WO2015162835A1 - Supply/demand balancing system, switching system, supply/demand management system, switching method, supply/demand balancing method, supply/demand management method, switching program, and supply/demand management program - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention achieves real-time pricing by impartially selecting a consumption location at which a subject of consumption is consumed without gathering in one location the information of the consumption locations at which the subject of consumption is attempted to be consumed. The supply/demand balancing system (real-time pricing system) (100) is provided with: a limitation parameter setting unit (21) that sets a limitation parameter on the basis of the excess supply capacity for electrical power; and a plurality of switching systems (automated demand response devices) (30) respectively connected between a plurality of power consuming apparatuses (40) and an electrical power source (10). Each of the plurality of switching systems (30) is provided with: a drawing unit (33) that performs a drawing at a winning probability on the basis of the limitation parameter; and a switching unit (34) that, when drawn by the drawing unit (33), receives electrical power from the electrical power source (10) and supplies same to a power consuming apparatus (40), and/or when not drawn by the drawing unit (33), blocks the supply of electrical power from the electrical power source (10) to the power consuming apparatus (40).

Description

Demand supply balancing system, switching system, demand supply management system, switching method, demand supply balancing method, demand supply management method, switching program, and demand supply management program Related applications

This application claims the benefit of Patent Application No. 2014-088404 filed in Japan on April 22, 2014, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The present technology relates to a demand / supply balancing system for balancing demand and supply to be consumed, a switching system and a demand / supply management system used therefor, and methods and programs thereof.

Background art and overview

Conventionally, the total amount of power consumption at a plurality of power consumption points (for example, power consumption devices in each home) is in a central power source (for example, a power plant) that supplies power to the plurality of power consumption points. A power demand and supply balancing system has been proposed that controls power consumption at a plurality of power consumption points so as not to exceed the power supply capacity. In a conventional power supply and demand balancing system, the power consumption at a plurality of power consumption points is controlled by centrally managing which of the plurality of power consumption points is permitted and where the power consumption is restricted. The total consumption is limited to be equal to or less than a predetermined target value that does not exceed the power supply capability of the central power source (see, for example, JP-A-2014-54123).

Such a conventional power supply and demand balancing system is effectively applied when, for example, a plurality of power consumption points are a large number of electric vehicles and the electric vehicles are charged. For example, out of 100 electric vehicles, if only 50 units can be charged because the power supply capacity of the central power source is small, in order to select 50 units to be charged from among the 100 units fairly, If information on 100 electric vehicles is collected in one place and managed as a whole, the total power consumption can be kept below a predetermined target value.

In recent years, solar power generation in homes has become widespread, and the power generation equipment in each home has become a small-scale power source, and an infrastructure for selling power to the central power source is being prepared. When the central power source purchases power obtained from multiple small power sources when the power supply capacity of the central power source is insufficient, the central power source also purchases power from which small power source. If these are intensively managed in one place, it is possible to avoid purchasing excessive power and buy a necessary amount of power in the central power source according to the power supply capacity in the central power source.

However, when there are a huge number of power consumption points and small power sources to be managed, such as 1 million points, it becomes difficult to gather such information in one place, and the infrastructure cost for that is huge. Become. Such a problem can occur not only for electric power but also for consumption objects such as gas and water between a central supply source and a plurality of consumption points or small-scale supply sources.

The present application has been made in view of the above problems, and information on a plurality of consumption points and small-scale supply sources (hereinafter, the consumption points and the small-scale supply sources are collectively referred to as “nodes”) is provided in one place. It is an object of the present invention to provide a demand and supply balancing system that can fairly select nodes for transmitting consumption objects without collecting them.

The demand supply balancing system includes a limit parameter setting unit that sets a limit parameter based on a supply capacity to be consumed, a transmission unit that transmits the limit parameter set by the limit parameter setting unit, a central supply source to be consumed, And a plurality of switching systems respectively connected to the plurality of nodes. Each of the plurality of switching systems is won by the receiving unit that receives the limiting parameter transmitted by the transmitting unit, the lottery unit that performs the lottery with the winning probability based on the limiting parameter received by the receiving unit, and the lottery unit In this case, when the central supply source and the node are connected so that the consumption target can be transmitted and / or when the selection is lost in the lottery section, the central supply source and the node are set so that the consumption target cannot be transmitted. And a switch unit that disconnects the connection to the device.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the demand-supply balancing system of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the demand supply management system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the supply surplus capacity and the winning probability that is a limiting parameter according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the switching system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the unit price of power charges and the supply capacity in the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of the demand supply balancing system according to the second embodiment of this invention. FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a switching system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the demand-supply balancing system of the fourth embodiment.

Embodiment

Hereinafter, the demand supply balancing system of the embodiment will be described. The embodiment described below shows an example when the present technology is implemented, and the present technology is not limited to the specific configuration described below. In implementing the present technology, a specific configuration according to the embodiment may be appropriately adopted.

A demand-supply balancing system according to an embodiment includes a limit parameter setting unit that sets a limit parameter based on a supply capacity of a consumption target, a transmission unit that transmits the limit parameter set by the limit parameter setting unit, and a consumption target And a plurality of switching systems respectively connected between the central supply source and the plurality of nodes. Each of the plurality of switching systems is won by the receiving unit that receives the limiting parameter transmitted by the transmitting unit, the lottery unit that performs the lottery with the winning probability based on the limiting parameter received by the receiving unit, and the lottery unit In this case, when the central supply source and the node are connected so that the consumption target can be transmitted and / or when the selection is lost in the lottery section, the central supply source and the node are set so that the consumption target cannot be transmitted. And a switch unit that disconnects the connection to the device.

With this configuration, since the winning probability of each switching system is determined based on the supply capacity of the central supply source, the amount of the consumption target transmitted between the central supply source and the node can be controlled to a desired amount. Moreover, what is necessary is just to deliver the set restriction | limiting parameter to several switching systems uniformly from this transmission part for this control. In addition, the switching system does not need to notify the limit parameter setting unit of demand (consumption amount of consumption part or supply amount of small-scale supply source), and it is not necessary to provide a transmission unit for that purpose, thus simplifying the switching system. Can be configured inexpensively and compactly. Furthermore, since it is determined by lottery which node of the plurality of nodes is connected to the central supply source, a large number of nodes can be connected to the central supply source fairly when viewed in a certain period. Furthermore, as the infrastructure, a control parameter setting unit and a transmission unit may be prepared, and each switching system may be prepared in each node by a user who wants to use this demand-supply balancing system. Can be suppressed. The restriction parameter may be the winning probability itself. Further, the surplus supply capacity may be a difference obtained by subtracting the actual supply amount from the supplyable amount, or may be a ratio of the difference to the supplyable amount. Note that even when the limiting parameter is a winning probability and the limiting parameter is used as it is as a winning probability in the lottery section, such a winning probability corresponds to the “winning probability based on the limiting parameter” described above.

