TX, promacyl (1354) + TX, propargite (671 ) + TX, propetamphos (673) + TX, propoxur (678) + TX, prothidathion (1360) + TX, prothoate (1362) + TX, pyrethrin I (696) + TX, pyrethrin II (696) + TX, pyrethrins (696) + TX, pyridaben (699) + TX, pyridaphenthion (701 ) + TX, pyrimidifen (706) + TX, pyrimitate (1370) + TX, quinalphos (71 1 ) + TX, quintiofos (1381 ) + TX, R-1492 (development code) (1382) + TX, RA-17 (development code) (1383) + TX, rotenone (722) + TX, schradan (1389) + TX, sebufos + TX, selamectin [CCN] + TX, SI-0009 (compound code) + TX, sophamide (1402) + TX, spirodiclofen (738) + TX, spiromesifen (739) + TX, SSI-121 (development code) (1404) + TX, sulfiram [CCN] + TX, sulfluramid (750) + TX, sulfotep (753) + TX, sulfur (754) + TX, SZI-121 (development code) (757) + TX, tau-fluvalinate (398) + TX, tebufenpyrad (763) + TX, TEPP (1417) + TX, terbam + TX, tetrachlorvinphos (777) + TX, tetrad ifon (786) + TX, tetranactin (653) + TX, tetrasul (1425) + TX, thiafenox + TX, thiocarboxime (1431 ) + TX, thiofanox (800) + TX, thiometon (801 ) + TX, thioquinox (1436) + TX, thuringiensin [CCN] + TX, triamiphos (1441 ) + TX, triarathene (1443) + TX, triazophos (820) + TX, triazuron + TX, trichlorfon (824) + TX, trifenofos (1455) + TX, trinactin (653) + TX, vamidothion (847) + TX, vaniliprole [CCN] and YI-5302 (compound code) + TX,
an algicide selected from the group of substances consisting of bethoxazin [CCN] + TX, copper dioctanoate (lUPAC name) (170) + TX, copper sulfate (172) + TX, cybutryne [CCN] + TX, dichlone (1052) + TX, dichlorophen (232) + TX, endothal (295) + TX, fentin (347) + TX, hydrated lime [CCN] + TX, nabam (566) + TX, quinoclamine (714) + TX, quinonamid (1379) + TX, simazine (730) + TX, triphenyltin acetate (lUPAC name) (347) and triphenyltin hydroxide (lUPAC name) (347) + TX, an anthelmintic selected from the group of substances consisting of abamectin (1 ) + TX, crufomate (101 1 ) + TX, doramectin [CCN] + TX, emamectin (291 ) + TX, emamectin benzoate (291 ) + TX, eprinomectin [CCN] + TX, ivermectin [CCN] + TX, milbemycin oxime [CCN] + TX, moxidectin [CCN] + TX, piperazine [CCN] + TX, selamectin [CCN] + TX, spinosad (737) and thiophanate (1435) + TX, an avicide selected from the group of substances consisting of chloralose (127) + TX, endrin (1 122) + TX, fenthion (346) + TX, pyridin-4-amine (lUPAC name) (23) and strychnine (745) + TX,
a bactericide selected from the group of substances consisting of 1 -hydroxy-1 - -pyridine-2-thione (lUPAC name) (1222) + TX, 4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide (lUPAC name) (748) + TX, 8- hydroxyquinoline sulfate (446) + TX, bronopol (97) + TX, copper dioctanoate (lUPAC name) (170) + TX, copper hydroxide (lUPAC name) (169) + TX, cresol [CCN] + TX, dichlorophen (232) + TX, dipyrithione (1105) + TX, dodicin (11 12) + TX, fenaminosulf (1144) + TX, formaldehyde (404) + TX, hydrargaphen [CCN] + TX, kasugamycin (483) + TX, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate (483) + TX, nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate) (lUPAC name) (1308) + TX, nitrapyrin (580) + TX, octhilinone (590) + TX, oxolinic acid (606) + TX, oxytetracycline (611 ) + TX, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate (446) + TX, probenazole (658) + TX, streptomycin (744) + TX, streptomycin sesquisulfate (744) + TX, tecloftalam (766) + TX, and thiomersal [CCN] + TX,
a biological agent selected from the group of substances consisting of Adoxophyes orana GV (12) + TX, Agrobacterium radiobacter (13) + TX, Amblyseius spp. (19) + TX, Anagrapha falcifera NPV (28) + TX, Anagrus atomus (29) + TX, Aphelinus abdominalis (33) + TX, Aphidius colemani (34) + TX,
Aphidoletes aphidimyza (35) + TX, Autographa californica NPV (38) + TX, Bacillus firmus (48) + TX, Bacillus sphaericus Neide (scientific name) (49) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (scientific name) (51 ) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai (scientific name) (51 ) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (scientific name) (51 ) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. japonensis (scientific name) (51 ) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (scientific name) (51 ) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis (scientific name) (51 ) + TX, Beauveria bassiana (53) + TX, Beauveria brongniartii (54) + TX, Chrysoperla carnea (151 ) + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (178) + TX, Cydia pomonella GV (191 ) + TX, Dacnusa sibirica (212) + TX, Diglyphus isaea (254) + TX, Encarsia formosa (scientific name) (293) + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (300) + TX, Helicoverpa zea NPV (431 ) + TX,
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and H. megidis (433) + TX, Hippodamia convergens (442) + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii (488) + TX, Macrolophus caliginosus (491 ) + TX, Mamestra brassicae NPV (494) + TX, Metaphycus helvolus (522) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum (scientific name) (523) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (scientific name) (523) + TX, Neodiprion sertifer NPV and N. lecontei NPV (575) + TX, Orius spp. (596) + TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (613) + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis (644) + TX, Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (scientific name) (741 ) + TX, Steinernema bibionis (742) + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae (742) + TX,
Steinernema feltiae (742) + TX, Steinernema glaseri (742) + TX, Steinernema riobrave (742) + TX, Steinernema riobravis (742) + TX, Steinernema scapterisci (742) + TX, Steinernema spp. (742) + TX, Trichogramma spp. (826) + TX, Typhlodromus occidentalis (844) and Verticillium lecanii (848) + TX, a soil sterilant selected from the group of substances consisting of iodomethane (lUPAC name) (542) and methyl bromide (537) + TX, a chemosterilant selected from the group of substances consisting of apholate [CCN] + TX, bisazir
[CCN] + TX, busulfan [CCN] + TX, diflubenzuron (250) + TX, dimatif [CCN] + TX, hemel [CCN] + TX, hempa [CCN] + TX, metepa [CCN] + TX, methiotepa [CCN] + TX, methyl apholate [CCN] + TX, morzid [CCN] + TX, penfluron [CCN] + TX, tepa [CCN] + TX, thiohempa [CCN] + TX, thiotepa [CCN] + TX, tretamine [CCN] and uredepa [CCN] + TX,
an insect pheromone selected from the group of substances consisting of (£)-dec-5-en-1-yl acetate with (£)-dec-5-en-1 -ol (lUPAC name) (222) + TX, (£)-tridec-4-en-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (829) + TX, (£)- 6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol (lUPAC name) (541 ) + TX, (£,Z)-tetradeca-4,10-dien-1-yl acetate (lUPAC name) (779) + TX, (Z)-dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate (lUPAC name) (285) + TX, (Z)-hexadec-l 1 -enal (lUPAC name) (436) + TX, (Z)-hexadec-l 1 -en-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (437) + TX, (Z)-hexadec-13-en-11 -yn-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (438) + TX, (Z)-icos-13-en-10-one (lUPAC name) (448) + TX, (Z)-tetradec-7-en- 1 -al (lUPAC name) (782) + TX, fZ)-tetradec-9-en-1 -ol (lUPAC name) (783) + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (784) + TX, (7£,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dien-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (283) + TX, (9Z,11 £)-tetradeca-9,1 1-dien-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (780) + TX, (9Z,12£)-tetradeca-9,12-dien-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (781 ) + TX, 14-methyloctadec-1 -ene (lUPAC name) (545) + TX, 4-methylnonan- 5-ol with 4-methylnonan-5-one (lUPAC name) (544) + TX, alpha-multistriatin [CCN] + TX, brevicomin [CCN] + TX, codlelure [CCN] + TX, codlemone (167) + TX, cuelure (179) + TX, disparlure (277) + TX, dodec-8-en-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (286) + TX, dodec-9-en-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (287) + TX, dodeca-8 + TX, 10-d ien-1-yl acetate (lUPAC name) (284) + TX, dominicalure [CCN] + TX, ethyl 4- methyloctanoate (lUPAC name) (317) + TX, eugenol [CCN] + TX, frontalin [CCN] + TX, gossyplure (420) + TX, grandlure (421 ) + TX, grandlure I (421 ) + TX, grandlure II (421 ) + TX, grandlure III (421 ) + TX, grandlure IV (421 ) + TX, hexalure [CCN] + TX, ipsdienol [CCN] + TX, ipsenol [CCN] + TX, japonilure (481 ) + TX, lineatin [CCN] + TX, litlure [CCN] + TX, looplure [CCN] + TX, medlure [CCN] + TX, megatomoic acid [CCN] + TX, methyl eugenol (540) + TX, muscalure (563) + TX, octadeca-2,13- dien-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (588) + TX, octadeca-3,13-dien-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (589) + TX, orfralure [CCN] + TX, oryctalure (317) + TX, ostramone [CCN] + TX, siglure [CCN] + TX, sordidin (736) + TX, sulcatol [CCN] + TX, tetradec-11 -en-1 -yl acetate (lUPAC name) (785) + TX, trimedlure (839) + TX, trimedlure A (839) + TX, trimedlure B-i (839) + TX, trimedlure B2 (839) + TX, trimedlure C (839) and trunc-call [CCN] + TX,
an insect repellent selected from the group of substances consisting of 2-(octylthio)ethanol (lUPAC name) (591 ) + TX, butopyronoxyl (933) + TX, butoxy(polypropylene glycol) (936) + TX, dibutyl adipate (lUPAC name) (1046) + TX, dibutyl phthalate (1047) + TX, dibutyl succinate (lUPAC name) (1048) + TX, diethyltoluamide [CCN] + TX, dimethyl carbate [CCN] + TX, dimethyl phthalate [CCN] + TX, ethyl hexanediol (1 137) + TX, hexamide [CCN] + TX, methoquin-butyl (1276) + TX, methylneodecanamide [CCN] + TX, oxamate [CCN] and picaridin [CCN] + TX,
an insecticide selected from the group of substances consisting of 1 -dichloro-1 -nitroethane
(lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1058) + TX, 1 ,1 -dichloro-2,2-bis(4-ethylphenyl)ethane (lUPAC name) (1056), + TX, 1 ,2-dichloropropane (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1062) + TX, 1 ,2-dichloropropane with 1 ,3-dichloropropene (lUPAC name) (1063) + TX, 1 -bromo-2-chloroethane (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (916) + TX, 2,2,2-trichloro-1 -(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl acetate (lUPAC name) (1451 ) + TX, 2,2-dichlorovinyl 2-ethylsulfinylethyl methyl phosphate (lUPAC name) (1066) + TX, 2-(1 ,3-dithiolan-2- yl)phenyl dimethylcarbamate (lUPAC/ Chemical Abstracts name) (1109) + TX, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl thiocyanate (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (935) + TX, 2-(4,5-dimethyl-1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)phenyl methylcarbamate (lUPAC/ Chemical Abstracts name) (1084) + TX, 2-(4-chloro-3,5-xylyloxy)ethanol (lUPAC name) (986) + TX, 2-chlorovinyl diethyl phosphate (lUPAC name) (984) + TX, 2-imidazolidone (lUPAC name) (1225) + TX, 2-isovalerylindan-1 ,3-dione (lUPAC name) (1246) + TX, 2-methyl(prop-2- ynyl)aminophenyl methylcarbamate (lUPAC name) (1284) + TX, 2-thiocyanatoethyl laurate (lUPAC name) (1433) + TX, 3-bromo-1 -chloroprop-1 -ene (lUPAC name) (917) + TX, 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazol- 5-yl dimethylcarbamate (lUPAC name) (1283) + TX, 4-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)amino-3,5-xylyl
methylcarbamate (lUPAC name) (1285) + TX, 5,5-dimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1 -enyl dimethylcarbamate (lUPAC name) (1085) + TX, abamectin (1 ) + TX, acephate (2) + TX, acetamiprid (4) + TX, acethion [CCN] + TX, acetoprole [CCN] + TX, acrinathrin (9) + TX, acrylonitrile (lUPAC name) (861 ) + TX, alanycarb (15) + TX, aldicarb (16) + TX, aldoxycarb (863) + TX, aldrin (864) + TX, allethrin (17) + TX, allosamidin [CCN] + TX, allyxycarb (866) + TX, alpha-cypermethrin (202) + TX, alpha-ecdysone [CCN] + TX, aluminium phosphide (640) + TX, amidithion (870) + TX, amidothioate (872) + TX, aminocarb (873) + TX, amiton (875) + TX, am iton hydrogen oxalate (875) + TX, amitraz (24) + TX, anabasine (877) + TX, athidathion (883) + TX, AVI 382 (compound code) + TX, AZ 60541 (compound code) + TX, azadirachtin (41 ) + TX, azamethiphos (42) + TX, azinphos-ethyl (44) + TX, azinphos-methyl (45) + TX, azothoate (889) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis delta endotoxins (52) + TX, barium hexafluorosilicate
[CCN] + TX, barium polysulfide (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (892) + TX, barthrin [CCN] + TX, Bayer 22/190 (development code) (893) + TX, Bayer 22408 (development code) (894) + TX, bendiocarb (58) + TX, benfuracarb (60) + TX, bensultap (66) + TX, beta-cyfluthrin (194) + TX, beta-cypermethrin (203) + TX, bifenthrin (76) + TX, bioallethrin (78) + TX, bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl isomer (79) + TX, bioethanomethrin [CCN] + TX, biopermethrin (908) + TX, bioresmethrin (80) + TX, bis(2-chloroethyl) ether (lUPAC name) (909) + TX, bistrifluron (83) + TX, borax (86) + TX, brofenvalerate + TX, bromfenvinfos (914) + TX, bromocyclen (918) + TX, bromo-DDT [CCN] + TX, bromophos (920) + TX, bromophos-ethyl (921 ) + TX, bufencarb (924) + TX, buprofezin (99) + TX, butacarb (926) + TX, butathiofos (927) + TX, butocarboxim (103) + TX, butonate (932) + TX, butoxycarboxim (104) + TX, butylpyridaben + TX, cadusafos (109) + TX, calcium arsenate [CCN] + TX, calcium cyanide (444) + TX, calcium polysulfide (lUPAC name) (11 1 ) + TX, camphechlor (941 ) + TX, carbanolate (943) + TX, carbaryl (1 15) + TX, carbofuran (118) + TX, carbon disulfide (lUPAC/Chembal Abstracts name) (945) + TX, carbon tetrachloride (lUPAC name) (946) + TX, carbophenothion (947) + TX, carbosulfan (119) + TX, cartap (123) + TX, cartap hydrochloride (123) + TX, cevadine (725) + TX, chlorbicyclen (960) + TX, chlordane (128) + TX, chlordecone (963) + TX, chlordimeform (964) + TX, chlordimeform hydrochloride (964) + TX, chlorethoxyfos (129) + TX, chlorfenapyr (130) + TX, chlorfenvinphos (131 ) + TX, chlorfluazuron (132) + TX, chlormephos (136) + TX, chloroform [CCN] + TX, chloropicrin (141 ) + TX, chlorphoxim (989) + TX, chlorprazophos (990) + TX, chlorpyrifos (145) + TX, chlorpyrifos-methyl (146) + TX, chlorthiophos (994) + TX, chromafenozide (150) + TX, cinerin I (696) + TX, cinerin II (696) + TX, cinerins (696) + TX, cis-resmethrin + TX, cismethrin (80) + TX, clocythrin + TX, cloethocarb (999) + TX, closantel [CCN] + TX, clothianidin (165) + TX, copper acetoarsenite [CCN] + TX, copper arsenate [CCN] + TX, copper oleate [CCN] + TX, coumaphos (174) + TX, coumithoate (1006) + TX, crotamiton [CCN] + TX, crotoxyphos (1010) + TX, crufomate (101 1 ) + TX, cryolite (177) + TX, CS 708 (development code) (1012) + TX, cyanofenphos (1019) + TX, cyanophos (184) + TX, cyanthoate (1020) + TX, cyclethrin [CCN] + TX, cycloprothrin (188) + TX, cyfluthrin (193) + TX, cyhalothrin (196) + TX, cypermethrin (201 ) + TX, cyphenothrin (206) + TX, cyromazine (209) + TX, cythioate [CCN] + TX, d- limonene [CCN] + TX, d-tetramethrin (788) + TX, DAEP (1031 ) + TX, dazomet (216) + TX, DDT (219) + TX, decarbofuran (1034) + TX, deltamethrin (223) + TX, demephion (1037) + TX, demephion-O (1037) + TX, demephion-S (1037) + TX, demeton (1038) + TX, demeton-methyl (224) + TX, demeton- O (1038) + TX, demeton-O-methyl (224) + TX, demeton-S (1038) + TX, demeton-S-methyl (224) + TX, demeton-S-methylsulphon (1039) + TX, diafenthiuron (226) + TX, dialifos (1042) + TX, diamidafos (1044) + TX, diazinon (227) + TX, dicapthon (1050) + TX, dichlofenthion (1051 ) + TX, dichlorvos (236) + TX, dicliphos + TX, dicresyl [CCN] + TX, dicrotophos (243) + TX, dicyclanil (244) + TX, dieldrin (1070) + TX, diethyl 5-methylpyrazol-3-yl phosphate (lUPAC name) (1076) + TX, diflubenzuron (250) + TX, dilor [CCN] + TX, dimefluthrin [CCN] + TX, dimefox (1081 ) + TX, dimetan (1085) + TX, dimethoate (262) + TX, dimethrin (1083) + TX, dimethylvinphos (265) + TX, dimetilan (1086) + TX, dinex (1089) + TX, dinex-diclexine (1089) + TX, dinoprop (1093) + TX, dinosam (1094) + TX, dinoseb (1095) + TX, dinotefuran (271 ) + TX, diofenolan (1099) + TX, dioxabenzofos (1 100) + TX, dioxacarb (1101 ) + TX, dioxathion (1 102) + TX, disulfoton (278) + TX, dithicrofos (1 108) + TX, DNOC (282) + TX, doramectin [CCN] + TX, DSP (1 115) + TX, ecdysterone [CCN] + TX, El 1642 (development code) (1 118) + TX, emamectin (291 ) + TX, emamectin benzoate (291 ) + TX, EMPC (1 120) + TX, empenthrin (292) + TX, endosulfan (294) + TX, endothion (1 121 ) + TX, endrin (1122) + TX, EPBP (1 123) + TX, EPN (297) + TX, epofenonane (1124) + TX, eprinomectin [CCN] + TX, esfenvalerate (302) + TX, etaphos [CCN] + TX, ethiofencarb (308) + TX, ethion (309) + TX, ethiprole (310) + TX, ethoate-methyl (1134) + TX, ethoprophos (312) + TX, ethyl formate (lUPAC name) [CCN] + TX, ethyl-DDD (1056) + TX, ethylene dibromide (316) + TX, ethylene dichloride (chemical name) (1136) + TX, ethylene oxide [CCN] + TX, etofenprox (319) + TX, etrimfos (1 142) + TX, EXD (1143) + TX, famphur (323) + TX, fenamiphos (326) + TX, fenazaflor (1147) + TX, fenchlorphos (1148) + TX, fenethacarb (1149) + TX, fenfluthrin (1 150) + TX, fenitrothion (335) + TX, fenobucarb (336) + TX, fenoxacrim (1153) + TX, fenoxycarb (340) + TX, fenpirithrin (1 155) + TX, fenpropathrin (342) + TX, fenpyrad + TX, fensulfothion (1 158) + TX, fenthion (346) + TX, fenthion-ethyl [CCN] + TX, fenvalerate (349) + TX, fipronil (354) + TX, flonicamid (358) + TX, flubendiamide (CAS. Reg. No.: 272451 -65-7) + TX, flucofuron (1168) + TX, flucycloxuron (366) + TX, flucythrinate (367) + TX, fluenetil (1 169) + TX, flufenerim [CCN] + TX, flufenoxuron (370) + TX, flufenprox (1171 ) + TX, flumethrin (372) + TX, fluvalinate (1184) + TX, FMC 1 137 (development code) (1185) + TX, fonofos (1191 ) + TX, formetanate (405) + TX, formetanate hydrochloride (405) + TX, formothion (1192) + TX, formparanate (1193) + TX, fosmethilan (1194) + TX, fospirate (1195) + TX, fosthiazate (408) + TX, fosthietan (1 196) + TX, furathiocarb (412) + TX, furethrin (1200) + TX, gamma- cyhalothrin (197) + TX, gamma-HCH (430) + TX, guazatine (422) + TX, guazatine acetates (422) + TX, GY-81 (development code) (423) + TX, halfenprox (424) + TX, halofenozide (425) + TX, HCH (430) + TX, HEOD (1070) + TX, heptachlor (1211 ) + TX, heptenophos (432) + TX, heterophos [CCN] + TX, hexaflumuron (439) + TX, HHDN (864) + TX, hydramethylnon (443) + TX, hydrogen cyanide (444) + TX, hydroprene (445) + TX, hyquincarb (1223) + TX, imidacloprid (458) + TX, imiprothrin (460) + TX, indoxacarb (465) + TX, iodomethane (lUPAC name) (542) + TX, IPSP (1229) + TX, isazofos (1231 ) + TX, isobenzan (1232) + TX, isocarbophos (473) + TX, isodrin (1235) + TX, isofenphos (1236) + TX, isolane (1237) + TX, isoprocarb (472) + TX, isopropyl 0-(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl)salicylate
(lUPAC name) (473) + TX, isoprothiolane (474) + TX, isothioate (1244) + TX, isoxathion (480) + TX, ivermectin [CCN] + TX, jasmolin I (696) + TX, jasmolin II (696) + TX, jodfenphos (1248) + TX, juvenile hormone I [CCN] + TX, juvenile hormone II [CCN] + TX, juvenile hormone III [CCN] + TX, kelevan (1249) + TX, kinoprene (484) + TX, lambda-cyhalothrin (198) + TX, lead arsenate [CCN] + TX, lepimectin (CCN) + TX, leptophos (1250) + TX, lindane (430) + TX, lirimfos (1251 ) + TX, lufenuron (490) + TX, lythidathion (1253) + TX, m-cumenyl methylcarbamate (lUPAC name) (1014) + TX, magnesium phosphide (lUPAC name) (640) + TX, malathion (492) + TX, malonoben (1254) + TX, mazidox (1255) + TX, mecarbam (502) + TX, mecarphon (1258) + TX, menazon (1260) + TX, mephosfolan (1261 ) + TX, mercurous chloride (513) + TX, mesulfenfos (1263) + TX, metaflumizone (CCN) + TX, metam (519) + TX, metam-potassium (519) + TX, metam-sodium (519) + TX, methacrifos (1266) + TX, methamidophos (527) + TX, methanesulfonyl fluoride (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1268) + TX, methidathion (529) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, methocrotophos (1273) + TX, methomyl (531 ) + TX, methoprene (532) + TX, methoquin-butyl (1276) + TX, methothrin (533) + TX, methoxychlor (534) + TX, methoxyfenozide (535) + TX, methyl bromide (537) + TX, methyl isothiocyanate (543) + TX, methylchloroform [CCN] + TX, methylene chloride [CCN] + TX, metofluthrin [CCN] + TX, metolcarb (550) + TX, metoxadiazone (1288) + TX, mevinphos (556) + TX, mexacarbate (1290) + TX, milbemectin (557) + TX, milbemycin oxime [CCN] + TX, mipafox (1293) + TX, mirex (1294) + TX, monocrotophos (561 ) + TX, morphothion (1300) + TX, moxidectin [CCN] + TX, naftalofos [CCN] + TX, naled (567) + TX, naphthalene (lUPAC/Chembal Abstracts name) (1303) + TX, NC-170 (development code) (1306) + TX, NC-184 (compound code) + TX, nicotine (578) + TX, nicotine sulfate (578) + TX, nifluridide (1309) + TX, nitenpyram (579) + TX, nithiazine (1311 ) + TX, nitrilacarb (1313) + TX, nitrilacarb 1 :1 zinc chloride complex (1313) + TX, NNI-0101 (compound code) + TX, NNI-0250 (compound code) + TX, nomicotine (traditional name) (1319) + TX, novaluron (585) + TX, noviflumuron (586) + TX, 0-5-dichloro-4-iodophenyl O-ethyl ethylphosphonothioate (lUPAC name) (1057) + TX, Ο,Ο- diethyl 0-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl phosphorothioate (lUPAC name) (1074) + TX, 0,0-diethyl O- 6-methyl-2-propylpyrimidin-4-yl phosphorothioate (lUPAC name) (1075) + TX, Ο,Ο, Ο',Ο'-tetrapropyl dithiopyrophosphate (lUPAC name) (1424) + TX, oleic acid (lUPAC name) (593) + TX, omethoate (594) + TX, oxamyl (602) + TX, oxydemeton-methyl (609) + TX, oxydeprofos (1324) + TX, oxydisulfoton (1325) + TX, pp'-DDT (219) + TX, para-dichlorobenzene [CCN] + TX, parathion (615) + TX, parathion- methyl (616) + TX, penfluron [CCN] + TX, pentachlorophenol (623) + TX, pentachlorophenyl laurate (lUPAC name) (623) + TX, permethrin (626) + TX, petroleum oils (628) + TX, PH 60-38 (development code) (1328) + TX, phenkapton (1330) + TX, phenothrin (630) + TX, phenthoate (631 ) + TX, phorate (636) + TX, phosalone (637) + TX, phosfolan (1338) + TX, phosmet (638) + TX, phosnichlor (1339) + TX, phosphamidon (639) + TX, phosphine (lUPAC name) (640) + TX, phoxim (642) + TX, phoxim- methyl (1340) + TX, pirimetaphos (1344) + TX, pirimicarb (651 ) + TX, pirimiphos-ethyl (1345) + TX, pirimiphos-methyl (652) + TX, polychlorodicyclopentadiene isomers (lUPAC name) (1346) + TX, polychloroterpenes (traditional name) (1347) + TX, potassium arsenite [CCN] + TX, potassium thiocyanate [CCN] + TX, prallethrin (655) + TX, precocene I [CCN] + TX, precocene II [CCN] + TX, precocene lll [CCN] + TX, primidophos (1349) + TX, profenofos (662) + TX, profluthrin [CCN] + TX, promacyl (1354) + TX, promecarb (1355) + TX, propaphos (1356) + TX, propetamphos (673) + TX, propoxur (678) + TX, prothidathion (1360) + TX, prothiofos (686) + TX, prothoate (1362) + TX, protrifenbute [CCN] + TX, pymetrozine (688) + TX, pyraclofos (689) + TX, pyrazophos (693) + TX, pyresmethrin (1367) + TX, pyrethrin I (696) + TX, pyrethrin II (696) + TX, pyrethrins (696) + TX, pyridaben (699) + TX, pyridalyl (700) + TX, pyridaphenthion (701 ) + TX, pyrimidifen (706) + TX, pyrimitate (1370) + TX, pyriproxyfen (708) + TX, quassia [CCN] + TX, quinalphos (71 1 ) + TX, quinalphos-methyl (1376) + TX, quinothion (1380) + TX, quintiofos (1381 ) + TX, R-1492 (development code) (1382) + TX, rafoxanide [CCN] + TX, resmethrin (719) + TX, rotenone (722) + TX, RU 15525 (development code) (723) + TX, RU 25475 (development code) (1386) + TX, ryania (1387) + TX, ryanodine (traditional name) (1387) + TX, sabadilla (725) + TX, schradan (1389) + TX, sebufos + TX, selamectin [CCN] + TX, SI-0009 (compound code) + TX, SI-0205 (compound code) + TX, SI-0404 (compound code) + TX, SI-0405 (compound code) + TX, silafluofen (728) + TX, SN 72129
(development code) (1397) + TX, sodium arsenite [CCN] + TX, sodium cyanide (444) + TX, sodium fluoride (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1399) + TX, sodium hexafluorosilicate (1400) + TX, sodium pentachlorophenoxide (623) + TX, sodium selenate (lUPAC name) (1401 ) + TX, sodium thiocyanate [CCN] + TX, sophamide (1402) + TX, spinosad (737) + TX, spiromesifen (739) + TX, spirotetrmat (CCN) + TX, sulcofuron (746) + TX, sulcofuron-sodium (746) + TX, sulfluramid (750) + TX, sulfotep (753) + TX, sulfuryl fluoride (756) + TX, sulprofos (1408) + TX, tar oils (758) + TX, tau-fluvalinate (398) + TX, tazimcarb (1412) + TX, TDE (1414) + TX, tebufenozide (762) + TX, tebufenpyrad (763) + TX, tebupirimfos (764) + TX, teflubenzuron (768) + TX, tefluthrin (769) + TX, temephos (770) + TX, TEPP (1417) + TX, terallethrin (1418) + TX, terbam + TX, terbufos (773) + TX, tetrachloroethane [CCN] + TX, tetrachlorvinphos (777) + TX, tetramethrin (787) + TX, theta-cypermethrin (204) + TX, thiacloprid (791 ) + TX, thiafenox + TX, thiamethoxam (792) + TX, thicrofos (1428) + TX, thiocarboxime (1431 ) + TX, thiocyclam (798) + TX, thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate (798) + TX, thiodicarb (799) + TX, thiofanox (800) + TX, thiometon (801 ) + TX, thionazin (1434) + TX, thiosultap (803) + TX, thiosultap-sodium (803) + TX, thuringiensin [CCN] + TX, tolfenpyrad (809) + TX, tralomethrin (812) + TX, transfluthrin (813) + TX, transpermethrin (1440) + TX, triamiphos (1441 ) + TX, triazamate (818) + TX, triazophos (820) + TX, triazuron + TX, trichlorfon (824) + TX, trichlormetaphos-3 [CCN] + TX, trichloronat (1452) + TX, trifenofos (1455) + TX, triflumuron (835) + TX, trimethacarb (840) + TX, triprene (1459) + TX, vamidothion (847) + TX, vaniliprole [CCN] + TX, veratridine (725) + TX, veratrine (725) + TX, XMC (853) + TX, xylylcarb (854) + TX, YI-5302 (compound code) + TX, zeta-cypermethrin (205) + TX, zetamethrin + TX, zinc phosphide (640) + TX, zolaprofos (1469) and ZXI 8901 (development code) (858) + TX, cyantraniliprole [736994-63-19 + TX, chlorantraniliprole [500008-45-7] + TX, cyenopyrafen [560121-52-0] + TX, cyflumetofen [400882-07-7] + TX, pyrifluquinazon [337458-27-2] + TX, spinetoram [187166-40-1 + 187166-15-0] + TX, spirotetramat [203313-25-1 ] + TX, sulfoxaflor [946578-00-3] + TX, flufiprole [704886-18-0] + TX, meperfluthrin [915288-13-0] + TX, tetramethylfluthrin [84937-88-2] + TX, triflumezopyrim (disclosed in WO 2012/0921 15) + TX,
a molluscicide selected from the group of substances consisting of bis(tributyltin) oxide (lUPAC name) (913) + TX, bromoacetamide [CCN] + TX, calcium arsenate [CCN] + TX, cloethocarb (999) + TX, copper acetoarsenite [CCN] + TX, copper sulfate (172) + TX, fentin (347) + TX, ferric phosphate (lUPAC name) (352) + TX, metaldehyde (518) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, niclosamide (576) + TX, niclosamide-olamine (576) + TX, pentachlorophenol (623) + TX, sodium pentachlorophenoxide (623) + TX, tazimcarb (1412) + TX, thiodicarb (799) + TX, tributyltin oxide (913) + TX, trifenmorph (1454) + TX, trimethacarb (840) + TX, triphenyltin acetate (lUPAC name) (347) and triphenyltin hydroxide (lUPAC name) (347) + TX, pyriprole [394730-71 -3] + TX, fluxametamide (WO 2007/026965) + TX,
a nematicide selected from the group of substances consisting of AKD-3088 (compound code) + TX, 1 ,2- dibromo-3-chloropropane (lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1045) + TX, 1 ,2-dichloropropane (lUPAC/ Chemical Abstracts name) (1062) + TX, 1 ,2-dichloropropane with 1 ,3-dichloropropene (lUPAC name) (1063) + TX, 1 ,3-dichloropropene (233) + TX, 3,4-dichlorotetrahydrothiophene 1 ,1 -dioxide
(lUPAC/Chemical Abstracts name) (1065) + TX, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine (lUPAC name) (980) + TX, 5-methyl-6-thioxo-1 ,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-ylacetic acid (lUPAC name) (1286) + TX, 6- isopentenylaminopurine (210) + TX, abamectin (1 ) + TX, acetoprole [CCN] + TX, alanycarb (15) + TX, aldicarb (16) + TX, aldoxycarb (863) + TX, AZ 60541 (compound code) + TX, benclothiaz [CCN] + TX, benomyl (62) + TX, butylpyridaben + TX, cadusafos (109) + TX, carbofuran (1 18) + TX, carbon disulfide (945) + TX, carbosulfan (1 19) + TX, chloropicrin (141 ) + TX, chlorpyrifos (145) + TX, cloethocarb (999) + TX, cytokinins (210) + TX, dazomet (216) + TX, DBCP (1045) + TX, DCIP (218) + TX, diamidafos (1044) + TX, d ichlofenth ion (1051 ) + TX, dicliphos + TX, dimethoate (262) + TX, doramectin [CCN] + TX, emamectin (291 ) + TX, emamectin benzoate (291 ) + TX, eprinomectin [CCN] + TX, ethoprophos (312) + TX, ethylene dibromide (316) + TX, fenamiphos (326) + TX, fenpyrad + TX, fensulfothion (1 158) + TX, fosthiazate (408) + TX, fosthietan (1 196) + TX, furfural [CCN] + TX, GY-81 (development code) (423) + TX, heterophos [CCN] + TX, iodomethane (lUPAC name) (542) + TX, isamidofos (1230) + TX, isazofos (1231 ) + TX, ivermectin [CCN] + TX, kinetin (210) + TX, mecarphon (1258) + TX, metam (519) + TX, metam-potassium (519) + TX, metam-sodium (519) + TX, methyl bromide (537) + TX, methyl isothiocyanate (543) + TX, milbemycin oxime [CCN] + TX, moxidectin [CCN] + TX, Myrothecium verrucaha composition (565) + TX, NC-184 (compound code) + TX, oxamyl (602) + TX, phorate (636) + TX, phosphamidon (639) + TX, phosphocarb [CCN] + TX, sebufos + TX, selamectin [CCN] + TX, spinosad (737) + TX, terbam + TX, terbufos (773) + TX, tetrachlorothiophene (lUPAC/ Chemical Abstracts name) (1422) + TX, thiafenox + TX, thionazin (1434) + TX, triazophos (820) + TX, triazuron + TX, xylenols [CCN] + TX, YI-5302 (compound code) and zeatin (210) + TX, fluensulfone [318290-98-1 ] + TX,
a nitrification inhibitor selected from the group of substances consisting of potassium ethylxanthate [CCN] and nitrapyrin (580) + TX,
a plant activator selected from the group of substances consisting of acibenzolar (6) + TX, acibenzolar-S- methyl (6) + TX, probenazole (658) and Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (720) + TX,
a rodenticide selected from the group of substances consisting of 2-isovalerylindan-1 ,3-dione (lUPAC name) (1246) + TX, 4-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide (lUPAC name) (748) + TX, alpha- chlorohydrin [CCN] + TX, aluminium phosphide (640) + TX, antu (880) + TX, arsenous oxide (882) + TX, barium carbonate (891 ) + TX, bisthiosemi (912) + TX, brodifacoum (89) + TX, bromadiolone (91 ) + TX, bromethalin (92) + TX, calcium cyanide (444) + TX, chloralose (127) + TX, chlorophacinone (140) + TX, cholecalciferol (850) + TX, coumachlor (1004) + TX, coumafuryl (1005) + TX, coumatetralyl
