WO2015197559A1

WO2015197559A1 - Device and method for measuring a cavity

Info

Publication number: WO2015197559A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/063993
Authority: WO
Inventors: Werner Klaus; Josef Pössinger
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2014-06-25
Filing date: 2015-06-22
Publication date: 2015-12-30

Abstract

In order to measure and diagnose a cavity, for example of a control valve in a power plant, a suitable device (51) is proposed, which device can rotate a laser scanner (SE) on a rotor (RO) in the cavity, thus creating a three-dimensional image of the cavity. In this case, an axis of symmetry of rotationally symmetrical sections of the cavity can also be calculated as a central axis. The device (51) is suitable for all measurement tasks during valve housing renovation. In this case, the laser scanner (SE) can also digitally record a surface structure of a housing section. Embodiments make it possible to mount a supporting means (42) in an automated manner in the cavity with the device and to centre the supporting means with respect to the central axis of the cavity in an automated manner.

Description

description

Apparatus and method for measuring a cavity The present invention relates to a device and drive Ver ^¬ for measuring a cavity, in particular a Ar ^¬ matur, in particular a control valve in a power plant.

A fitting is, for example, a control fitting, a shut-off fitting or another assembly with rotationally symmetrical sections, as used in process technology, in ventilation, air-conditioning and heating technology, in water and power supplies, in systems of the chemical industry such as refineries, which are used in power stations such as steam turbines, in district heating grids or in pipelines. The term "armature" is to be understood in the following so very general assemblies and enclosures with rotationally symmetric areas. These include, for example, preheaters and aftercoolers in power plants, as well as valves of all kinds.

Fittings can be used with appropriate design, inter alia, for controlling a flow, for closing lines or to reduce a pressure. They can also be characterized by mechanical stress during opening and closing, by high pressures, corrosion, changing and high temperatures and other influences of a fluid flowing through the apparatus wear. These can also lead to armored, about

Deposited or otherwise hardened sealing surfaces develop cracks. Since the valves are often essential for the operation of each plant, an aside to re ^¬ paratur is associated with high costs. The DE 10 2005 004 232 Al describes a process for Repa ^¬ temperature of a fitting are to be maintained at the sealing surfaces without cracks and continuously, but also in a well-defined height, which is predetermined constructively. Corresponding DE 10 2005 004 232 AI is this, first removed a processing area machined, which also tears away the ^¬. The cutting removal is accomplished by grinding, turning and / or milling, possibly also in combination. This is followed by build-up welding, which increases the working area beyond a defined height. By final leveling, the machining area is brought to the level before the repair and possibly polished. Prior to the arrival processing steps are operation and management of the appropriate tools in each jus ^¬ advantage. Machining usually involves the use of conventional CNC machining centers, which can be adapted to the specific requirements of valve machining.

Based on this prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device and a method for measuring a cavity, with which manufacturing or repair work can be further simplified and / or shortened.

This object is achieved by a device for measuring a cavity, in particular a valve in ^¬ particular of a control valve in a power plant, with a stator having an interface for mounting on a support member at one end. The device further comprises a rotor, which is rotatably mounted on the stator, and at least one sensor, which is mounted on the Ro ^¬ tor. In the method for measuring a cavity insbesonde ^¬ re a fitting, in particular a control valve in a power plant, the rotor of the device is rotated, whereby a contour of a processing area of a fitting, in particular ^¬ sondere a valve seat, is three-dimensionally detected by the sensor.

The advantages mentioned below need not necessarily be given by the subject-matter of the independent patent claims be achieved. Rather, these may also be advantages, which are achieved only by individual embodiments, variants or developments. The device is suitable for all measuring tasks in a valve housing renovation. For example, a symmetry axis of a machining to ^¬ Tenden rotationally symmetrical housing portion can be determined by rotating the rotor with the sensor by using a three-dimensional image is created. In this case, the sensor may also have a surface structure of

Detect housing section digitally. The interface made ^¬ light in this case a defined coupling of the device to the support member, so that the measurements of the sensor can be performed with ho ^¬ forth accuracy.

In this case, the device includes a shaft which can be connected via the interface with an external rotary drive. The stator has at the other end a play-free Zentrierele ^¬ ment, in particular a cone, from which the shaft protrudes axially.

