WO2015077639A1 - Transpondeur d'état associé à un luminaire - Google Patents

Transpondeur d'état associé à un luminaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015077639A1
WO2015077639A1 PCT/US2014/066942 US2014066942W WO2015077639A1 WO 2015077639 A1 WO2015077639 A1 WO 2015077639A1 US 2014066942 W US2014066942 W US 2014066942W WO 2015077639 A1 WO2015077639 A1 WO 2015077639A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powerline
transponder
response
interrogation
addressable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2014/066942
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bruce Gordon Barnett
John Erik Hershey
Michael Joseph Dell'anno
Stanislava Soro
Michael James Hartman
Original Assignee
General Electric Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US14/546,408 external-priority patent/US20150142359A1/en
Application filed by General Electric Company filed Critical General Electric Company
Publication of WO2015077639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015077639A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/544—Setting up communications; Call and signalling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
    • H05B47/185—Controlling the light source by remote control via power line carrier transmission

Definitions

  • An interrogation device configured to send interrogation signals to one or more addressable transponders using a common powerline for transmissions.
  • the distance between the interrogating device and the addressable transponder is determined by measuring the time to receive a response from the addressable transponder following its interrogation.
  • the interrogation and response signaling are carried on the common powerline.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the segmentation of a lighting fixture according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a linear installation of lighting fixtures according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a more topographically complex installation of lighting fixtures according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates adding an additional interrogator unit according to one embodiment.
  • the location and health and operational status of individual street lamps is important to many infrastructure owners and operators. Many urban utilities rely on databases maintained by their lighting control system operations center for recording the locations of their lighting control system assets. These assets may include individual luminaires and their luminaire associates. Luminaire associates comprise controls and connections that interface with the luminaires with the powerline. These databases help the infrastructure owners and operators manage their operations. These operations include planning for street lighting augmentation, maintenance, asset relocation, and controls. Other functions that depend on knowing the accurate location of individual street lamps include billing, inventory auditing, and maintenance recordation. This application teaches a method, system, and devices for aiding the lighting control system operations center in keeping its databases current and correct.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the 100 comprises a lamp or luminaire 110, supported by a luminaire associate 120.
  • the luminaire associate 120 comprises electronic components, electrical circuitry, and mechanical couplings associated with the mounting and control of the luminaire 110.
  • the luminaire associate 120 may be mounted atop a pole 130 that also provides a conduit for the powerline 140 serving the luminaire associate 120 and the luminaire 110.
  • one or more interrogation devices are coupled to the powerline 140 that is common to a plurality of individual lighting fixture 100.
  • An interrogation signal is placed on the powerline 140 by an interrogator device and travels to an addressed transponder.
  • the lighting fixtures 100 may contain addressable
  • transponders The transponder that is addressed transponds by placing a response signal on the powerline 140.
  • the interrogator device measures the time to receive the response signal and estimates the distance from the interrogator to the transponder.
  • the speed of signal propagation on the powerline 140 is a significant fraction of the speed of light in free space, the speed of signal propagation on the powerline is dependent on many parameters. It may be therefore advisable to occasionally measure the speed of signal propagation on the powerline 140 in order to validate or improve the estimation of distance. This may be done in several ways. By way of example, this may be done by measuring the time it takes after an interrogator unit sends the interrogation signal until and a response is received by a fixed reference transponder, a transponder whose position is known and invariant. Then that time is divided by two because of the round trip time of signal propagation.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a linear installation of lighting fixtures 201-205 each configured similarly to lighting fixture 100 discussed in relation to FIG. 1.
  • Lighting fixtures 201-205 are connected to a common powerline 140 along with an interrogation unit 210.
  • the interrogation unit 210 contains computational hardware and software used in signal generation, transmission, reception and decoding.
  • Also illustrated in connected to common powerline 140 is a fixed reference responder 211.