(175) + TX, crimidine (1009) + TX, difenacoum (246) + TX, difethialone (249) + TX, diphacinone (273) + TX, ergocalciferol (301 ) + TX, flocoumafen (357) + TX, fluoroacetamide (379) + TX, flupropadine (1183) + TX, flupropadine hydrochloride (1 183) + TX, gamma-HCH (430) + TX, HCH (430) + TX, hydrogen cyanide (444) + TX, iodomethane (lUPAC name) (542) + TX, lindane (430) + TX, magnesium phosphide (lUPAC name) (640) + TX, methyl bromide (537) + TX, norbormide (1318) + TX, phosacetim (1336) + TX, phosphine (lUPAC name) (640) + TX, phosphorus [CCN] + TX, pindone (1341 ) + TX, potassium arsenite [CCN] + TX, pyrinuron (1371 ) + TX, scilliroside (1390) + TX, sodium arsenite [CCN] + TX, sodium cyanide (444) + TX, sodium fluoroacetate (735) + TX, strychnine (745) + TX, thallium sulfate [CCN] + TX, warfarin (851 ) and zinc phosphide (640) + TX,
a synergist selected from the group of substances consisting of 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperonylate
(lUPAC name) (934) + TX, 5-(1 ,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohex-2-enone (lUPAC name) (903) + TX, farnesol with nerolidol (324) + TX, MB-599 (development code) (498) + TX, MGK 264 (development code) (296) + TX, piperonyl butoxide (649) + TX, piprotal (1343) + TX, propyl isomer (1358) + TX, S421 (development code) (724) + TX, sesamex (1393) + TX, sesasmolin (1394) and sulfoxide (1406) + TX,
an animal repellent selected from the group of substances consisting of anthraquinone (32) + TX, chloralose (127) + TX, copper naphthenate [CCN] + TX, copper oxychloride (171 ) + TX, diazinon (227) + TX, dicyclopentadiene (chemical name) (1069) + TX, guazatine (422) + TX, guazatine acetates (422) + TX, methiocarb (530) + TX, pyridin-4-amine (lUPAC name) (23) + TX, thiram (804) + TX, trimethacarb (840) + TX, zinc naphthenate [CCN] and ziram (856) + TX,
a virucide selected from the group of substances consisting of imanin [CCN] and ribavirin [CCN] + TX, a wound protectant selected from the group of substances consisting of mercuric oxide (512) + TX, octhilinone (590) and thiophanate-methyl (802) + TX, and biologically active compounds selected from the group consisting of azaconazole (60207-31 -0] + TX, bitertanol [70585-36-3] + TX, bromuconazole [116255-48-2] + TX, cyproconazole [94361 -06-5] + TX, difenoconazole [1 19446-68-3] + TX, diniconazole [83657-24-3] + TX, epoxiconazole [106325-08-0] + TX, fenbuconazole [1 14369-43-6] + TX, fluquinconazole [136426-54-5] + TX, flusilazole [85509-19-9] + TX, flutriafol [76674-21 -0] + TX, hexaconazole [79983-71 -4] + TX, imazalil [35554-44-0] + TX, imiben- conazole [86598-92-7] + TX, ipconazole [125225-28-7] + TX, metconazole [125116-23-6] + TX, myclobutanil [88671-89-0] + TX, pefurazoate [101903-30-4] + TX, penconazole [66246-88-6] + TX, prothioconazole [178928-70-6] + TX, pyrifenox [88283-41 -4] + TX, prochloraz [67747-09-5] + TX, propiconazole [60207-90-1 ] + TX, simeconazole [149508-90-7] + TX, tebuconazole [107534-96-3] + TX, tetraconazole [1 12281 -77-3] + TX, triadimefon [43121 -43-3] + TX, triadimenol [55219-65-3] + TX, triflumizole [99387-89-0] + TX, triticonazole [131983-72-7] + TX, ancymidol [12771 -68-5] + TX, fenarimol [60168-88-9] + TX, nuarimol [63284-71 -9] + TX, bupirimate [41483-43-6] + TX, dimethirimol [5221 -53-4] + TX, ethirimol [23947-60-6] + TX, dodemorph [1593-77-7] + TX, fenpropidine [67306-00-7] + TX, fenpropimorph [67564-91 -4] + TX, spiroxamine [118134-30-8] + TX, tridemorph [81412-43-3] + TX, cyprodinil [121552-61 -2] + TX, mepanipyrim [110235-47-7] + TX, pyrimethanil [53112-28-0] + TX, fenpiclonil [74738-17-3] + TX, fludioxonil [131341 -86-1] + TX, benalaxyl [71626-1 1 -4] + TX, furalaxyl [57646-30-7] + TX, metalaxyl [57837-19-1 ] + TX, R-metalaxyl [70630-17-0] + TX, ofurace [58810-48-3] + TX, oxadixyl [77732-09-3] + TX, benomyl [17804-35-2] + TX, carbendazim [10605-21 -7] + TX, debacarb [62732-91 -6] + TX, fuberidazole [3878-19-1 ] + TX, thiabendazole [148-79-8] + TX, chlozolinate [84332-86-5] + TX, dichlozoline [24201 -58-9] + TX, iprodione [36734-19-7] + TX, myclozoline [54864-61 -8] + TX, procymidone [32809-16-8] + TX, vinclozoline [50471-44-8] + TX, boscalid [188425-85-6] + TX, carboxin [5234-68-4] + TX, fenfuram [24691 -80-3] + TX, flutolanil [66332- 96-5] + TX, mepronil [55814-41 -0] + TX, oxycarboxin [5259-88-1 ] + TX, penthiopyrad [183675-82-3] + TX, thifluzamide [130000-40-7] + TX, guazatine [108173-90-6] + TX, dodine [2439-10-3] [112-65-2] (free base) + TX, iminoctadine [13516-27-3] + TX, azoxystrobin [131860-33-8] + TX, dimoxystrobin [149961-52-4] + TX, enestroburin {Proc. BCPC, Int. Congr., Glasgow, 2003, 1 , 93} + TX, fluoxastrobin [361377-29-9] + TX, kresoxim-methyl [143390-89-0] + TX, metominostrobin [133408-50-1 ] + TX, trifloxystrobin [141517-21 -7] + TX, orysastrobin [248593-16-0] + TX, picoxystrobin [117428-22-5] + TX, pyraclostrobin [175013-18-0] + TX, ferbam [14484-64-1 ] + TX, mancozeb [8018-01 -7] + TX, maneb [12427-38-2] + TX, metiram [9006-42-2] + TX, propineb [12071 -83-9] + TX, thiram [137-26-8] + TX, zineb [12122-67-7] + TX, ziram [137-30-4] + TX, captafol [2425-06-1 ] + TX, captan [133-06-2] + TX, dichlofluanid [1085-98-9] + TX, fluoroimide [41205-21 -4] + TX, folpet [133-07-3 ] + TX, tolylfluanid [731 - 27-1 ] + TX, bordeaux mixture [801 1 -63-0] + TX, copperhydroxid [20427-59-2] + TX, copperoxychlorid [1332-40-7] + TX, coppersulfat [7758-98-7] + TX, copperoxid [1317-39-1 ] + TX, mancopper [53988-93- 5] + TX, oxine-copper [10380-28-6] + TX, dinocap [131 -72-6] + TX, nitrothal-isopropyl [10552-74-6] + TX, edifenphos [17109-49-8] + TX, iprobenphos [26087-47-8] + TX, isoprothiolane [50512-35-1 ] + TX, phosdiphen [36519-00-3] + TX, pyrazophos [13457-18-6] + TX, tolclofos-methyl [57018-04-9] + TX, acibenzolar-S-methyl [135158-54-2] + TX, anilazine [101 -05-3] + TX, benthiavalicarb [413615-35-7] + TX, blasticidin-S [2079-00-7] + TX, chinomethionat [2439-01 -2] + TX, chloroneb [2675-77-6] + TX, chlorothalonil [1897-45-6] + TX, cyflufenamid [180409-60-3] + TX, cymoxanil [57966-95-7] + TX, dichlone [117-80-6] + TX, diclocymet [139920-32-4] + TX, diclomezine [62865-36-5] + TX, dicloran [99- 30-9] + TX, diethofencarb /87730-20-97 + TX, dimethomorph [110488-70-5] + TX, SYP-LI90 (Flumorph) [211867-47-9] + TX, dithianon [3347-22-6] + TX, ethaboxam [162650-77-3] + TX, etridiazole [2593-15- 9] + TX, famoxadone [131807-57-3] + TX, fenamidone [161326-34-7] + TX, fenoxanil [115852-48-7] + TX, fentin /668-34-87 + TX, ferimzone [89269-64-7] + TX, fluazinam [79622-59-6] + TX, fluopicolide [239110-15-7] + TX, flusulfamide [106917-52-6] + TX, fenhexamid [126833-17-8] + TX, fosetyl- alum in ium [39148-24-8] + TX, hymexazol [10004-44-1 ] + TX, iprovalicarb [140923-17-7] + TX, IKF-916 (Cyazofamid) [120116-88-3] + TX, kasugamycin [6980-18-3] + TX, methasulfocarb [66952-49-6] + TX, metrafenone [220899-03-6] + TX, pencycuron [66063-05-6] + TX, phthalide [27355-22-2] + TX, polyoxins [11 113-80-7] + TX, probenazole [27605-76-1] + TX, propamocarb [25606-41 -1 ] + TX, proquinazid [189278-12-4] + TX, pyroquilon [57369-32-1 ] + TX, quinoxyfen [124495-18-7] + TX, quintozene [82-68-8] + TX, sulfur [7704-34-9] + TX, tiadinil [223580-51 -6] + TX, triazoxide [72459-58-6] + TX, tricyclazole [41814-78-2] + TX, triforine [26644-46-2] + TX, validamycin [37248-47-8] + TX, zoxamide (RH7281 ) [156052-68-5] + TX, mandipropamid [374726-62-2] + TX, isopyrazam [881685-58-1 ] + TX, sedaxane [874967-67-6] + TX, 3-difluoromethyl-1 -methyl-1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (9- dichloromethylene-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-l ,4-methano-naphthalen-5-yl)-amide (dislosed in WO 2007/048556) + TX, 3-difluoromethyl-1 -methyl-1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (3',4',5'-trifluoro-biphenyl-2-yl)-amide (disclosed in WO 2006/087343) + TX, [(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-
[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]- 1 ,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-6,12-dihydroxy-4,6a,12b-trimethyl-1 1 - oxo-9-(3-pyridinyl)-2 - ,11 - naphtho[2,1 -£)]pyrano[3,4-e]pyran-4-yl]methyl-cyclopropanecarboxylate
[915972-17-7] + TX and 1 ,3,5-trimethyl-N-(2-methyl-1 -oxopropyl)-N-[3-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro- 1 -methoxy-1 -(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide [926914-55-8] + TX, flufiprole [704886-18-0] + TX, cyclaniliprole [1031756-98-5] + TX, tetraniliprole [1229654-66-3] + TX, guadipyr (described in WO2010/060231 ) + TX and cycloxaprid (described in WO 2005/077934) + TX; and microbials including: Acinetobacter Iwoffii + TX, Acremonium alternatum + TX + TX,
Acremonium cephalosporium + TX + TX, Acremonium diospyri + TX, Acremonium obclavatum + TX, Adoxophyes orana granulovirus (AdoxGV) (Capex®) + TX, Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K84 (Galltrol-A®) + TX, Altemaria alternate + TX, Alternaria cassia + TX, Alternaria destruens (Smolder®) + TX, Ampelomyces quisqualis (AQ10®) + TX, Aspergillus flavus AF36 (AF36®) + TX, Aspergillus flavus NRRL 21882 (Aflaguard®) + TX, Aspergillus spp. + TX, Aureobasidium pullulans + TX, Azospirillum + TX, (MicroAZ® + TX, TAZO B®) + TX,
Azotobacter + TX, Azotobacter chroocuccum (Azotomeal®) + TX, Azotobacter cysts (Bionatural Blooming Blossoms®) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + TX, Bacillus cereus + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain CM-1 + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain AQ746 + TX, Bacillus licheniformis strain HB-2 (Biostart™ Rhizoboost®) + TX, Bacillus licheniformis strain 3086 (EcoGuard® + TX, Green Releaf®) + TX, Bacillus circulans + TX, Bacillus firmus (BioSafe®, BioNem-WP®, VOTiVO®) + TX, Bacillus firmus strain 1-1582 + TX, Bacillus macerans + TX, Bacillus marismortui + TX, Bacillus megaterium + TX, Bacillus mycoides strain AQ726 + TX, Bacillus papillae (Milky Spore Powder®) + TX, Bacillus pumilus spp. + TX, Bacillus pumilus strain GB34 (Yield Shield®) + TX, Bacillus pumilus strain AQ717 + TX, Bacillus pumilus strain QST 2808 (Sonata® + TX, Ballad Plus®) + TX, Bacillus spahericus (VectoLex®) + TX, Bacillus spp. + TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ175 + TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ177 + TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ178 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713 (CEASE® + TX, Serenade® + TX, Rhapsody®) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST 714 (JAZZ®) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ153 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ743 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3002 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3004 + TX, Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens strain FZB24 (Taegro® + TX,