In particular, the play-free centering element may be spherical, conical or cylindrical. Alternatively or additionally, the play-free centering element can combine several geometries. For example, a first section of the centering element may be spherical and a second section of the centering element may be cylindrical. Furthermore, the play-free centering be formed integrally. Alterna tively ^¬ or additionally, the play-free centering element may be formed of a plurality of components. For example, the play-free centering element may be formed from a plurality of webs. In particular, the webs can be formed keilför ^¬ mig. This embodiment makes it possible aufzuste ^¬ support a support on the play centering, in particular the cone, wherein the shaft is inserted into a hub of the support. The support has, for example, three executable Supports which are mounted radially to an axis of symmetry of the hub to a base member. The device can be inserted with the support by the support member in a cavity. With a corresponding embodiment of the support, the shaft can now be rotated by the external rotary drive, as a result of which the hub is driven and supports of the support extend centrally by means of a transmission, whereby the support is braced in the cavity. Thus, this embodiment is suitable for automated assembly of the support in the cavity.

In a further development, at least two actuators are arranged at the other end of the stator. The actuators in particular drive adjusting shafts with an outer profile, in particular splines, which are arranged at the other end of the stator parallel to the shaft.

This development unfolds its advantages in interaction with the abovementioned support, after it has been spread in the cavity as in the context of the aforementioned embodiment. The support includes, for example, a centering sleeve for the cone of the device. The centering ^¬ rierhülse is preferably arranged on an alignment member at ^¬ with which the guide sleeve can be fixed in a rich Verstellbe- in the radial direction to its axis of symmetry. The adjustment range is, for example, +/- 3 mm in an X and Y direction. The alignment member has ^¬ play, to a first drive shaft for a first Stellge ^¬ gear for moving the centering sleeve in the X direction of the adjustment in domestic nerhalb. It can furthermore have a second drive shaft for a second actuating gear for ^moving the centering sleeve in the y-direction orthogonal to the X-direction within the adjustment range. The ers ^¬ te drive shaft and the second drive shaft can now each case have mechanical connections to transmit torque to ^¬ to which the actuators of the training is completed ^¬ be, for example, by the adjusting shafts of continuing to be introduced there. In the result allows the training an automated center-orientation of the support. An advantageous effect here is that the ^{device can} first measure the central axis of the cavity by means of the sensor, which can be used as a reference for the center orientation of the support. In order to avoid a lateral striking or jamming of the shaft in the hub in the center alignment, the shaft-hub connection or the bearing of the shaft in the stator can have sufficient clearance. Alternatively, the shaft may be retracted prior to center alignment.

According to one embodiment, the device includes at least one rotor camera which is mounted on the rotor, and in particular a lamp which is mounted on the rotor or integrated into the rotor camera.

The rotor camera makes it possible to monitor work processes. It can also be used for the qualitative assessment of a processing area as well as for crack detection.

In one embodiment, the device includes at least one stator camera mounted on the stator. In particular, a luminaire is mounted on the stator or integrated into the stator camera. The stator camera is in particular a wireless IP camera. Furthermore, the stator camera is in particular pivotable and rotatable. The stator camera allows monitoring of work processes. According to one embodiment the apparatus includes a multi-dimensional probe, which is mounted on the rotor or the stator and is particularly adapted for wireless Datenübertra ^¬ supply. In one development, the sensor is a 2D laser scanner, which is suitable for detecting a contour of a machining region of a fitting, in particular of a valve seat, in three dimensions when the rotor ^rotates . According to one embodiment, the sensor is a measuring probe for eddy current testing, which is suitable for examining a processing region of a valve, in particular a valve seat, upon rotation of the ^rotor . The measuring probe for vortex ^¬ current test allows, inter alia, a crack test.

The assembly includes the device and a computing unit which is programmed to a three dimensional model of the processing area to be calculated from measurement data of the sensor to erstel ^¬ len and from the three-dimensional model a central axis of the fitting. The calculated central axis can be used in ^¬ example, for a center orientation of the support described above.

Another arrangement comprises, in addition to the device, a computing unit which is programmed to determine defects and / or cracks in the processing area on the basis of the measurement data of the sensor.

According to one embodiment of the process a re ^¬ unit area from measured data of the sensor creates a three-dimensional image of the working area and calculated from the dimensional model dreidi ^¬ a central axis of the fitting. The calculated central axis can be used, for example, for centering the abovementioned support.

In the method for the diagnosis of a cavity, in particular a valve, in particular a control valve in a

Power plant, determines a computing unit based on the measurement data of the sensor of the device according to claim 7 or 8 defects and / or cracks in the processing area. According to one embodiment of the method, these are carried out on a fitting which remains at least partially installed during the implementation of the method at the point of its operation. The device can be used for the automated measurement of a valve, in particular a control valve in a power plant.

It can also be used for automated testing of a fitting, in particular a control valve in a power plant, for incorrect ^¬ places and / or cracks.

Furthermore, the device for automated assembly of a support in a valve, in particular a control valve in a power plant can be used.

In addition, the device for the automated centering of a support in a fitting, in particular a control valve in a power plant can be used.

