WO2014178702A1 - Bovine gynaecological exam simulator for diagnosis of the oestrous cycle - Google Patents

Bovine gynaecological exam simulator for diagnosis of the oestrous cycle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014178702A1
WO2014178702A1 PCT/MX2014/000067 MX2014000067W WO2014178702A1 WO 2014178702 A1 WO2014178702 A1 WO 2014178702A1 MX 2014000067 W MX2014000067 W MX 2014000067W WO 2014178702 A1 WO2014178702 A1 WO 2014178702A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bovine
diagnosis
gynecological examination
estrous cycle
cycle according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MX2014/000067
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabián GARCÍA ALVEAR
María del Pilar CORONA LIRA
Jesús Manuel DORADOR GONZÁLEZ
Billy Arturo FLORES MEDERO NAVARRO
Teodomiro Humberto ROMERO ANDRADE
Juan Ignacio PEREZ ESPIRITU
Manuel CALLEJAS CRUZ
Original Assignee
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México filed Critical Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Publication of WO2014178702A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014178702A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/36—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for zoology
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D17/00—Devices for indicating trouble during labour of animals ; Methods or instruments for detecting pregnancy-related states of animals
    • A61D17/002—Devices for indicating trouble during labour of animals ; Methods or instruments for detecting pregnancy-related states of animals for detecting period of heat of animals, i.e. for detecting oestrus

Definitions

  • the present invention is located in the field of didactic veterinary simulators, and more particularly, it is related to a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows veterinary students to practice the diagnosis of the estrous cycle by means of palpation of artificial or real organs.
  • Simulators in the area of veterinary medicine have been created for the same reasons as human simulators, to preserve patient safety and provide quality teaching to students, improving their clinical management skills. These simulators have been developed in order to avoid millions of animals slaughtered in surgical procedures around the world.
  • Rectal palpation is a physical method used for the exploration of the reproductive system of the bovine female, with which physiological states (ovarian functionality, time of the estrous cycle, pregnancy or without pregnancy), or pathological (endometritis, metritis, cysts, can be determined) ovarian, segmental aplasia, among others). Rectal palpation is the most used method for the diagnosis of the bovine estrous cycle, since it is the fastest, most accurate, effective and safe method that is currently known, as well as being the lowest cost method.
  • the domain of the pressures exerted on the bovine reproductive system is very important, since if these pressures are not adequate they can damage the bovine, causing cuts in the intestinal wall, alter the estrous cycle and even damage a possible offspring during pregnancy.
  • the rectal palpation procedure is a technique that within the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics of the UNAM has become complicated to perform, for several reasons.
  • a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows to imitate the sensory conditions that a veterinarian experiences during the bovine gynecological examination for diagnosis. of the estrous cycle by means of the rectal palpation method applied to a bovine female.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows simulations with artificial genital organs and real bovine genital organs.
  • Figure 1 shows a side view in longitudinal section of the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle of the present invention, where the frontal bovine carcass (101) which is fixed to the frontal base (102) can be seen. , the rear bovine housing (103) which is fixed to the rear base (104), and the anal opening (105).
  • Figure 2 shows a side view in longitudinal section of the posterior bovine carcass (103) of the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in the first embodiment of the present invention, where the posterior bovine carcass can be seen (103 ), the posterior base (104), the anal opening (5), the pelvic structure (106), the internal supports (107), the rotary device of ovaries (108) in an upright position, the artificial ovaries (109), the stepper motor (1 10), pressure ring (1), solenoid valve (1 12), pressure sensor (3) and pump (1 14).
  • Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional side view of the posterior bovine carcass (103) of the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in the second embodiment of the present invention, where the posterior bovine carcass can be seen (103 ), the posterior base (104), the anal opening (105), the pelvic structure (106), the internal supports (107), the metal tray (115), the real bovine matrix (116), the ovarian rotator device (108) horizontally, artificial ovaries (109), stepper motor (110), pressure ring (111), solenoid valve (112), pressure sensor (1 13) and pump (114) .
  • Figure 4 shows a top view of the user's hand with the thimble (118) on his index finger when using the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, where you can see the sailboat belt (119) and the electrical signal cable (120).