In the demand supply balancing system described above, the node may be a consumption point that consumes the consumption target, and the switch unit connects the central supply source and the node so that the consumption target is transmitted from the central supply source to the node. Good.

With this configuration, since the winning probability of each switching system is determined based on the supply capacity of the central supply source, the total consumption amount at a plurality of consumption points is set to a predetermined target value (supply source supply limit) according to the supply capacity. And may be determined based on an upper limit determined by the contract). In addition, since it is determined by lottery to which consumption point the consumption object is supplied and consumed, it is possible to supply the consumption object fairly to a large number of consumption points in a certain period.

Further, in the above demand / supply balancing system, the consumption target may be electric power, and the consumption part may be an electric power consuming device.

With this configuration, since the winning probability of each switching system is determined based on the power supply capacity of the central supply source, the total power consumption of the plurality of power consuming devices is determined according to the power supply capacity of the central supply source. Can be controlled.

In the demand supply balancing system described above, the node may be a small-scale supply source that provides a consumption target, and the switch unit connects the central supply source and the small-scale supply source so that the small-scale supply source is connected. The consumption object may be transmitted to a central source.

With this configuration, since the winning probability of each switching system is determined based on the supply capacity of the central supply source, the total provided amount from a plurality of small-scale supply sources is set to a predetermined target value (central supply depending on the supply capacity. Can be determined based on the shortage of the supply capacity of the source). In addition, since it is determined by lottery which small supply source is provided with the consumption target, many small supply sources can be provided with a fair consumption target when viewed over a certain period.

In the demand supply balancing system, the consumption target may be electric power, and the small-scale supply source may be a power storage device.

With this configuration, since the winning probability of each switching system is determined based on the power supply capacity of the central supply source, the total amount of power provided from the plurality of power storage devices according to the power supply capacity of the central supply source Can be controlled.

In the above demand / supply balancing system, the unit price of the charge to be consumed may be determined based on the supply capacity of the central supply source.

With this configuration, for example, when the supply capacity is imminent at the central supply source and the charge is high, power consumption is automatically suppressed, or the supply capacity is imminent at the central supply source and the charge is high. Sometimes power selling can be promoted, so the user can be motivated to introduce the switching system, and the switching system can be widely spread.

In the demand supply balancing system, the switching system may further include an adjustment coefficient setting unit that sets an adjustment coefficient, and the winning probability may be adjusted based on the adjustment coefficient set by the adjustment coefficient setting unit. .

With this configuration, since the winning probability in each switching system can be adjusted in this switching system, the user can make adjustments such as increasing the winning probability when urging supply for consumption. Further, it is not necessary to perform the adjustment of the winning probability for each switching system by centralized management, and the cost related to the infrastructure can be suppressed.

In the above demand / supply balancing system, the adjustment coefficient setting unit may set the adjustment coefficient based on a user operation.

This configuration allows the user to adjust the winning probability as needed at any time.

In the above demand and supply balancing system, the limit parameter setting unit may set a limit parameter such that the smaller the supply surplus, the lower the winning probability.

This configuration makes it possible to prevent the supply capacity from becoming zero because the consumption is reduced when the supply capacity is small.

In the above demand and supply balancing system, the limit parameter setting unit may set a limit parameter such that the winning probability increases as the supply capacity decreases.

With this configuration, when the supply capacity is small, the amount of power provided from the small-scale supply source to the central supply source is increased, so that it is possible to prevent the supply capacity from becoming zero.

The switching system of the present invention is a switching system that is used by being connected between a central supply source to be consumed and a node, and includes a receiving unit that receives a transmitted restriction parameter, and a restriction received by the receiving unit. A lottery unit that performs lottery with a winning probability based on parameters, and when winning in the lottery unit, connects the central source and the node so that the consumption object can be transmitted and / or loses in the lottery unit In this case, the switch has a configuration including a switch unit that disconnects the connection between the central supply source and the node so that the consumption target cannot be transmitted.

With this configuration, since a lottery for connection / disconnection is performed with a winning probability based on the restriction parameter, by providing such a switching system for each of a plurality of nodes, information on the plurality of nodes is collected in one place, Centralized management such as instructing connection / disconnection to each node becomes unnecessary.

The demand supply management system of the present invention is a demand supply management system for constituting a demand supply balancing system together with a plurality of switching systems respectively connected between a central supply source to be consumed and a plurality of nodes. A configuration comprising a limit parameter setting unit that sets a limit parameter based on a supply capacity of a consumption target in a central supply source, and a transmission unit that transmits the limit parameter set by the limit parameter setting unit to a plurality of switching systems have.

With this configuration, the limit parameters based on the surplus supply capacity are uniformly transmitted to a plurality of switching systems, so that it is not necessary to instruct to connect / disconnect each of the plurality of switching systems individually, thereby managing supply and demand at a low cost. realizable.

The switching program of the present invention includes a receiving step for receiving a limit parameter transmitted to a device that can communicate with a switch unit that is connected between a central supply source to be consumed and a node, and a receiving step. A lottery step for performing a lottery with a winning probability based on the received limit parameter, and, when winning in the lottery unit, connecting a central source and a node so that a consumption object can be transmitted and / or a lottery unit And a control step for transmitting a control signal to the switch unit to control the switch unit so as to disconnect the connection between the central supply source and the node so that the consumption object cannot be transmitted. It has a configuration.

Even with this configuration, since a lottery of connection / disconnection is performed with a winning probability based on the restriction parameter, by providing such a switching system in a plurality of nodes, information on demands of the plurality of nodes is collected in one place, Centralized management such as instructing each node to connect / disconnect individually becomes unnecessary.