In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to figures. In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference ^numerals , unless stated otherwise. In the drawings: An embodiment of an apparatus for Ve ^¬ rmessung and / or diagnosis of a cavity which is adapted for mounting and centering of a support in the cavity, the device shown in Figure during the assembly of a support in a cavity, an embodiment of a device for Diag ^¬ nose of a cavity by means of a measuring probe for eddy current testing.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a device 51 with a stator ST, on which a rotor RO can be rotated, for example by means of an electric motor. For example, a 2D laser scanner is mounted on the rotor RO as the sensor SE. advantage, which can by rotation of the rotor RO create a dreidimensio ^¬ dimensional profile of a cavity in which the device 51 is located. In this case, for example, a surface of a processing region of the cavity is digitized. If the processing region is rotationally symmetrical, a symmetry axis can be calculated from the three-dimensional image from ^¬ as the central axis of the cavity. Next ^¬ out the measurements of the sensor can be used to defects and / or cracks in the machining area automates visible. With the sensor SE may in this case a contour of a valve seat are detected three-dimensionally accurately at ^¬ play. Instead of the 2D scanner, a 3D laser scanner can also be mounted as sensor SE on the rotor RO.

A suitable for the sensor SE 2D laser scanner is, for example, the device LJ-V7000 Keyence. This La ^¬ serscanner expands a laser beam to a line that is diffusely reflected from a surface of a machining area. By detecting a position and shape ^¬ change of the reflected light of these 2D laser scanner measures a path shift and shape of the machining area. It is insensitive to difficult surfaces and easy to automate.

To observe the work processes, a stator camera SK is mounted on the stator ST. These can optionally be configured as IP camera, include a lighting and wire ^¬ be rid turned and rotated. It serves as an adjustment aid when mounting a support as in the context of

Figure 2 described, and to observe the operations.

On the rotor RO a rotor camera RK is mounted, which can also have a built-in illumination and can be used for the qualitative assessment of a processing area as well as for the optical crack detection. FIG. 1 also shows a cone KO, from which a shaft 71 projects axially centrally. Furthermore, Figure 1 shows actuators AI, A2, which are arranged parallel to the shaft 71. The shaft 71, the cone KO and the actuators AI, A2 are used for mounting a support 42, as will now be explained with reference to FIG 2.

FIG. 2 initially shows again the device 51 corresponding to FIG. 1, here in a partially cutaway view, which makes visible an interface SC, by means of which the device 51 can be mounted on a carrier component, which is shaped, for example, as a rod with a circular or polygonal cross section. By means of the beam assembly ^¬ part the device can be inserted into a cavity 51st The shaft 71, which is rotatably mounted within the device 51, can be connected in the context of the interface SC to an external rotary drive. On the end of the stator ST with the emerging from the cone KO shaft 71 and the actuators AI, A2, a support 42 is plugged in Figure 2, which is inserted with a hub on the shaft 71 of the device 51.

To mount the support 42, the shaft 71 drives the hub of the support 42, which extends via a transmission supports the support 42 in the radial direction to the shaft 71, whereby the support 42 is spread in a cavity.

Actuating shafts of the actuators AI, A2 of the device 51 engage in mechanical connections for torque transmission of drive shafts of the support 42, which via a control gear a centering of the support 42, which has received the Ko ^¬ nus of the device 51, in an adjustment in the radial direction of the shaft 71 can set. For example, the support 42 is initially spread in the hollow space. Subsequently, the rotor RO is rotated, where ^¬ by the sensor SE, a three-dimensional image of a rota ^¬ tionssymmetrischen processing area of the cavity he ^¬ provides. An arithmetic unit then calculates from the three dimensional image of the processing area a symmetry ^¬ axis of the cavity. By means of the actuators Al, A2, the centering of the support 42 can now be accurately centered on the Symmet ^¬ rieachse of the cavity. This has the advantage that the support 42 at a later time can keep other tools, which are mounted on the carrier component, centered in its centering sleeve on the symmetry axis of the cavity, as a result of which highly accurate mechanical processing operations of the processing area, for example a machining of stellited surfaces be possible. The actuators AI, A2 thus allow a correction of a center deviation of the support 42, which can be done automatically in the X and Y directions. The Statorkamera SK and the rotor camera RK serve to Be ^¬ observation of the machining processes and to assist in the A ^¬ position. They can be designed as a standard camera without image evaluation and, for example, manually controlled at a machining ^¬ processing station. The device 51 may also comprise a multi-dimensional probe for detecting specific reference points, which is mounted on the stator ST or on the rotor RO and transmits data wirelessly.

FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device 51, here for the diagnosis of a cavity. The stator ST is also here comprises a cone KO, which is suitable to engage in the manner described in the context of Figure 2 support 42 centered on an axis of symmetry of the cavity ge ^¬ supports to be. On a rotor RO of the device 51, a measuring probe for eddy current testing is mounted as sensor SE, which serves for an automated crack detection.

As indicated in FIG. 3, the sensor SE can be extended and retracted in the radial direction on the rotor RO and, of course, rotated with the rotor RO. Once again, a rotor camera RK with integrated lighting is mounted on the rotor RO. The device 51 is suitable for the eddy current testing of a machining area for cracks. Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by the embodiments, it is not limited by the disclosed examples. Other variations can be deduced therefrom by the person skilled in the art without the

To leave the scope of the invention. The described embodiments, variants, embodiments and Wei ^¬ terbildungen can continue to be freely combined with each other.

Claims

claims

1. Device (51) for measuring a cavity, in particular a fitting (2), in particular a control valve in a power plant,

with a stator (ST) attached to one end of an interface (SC) has ^¬ for mounting on a support member (7),

with a rotor (RO) which is rotatably mounted on the stator (ST),

with at least one sensor (SE), which is mounted on the rotor (RO), and

with a shaft (71) which is connectable via the interface (SC) with an external rotary drive, and

- In which the stator (ST) at the other end a play-free centering, in particular a cone (KO), from which the shaft (71) protrudes axially.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1,

- In which at the other end of the stator (ST) at least two actuators (AI, A2) are arranged, and

Floating wherein the actuators (Al, A2) in particular Stellwel ^¬ len with an outer profile, in particular wedge waves at ^¬ which (ST) are arranged parallel to the shaft (71) at the other end of the stator.

3. Device according to one of the preceding claims,

with at least one rotor camera (RK), which is mounted on the ro ^¬ tor (RO), and

- In particular with a lamp which is mounted on the rotor (RO) or integrated into the rotor camera (RK).

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims,

with at least one stator camera (SK), which is mounted on the stator (ST),

in particular, a light on the stator (ST) mon ^¬ out or in the Statorkamera (SK) is integrated, wherein the stator camera (SK) is in particular a wireless IP camera, and

wherein the stator camera (SK) is in particular pivotable and rotatable.

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims,

with a multi-dimensional probe, which is mounted on the rotor (RO) or stator (ST) and in particular is set up for wireless data transmission.

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the sensor (SE) is a 2D laser scanner, which is suitable, upon rotation of the rotor (RO) a contour ei ^¬ nes processing area (30) of a fitting (2), and in ^¬ particular a valve seat, to capture three-dimensional.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5,

wherein the sensor (SE) is a measuring probe for Wirbelstromprü ^¬ Fung, which is suitable, upon rotation of the rotor (RO) a processing area (30) of a fitting (2), in particular a valve seat to examine.

8. Arrangement with a device according to claim 6,

with a computing unit (RE) which is programmed to create a three-dimensional model of the processing area (30) from measurement data of the sensor (SE) and to calculate a central axis (8) of the fitting (2) from the three-dimensional model.

9. Arrangement with a device according to claim 6 or 7, with a computing unit (RE) which is programmed to ^{¬ on the} hand of the measurement data of the sensor (SE) to detect defects and / or cracks in the processing area (30).

10. A method for measuring a cavity, in particular a fitting (2), in particular a control valve in ei ^¬ nem power plant, wherein the rotor (RO) of the device is rotated according to claim 6, whereby a contour of a processing area (30) of a valve (2), in particular a valve seat, three-dimensionally detected by the sensor (SE).

11. The method according to claim 10,

wherein a computing unit (RE) from measurement data of the sensor (SE) creates a three-dimensional model of the processing area (30) and from the three-dimensional model a

Center axis (8) of the valve (2) calculated.

12. A method for diagnosis of a cavity, in particular egg ^¬ ner fitting (2), in particular a control valve in a power plant,

in which a computing unit (RE) ascertains defects and / or cracks in a processing region (30) on the basis of the measurement data of the sensor (SE) of the device according to claim 6 or 7.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,

in which a mixer (2) during the implementation of the method at the location of its operation at least partially ^¬ builds remains.

14. Use of the device (51) according to one of claims 1 to 7 for the automated measurement of a valve (2), in particular a control valve in a power plant.

15. Use of the device (51) according to one of claims 1 to 7 for the automated testing of a valve (2), in particular a control valve in a power plant, on defects and / or cracks.

16. Use of the device (51) according to any one of claims 1 or 2 for the automated assembly of a support (42) in a fitting (2), in particular a control valve in a power plant. Use of the device (51) according to one of claims 1 or 2 for automated centering of a support (42) in a fitting (2), in particular a control valve in a power plant.