  • Figure 5 shows a side view of the user's hand with the thimble (118) on his index finger when using the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, where you can see the sailboat belt (119), the electrical signal cable (120) and the finger sensor (121).
  • Figure 6 shows a diagram showing the arrangement and connection of the electrical components that make up the bovine gynecological exam simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, where you can see the fingerprint sensor (121), the pressure sensor (113), the electrical source (123), the stepper motor (10), the pump (114), the solenoid valve (112), the microcontroller (122) and the computer (124), where the black lines represent two or more electrical wires that connect the components.
  • Figure 7 shows a side view of the artificial bovine ovary (109) separated from the interchangeable tip (125) belonging to the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle.
  • Figure 8 shows a side view of the artificial bovine ovary (109) inserted into the interchangeable tip (125) belonging to the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle.
  • Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the ovarian rotator device (108) belonging to the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, where the inner base (131), the track rail (126) can be seen , the fixing screw (127), the movable arm (128), the gearbox (129), the stepper motor (1 10), the rotating disk (130) and 8 interchangeable tips (125).
  • Figure 10 shows a side view of the user's arm with the thimble (1 18) placed on the index finger of his hand when using the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in the first modality of the present invention, in where you can see part of the rear bovine casing (103), the anal opening (105), the pressure ring (1 1 1), the pelvic structure (106), the electrical signal cable (120) and the artificial ovary (109).
  • Figure 1 1 shows a side view of the user's arm with the thimble (1 18) placed on the index finger of his hand when using the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in the second embodiment of the present invention, where part of the rear bovine housing (103), the anal opening (105), the pressure ring (1 1 1), the pelvic structure (106), the electric cable can be seen of signal (120), the internal supports (107), the metal tray (1 15) and the real bovine matrix (116).
  • a bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle which is made up of the following main parts :
  • the bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 also includes a rear base (104), which is fixed to the lower part of the rear housing (103), providing stability; an anal orifice (105), located in the posterior bovine carcass (103), which is characterized by mimicking the shape and size of the anus of a real bovine female; a pelvic structure (106), fixed inside the posterior bovine casing (103), which is characterized by mimicking the shape of the pelvic bones of a real bovine female.
  • the bovine gynecological exam simulator 100 includes a plurality of internal supports (107), preferably four. Said internal supports (107), fixed inside the rear bovine housing (103), they provide a firm base to place the mechanical tray (115).
  • the bovine gynecological exam simulator 100 includes an ovarian rotator device (108), fixed inside the posterior bovine casing (103), which is characterized by allowing the rotational movement of a plurality of artificial ovaries (109) using the rotation of the stepper motor arrow (110), additionally, it can be configured in a vertical or horizontal position.
  • Said plurality of artificial ovaries (109), preferably eight, are characterized by mimicking the shape and texture of a real bovine ovary.
  • the bovine gynecological exam simulator 100 comprises a stepper motor
  • the bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 of the present invention includes a digital video camera (117), fixed inside the rear bovine casing (103) and connected directly to the computer (124) via a USB cable, allowing it the user observes in real time the interior of the rear bovine casing (103); a thimble (118), which is placed on the user's finger and allows him to detect the pressure exerted on an artificial ovary (109), or on an ovary of the real bovine matrix (116), when simulating a gynecological examination cattle using the present invention; a sailboat belt (119), which is attached to the base of the thimble (118) preventing the thimble (118) from separating from the user's finger during the simulation; an electrical signal cable (120), fixed to the sailboat belt (119) which provides the necessary electrical energy for the finger sensor (121) to function, while sending the digital signals it receives from said sensor to the microcontroller (122); a finger sensor (121), fixed inside the thimble
  • the bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 includes a travel rail (126), which belongs to the ovarian rotator device (108) and is fixed to the inner base (131), which allows the fixing screw (127) to move freely inside its groove in the form of a curve when the latter is without tightening; a fixing screw (127), which belongs to the ovarian rotator device (108) and is inserted into the movable arm (128) through the curved groove of the travel rail (126); a movable arm (128), which belongs to the ovarian rotator device (108) and is attached to the inner base (131) by means of a hinge-type rotating mobile joint, and is also fixed to the gearbox (129) and to the stepper motor (110); a gearbox (129), belonging to the ovarian rotator device (108) and is fixed to the movable arm, in addition it is formed by crown worm gear, which is formed by a screw worm and a worm wheel, where the worm is coupled to the stepper motor arrow (110), while the
  • the outer part of the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle is made up of the frontal bovine carcass (101), the frontal base (102), the posterior bovine carcass (103) and the posterior base (104), in where said parts allow the user to experience the sensation of being in front of a real bovine, since both carcasses have the shape and size of a female bovine, so that, when joining the front bovine carcass (101) with the carcass posterior bovine (103), the external physical characteristics of a bovine are visualized.