The demand supply balancing method of the present invention includes a limit parameter setting step for setting a limit parameter based on a supply capacity of a consumption target, a transmission step for transmitting the limit parameter set in the limit parameter setting step, and a center of the consumption target In each of a plurality of switching systems connected between a supply source and a plurality of nodes, a receiving step for receiving the limiting parameter transmitted in the transmitting step, and a winning probability based on the limiting parameter received in the receiving step In the lottery step where the lottery is performed in the lottery, and when winning in the lottery step, the central source and the node are connected so that the consumption object can be transmitted and / or the consumption is lost in the lottery step. Switching steps that disconnect the connection between the central source and the node so that the object cannot be transmitted. It has a configuration including a flop.

Also with this configuration, since the winning probability of each switching system is determined based on the surplus supply capacity, a necessary amount of consumption objects can be transmitted between the central supply source and the node. For this reason, in the transmission step, the set restriction parameter may be uniformly distributed to a plurality of switching systems. In addition, the switching system does not need to notify information about each node for setting the limiting parameter, and does not have to include a transmission unit for that purpose, so that the switching system can be configured simply, inexpensively, and compactly. Further, since it is determined by lottery which node is connected to the central supply source, a large number of nodes can be connected to the central supply source fairly when viewed in a certain period.

The switching method of the present invention is a switching method for switching between transmission and interruption of a consumption target between a central source of consumption target and a node, and includes a reception step for receiving a transmitted restriction parameter, and a reception step A lottery step for performing a lottery with a winning probability based on the received limit parameter, and, when winning in the lottery step, connecting a central source and a node so that a consumption object can be transmitted and / or a lottery step In the case of having been deselected, the system includes a switching step of disconnecting the connection between the central supply source and the node so that the consumption object cannot be transmitted.

Even with this configuration, since the connection / disconnection lottery is performed with the winning probability based on the restriction parameter, information on the plurality of nodes is collected in one place by executing such a switching method for each of the plurality of nodes. Centralized management such as instructing connection / disconnection to each node becomes unnecessary.

The demand supply method of the present invention is a demand supply management method for managing transmission of a consumption target in a demand supply balancing system including a plurality of switching systems respectively connected between a central supply source to be consumed and a plurality of nodes. A limiting parameter setting step for setting a limiting parameter based on a supply capacity to be consumed, and a transmission step for transmitting the limiting parameter set in the limiting parameter setting step to a plurality of switching systems. ing.

Even with this configuration, since the limit parameter based on the surplus supply capacity is uniformly transmitted to the plurality of switching systems, it is not necessary to individually instruct connection / disconnection for each of the plurality of switching systems, and the supply and demand can be reduced at low cost. Management can be realized.

The switching program of the present invention includes a reception step of receiving a restriction parameter transmitted to a computer of a switching system connected between a central source to be consumed and a node, and a restriction received in the reception step. A lottery step for lottery with a winning probability based on the parameters, and when winning in the lottery step, connect the central source and the node so that the consumption object can be transmitted and / or lost in the lottery step In this case, a switching step of disconnecting the connection between the central supply source and the node is performed so that the consumption target cannot be transmitted.

Even with this configuration, since the connection / disconnection lottery is performed with the winning probability based on the restriction parameter, by executing such a switching method on a plurality of nodes, information on the plurality of nodes is collected in one place, Centralized management such as instructing nodes to connect / disconnect individually becomes unnecessary.

The demand supply management program of the present invention includes a plurality of switching systems respectively connected between a central supply source to be consumed and a plurality of nodes, and a computer of the demand supply management system for configuring a demand supply balancing system. It has a configuration for executing a limit parameter setting step for setting a limit parameter based on a supply capacity to be consumed, and a transmission step for transmitting the limit parameter set in the limit parameter setting step to a plurality of switching systems. Yes.

Even with this configuration, since the limiting parameter based on the supply capacity of the central source is uniformly transmitted to the plurality of switching systems, it is not necessary to individually instruct connection / disconnection for each of the plurality of switching systems. It is possible to control the amount of transmission for consumption.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a demand supply balancing system according to a first embodiment of this invention. In the present embodiment, the consumption target is power, the central supply source is a power source that supplies power that is the consumption target to the node, the node is the consumption point that consumes the power that is the consumption target, and demand supply balancing The case where the system is a consumption control system that supplies power to a plurality of nodes according to the supply capacity of the power source will be described. In the present embodiment, more specifically, the power source is a power plant, and the consumption point is a power consuming device such as an electric vehicle or a power distribution device that distributes power to a plurality of power consuming devices. In the present application, “consumption” of electric power does not necessarily mean that electric power is converted into other forms of energy. For example, electric power from a power source can be received to charge an electric vehicle battery. This is called “consumption” of electricity.

As shown in FIG. 1, a demand supply balancing system 100 includes a power source 10 as a central supply source, a demand supply management system 20, a plurality of switching systems (Automated Demand Response devices) 30, a plurality of Power consumption device 40 as a node and a plurality of fee counters 50. In FIG. 1, a solid line indicates a power supply electric wire (hereinafter simply referred to as “electric wire”), and a dotted line indicates a signal transmission path (hereinafter referred to as “communication path”). Each of the plurality of power consuming devices 40 is connected to the power source 10 via an electric wire, and receives power supplied from the power source 10 to consume power.

The demand supply balancing system 100 according to the present embodiment includes a switching system 30 that supplies or cuts power from the power source 10 to the power consuming device 40 on the electric wire between the power source 10 and the power consuming device 40. It is characteristic that the switching system 30 is interposed, but it is not necessary to intervene the switching system 30 for all the power consuming devices 40, and the power source 10 is connected to the power source 10 without the switching system 30 to supply power. There may be a power consuming device 40 that receives power, or there may be a power consuming device 40 that receives power from the power source 10 via a switching system that operates with another algorithm.

As shown in FIG. 1, a distribution device 60 that is interposed between a plurality of power consuming devices 40 and a power source 30 and distributes the power of the power source 30 to the plurality of power consuming devices 40 as a consumption point. The switching system 30 may be provided between the power distribution device 60 and the power source 30. In FIG. 1, two power consuming devices 40 and one power distribution device 60 are connected to the power source 10 through the switching system 30, and one power consuming device 40 is connected to the power source 10 without going through the switching system 30. It is connected. Further, the power distribution device 60 is provided in the building, for example, in a building. In this case, the plurality of power consuming devices 40 connected to the power distribution device 60 are power consuming devices used in the building.

The power consuming device 40 is an electrical appliance that operates by consuming power, such as an electric vehicle. As power consumption in the electrical appliance, for example, charging performed in an electric vehicle is assumed. The switching system 30 is, for example, a device that is connected to a household outlet. When the switching system 30 is a device connected to a household outlet, the power consuming device 40 is further connected to the switching system 30 to connect the power consuming device 40 via the switching system 30 as shown in FIG. Can be connected to the power source 10.