  • the interrogator unit 210 places an interrogation signal on the power line 140 that is uniquely addressed to a transponder contained in either the fixed reference responder 211 or one of the luminaire associates 120.
  • the addressed transponder responds to the interrogator unit 210.
  • the addressed transponder may be a particular one of the luminaire associates 120 within lighting fixtures 201-205.
  • the interrogator unit 210 measures the time duration between sending an interrogation signal to a particular luminaire associate and receiving the receiving the response signal from that particular luminaire associate.
  • the interrogator may calculate the distance to the particular luminaire associate. In this manner, the interrogator unit 210 can discover the distances to the five lighting fixture 201-205 as displayed in Table 1.
  • FIG. 3 In FIG. 3 there is a power line branch 141 connected to power line 140. There are two lighting fixtures, 206 and 207, on power line branch 141. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3 the interrogation unit's distance to the seven lighting fixtures is discovered and displayed in Table 2. Lighting Distance to
  • the various lighting fixture distances to the interrogator unit 210 are not distinct.
  • lighting fixture 204 could have been swapped with lighting fixture 206 or lighting fixture 205 could have been swapped with lighting fixture 207 without provoking a difference in the values displayed in Table 2.
  • the lighting fixture positions are therefore not uniquely discoverable on the lighting fixture layout illustrated in FIG. 3 solely by the information in Table 2.
  • the individual lighting fixture positions may be made uniquely discoverable by using a plurality of interrogator units positioned at different points on the common powerline.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an additional interrogator unit 220 with connection to the power line branch 141 by the conductor 142.
  • Table 3 the distances from two interrogator units 210, 220 to the seven lighting fixtures is displayed in Table 3.
  • the individual lighting fixture positions may be made uniquely discoverable by using P interrogator units connected to the powerline at various points so that each P-tuple value of the lighting fixture distances from each position interrogator unit to each of the lighting fixtures on the common powerline are unique.
  • the response of a transponder located in a luminaire associate 120 of a lighting fixture may also report on the status of the of the luminaire 110 and the luminaire associate 120 of that lighting fixture.
  • One embodiment of this technique is to append the status information to the transponder response signal.
  • the status of a luminaire associate 120 may comprise data reporting on operationally important luminaire electrical parameters such as voltage, current, wattage, and real power, and other data including data characterizing the output of luminaire 110.
  • the status may also include a condition status placed in the luminaire associate 120 by a maintenance crew reporting on servicing details.
  • the distance between an interrogating unit and a transponder is estimated by the interrogating unit's sending an interrogation signal though a
  • the interrogating unit receives the transponder signal and uses the round trip time from interrogation signal transmission to reception of transponder response and the speed of signal propagation through the communication medium to estimate the distance between them. The accuracy of the estimated distance is dependent on the time-bandwidth characteristic of the signaling waveforms used by the interrogator and the transponder.
  • the distance of an interrogating unit to a transponder via a common powerline 140 may be estimated using signaling waveforms of sufficient time -bandwidth.
  • a problem with using a short-time very high bandwidth signal is that the powerline may not be capable of supporting signaling that has a very high bandwidth. Pulse compression signaling may be used to obviate this limitation.
  • Pulse compression is a technique well known in the art of signal design whereby a signal may be crafted to achieve a large time-bandwidth product by increasing the signaling time with concomitant maintenance of bandwidth.
  • a basic signal s(t) of period T-time units that has a power spectrum whose maximum significant frequency is at or below the maximum frequency that the powerline will support for signaling purposes.
  • a common technique is to build a signal s(t) by choosing a T-time units long segment of a sine wave having many periods.
  • the signal s(t) is then multiplied by a sequence of plus and minus ones such that an autocorrelation is created characterized by a sharp spike around the zero-offset point of the autocorrelation and low magnitude sidelobes.
  • the sequence of plus and minus ones and the segment of the sine wave of many periods may be aligned so that transition times of the sequence of plus and minus ones align with zero crossings of the segment of the sine wave of many periods.
  • the interrogation signal formed for this example may be built by
  • the addressed transponder then responds with a signal built by
  • This example signaling format may also appear as an interrogator unit addressing a transponder with an address of all zeros. Embodiments are envisioned that avoid this ambiguity by not allowing any transponder to be assigned an address of all zeros. [0027] If the addressed transponder is located in a fixed reference responder 211, the fixed reference transponder 211 ceases transponding after sending the above response as the fixed reference transponder 211 will not be reporting status.