  • the front bovine carcass (101) and the rear bovine carcass (103) of the bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 of the present invention are preferably made of glass fiber, however it is possible to use any other material that allows to imitate the shape of a bovine such as plastic, wood, cardboard, etc.
  • the rear bovine housing (103) is hollow to accommodate the other components of the present invention.
  • the front base (102) and the rear base (104) of the bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 of the present invention are preferably made of wood, however it is possible to use any other rigid material that provides a stable base to fix the front bovine housing (101) and the rear bovine housing (103), such as fiberglass, carbon fiber, plastic, steel, aluminum, etc. Additionally, wheels can be included in both bases to facilitate the transport of the present invention, however this will depend on the needs of the user.
  • the anal opening (105) is a hole in the upper back of the posterior bovine carcass (103), which is located exactly where the anus would be located in a real bovine, so that the user can insert his arm into the posterior bovine carcass (103), as it would in a real bovine when diagnosing the estrous cycle through rectal palpation.
  • the pelvic structure (106) is a rigid plastic structure of the same size and shape as a real bovine pelvis, in such a way that the user experiences the sensation of touching a real bovine pelvis when introducing his arm into the posterior bovine casing (103), just as it would in a real bovine when diagnosing the estrous cycle through rectal palpation. Said pelvic structure (106) is fixed to the inner face of the rear bovine housing (103) by means of screws and nuts.
  • the four internal supports (107) are four metal brackets that provide a firm base so that inside the rear bovine casing (103) the metal tray (115) with a real bovine matrix (1 16) is placed inside, wherein said internal supports (107) are fixed to the internal face of the rear bovine casing (103) by means of screws and nuts.
  • the ovarian rotator device (108) is formed by the inner base (131), the travel rail (126), the fixing screw (127), the movable arm (128), the gearbox (129), the motor in steps (110), the rotating disk (130) and eight interchangeable tips (125), which are the elements that interact mechanically to rotate the artificial ovaries (109) in a controlled manner, in addition to positioning the ovarian rotator device ( 108) vertically or horizontally, depending on the gynecological exam that the user wishes to simulate.
  • the ovarian rotator device (108) must be placed in an upright position, since only in this position can the user reach the ovaries artificial (109) introducing his arm through the anal opening (105).
  • Said ovarian rotator device (108) is fixed to the inner face of the rear bovine housing (103) by means of screws and nuts.
  • the eight artificial ovaries (109) are eight replicas of real bovine ovaries, which are made of silicone, giving the user the feeling of being palpating real bovine ovaries.
  • the eight ovaries have different shapes and sizes with each other, where these shapes and sizes correspond to different stages in the estrous cycle of a female bovine.
  • the user can palpate different artificial ovaries to acquire palpation skills and abilities necessary to make the diagnosis of the estrous cycle by means of rectal palpation, since by distinguishing the differences in size and shape that exist between the eight artificial ovaries, The user can relate them to a stage of the bovine estrous cycle and thus make a diagnosis based on the morphology of the artificial ovary that is palpating.
  • the stepper motor (110) which is part of the ovarian rotator device (108), is the element responsible for providing the rotational movement necessary to rotate the artificial ovaries. Said rotating movement is transmitted from the arrow or shaft of the stepper motor (110) to the gearbox (129), which, in turn, transmits the rotating movement to the arrow or shaft belonging to the rotating disk (130), which, in turn, rotates the eight interchangeable tips (125) with their respective artificial ovaries (109).