Rhizopro®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Cry 2Ae + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis CrylAb + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai GC 91 (Agree®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis
(BMP123® + TX, Aquabac® + TX, VectoBac®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Javelin® + TX, Deliver® + TX, CryMax® + TX, Bonide® + TX, Scutella WP® + TX, Turilav WP ® + TX, Astuto® + TX, Dipel WP® + TX, Biobit® + TX, Foray®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki BMP 123 (Baritone®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD-1 (Bioprotec-CAF / 3P®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis strain BD#32 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis strain AQ52 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai (XenTari® + TX, DiPel®) + TX, bacteria spp. (GROWMEND® + TX, GROWSWEET® + TX, Shootup®) + TX, bacteriophage of Clavipacter michiganensis
(AgriPhage®) + TX, Bakflor® + TX, Beauveria bassiana (Beaugenic® + TX, Brocaril WP®) + TX, Beauveria bassiana GHA (Mycotrol ES® + TX, Mycotrol O® + TX, BotaniGuard®) + TX, Beauveria brongniartii (Engerlingspilz® + TX, Schweizer Beauveria® + TX, Melocont®) + TX, Beauveria spp. + TX, Botrytis cineria + TX, Bradyrhizobium japonicum (TerraMax®) + TX, Brevibacillus brevis + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis (Novodor®) + TX, BtBooster + TX, Burkholderia cepacia (Deny® + TX, Intercept® + TX, Blue Circle®) + TX, Burkholderia gladii + TX, Burkholderia gladioli + TX, Burkholderia spp. + TX, Canadian thistle fungus (CBH Canadian Bioherbicide®) + TX, Candida butyri + TX, Candida famata + TX, Candida fructus + TX, Candida glabrata + TX, Candida guilliermondii + TX, Candida melibiosica + TX, Candida oleophila strain O + TX, Candida parapsilosis + TX, Candida pelliculosa + TX, Candida pulcherrima + TX, Candida reukaufii + TX, Candida saitoana (Bio-Coat® + TX, Biocure®) + TX, Candida sake + TX, Candida spp. + TX, Candida tenius + TX, Cedecea dravisae + TX, Cellulomonas flavigena + TX, Chaetomium cochliodes (Nova-Cide®) + TX, Chaetomium globosum (Nova-Cide®) + TX, Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1T (Grandevo®) + TX, Cladosporium cladosporioides + TX, Cladosporium oxysporum + TX, Cladosporium chlorocephalum + TX, Cladosporium spp. + TX, Cladosporium tenuissimum + TX, Clonostachys rosea (EndoFine®) + TX, Colletotrichum acutatum + TX, Coniothyrium minitans (Cotans WG®) + TX, Coniothyrium spp. + TX, Cryptococcus albidus (YIELDPLUS®) + TX, Cryptococcus humicola + TX, Cryptococcus infirmo-miniatus + TX, Cryptococcus laurentii + TX, Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (Cryptex®) + TX, Cupriavidus campinensis + TX, Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CYD-X®) + TX, Cydia pomonella granulovirus (Madex® + TX, Madex Plus® + TX, Madex Max/ Carpovirusine®) + TX, Cylindrobasidium laeve (Stumpout®) + TX, Cylindrocladium + TX, Debaryomyces hansenii + TX, Drechslera hawaiinensis + TX, Enterobacter cloacae + TX, Enterobacteriaceae + TX, Entomophtora virulenta (Vektor®) + TX, Epicoccum nigrum + TX, Epicoccum purpurascens + TX, Epicoccum spp. + TX, Filobasidium floriforme + TX, Fusarium acuminatum + TX, Fusarium chlamydosporum + TX, Fusarium oxysporum (Fusaclean® / Biofox C®) + TX, Fusarium proliferatum + TX, Fusarium spp. + TX, Galactomyces geotrichum + TX, Gliocladium catenulatum (Primastop® + TX, Prestop®) + TX, Gliocladium roseum + TX, Gliocladium spp. (SoilGard®) + TX, Gliocladium virens (Soilgard®) + TX, Granulovirus
(Granupom®) + TX, Halobacillus halophilus + TX, Halobacillus litoralis + TX, Halobacillus trueperi + TX, Halomonas spp. + TX, Halomonas subglaciescola + TX, Halovibrio variabilis + TX, Hanseniaspora uvarum + TX, Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (Helicovex®) + TX, Helicoverpa zea nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Gemstar®) + TX, Isoflavone - formononetin (Myconate®) + TX, Kloeckera apiculata + TX, Kloeckera spp. + TX, Lagenidium giganteum (Laginex®) + TX, Lecanicillium longisporum (Vertiblast®) + TX, Lecanicillium muscarium
(Vertikil®) + TX, Lymantria Dispar nucleopolyhedrosis virus (Disparvirus®) + TX, Marinococcus halophilus + TX, Meira geulakonigii + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae (Met52®) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae (Destruxin WP®) + TX, Metschnikowia fruticola (Shemer®) + TX, Metschnikowia pulcherrima + TX, Microdochium dimerum (Antibot®) + TX, Micromonospora coerulea + TX, Microsphaeropsis ochracea + TX, Muscodor albus 620 (Muscudor®) + TX, Muscodor roseus strain A3-5 + TX, Mycorrhizae spp. (AMykor® + TX, Root Maximizer®) + TX, Myrothecium verrucaria strain AARC-0255 (DiTera®) + TX, BROS PLUS® + TX, Ophiostoma piliferum strain D97 (Sylvanex®) + TX, Paecilomyces farinosus + TX, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (PFR-97® + TX, PreFeRal®) + TX, Paecilomyces linacinus (Biostat WP®) + TX, Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 251 (MeloCon WG®) + TX, Paenibacillus polymyxa + TX, Pantoea agglomerans
(BlightBan C9-1®) + TX, Pantoea spp. + TX, Pasteuria spp. (Econem®) + TX, Pasteuria nishizawae + TX, Penicillium aurantiogriseum + TX, Penicillium billai (Jumpstart® + TX, TagTeam®) + TX, Penicillium brevicompactum + TX, Penicillium frequentans + TX, Penicillium griseofulvum + TX, Penicillium purpurogenum + TX, Penicillium spp. + TX, Penicillium viridicatum + TX, Phlebiopsis gigantean (Rotstop®) + TX, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Phosphomeal®) + TX, Phytophthora cryptogea + TX, Phytophthora palmivora (Devine®) + TX, Pichia anomala + TX, Pichia guilermondii + TX, Pichia membranaefaciens + TX, Pichia onychis + TX, Pichia stipites + TX, Pseudomonas aeruginosa + TX, Pseudomonas aureofasciens (Spot- Less Biofungicide®) + TX, Pseudomonas cepacia + TX, Pseudomonas chlororaphis (AtEze®) + TX, Pseudomonas corrugate + TX, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain A506 (BlightBan A506®) + TX, Pseudomonas putida + TX, Pseudomonas reactans + TX, Pseudomonas spp. + TX, Pseudomonas syringae (Bio-Save®) + TX, Pseudomonas viridiflava + TX, Pseudomons fluorescens (Zequanox®) + TX, Pseudozyma flocculosa strain PF-A22 UL (Sporodex L®) + TX, Puccinia canaliculata + TX, Puccinia thlaspeos (Wood Warrior®) + TX, Pythium paroecandrum + TX, Pythium oligandrum (Polygandron® + TX, Polyversum®) + TX, Pythium periplocum + TX, Rhanella aquatilis + TX, Rhanella spp. + TX, Rhizobia (Dormal® + TX, Vault®) + TX,
Rhizoctonia + TX, Rhodococcus globerulus strain AQ719 + TX, Rhodosporidium diobovatum + TX, Rhodosporidium toruloides + TX, Rhodotorula spp. + TX, Rhodotorula glutinis + TX, Rhodotorula graminis + TX, Rhodotorula mucilagnosa + TX, Rhodotorula rubra + TX,
Saccharomyces cerevisiae + TX, Salinococcus roseus + TX, Sclerotinia minor + TX, Sclerotinia minor (SARRITOR®) + TX, Scytalidium spp. + TX, Scytalidium uredinicola + TX, Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Spod-X® + TX, Spexit®) + TX, Serratia marcescens + TX, Serratia plymuthica + TX, Serratia spp. + TX, Sordaria fimicola + TX, Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (Littovir®) + TX, Sporobolomyces roseus + TX, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia + TX, Streptomyces ahygroscopicus + TX, Streptomyces albaduncus + TX,
Streptomyces exfoliates + TX, Streptomyces galbus + TX, Streptomyces griseoplanus + TX, Streptomyces griseoviridis (Mycostop®) + TX, Streptomyces lydicus (Actinovate®) + TX, Streptomyces lydicus WYEC-108 (ActinoGrow®) + TX, Streptomyces violaceus + TX,
Tilletiopsis minor + TX, Tilletiopsis spp. + TX, Trichoderma asperellum (T34 Biocontrol®) + TX, Trichoderma gamsii (Tenet®) + TX, Trichoderma atroviride (Plantmate®) + TX, Trichoderma hamatum TH 382 + TX, Trichoderma harzianum rifai (Mycostar®) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum T-22 (Trianum-P® + TX, PlantShield HC® + TX, RootShield® + TX, Trianum-G®) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum T-39 (Trichodex®) + TX, Trichoderma inhamatum + TX, Trichoderma koningii + TX, Trichoderma spp. LC 52 (Sentinel®) + TX, Trichoderma lignorum + TX,
Trichoderma longibrachiatum + TX, Trichoderma polysporum (Binab T®) + TX, Trichoderma taxi + TX, Trichoderma virens + TX, Trichoderma virens (formerly Gliocladium virens GL-21 ) (SoilGuard®) + TX, Trichoderma viride + TX, Trichoderma viride strain ICC 080 (Remedier®) + TX, Trichosporon pullulans + TX, Trichosporon spp. + TX, Trichothecium spp. + TX,
Trichothecium roseum + TX, Typhula phacorrhiza strain 94670 + TX, Typhula phacorrhiza strain 94671 + TX, Ulocladium atrum + TX, Ulocladium oudemansii (Botry-Zen®) + TX, Ustilago maydis + TX, various bacteria and supplementary micronutrients (Natural II®) + TX, various fungi (Millennium Microbes®) + TX, Verticillium chlamydosporium + TX, Verticillium lecanii (Mycotal® + TX, Vertalec®) + TX, Vip3Aa20 (VIPtera®) + TX, Virgibaclillus marismortui + TX, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Poae (Camperico®) + TX, Xenorhabdus bovienii + TX,
Xenorhabdus nematophilus; and
Plant extracts including: pine oil (Retenol®) + TX, azadirachtin (Plasma Neem Oil® + TX, AzaGuard® + TX, MeemAzal® + TX, Molt-X® + TX, Botanical IGR (Neemazad®, Neemix®) + TX, canola oil (Lilly Miller Vegol®) + TX, Chenopodium ambrosioides near ambrosioides (Requiem®) + TX, Chrysanthemum extract (Crisant®) + TX, extract of neem oil (Trilogy®) + TX, essentials oils of Labiatae (Botania®) + TX, extracts of clove rosemary peppermint and thyme oil (Garden insect killer®) + TX, Glycinebetaine (Greenstim®) + TX, garlic + TX, lemongrass oil (GreenMatch®) + TX, neem oil + TX, Nepeta cataria (Catnip oil) + TX, Nepeta catarina + TX, nicotine + TX, oregano oil (MossBuster®) + TX, Pedaliaceae oil (Nematon®) + TX, pyrethrum + TX, Quillaja saponaria (NemaQ®) + TX, Reynoutria sachalinensis (Regalia® + TX, Sakalia®) + TX, rotenone (Eco Roten®) + TX, Rutaceae plant extract (Soleo®) + TX, soybean oil (Ortho ecosense®) + TX, tea tree oil (Timorex Gold®) + TX, thymus oil + TX, AGNIQUE® MMF + TX, BugOil® + TX, mixture of rosemary sesame pepermint thyme and cinnamon extracts (EF 300®) + TX, mixture of clove rosemary and peppermint extract (EF 400®) + TX, mixture of clove pepermint garlic oil and mint (Soil Shot®) + TX, kaolin (Screen®) + TX, storage glucam of brown algae (Laminarin®) + TX; and