The charge counter 50 calculates a power consumption charge based on the power supplied in the electric wire connected to the power consuming device 40. The power consumption charge is obtained by multiplying the unit price of the power charge by the amount of power consumed.

The power source 10 is a power source that can change the power that can be supplied, and may be, for example, a power plant or a storage battery that is charged at an appropriate timing. The demand / supply management system 20 inputs the power supplied to the plurality of power consuming devices 40 in the electric wire connected to the power source 10 as the “consumption amount” of the power, and the maximum power that can be supplied from the power source 10. The power (supply limit) is input as the “supply capacity” of power, and the supply capacity is obtained from the difference between the target value and the amount of consumption with the supply capacity as a target value. Note that the target value may be set as a value that secures a margin with respect to the supply capability. For example, target value = 0.9 × supply capability may be set.

The demand supply management system 20 includes a transmission unit that performs wireless transmission. The switching system 30 includes a reception unit that performs wireless reception, and can receive a signal transmitted from the transmission unit of the demand supply management system 20. For communication between the demand supply management system 20 and the switching system 30, a public line such as a mobile phone line may be used for at least a part thereof, and an Internet network may be used. The communication between the demand supply management system 20 and the switching system 30 may be partly wired communication, partly wireless communication, all wired communication, and all wireless communication. The distribution from the demand supply management system 20 to the plurality of switching systems 30 may be performed by radio waves or may be performed using power line communication.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the demand supply management system 20 according to the first embodiment of this invention. The demand supply management system 20 includes a limit parameter setting unit 21 that sets a limit parameter based on the supply capacity to be consumed in the power source 10, and a transmission unit 22 that transmits the limit parameter set by the limit parameter setting unit 21. It has.

The restriction parameter setting unit 21 sets restriction parameters based on supply capacity and consumption. As described above, this supply capability is the amount of power that can be supplied from the power source 10, and this information is acquired from the power source 10. When the supply capacity does not change and is constant, the fixed supply capacity may be stored in the restriction parameter setting unit 21. The consumed amount is the amount of power that is actually supplied from the power source 10 to the plurality of power consuming devices 40, and this information includes the current flowing through the electric wires connecting the power source 10 and the plurality of power consuming devices 40, and Obtained by monitoring the voltage.

The restriction parameter setting unit 21 uses the difference (SC) obtained by subtracting the consumption C from the supply capacity S as the supply capacity. As a modification, for example, the ratio (1-C / S) of the difference (SC) obtained by subtracting the consumption C from the supply capacity S to the supply capacity S may be used as the supply surplus capacity. In addition, the supply surplus capacity may be a value defined by another calculation as long as the supply capacity is large and the supply capacity is small as the consumption amount is small.

The limit parameter setting unit 21 sets a limit parameter according to the surplus supply capacity. Here, the limit parameter is a parameter used in each of the plurality of switching systems 30 in order to limit the total amount of power consumed by the plurality of power consuming devices 40. Although various parameters can be adopted as the limiting parameter, in this embodiment, the winning probability (0 to 100%) that continuously decreases as the supply capacity becomes small is used as the limiting parameter. In short, the limit parameter setting unit 21 determines the winning probability based on the supply capacity and the consumption.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the supply surplus capacity and the winning probability that is the limiting parameter according to the first embodiment of this invention. In this embodiment, when the supply capacity is larger than the threshold t _a is the winning probability is 100%, when supply capacity is smaller than the threshold value t _a is continuously the winning probability as supply capacity decreases Make it smaller. When the supply surplus is 0, the winning probability is set to 0%. The winning probability may be set to 0% when the surplus supply capacity is from 0 to a predetermined value (the winning probability may be raised from 0% when the surplus supply capacity exceeds a predetermined value).

The transmitting unit 22 wirelessly transmits the limiting parameter set by the limiting parameter setting unit 21 to the plurality of switching systems 30. At this time, the restriction parameter is wirelessly transmitted from the demand / supply management system 20 by a wireless communication method using the antenna 23. In addition, different restriction parameters are not individually transmitted to the plurality of switching systems 30, but the restriction parameters set by the restriction parameter setting unit 21 are uniformly transmitted (distributed) to the plurality of switching systems 30. . As a result, the plurality of switching systems 30 receive the same restriction parameter at the same timing.

The restriction parameter setting unit 21 may output a control signal (restriction release signal) indicating that power consumption is not restricted when the winning probability is 100%, and when the winning probability is 0%, A control signal (consumption prohibition signal) for prohibiting power consumption may be output, and the transmission unit 22 may transmit such a control signal to the plurality of switching systems 30.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the switching system according to the first embodiment of this invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the switching system 30 includes an antenna 31, a receiving unit 32, a lottery unit 33, a switching unit 34, an adjustment coefficient setting unit 35, and a contract information generation unit 36. The receiving unit 32 uses the antenna 31 to receive the restriction parameter transmitted wirelessly from the demand supply management system 20. The restriction parameter received by the receiving unit 32 is output to the lottery unit 33 and the contract information generation unit 36.

The lottery unit 33 performs a lottery with a winning probability based on the restriction parameters. In the present embodiment, since the winning probability itself is transmitted from the demand supply management system 20 as a limiting parameter, the lottery unit 33 basically performs lottery according to the winning probability as the control parameter.

In the switching system 30 of the present embodiment, the winning probability can be adjusted according to the control parameter. The adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 sets an adjustment coefficient for adjusting the winning probability according to the control parameter. The adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 may automatically set the adjustment coefficient according to various conditions according to a predetermined program, or may set the adjustment coefficient according to a user operation.

When the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 automatically sets the adjustment coefficient, for example, when the winning probability as the restriction parameter transmitted from the demand supply management system 20 is lower than a predetermined lower limit value, the winning probability is set. An adjustment factor that lowers (or 0%) may be set, and when the winning probability as the limiting parameter transmitted from the cost management system 20 is higher than a predetermined upper limit value, the winning probability is set higher. You may set the adjustment coefficient (or 100%). As will be described later, when the winning probability is low, the unit price of the consumption charge is high, and when the winning probability is high, the unit price of the consumption charge is low.By automatically setting the adjustment factor as described above, the unit price The probability of winning when the price is high can be lowered, and the probability of winning when the unit price is relatively low can be increased.