  • the addressed transponder continues the above transmission by concatenating M periods, each of length T-time units, and each period comprising either s(t) or s(t) .
  • M bits inform the interrogator of one of 2 M conditions reportable by the luminaire associate where the addressed transponder is located.
  • more than one interrogation units 210 are connected to the common powerline 140.
  • a signaling protocol may be instituted to prevent any interrogation signaling and the responses that are generated from overlapping.
  • suitable candidate protocols including transmission sensing, collision avoidance, and non-overlapping time-based slots, with guard times as prudent, assigned to each interrogator unit.
  • An exemplary technical effect of the methods and systems described herein includes: (a) generating a melt pool based on the build parameters of the component; (b) detecting an optical signal generated by the melt pool to measure the size or the
  • Some embodiments involve the use of one or more electronic or computing devices.
  • Such devices typically include a processor or controller, such as, without limitation, a general purpose central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a microcontroller, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a
  • CPU general purpose central processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • RISC reduced instruction set computer
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • PLC programmable logic circuit
  • PLC programmable logic circuit
  • the methods described herein may be encoded as executable instructions embodied in a computer readable medium, including, without limitation, a storage device, and/or a memory device. Such instructions, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform at least a portion of the methods described herein.
  • the above examples are exemplary only, and thus are not intended to limit in any way the definition and/or meaning of the term processor.
  • Exemplary embodiments for enhancing the build parameters for making additive manufactured components are described above in detail.
  • the apparatus, systems, and methods are not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but rather, operations of the methods and components of the systems may be utilized independently and separately from other operations or components described herein.
  • the systems, methods, and apparatus described herein may have other industrial or consumer applications and are not limited to practice with electronic components as described herein. Rather, one or more embodiments may be implemented and utilized in connection with other industries.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne la surveillance d'une infrastructure d'éclairage de rues au moyen de dispositifs et de techniques de localisation permettant de localiser des éléments clés de l'infrastructure et d'évaluer l'état de ces derniers. L'intégrité des connexions de lignes électriques communes peut également être évaluée.
PCT/US2014/066942 2013-11-21 2014-11-21 Transpondeur d'état associé à un luminaire WO2015077639A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (20)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361907188P 2013-11-21 2013-11-21
US201361907210P 2013-11-21 2013-11-21
US201361907114P 2013-11-21 2013-11-21
US201361907133P 2013-11-21 2013-11-21
US201361907078P 2013-11-21 2013-11-21
US201361907168P 2013-11-21 2013-11-21
US201361907150P 2013-11-21 2013-11-21
US90709013P 2013-11-21 2013-11-21
US201361907069P 2013-11-21 2013-11-21
US61/907,210 2013-11-21
US61/907,150 2013-11-21
US61/907,168 2013-11-21
US61/907,078 2013-11-21
US61/907,114 2013-11-21
US61/907,133 2013-11-21
US61/907,188 2013-11-21
US61/907,069 2013-11-21
US60/907,090 2013-11-21
US14/546,408 US20150142359A1 (en) 2013-11-21 2014-11-18 Luminaire associate status transponder
US14/546,408 2014-11-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015077639A1 true WO2015077639A1 (fr) 2015-05-28

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2015077639A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080122642A1 (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-29 Radtke William O Power Line Communication and Power Distribution Parameter Measurement System and Method
WO2009148466A1 (fr) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-10 Relume Technologies, Inc. Système de commande de feu en réseau
US20110095867A1 (en) * 2009-04-28 2011-04-28 Rizwan Ahmad Remote monitoring and control of led based street lights
US8456325B1 (en) * 2010-06-25 2013-06-04 Tomar Electronics, Inc. Networked streetlight systems and related methods
US20130169468A1 (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Flir Systems, Inc. Radar system and related methods

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080122642A1 (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-29 Radtke William O Power Line Communication and Power Distribution Parameter Measurement System and Method
WO2009148466A1 (fr) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-10 Relume Technologies, Inc. Système de commande de feu en réseau
US20110095867A1 (en) * 2009-04-28 2011-04-28 Rizwan Ahmad Remote monitoring and control of led based street lights
US8456325B1 (en) * 2010-06-25 2013-06-04 Tomar Electronics, Inc. Networked streetlight systems and related methods
US20130169468A1 (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Flir Systems, Inc. Radar system and related methods

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