pheromones including: blackheaded fireworm pheromone (3M Sprayable Blackheaded
Fireworm Pheromone®) + TX, Codling Moth Pheromone (Paramount dispenser-(CM)/ Isomate C-Plus®) + TX, Grape Berry Moth Pheromone (3M MEC-GBM Sprayable Pheromone®) + TX, Leafroller pheromone (3M MEC - LR Sprayable Pheromone®) + TX, Muscamone (Snip7 Fly Bait® + TX, Starbar Premium Fly Bait®) + TX, Oriental Fruit Moth Pheromone (3M oriental fruit moth sprayable pheromone®) + TX, Peachtree Borer Pheromone (Isomate-P®) + TX, Tomato Pinworm Pheromone (3M Sprayable pheromone®) + TX, Entostat powder (extract from palm tree) (Exosex CM®) + TX, Tetradecatrienyl acetate + TX, 13-Hexadecatrienal + TX, (E + ΤΧ,Ζ)- 7 + TX,9-Dodecadien-1-yl acetate + TX, 2-Methyl-1-butanol + TX, Calcium acetate + TX, Scenturion® + TX, Biolure® + TX, Check-Mate® + TX, Lavandulyl senecioate; and
Macrobials including: Aphelinus abdominalis + TX, Aphidius ervi (Aphelinus-System®) + TX, Acerophagus papaya + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Adalia-System®) + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Adaline®) + TX, Adalia bipunctata (Aphidalia®) + TX, Ageniaspis citricola + TX, Ageniaspis fuscicollis + TX, Amblyseius andersoni (Anderline® + TX, Andersoni-System®) + TX,
Amblyseius californicus (Amblyline® + TX, Spical®) + TX, Amblyseius cucumeris (Thripex® + TX, Bugline cucumeris®) + TX, Amblyseius fallacis (Fallacis®) + TX, Amblyseius swirskii (Bugline swirskii® + TX, Swirskii-Mite®) + TX, Amblyseius womersleyi (WomerMite®) + TX, Amitus hesperidum + TX, Anagrus atomus + TX, Anagyrus fusciventris + TX, Anagyrus kamali + TX, Anagyrus loecki + TX, Anagyrus pseudococci (Citripar®) + TX, Anicetus benefices + TX, Anisopteromalus calandrae + TX, Anthocoris nemoralis (Anthocoris-System®) + TX, Aphelinus abdominalis (Apheline® + TX, Aphiline®) + TX, Aphelinus asychis + TX, Aphidius colemani (Aphipar®) + TX, Aphidius ervi (Ervipar®) + TX, Aphidius gifuensis + TX, Aphidius matricariae (Aphipar-M®) + TX, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Aphidend®) + TX, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Aphidoline®) + TX, Aphytis lingnanensis + TX, Aphytis melinus + TX, Aprostocetus hagenowii + TX, Atheta coriaria (Staphyline®) + TX, Bombus spp. + TX, Bombus terrestris (Natupol Beehive®) + TX, Bombus terrestris (Beeline® + TX, Tripol®) + TX, Cephalonomia
stephanoderis + TX, Chilocorus nigritus + TX, Chrysoperla carnea (Chrysoline®) + TX,
Chrysoperla carnea (Chrysopa®) + TX, Chrysoperla rufilabris + TX, Cirrospilus ingenuus + TX, Cirrospilus quadristriatus + TX, Citrostichus phyllocnistoides + TX, Closterocerus chamaeleon + TX, Closterocerus spp. + TX, Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Planopar®) + TX, Coccophagus cowperi + TX, Coccophagus lycimnia + TX, Cotesia flavipes + TX, Cotesia plutellae + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Cryptobug® + TX, Cryptoline®) + TX, Cybocephalus nipponicus + TX, Dacnusa sibirica + TX, Dacnusa sibirica (Minusa®) + TX, Diglyphus isaea (Diminex®) + TX, Delphastus catalinae (Delphastus®) + TX, Delphastus pusillus + TX, Diachasmimorpha krausii + TX, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata + TX, Diaparsis jucunda + TX, Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis + TX, Diglyphus isaea + TX, Diglyphus isaea (Miglyphus® + TX, Digline®) + TX, Dacnusa sibirica (DacDigline® + TX, Minex®) + TX, Diversinervus spp. + TX, Encarsia citrina + TX, Encarsia formosa (Encarsia max® + TX, Encarline® + TX, En-Strip®) + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (Enermix®) + TX, Encarsia guadeloupae + TX, Encarsia haitiensis + TX, Episyrphus balteatus (Syrphidend®) + TX, Eretmoceris siphonini + TX, Eretmocerus californicus + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (Ercal® + TX, Eretline e®) + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus (Bemimix®) + TX, Eretmocerus hayati + TX, Eretmocerus mundus (Bemipar® + TX, Eretline m®) + TX, Eretmocerus siphonini + TX, Exochomus quadripustulatus + TX, Feltiella acarisuga (Spidend®) + TX, Feltiella acarisuga (Feltiline®) + TX, Fopius arisanus + TX, Fopius ceratitivorus + TX, Formononetin (Wirless Beehome®) + TX, Franklinothrips vespiformis (Vespop®) + TX,
Galendromus occidentalis + TX, Goniozus legneri + TX, Habrobracon hebetor + TX, Harmonia axyridis (HarmoBeetle®) + TX, Heterorhabditis spp. (Lawn Patrol®) + TX, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (NemaShield HB® + TX, Nemaseek® + TX, Terranem-Nam® + TX, Terranem® + TX, Larvanem® + TX, B-Green® + TX, NemAttack ® + TX, Nematop®) + TX, Heterorhabditis megidis (Nemasys H® + TX, BioNem H® + TX, Exhibitline hm® + TX, Larvanem-M®) + TX, Hippodamia convergens + TX, Hypoaspis aculeifer (Aculeifer-System® + TX, Entomite-A®) + TX, Hypoaspis miles (Hypoline m® + TX, Entomite-M®) + TX, Lbalia leucospoides + TX, Lecanoideus floccissimus + TX, Lemophagus errabundus + TX, Leptomastidea abnormis + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii (Leptopar®) + TX, Leptomastix epona + TX, Lindorus lophanthae + TX, Lipolexis oregmae + TX, Lucilia caesar (Natufly®) + TX, Lysiphlebus testaceipes + TX,
Macrolophus caliginosus (Mirical-N® + TX, Macroline c® + TX, Mirical®) + TX, Mesoseiulus longipes + TX, Metaphycus flavus + TX, Metaphycus lounsburyi + TX, Micromus angulatus (Milacewing®) + TX, Microterys flavus + TX, Muscidifurax raptorellus and Spalangia cameroni (Biopar®) + TX, Neodryinus typhlocybae + TX, Neoseiulus californicus + TX, Neoseiulus cucumeris (THRYPEX®) + TX, Neoseiulus fallacis + TX, Nesideocoris tenuis (NesidioBug® + TX, Nesibug®) + TX, Ophyra aenescens (Biofly®) + TX, Orius insidiosus (Thripor-I® + TX, Oriline i®) + TX, Orius laevigatus (Thripor-L® + TX, Oriline I®) + TX, Orius majusculus (Oriline m®) + TX, Orius strigicollis (Thripor-S®) + TX, Pauesia juniperorum + TX, Pediobius foveolatus + TX, Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (Nemaslug®) + TX, Phymastichus coffea + TX,
Phytoseiulus macropilus + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis (Spidex® + TX, Phytoline p®) + TX, Podisus maculiventris (Podisus®) + TX, Pseudacteon curvatus + TX, Pseudacteon obtusus + TX, Pseudacteon tricuspis + TX, Pseudaphycus maculipennis + TX, Pseudleptomastix mexicana + TX, Psyllaephagus pilosus + TX, Psyttalia concolor (complex) + TX, Quadrastichus spp. + TX, Rhyzobius lophanthae + TX, Rodolia cardinalis + TX, Rumina decollate + TX, Semielacher petiolatus + TX, Sitobion avenae (Ervibank®) + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae (Nematac C® + TX, Millenium® + TX, BioNem C® + TX, NemAttack® + TX, Nemastar® + TX, Capsanem®) + TX, Steinernema feltiae (NemaShield® + TX, Nemasys F® + TX, BioNem F® + TX, Steinernema-System® + TX, NemAttack® + TX, Nemaplus® + TX, Exhibitline sf® + TX, Scia-rid® + TX, Entonem®) + TX, Steinernema kraussei (Nemasys L® + TX, BioNem L® + TX, Exhibitline srb®) + TX, Steinernema riobrave (BioVector® + TX, BioVektor®) + TX, Steinernema scapterisci (Nematac S®) + TX, Steinernema spp. + TX, Steinernematid spp. (Guardian Nematodes®) + TX, Stethorus punctillum (Stethorus®) + TX, Tamarixia radiate + TX,
Tetrastichus setifer + TX, Thripobius semiluteus + TX, Torymus sinensis + TX, Trichogramma brassicae (Tricholine b®) + TX, Trichogramma brassicae (Tricho-Strip®) + TX, Trichogramma evanescens + TX, Trichogramma minutum + TX, Trichogramma ostriniae + TX, Trichogramma platneri + TX, Trichogramma pretiosum + TX, Xanthopimpla stemmator, and
other biologicals including: abscisic acid + TX, bioSea® + TX, Chondrostereum purpureum (Chontrol Paste®) + TX, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Collego®) + TX, Copper Octanoate (Cueva®) + TX, Delta traps (Trapline d®) + TX, Erwinia amylovora (Harpin) (ProAct® + TX, Ni- HIBIT Gold CST®) + TX, Ferri-phosphate (Ferramol®) + TX, Funnel traps (Trapline y®) + TX, Gallex® + TX, Grower's Secret® + TX, Homo-brassonolide + TX, Iron Phosphate (Lilly Miller Worry Free Ferramol Slug & Snail Bait®) + TX, MCP hail trap (Trapline f®) + TX, Microctonus hyperodae + TX, Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (Des-X®) + TX, BioGain® + TX, Aminomite® + TX, Zenox® + TX, Pheromone trap (Thripline ams®) + TX, potassium bicarbonate (MilStop®) + TX, potassium salts of fatty acids (Sanova®) + TX, potassium silicate solution (Sil-Matrix®) + TX, potassium iodide + potassiumthiocyanate (Enzicur®) + TX, SuffOil-X® + TX, Spider venom + TX, Nosema locustae (Semaspore Organic Grasshopper Control®) + TX, Sticky traps (Trapline YF® + TX, Rebell Amarillo®) + TX and Traps (Takitrapline y + b®) + TX. The references in brackets behind the active ingredients, e.g. [3878-19-1 ] refer to the Chemical Abstracts Registry number. The above described mixing partners are known. Where the active ingredients are included in "The Pesticide Manual" [The Pesticide Manual - A World Compendium; Thirteenth Edition; Editor: C. D. S. TomLin; The British Crop Protection Council], they are described therein under the entry number given in round brackets hereinabove for the particular compound; for example, the compound "abamectin" is described under entry number (1 ). Where "[CCN]" is added hereinabove to the particular compound, the compound in question is included in the "Compendium of Pesticide Common Names", which is accessible on the internet [A. Wood; Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, Copyright © 1995-2004]; for example, the compound "acetoprole" is described under the internet address http://www.alanwood.net pesticides/acetoprole.html.