In order to set the adjustment coefficient according to the user's operation, the switching system 30 may be provided with a dial operated by the user for setting the adjustment coefficient as the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35. For example, if the user wants to consume power preferentially regardless of the unit price, he sets an adjustment coefficient that increases the winning probability, and conversely places importance on the unit price without regard to the timing of power consumption. In some cases, an adjustment coefficient can be arbitrarily set, such as setting an adjustment coefficient that lowers the winning probability.

Further, the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 may include a clock, and the adjustment coefficient designated by the user may be set at the time designated by the user. Further, the user sets a time at which charging should be completed at the latest or a time at which charging should be started at the latest (referred to as “target time” together) at the latest, and charging is performed at the target time. The adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 may automatically set the adjustment coefficient so that the charging is completed or charging is started. In this case, if you do not win even if you automatically set the adjustment factor toward the target time, you can set the adjustment factor so that the winning probability is finally 100%. Charging completion or charging start may be realized, and the adjustment coefficient may be set so that the winning probability becomes 100% when the winning probability becomes high (when the unit price becomes low).

The adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 when setting the adjustment coefficient so that the winning probability is 100% turns off the lottery function by the lottery unit 33 or regardless of the lottery result by the lottery unit 33. The switching unit 34 is controlled so as to be always connected, and when the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 sets the adjustment coefficient so that the winning probability is 0%, the adjustment coefficient setting unit 235 is the lottery unit 33. The switching unit 34 is controlled so that the lottery function is always turned off, regardless of whether the lottery function is turned off or regardless of the lottery result by the lottery unit 33. Therefore, the switching system 30 turns off the lottery function by the lottery unit 33 instead of the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35, or connects or disconnects the switching unit 34 regardless of the lottery result by the lottery unit 33. It may have a function.

The lottery unit 33 performs a lottery according to the winning probability according to the restriction parameter (the adjusted winning probability when adjusted by the adjustment coefficient). The result of the lottery is a win or a loss. The lottery unit 33 outputs the lottery result to the switching unit 34. The lottery unit 33 outputs the signal directly to the switching unit 34 when the receiving unit 32 receives the restriction release signal and the consumption prohibition signal from the demand supply management system 20.

The switching unit 34 is connected to the power source 10 by the electric wire L1, and is connected to the power consuming device 40 by the electric wire L2. When the lottery result from the lottery unit 33 is a win and the switching unit 34 receives a restriction release signal from the lottery unit 33, the switching unit 34 connects the electric wire L1 and the electric wire L2 and receives the electric power received from the power source 10. When the lottery result is supplied from the lottery unit 33 and the lottery unit 33 receives a consumption prohibition signal, the electric wire L1 and the electric wire L2 are disconnected from the electric power source 10 The supply of the received power to the power consuming device 40 is cut off.

The switching unit 34 cuts off the power supply to the power consuming device 40 only when a result of a loss or a consumption prohibition signal is input from the lottery unit 33, and supplies power to the power consuming device 40 at other times. Conversely, power is supplied to the power consuming device 40 only when a winning result or a restriction release signal is input from the lottery unit 33, and in other cases, power is supplied to the power consuming device 40. The supply may be cut off.

The contract information generation unit 36 generates contract information including the time when power is supplied and the restriction parameter at that time, and outputs the contract information to the charge counter 50. As described above, the charge counter 50 calculates the power consumption fee based on the contract information. This consumption fee is consumed by the unit price of the power charge (charge per unit power amount) at the time when the power supply is performed. It is obtained by multiplying the amount of electric power. The unit price of the power rate is determined based on the supply capacity. In the present embodiment, since the surplus supply capacity is reflected in the restriction parameter, the charge counter 50 determines the unit price according to the restriction parameter acquired from the switching system 30 as the contract information.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the unit price of power charges and the supply capacity in the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the unit price of the power rate increases stepwise as the supply capacity decreases. When the surplus supply capacity is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value t _b , a normal charge is applied. The fee counter 50 stores a table corresponding to the graph of FIG. As described above, since the unit price of the power rate changes according to the surplus supply capacity, the demand supply balancing system 100 of the present embodiment can also be called a real-time pricing system. In the example of FIG. 1, the fee counter 50 is provided for each power consuming device 40, but one fee counter 50 may calculate the consumption fee for each of the plurality of power consuming devices 40. The charge counter 50 accumulates consumption charges for a predetermined period (for example, one month), and determines the amount charged for the power charge for the period.

In addition, when the surplus supply power changes while the switching system 30 is elected and is receiving power supply, and the unit price of the power charge fluctuates accordingly, the consumption charge is It is calculated based on a certain rule in consideration of the unit price of the electric power charge. According to this rule, for example, even when electrification is started when power unit price is low, the unit price of power rate increases immediately after that, and when it is reflected in the rate, the unit price of power rate is low Sometimes it won't be a merit for the elected consumer, but if you keep using the unit price of the electricity rate at the time of the election, you will be elected when the unit price of the electricity rate is low, Is determined in consideration of the possibility of being consumed.

The unit price of the electricity charge may or may not correspond to the restriction parameter. That is, the threshold value t _{b of the} surplus supply capacity that is a normal charge and the winning probability is 100%, or the surplus supply capacity t _a that generates the restriction release signal may or may not match. In addition, FIG. 5 shows an example in which the unit price of the power rate changes stepwise, but it may be increased continuously as the supply capacity becomes smaller.

In the above-described first embodiment, the consumption fee is calculated in the fee counter 50. However, the function of the fee counter 50 may be provided in the switching system 30 and the fee may be calculated in the switching system 30. .

As described above, according to the demand and supply balancing system 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention, the winning probability of the lottery in each switching system 30 is determined based on the supply capacity of the power source 10. The total power consumption in the plurality of power consuming devices 40 can be controlled according to the 10 surplus supply capacity. In addition, in order to control the total power consumption, there is no need to instruct whether to supply power to each of the plurality of power consuming devices 40 or to cut off, and the demand supply management system 20 The parameters may be uniformly distributed to a plurality of switching systems 30. In addition, each switching system 30 does not need to notify the demand supply management system 20 of the power demand, and does not have to include a transmission unit therefor. Therefore, the switching system 30 can be configured simply, inexpensively, and compactly.