  • the electrical energy necessary to run the motor in steps (110) comes from the electrical source (123), where the latter is controlled by the microcontroller (122), through the graphical interface displayed on the computer screen (124), such that the user can control the rotation of the eight artificial ovaries (109) through the computer (124).
  • the pressure ring (11) is a hollow ring made of elastic plastic and covered with elastic fabric, similar to the inflatable sleeve of a medical baumanometer or an inflatable water arm float.
  • the hollow ring shape of the pressure ring (1 1) allows to simulate the anal pressure exerted around the veterinarian's arm, which introduces its arm into the anus of a bovine, to perform rectal palpation, since the pressure ring (11) is fixed in the internal contour of the anal opening (105), in the internal part of the bovine carcass posterior (103), so that when the user inserts his arm into the anal opening (105), the pressure ring (111) surrounds his arm.
  • Anal pressure simulation is possible because the pump (114) supplies air to the pressure ring (111) by inflating it around the user's arm, and producing the sensation of introducing the arm into the anus of a real bovine when performing a rectal palpation
  • the solenoid valve (112) allows to regulate the air pressure inside the pressure ring (11 1), by releasing to the environment, in a controlled manner, the air contained within the pressure ring (111). Where the release of air into the environment is controlled by opening and closing the solenoid valve (112), which is connected to the pressure ring (111) by means of a hose.
  • the electrical energy necessary to open and close the solenoid valve (112) comes from the electrical source (123), where the latter is controlled by the microcontroller (122), which opens or closes the solenoid valve (112) depending on the pressure parameters set during programming and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (1 13).
  • the pressure sensor (113) permanently monitors the pressure inside the pressure ring (11), as it is connected to the latter by means of a hose.
  • the digital signal from the pressure sensor (1 3) is transmitted to the microcontroller (122) by means of cables, so that the microcontroller (122) can compare the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (113) with the pressure parameters established during programming, so that when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (3) is less than or equal to the minimum pressure value programmed in the microcontroller (122), the solenoid valve (1 12) closes to prevent air inside the pressure ring (11) from being released into the environment, without However, when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (1 13) is greater than or equal to the maximum pressure value programmed in the microcontroller (122), the solenoid valve (112) opens to release the air into the ring of pressure (111) to the environment until the minimum pressure value programmed in the microcontroller (122) is reached again.
  • This controlled opening and closing of the solenoid valve (1 2) allows the pressure ring (111) to inflate and deflate in a cyclical and constant manner, thus mimicking the pulsating anal pressure exerted by the anus of a real bovine around the arm of A veterinarian while he performs a bovine rectal palpation, which is a physiological response.
  • the pump (114) inflates the pressure ring (111) by supplying or introducing pressurized air into the pressure ring (111) by means of a hose.
  • the metal tray (115) is a metal container intended to contain the real bovine matrix (116).
  • the metal tray (115) is only used when the user wishes to palpate real bovine genital organs using the present invention, so it must be introduced into the posterior bovine casing (103) and fixed to the latter when placed in the internal supports (107 ). Once the user has finished using the present invention to palpate real bovine genital organs, the metal tray (115) must be removed from the internal supports (107), to remove the real bovine matrix (116) from the metal tray ( 115).
  • the user can palpate real bovine genital organs, while with the rotary device of ovaries (108) in vertical position, the user can palpate the artificial ovaries (09), whereby the present invention allows simulations with artificial genital organs and real bovine genital organs.
  • the real bovine matrix (116) is a real bovine genital organ, which is used when the user wishes to palpate real bovine genital organs using the present invention, which is also called "fresh test".
  • the digital video camera (117) is a webcam that allows visualizing everything that happens inside the present invention. This visualization is possible because the digital video camera (1 17) is connected directly to the computer (124) through a USB cable, so the user can monitor and visualize everything that happens inside the camera. rear bovine casing (103) in real time, through a graphical interface displayed on the computer screen (124).
  • the thimble (1 18) is a fabric thimble similar to the finger of a glove, which is made up of the sailboat belt (1 19), the electrical signal cable (120) and the finger sensor (121).