Most of the active ingredients described above are referred to hereinabove by a so-called "common name", the relevant "ISO common name" or another "common name" being used in individual cases. If the designation is not a "common name", the nature of the designation used instead is given in round brackets for the particular compound; in that case, the lUPAC name, the lUPAC/Chembal Abstracts name, a "chemical name", a "traditional name", a "compound name" or a "develoment code" is used. "CAS Reg. No" means the Chemical Abstracts Registry Number.
The active ingredient mixture of the compounds of formula I selected from Tables 1 to 3 and P with active ingredients described above comprises a compound selected from Tables 1 to 3 and P and an active ingredient as described above preferably in a mixing ratio of from 100:1 to 1 :6000, especially from 50:1 to 1 :50, more especially in a ratio of from 20:1 to 1 :20, even more especially from 10:1 to 1 :10, very especially from 5:1 and 1 :5, special preference being given to a ratio of from 2:1 to 1 :2, and a ratio of from 4:1 to 2:1 being likewise preferred, above all in a ratio of 1 :1 , or 5:1 , or 5:2, or 5:3, or 5:4, or 4:1 , or 4:2, or 4:3, or 3:1 , or 3:2, or 2:1 , or 1 :5, or 2:5, or 3:5, or 4:5, or 1 :4, or 2:4, or 3:4, or 1 :3, or 2:3, or 1 :2, or 1 :600, or 1 :300, or 1 A 50, or 1 :35, or 2:35, or 4:35, or 1 :75, or 2:75, or 4:75, or 1 :6000, or 1 :3000, or 1 :1500, or 1 :350, or 2:350, or 4:350, or 1 :750, or 2:750, or 4:750. Those mixing ratios are by weight. The mixtures as described above can be used in a method for controlling pests, which comprises applying a composition comprising a mixture as described above to the pests or their environment, with the exception of a method for treatment of the human or animal body by surgery or therapy and diagnostic methods practised on the human or animal body.
The mixtures comprising a compound of formula I selected from Tables 1 to 3 and P and one or more active ingredients as described above can be applied, for example, in a single "ready-mix" form, in a combined spray mixture composed from separate formulations of the single active ingredient components, such as a "tank-mix", and in a combined use of the single active ingredients when applied in a sequential manner, i.e. one after the other with a reasonably short period, such as a few hours or days. The order of applying the compounds of formula I selected from Tables 1 to 3 and the active ingredients as described above is not essential for working the present invention.
The compositions according to the invention can also comprise further solid or liquid auxiliaries, such as stabilizers, for example unepoxidized or epoxidized vegetable oils (for example epoxidized coconut oil, rapeseed oil or soya oil), antifoams, for example silicone oil, preservatives, viscosity regulators, binders and/or tackifiers, fertilizers or other active ingredients for achieving specific effects, for example bactericides, fungicides, nematocides, plant activators, molluscicides or herbicides. The compositions according to the invention are prepared in a manner known per se, in the absence of auxiliaries for example by grinding, screening and/or compressing a solid active ingredient and in the presence of at least one auxiliary for example by intimately mixing and/or grinding the active ingredient with the auxiliary (auxiliaries). These processes for the preparation of the compositions and the use of the compounds I for the preparation of these compositions are also a subject of the invention. The application methods for the compositions, that is the methods of controlling pests of the
abovementioned type, such as spraying, atomizing, dusting, brushing on, dressing, scattering or pouring - which are to be selected to suit the intended aims of the prevailing circumstances - and the use of the compositions for controlling pests of the abovementioned type are other subjects of the invention. Typical rates of concentration are between 0.1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 0.1 and 500 ppm, of active ingredient. The rate of application per hectare is generally 1 to 2000 g of active ingredient per hectare, in particular 10 to 1000 g/ha, preferably 10 to 600 g/ha.
A preferred method of application in the field of crop protection is application to the foliage of the plants (foliar application), it being possible to select frequency and rate of application to match the danger of infestation with the pest in question. Alternatively, the active ingredient can reach the plants via the root system (systemic action), by drenching the locus of the plants with a liquid composition or by
incorporating the active ingredient in solid form into the locus of the plants, for example into the soil, for example in the form of granules (soil application). In the case of paddy rice crops, such granules can be metered into the flooded paddy-field.
The compounds of the invention and compositions thereof are also be suitable for the protection of plant propagation material, for example seeds, such as fruit, tubers or kernels, or nursery plants, against pests of the abovementioned type. The propagation material can be treated with the compound prior to planting, for example seed can be treated prior to sowing. Alternatively, the compound can be applied to seed kernels (coating), either by soaking the kernels in a liquid composition or by applying a layer of a solid composition. It is also possible to apply the compositions when the propagation material is planted to the site of application, for example into the seed furrow during drilling. These treatment methods for plant propagation material and the plant propagation material thus treated are further subjects of the invention. Typical treatment rates would depend on the plant and pest/fungi to be controlled and are generally between 1 to 200 grams per 100 kg of seeds, preferably between 5 to 150 grams per 100 kg of seeds, such as between 10 to 100 grams per 100 kg of seeds.
The term seed embraces seeds and plant propagules of all kinds including but not limited to true seeds, seed pieces, suckers, corns, bulbs, fruit, tubers, grains, rhizomes, cuttings, cut shoots and the like and means in a preferred embodiment true seeds.
The present invention also comprises seeds coated or treated with or containing a compound of formula I. The term "coated or treated with and/or containing" generally signifies that the active ingredient is for the most part on the surface of the seed at the time of application, although a greater or lesser part of the ingredient may penetrate into the seed material, depending on the method of application. When the said seed product is (re)planted, it may absorb the active ingredient. In an embodiment, the present invention makes available a plant propagation material adhered thereto with a compound of formula (I). Further, it is hereby made available, a composition comprising a plant propagation material treated with a compound of formula (I). Seed treatment comprises all suitable seed treatment techniques known in the art, such as seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking and seed pelleting. The seed treatment application of the compound formula (I) can be carried out by any known methods, such as spraying or by dusting the seeds before sowing or during the sowing/planting of the seeds.
Biological Examples:
Example B1 : Diabrotica balteata (Corn root worm):
Maize sprouts placed onto an agar layer in 24-well microtiter plates were treated with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10Ό00 ppm DMSO stock solutions by spraying. After drying, the plates were infested with L2 larvae (6 to 10 per well). The samples were assessed for mortality and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 4 days after infestation. The following compounds gave an effect of at least 80% in at least one of the two categories (mortality or growth inhibition) at an application rate of 200 ppm:
A1 , A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A9, A10, A1 1 , A12, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18, A19, A20, A21 , A23, A25, A26, A27, A28, A29, A31 , A32, A33, A34, A35, A36, A37, A38, A39, A40, A41 , A42, A43, A44, A45, A46, A47, A49, A50, A51 , A52, A53, A54, A55, A56, A57, A58, A59 and A60.
Example B2: Euschistus heros (Neotropical Brown Stink Bug):
Soybean leaves on agar in 24-well microtiter plates were sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10Ό00 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaves were infested with N2 nymphs. The samples were assessed for mortality and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 5 days after infestation.
The following compounds gave an effect of at least 80% in at least one of the two categories (mortality or growth inhibition) at an application rate of 200 ppm:
A3, A1 1 , A17, A27, A29, A36, A40, A42, A43, A53, A54, A55 and A57. Example B3: Myzus persicae (Green peach aphid):Feeding/Contact activity:
Sunflower leaf discs were placed onto agar in a 24-well microtiter plate and sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10Ό00 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying, the leaf discs were infested with an aphid population of mixed ages. The samples were assessed for mortality 6 days after infestation.
The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm:
A3, A7, A8, A10, A12, A15, A16, A17, A18, A24, A27, A29, A30, A32, A35, A36, A38, A39, A41 , A42, A44, A46, A47, A49, A51 , A53, A54, A56 and A57.
Example B4: Myzus persicae (Green peach aphid). Systemic activity:
Roots of pea seedlings infested with an aphid population of mixed ages were placed directly into aqueous test solutions prepared from 10Ό00 DMSO stock solutions. The samples were assessed for mortality 6 days after placing seedlings into test solutions.
The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at a test rate of 24 ppm: A8, A56 and A57.