Furthermore, since it is determined by lottery to which power consuming device 40 the power is to be supplied and consumed, the power can be supplied fairly to a large number of power consuming devices 40 over a long period of time. In addition, as the infrastructure, a demand / supply management system 20 including a control parameter setting unit 21 and a transmission unit 22 may be prepared, and each switching system 30 can be used by a user who wants to use the demand / supply balancing system 100. Since it is only necessary to prepare the device 40, the cost related to the infrastructure can be kept low.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, by setting the unit price of the electricity charge for each time zone and introducing a smart meter, the use of power in the time zone where supply capacity is tight is promoted, and the convenience of consumers Automatic demand response (Automated Demand Response) that does not impair the stability and stability of power supply can be realized at low cost.

Note that, as shown in FIG. 1, among the plurality of power consuming devices 40, there are also power consuming devices 40 in which the switching system 30 is not introduced, and it is impossible to predict how much power they consume. Therefore, even if the total power consumption in the power consuming device 40 connected to the switching system 30 can be controlled by setting the limiting parameter in the demand supply management system 20, the power consuming device that does not introduce the switching system 30 Depending on the power consumption by 40, the target value may be exceeded. However, in the demand supply management system 20, since the feedback control is performed based on all the power consumptions including the power consumption in the power consuming devices 40 in which such a switching system 30 is not introduced, the limit parameter is set. The power consumption is always controlled to converge to the target value.

Further, in the above embodiment, the power consuming device 40 and the switching system 30 are separate bodies, but they may be configured integrally. That is, the function of the switching system 30 may be provided in the power consuming device 40.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of the demand supply balancing system according to the second embodiment of this invention. Also in the present embodiment, a supply and demand balancing system in which the consumption target is power and the consumption point is a power consuming device will be described as an example. In the demand / supply balancing system 101 of FIG. 6, the description of the same configuration as that of the demand / supply balancing system 100 of FIG. 1 is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6, the demand / supply balancing system 101 includes a demand / supply management system 20, a plurality of switching systems 30, and a plurality of power consuming devices 40 connected to each switching system 30. The demand supply balancing system 101 is configured in, for example, a building that has a contract with an electric power company for an upper limit of power consumption. That is, the demand supply balancing system 101 of the present embodiment is not the supply capability of the power source 10, but the upper limit (hereinafter, referred to as a contract for power consumption within a predetermined range). (Hereinafter referred to as “contract power”), and the supply capacity is determined based on this target value and the total power consumed in the system (hereinafter referred to as “in-system power consumption”). In this system, the power consumption in the system is controlled so as not to exceed the target value. Note that the target value may be set as a value that secures a margin for the contract power, for example, target value = 0.9 × contract power.

For this reason, information on contract power and information on power consumption in the system is input to the demand supply management system 20. In the limit parameter setting unit 21 of the demand supply management system 20, instead of setting the limit parameters based on the supply capacity and the consumption amount in the first embodiment, the contract power and the in-system power consumption are the same method. Based on the volume, the supply capacity is determined and the limiting parameter is set.

In the present embodiment, all the power consuming devices 40 in the system may be connected to the power source 10 via the switching system 30, for example, charging stations of a plurality of electric vehicles installed in a parking lot You may install the switching system 30 only in each.

This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in which the introduction of the switching system 30 for restricting power consumption is promoted by increasing the unit price of the power charge when the supply capacity is imminent. It is assumed that there is no fluctuation in the unit price of the power rate according to the supply capacity. Therefore, unlike the first embodiment, the unit price of the electricity charge is constant, but the point that the power consumption in each power consuming device 40 is restricted when the switching system 30 is deselected is the first embodiment. It is the same.

Thus, according to the demand supply balancing system 101 of the present embodiment, since the winning probability of the lottery in each switching system 30 is determined based on the supply capacity for the contract power, a plurality of power consumptions are determined according to the supply capacity. The total power consumption in the device 40 can be controlled so as not to exceed the contract power. In addition, in order to control the total power consumption, there is no need to instruct whether to supply power to each of the plurality of power consuming devices 40 or to cut off, and the demand supply management system 20 The parameters may be uniformly distributed to a plurality of switching systems 30. In addition, each switching system 30 does not need to notify the demand supply management system 20 of the power demand, and does not have to include a transmission unit therefor. Therefore, the switching system 30 can be configured simply, inexpensively, and compactly.

Furthermore, since it is determined by lottery to which power consuming device 40 the power is to be supplied and consumed, the power can be supplied fairly to a large number of power consuming devices 40 over a long period of time. In addition, as an infrastructure, a demand supply management system including a control parameter setting unit 21 and a transmission unit 22 may be prepared, and a switching system 30 may be prepared for each power consuming device 40 that may restrict power supply. Because it is good, the cost related to infrastructure can be kept low.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the switching system according to the third embodiment of this invention. In the switching system 300 of FIG. 7, the same components as those of the switching system 30 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

The switching system 300 according to the present embodiment includes a mobile terminal 301 and a switching device 302. The receiving unit 32, the lottery unit 33, and the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 in the switching system 30 of the first embodiment are provided in the portable terminal 301, and the configuration of the switching unit 34 in the switching system 30 of the first embodiment. Is provided in the switching device 302.

The portable terminal 301 is a computer that can install and use various application programs. The portable terminal 301 of the present embodiment is installed with the lottery unit 33 and adjustment coefficient setting by installing the switching program of the present embodiment. The function of the unit 35 is realized. The switching device 302 is connected to an electric wire between the power source 10 and the power consuming device 40, similarly to the switching system 30 of the first embodiment. Therefore, the power consuming device 40 is connected to the power source 10 via the switching device 302 with an electric wire.

The portable terminal 301 includes a transmission unit 37 that performs wireless communication using the antenna 38a, and the switching device 302 includes a reception unit 39 that performs wireless reception using the antenna 38b. The transmission unit 37 of the portable terminal 301 transmits information on the result of the lottery in the lottery unit 33, a restriction release signal, and a consumption prohibition signal to the switching device 302. The receiving unit 39 of the switching device 302 receives the lottery result information, the restriction release signal, and the consumption prohibition signal, and the switching unit 34 receives the electric power source 10 by connecting the electric wire L1 and the electric wire L2 in accordance with them. The power is supplied to the power consuming device 40 or the connection between the electric wire L1 and the electric wire L2 is cut, and the supply of the electric power received from the power source 10 to the power consuming device 40 is cut off.

According to the present embodiment, the configuration of the lottery unit 33, the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35, and the like can be realized by installing the application program in a general-purpose computer with a simple configuration of the switching device 302.

(Fourth embodiment)
In the first to third embodiments, a node is a consumption point where a consumption target is consumed (more specifically, a power consuming device such as an electric vehicle that consumes power), and the demand supply balancing system 100 is a central supply source. Although the case where it is a system which supplies a consumption object to a some node according to the supply surplus of this was demonstrated, a demand supply balancing system is not restricted to this. The demand-supply balancing system of the present embodiment is a system that provides consumption targets to a central supply source from a plurality of nodes when the supply capacity of the consumption target is insufficient in the central supply source.

In the demand supply balancing system of the present embodiment, the node described in the above embodiment is not a consumption point of a consumption target, but a small supply source that provides a consumption target to a central supply source. When the consumption target is electric power, a power storage device such as a storage battery of an electric vehicle or a storage battery that stores electric power obtained by solar power generation can be a small-scale supply source.

In addition, when the amount of stored electricity is small and needs to be charged, such as a storage battery of an electric vehicle, the consumption point described in the above embodiment is used, and when the amount of stored electricity is sufficient and electric power can be provided, There may be nodes that can be a small source. In this case, the node is connected to the central supply source and the node through different connection paths (electric wires) depending on whether the node is a consumption point or a small-scale supply source. However, the switching system may have the same configuration when power is consumed at the node and when power is supplied from the node. That is, the switching system only needs to have a configuration in which lottery is performed based on the restriction parameter received from the demand supply management system, and connection and disconnection between the central supply source and the node are switched.

Even when the demand-supply balancing system is applied as a provision control system, the demand-supply management system does not need to collect information about each of the small-scale supply sources that are a plurality of nodes. Since it is only necessary to distribute the restriction parameter corresponding to the plurality of switching systems, the cost related to the infrastructure can be suppressed.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a demand supply balancing system when power is supplied from a power storage device as a small-scale supply source to a central supply source. As shown in FIG. 8, the demand supply balancing system 102 includes a power source 10 as a central supply source, a demand supply management system 20, a plurality of switching systems 30, a storage battery 70 as a plurality of power storage devices, and a plurality of storage devices. It consists of the generator 80 as a power generator. Also in FIG. 8, as in FIG. 1, the solid line indicates an electric wire, and the dotted line indicates a communication path. Each of the plurality of storage batteries 70 is connected to the power source 10 by an electric wire on the one hand, and connected to the generator 80 on the other hand, and stores the power generated by the generator 80 and uses the stored power as power. Supply to source 10. Note that the power storage device may be any device other than a storage battery having a power storage function.

In the demand supply balancing system 102 of the present embodiment, the switching system 30 that supplies power to the power source 10 or shuts off the power from the storage battery 70 is interposed in the electric wire between the power source 10 and the storage battery 70. Although it is a characteristic, it is not necessary to interpose this switching system 30 with respect to all the storage batteries 70, and although not shown in FIG. 8, it is connected to the power source 10 without passing through the switching system 30, and power is supplied to the power source 10. Or a storage battery 70 that supplies power to the power source 10 via a switching system that operates with another algorithm.

The generator 80 is a solar panel that is installed in a home, for example, and converts solar energy into electric power. The electric power generated by the generator 80 is accumulated in the storage battery 70 and used at home, but the user can provide surplus electric power to the electric power source 10 for a fee (power sale).

The power source 10 purchases the electric power generated by each generator 80 and stored in the storage battery 70. For this purpose, the demand supply management system 20 has the configuration shown in FIG. Then, the surplus supply capacity is obtained from the consumption amount and the supply capacity, and the limit parameter is set based on the surplus supply capacity. Specifically, the demand sharing system 20 sets a limiting parameter that increases the winning probability as the supply capacity is smaller.

The switching system 30 has the configuration shown in FIG. However, in this Embodiment, the switching part 34 is connected with the electric power source 10 via the electric wire L1, and is connected with the storage battery 70 via the electric wire L2. The user can use the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 to adjust the winning probability so that it is easy to sell power even when the purchase price of power is low (supply margin is large). It is also possible to adjust the winning probability so that it is difficult to sell power when the purchase price is low.

In the above embodiment, the limit parameter (winning probability) is continuously changed according to the surplus supply capacity. However, the limit parameter may be changed stepwise according to the surplus supply capacity.

In the above-described embodiment, the winning probability is transmitted from the demand supply management system 20 to the plurality of switching systems 30 as the limiting parameter. However, the limiting parameter is not limited to the winning probability, for example, a value indicating a surplus supply capacity, a surplus supply capacity It may be a unit price of a power charge that varies depending on In this case, the lottery unit 33 of the switching system 30 obtains the winning probability based on those restriction parameters, and performs the lottery after adjusting the adjustment coefficient as necessary. For this purpose, the lottery unit 33 stores a table that defines the relationship between the limit parameter and the winning probability, and the lottery unit 33 refers to this table and converts the limit parameter into a winning probability.

Further, in the switching system 30, the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 may have a condition setting function. The adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 having a condition setting function connects or disconnects the switching unit 34 based on the lottery only when the unit price of power satisfies a predetermined condition. When the restriction parameter reflects the price to be consumed, the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 can determine whether the unit price to be consumed satisfies a predetermined condition based on the restriction parameter. For example, when the node is a consumption part, the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 connects or disconnects the switching unit 34 based on the lottery only when the unit price (buy price) to be consumed is lower than a predetermined price. However, when the node is a small-scale supply source, the switching unit 34 may be connected or disconnected based on the lottery only when the unit price (sale price) to be consumed is higher than a predetermined price.

Further, the adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 having a condition setting function may set the winning probability to 100% when a predetermined condition is satisfied, and may set the winning probability to 0% when the predetermined condition is not satisfied. Such an adjustment coefficient setting unit 35 connects the switch unit 34 when a predetermined condition is satisfied, and disconnects the switch unit 34 when the predetermined condition is not satisfied.

As described above, in this specification, “node” is a generic term for a consumption point that consumes a consumption target supplied from a central supply source and a small-scale supply source that supplies a consumption target to a central supply source. is there. In this specification, the term “user” refers to a user of a node, and is therefore a generic term for a person who consumes a consumption target supplied from a central supply source and a person who supplies a consumption target to a central supply source. . Further, in this specification, “small scale” of “small source” does not necessarily require that the source is small, but is a central source that is often smaller than the central source. It is used to distinguish other sources from the central source.