Example B5: Myzus persicae (Green peach aphid). Intrinsic activity: Test compounds prepared from 10Ό00 ppm DMSO stock solutions were applied by pipette into 24-well microtiter plates and mixed with sucrose solution. The plates were closed with a stretched Parafilm. A plastic stencil with 24 holes was placed onto the plate and infested pea seedlings were placed directly on the Parafilm. The infested plate was closed with a gel blotting paper and another plastic stencil and then turned upside down. The samples were assessed for mortality 5 days after infestation.
The following compounds resulted in at least 80% mortality at a test rate of 12 ppm:
A7, A8, A9, A12, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18, A19, A20, A23, A24 and A56.
Example B6: Plutella xylostella (Diamond back moth):
24-well microtiter plates with artificial diet were treated with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10Ό00 ppm DMSO stock solutions by pipetting. After drying, the plates were infested with L2 larvae (10 to 15 per well). The samples were assessed for mortality and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 5 days after infestation.
The following compounds gave an effect of at least 80% in at least one of the two categories (mortality or growth inhibition) at an application rate of 200 ppm:
A1 , A3, A4, A5, A7, A8, A9, A10, A1 1 , A12, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18, A19, A20, A23, A24, A25, A26, A27, A29, A 31 , A32, A33, A34, A35, A36, A38, A39, A40, A41 , A42, A43, A44, A45, A46, A47, A48, A49, A50, A51 , A53, A54, A55, A56, A57, A58 and A60.
Example B7: Spodoptera littoralis (Egyptian cotton leaf worm):
Cotton leaf discs were placed onto agar in 24-well microtiter plates and sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10Ό00 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaf discs were infested with five L1 larvae. The samples were assessed for mortality, anti-feeding effect, and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 3 days after infestation. Control of Spodoptera littoralis by a test sample is given when at least one of the categories mortality, anti-feedant effect, and growth inhibition is higher than the untreated sample.
The following compounds resulted in at least 80% control at an application rate of 200 ppm:
A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10, A1 1 , A12, A13, A14, A15, A16, A17, A18, A19, A20, A21 , A23, A24, A25, A26, A27, A29, A31 , A32, A34, A35, A36, A38, A39, A40, A41 , A42, A43, A44, A45, A46, A47, A49, A51 , A53, A54, A55, A56, A57, A58 and A60.
Example B8: Spodoptera littoralis (Egyptian cotton leaf worm): Test compounds were applied by pipette from 10Ό00 ppm DMSO stock solutions into 24-well plates and mixed with agar. Lettuce seeds were placed onto the agar and the multi well plate was closed by another plate which contained also agar. After 7 days the compound was absorbed by the roots and the lettuce grew into the lid plate. The lettuce leaves were then cut off into the lid plate. Spodoptera eggs were pipetted through a plastic stencil onto a humid gel blotting paper and the lid plate was closed with it. The samples were assessed for mortality, anti-feedant effect and growth inhibition in comparison to untreated samples 6 days after infestation.
The following compounds gave an effect of at least 80% in at least one of the three categories (mortality, anti-feeding, or growth inhibition) at a test rate of 12.5 ppm:
A7, A8, A12, A27, A29, A33, A36, A53, A55 and A57.
Example B9: Tetranychus urticae (Two-spotted spider mite):Feedinq/contact activity:
Bean leaf discs on agar in 24-well microtiter plates were sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from 10Ό00 ppm DMSO stock solutions. After drying the leaf discs were infested with a mite population of mixed ages. The samples were assessed for mortality on mixed population (mobile stages) 8 days after infestation.
The following compound resulted in at least 80% mortality at an application rate of 200 ppm: A53.
Example B10: Aedes aeqyptKYellow fever mosquito):
Test solutions, at an application rate of 200ppm in ethanol, were applied to 12 well tissue culture plates. Once the deposits were dry, five, two to five day old adult female Aedes aegypti were added to each well, and sustained with a 10% sucrose solution in a cotton wool plug. Assessment of knockdown was made one hour after introduction, and mortality was assessed at 24 and 48 hours after introduction.
The following compounds gave at least 80% control of Aedes aegypti after 48h and/or 24h:
A3, A1 1 , A53 and A56.
Example B11 : Anopheles stephensi (Indian malaria mosquito):
Test solutions, at an application rate of 200 ppm in ethanol, were applied to 12 well tissue culture plates. Once the deposits were dry, five, two to five day old adult female Anopheles stephensi were added to each well, and sustained with a 10% sucrose solution in a cotton wool plug. Assessment of knockdown was made one hour after introduction, and mortality was assessed at 24 and 48 hours after introduction. The following compounds gave at least 80% control of Anopheles stephensi after 48h and/or 24h: A1 1 and A56.

Claims

Claims:
1 . A compound of formula I
Figure imgf000101_0001
wherein
A is CH or N;
Gi is N or CR3;
G2 is N or CR4;
G3 is O, S, S02 or CR6R5;
R3 and R4, independently from each other, are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, C C6alkyl, C
C6haloalkyl; or are C3-C6cycloalkyl which can be mono- or polysubstituted by R7; or are C3- C6cycloalkyl-C C4alkyl which can be mono- or polysubstituted by R8; or
R3 and R4, independently from each other, are C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6haloalkenyl, C2-C6alkynyl,
C2-C6haloalkynyl, C C6haloalkoxy, CrC6alkoxy, C C6alkylsulfanyl, CrC alkylsulfonyl, C C6alkylsulfinyl C C6haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl, C C6haloalkylsulfinyl or hydroxyl;
R5 and R6, independently from each other, are hydrogen, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, halogen or cyano; R7 and R8, independently from each other, are halogen, nitro, cyano, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy C C4alkyl or C C4haloalkyl; and
Q is phenyl or naphtyl, said phenyl or naphtyl can be mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl; or
Q is a five- to twelve-membered monocyclic or fused bicyclic ring system linked via a carbon atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated and contain 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, it not being possible for each ring system to contain more than 2 oxygen atoms and more than 2 sulfur atoms, said five- to ten-membered ring system can be mono- to polysubstituted by substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfinyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C4alkyl,
C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl; or Q is a five- to six-membered, aromatic, partially saturated or fully saturated ring system linked via a nitrogen atom to the ring which contains the group A, said ring system can be mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfinyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl; and said ring system contains 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, where said ring system may not contain more than one oxygen atom and not more than one sulfur atom ;
X is S, SO or S02;
Ri is C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl, C3-C6cycloalkyl-C C4alkyl; or
Ri is C3-C6cycloalkyl mono - or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4 haloalkyl and C C4alkyl; or
Ri is C3-C6cycloalkyl-C C4alkyl mono- or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, CrC haloalkyl and CrC alkyl; or
Ri is C2-C6alkenyl, C2-C6haloalkenyl or C2-C6alkynyl;
R2 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C6haloalkyl, or C C6haloalkyl substituted by one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, methoxy and cyano; or
R2 is C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl, 0(C C4haloalkyl), or -C(0)C C4haloalkyl;
R2 is C3-C6cycloalkyl mono - or polysubstituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl and C C4 haloalkyl; and
Y is O or S; and agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of those compounds.
2. A compound according to claim 1 , wherein
Q is selected from the group consisting of J-1 to J-48, where the arrow represents the point of attachment of the heterocycle to the radical Q:
- 102 -
Figure imgf000103_0001
wherein each group J-1 to J-48 can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl, C C4alkylsulfinyl, C C4alkylsulfonyl, - C(0)CrC4alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfinyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl.
3. A compound of formula I accordin to claim 1 , represented by the compounds of formula 1-1
Figure imgf000104_0001
wherein
Y, A, R2, Gi, G2, G3 and Q are as defined under formula I in claim 1 ;
Figure imgf000104_0002
Rai is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or cyclopropylmethyl.
4. A compound of formula I accordin to claim 1 represented by the compounds of formula I-2
Figure imgf000104_0003
wherein
Y, A, R2, G-i, G2 and Q are as defined under formula I in claim 1 ;
Xa! is S, SO or S02; and
Ra2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or cyclopropylmethyl.
5. A compound of formula I accordin to claim 1 represented by the compounds of formula la-3
Figure imgf000104_0004
wherein
R2, Gi, G2 and Q are as defined under formula I in claim 1 ;
Y is O;
A is CH or N;
Xa3 is S or S02;
Ra3 is C C4alkyl;
R2 is C C4haloalkyl; and
Q is selected fro group consisting of the heterocycles
Figure imgf000105_0001
J-1 J-2 J-3 J-5 J-6
Figure imgf000105_0002
J-7 J-8 J-9 J-10 J-11 J-12
Figure imgf000105_0003
Figure imgf000105_0004
J-18 J-19 J-20 J-21 J-22 J-23
Figure imgf000105_0005
J-24 J-25 J-26 J-27 J-28 J-29
Figure imgf000105_0006
J-30 J-31 J-32 J-33 J-34 J-35
Figure imgf000105_0007
Figure imgf000106_0001
wherein each group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C haloalkoxy, C C4alkoxy, CrCalkylsulfanyl, C Calkylsulfinyl, CrCalkylsulfonyl, -C(0)C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, C C4haloalkylsulfinyl, C C4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)Cr C4haloalkyl.
6. A compound of formula I accordin to claim 1 represented by the compounds of formula la-4
Figure imgf000106_0002
wherein
R2, Gi and G2 are as defined under formula I in claim 1 ;
YisO;
A is CH or N;
Xa4 is S or S02;
Ra4 is C C4alkyl;
R2 is C C4haloalkyl; and
is selected from the group consisting of the heterocycles
Figure imgf000106_0003
J-1 J-2 J-3 J-5
Figure imgf000106_0004
J-18 J-19 J-20 j-30 and j-43: wherein each group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, Ci-C4haloalkoxy, CrC4alkoxy, C C alkylsulfanyl, C C alkylsulfinyl, C C alkylsulfonyl, - C(0)CrC4alkyl, C C4haloalkylsulfanyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfinyl, CrC4haloalkylsulfonyl and -C(0)C C4haloalkyl.
7. A compound of formula I accordin to claim 1 represented by the compounds of formula la-5
Figure imgf000107_0001
wherein
R2, Gi and G2 are as defined under formula I in claim 1 ;
Y is O;
A is CH or N;
Xa5 is S or S02;
Ra5 is C C4alkyl;
R2 is C C4haloalkyl; and
is selected from the group consisting of the heterocycles
Figure imgf000107_0002
J-1 J-2 J-3 J-5
Figure imgf000107_0003
J-18 J-19 J-20 J-30
and j-43- wherein each group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C C4alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C alkoxy and CrC haloalkoxy.
8. A compound of formula I accordin to claim 1 represented by the compounds of formula la-6
Figure imgf000108_0001
A is CH or N;
Xa6 is S or S02;
Ra6 is C C4alkyl;
R2 is C C4haloalkyl; and
Q is selected from the roup consisting of the heterocyc
Figure imgf000108_0002
J-1 J-2 J-3 J-5
Figure imgf000108_0003
J-48
wherein each preferred group Q can be mono- di- or trisubstituted with Rx, wherein
each Rx is, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, c yano, C C alkyl, C C4haloalkyl, C C4alkoxy, C C4alkylsulfanyl and C C4haloalkoxy.
9. A pesticidal composition, which comprises at least one compound of formula I according to claim 1 or, where appropriate, a tautomer thereof, in each case in free form or in agrochemically utilizable salt form, as active ingredient and at least one auxiliary.
10. A method for controlling pests, which comprises applying a composition according to claim 9 to the pests or their environment with the exception of a method for treatment of the human or animal body by surgery or therapy and diagnostic methods practised on the human or animal body.
11 . A method for the protection of seeds from the attack by pests, which comprises treating the seeds or the site, where the seeds are planted, with a composition according to claim 9.
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