100, 101, 102 Demand supply balancing system 10 Power source 20 Demand supply management system 21 Restriction parameter setting unit 22 Transmitting unit 23 Antenna 30 Switching system 31 Antenna 32 Receiving unit 33 Lottery unit 34 Switching unit 35 Adjustment coefficient setting unit 36 Contract information generation Unit 37 transmitting unit 38a, 38b antenna 39 receiving unit 40 power consuming device 50 charge counter 301 portable terminal 302 switching device L1, L2 electric wire

Claims (19)

1. A limit parameter setting unit for setting a limit parameter based on the supply capacity for consumption,
   A transmission unit for transmitting the restriction parameter set by the restriction parameter setting unit;
   A plurality of switching systems respectively connected between the central source to be consumed and a plurality of nodes;
   With
   Each of the plurality of switching systems is
   A receiving unit that receives the restriction parameter transmitted by the transmitting unit;
   A lottery unit for performing a lottery with a winning probability based on the restriction parameter received by the receiving unit;
   When the lottery unit wins, the central supply source and the node are connected so that the consumption target can be transmitted, and / or when the lottery unit is lost, the consumption target is A switch unit that disconnects the central source and the node so that transmission is impossible;
   A supply and demand balancing system characterized by comprising:
2. The node is a consumption point that consumes the consumption object,
   The demand supply balancing system according to claim 1, wherein the consumption target is transmitted from the central supply source to the node by connecting the central supply source and the node by the switch unit.
3. The consumption object is electric power,
   The demand / supply balancing system according to claim 2, wherein the consumption part is a power consuming device.
4. The node is a small source providing the consumption object;
   The consumption object is transmitted from the small-scale supply source to the central supply source by the switch unit connecting the central supply source and the small-scale supply source. Demand supply balancing system.
5. The consumption object is electric power,
   The demand supply balancing system according to claim 4, wherein the small-scale supply source is a power storage device.
6. The demand supply balancing system according to claim 1, wherein the unit price of the consumption target charge is determined based on the supply capacity of the central supply source.
7. The switching system further includes an adjustment coefficient setting unit for setting an adjustment coefficient,
   The demand / supply balancing system according to claim 1, wherein the winning probability is adjusted based on the adjustment coefficient set by the adjustment coefficient setting unit.
8. The demand and supply balancing system according to claim 7, wherein the adjustment coefficient setting unit sets the adjustment coefficient based on a user operation.
9. The demand supply balancing system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the limit parameter setting unit sets the limit parameter such that the winning probability decreases as the supply capacity decreases.
10. The demand supply balancing system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the limit parameter setting unit sets the limit parameter such that the winning probability increases as the supply capacity decreases.
11. The demand supply balancing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a central supply source to be consumed.
12. A switching system connected between a central source for consumption and a node,
    A receiving unit for receiving the transmitted limit parameter;
    A lottery unit for performing a lottery with a winning probability based on the restriction parameter received by the receiving unit;
    When the lottery unit wins, the central supply source and the node are connected so that the consumption target can be transmitted, and / or when the lottery unit is lost, the consumption target is A switch unit that disconnects the central source and the node so that transmission is impossible;
    A switching system comprising:
13. A demand supply management system for configuring a demand supply balancing system together with a plurality of switching systems respectively connected between a central supply source to be consumed and a plurality of nodes,
    A limit parameter setting unit for setting a limit parameter based on the supply capacity of the consumption target in the central supply source;
    A transmission unit configured to transmit the restriction parameter set by the restriction parameter setting unit to the plurality of switching systems;
    A supply and demand management system characterized by comprising:
14. To the device that can communicate with the switch unit that is connected between the central source of consumption and the node,
    A receiving step for receiving the transmitted limit parameters;
    A lottery step for performing a lottery with a winning probability based on the restriction parameter received in the receiving step;
    When the lottery unit wins, the central supply source and the node are connected so that the consumption target can be transmitted, and / or when the lottery unit is lost, the consumption target is A control step of transmitting a control signal for controlling the switch unit to disconnect the connection between the central supply source and the node so that transmission is impossible;
    Switching program to execute
15. A limit parameter setting step for setting a limit parameter based on the supply capacity for consumption,
    A transmission step of transmitting the restriction parameter set in the restriction parameter setting step;
    In each of a plurality of switching systems each connected between the central source to be consumed and a plurality of nodes,
    A receiving step for receiving the restriction parameter transmitted in the transmitting step;
    A lottery step for performing a lottery with a winning probability based on the restriction parameter received in the receiving step;
    When winning in the lottery step, the central supply source and the node are connected so that the consumption target can be transmitted, and / or when the selection is lost in the lottery step, the consumption target is A switching step of disconnecting the central source and the node so that transmission is impossible;
    A supply and demand balancing method comprising:
16. A switching method for switching between transmission and interruption of a consumption target between a central source of consumption target and a node,
    A receiving step for receiving the transmitted limit parameters;
    A lottery step for performing a lottery with a winning probability based on the restriction parameter received in the receiving step;
    When winning in the lottery step, the central supply source and the node are connected so that the consumption target can be transmitted, and / or when the selection is lost in the lottery step, the consumption target is A switching step of disconnecting the central source and the node so that transmission is impossible;
    The switching method characterized by including.
17. A demand supply management method for managing transmission of a consumption target in a demand supply balancing system including a plurality of switching systems respectively connected between a central supply source for consumption and a plurality of nodes,
    A limit parameter setting step for setting a limit parameter based on the supply capacity of the consumption target;
    A transmission step of transmitting the restriction parameter set in the restriction parameter setting step to the plurality of switching systems;
    A supply and demand management method characterized by comprising:
18. To the computer of the switching system used connected between the central source of consumption and the node,
    A receiving step for receiving the transmitted limit parameters;
    A lottery step for performing a lottery with a winning probability based on the restriction parameter received in the receiving step;
    When winning in the lottery step, the central supply source and the node are connected so that the consumption target can be transmitted, and / or when the selection is lost in the lottery step, the consumption target is A switching step of disconnecting the central source and the node so that transmission is impossible;
    Switching program to execute
19. A demand supply management system computer for configuring a demand supply balancing system together with a plurality of switching systems respectively connected between a central supply source to be consumed and a plurality of nodes,
    A limit parameter setting step for setting a limit parameter based on the supply capacity of the consumption target;
    A transmission step of transmitting the restriction parameter set in the restriction parameter setting step to the plurality of switching systems;
    Supply and demand management program to execute.

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