  • the main function of the thimble (1 18) is to detect the pressure that the user exerts on an artificial ovary (109), or on an ovary of the real bovine matrix (116), when simulating a bovine gynecological examination using the present invention.
  • Said thimble (118) is placed on the finger of the user to be monitored or examined, which is generally the index finger.
  • the thimble (1 18) on the user's finger is secured with the sailboat belt (119), which is attached to the base of the thimble (118), preventing the thimble (118) from separating from the user's finger during simulation
  • the electrical signal cable (120) which is fixed to the sailboat belt (1 19) and passes through the inside of the thimble (118), is responsible for providing the electrical energy necessary for the fingerprint sensor (121) to function, while sending the digital signals it receives from said sensor to the microcontroller (122). So that the microcontroller (122) is constantly recording the pressure exerted between the user's finger and any object he touches while using the thimble (118).
  • the finger sensor (121) is a force sensor fixed inside the thimble (118) and located at the tip thereof, between the fingerprint of the user's finger and the thimble fabric (118).
  • the finger sensor (121) is connected to the electronic signal cable (120) for its power and for the transmission of digital signals to the microcontroller (122), and its function is to detect the force that is applied between the fingerprint of the finger of the user and the object you are feeling when using the thimble (118).
  • the microcontroller (122) is the electronic device that controls the on and off of the stepper motor (110) and the pump (114), as well as the opening and closing of the solenoid valve (112), all through the electrical source (123), which receives activation signals based on the program recorded on the microcontroller (122) and based on the instructions that the user selects by means of a computer (124). Additionally, the microcontroller (122) monitors the signals from the pressure sensor (113) and the fingerprint sensor (121), processing said signals and translating them into actions of the actuators or by displaying the corresponding data through the computer (124) . At the same time, the microcontroller (122) provides the electrical energy necessary for the pressure sensor (113) and the finger sensor (121) to function properly.
  • the electrical source (123) is the electrical device that provides the energy with the necessary electrical energy so that the stepper motor (1 10), the pump (114) and the solenoid valve (112) can function properly.
  • the computer (124) allows the user to easily operate the present invention through the touch interface displayed on its screen, as well as the selection of options or assignment of instructions by means of its keyboard and mouse. This ease of operation is achieved through the interaction of the computer (124) and the microcontroller (122) through computer software created for this purpose, which displays data to the user at the same time as the video recorded by the digital video camera (117). Said software also allows the user to rotate the rotating disk (130) so that it is located in a position that allows it to palpate the artificial ovaries (109) of interest.
  • the computer (124) allows to record the pressure that the user exerts on the artificial genital organs and on the real bovine genital organs during the gynecological examination for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, since it creates a record of the pressures detected by the finger sensor (121) during the simulation.
  • the data record can be stored in the computer memory (124) for future reference.
  • the eight interchangeable tips (125) are eight metal parts with an upper tip and a lower tip each, where the upper tip is inserted into an artificial ovary (109) while its lower tip is screwed into the rotating disk (130) through the holes located in the perimeter of the rotating disk (130), which allows the interchangeable tips (125) to be able to change the hole, giving the user the possibility of changing the order in which the artificial ovaries are positioned ( 109).
  • the travel rail (126) is a plate with a curve-shaped groove, which allows the fixing screw (127) to move freely inside the latter when the latter is without tightening.
  • the fixing screw (127) is a screw that passes through the curve-shaped groove of the travel rail (126) to be inserted into a rope hole of the movable arm (128).
  • the interaction between the travel rail (126) and the fixing screw (127), allows the joint of the mobile arm (128) with the inner base (131) to be a "mobile joint” only when the fixing screw (127) is However, it does not tighten, but this interaction also allows the joint of the movable arm (128) with the inner base (131) to be a "fixed joint” when the fixing screw (127) is tightened. Due to this interaction, the ovarian rotator device (108) can be configured in an upright position when the clamping screw (127) is tightened with the movable arm (128) in an upright position, or the ovarian rotator device ( 108) can be set in a horizontal position when the clamping screw (127) is tightened with the movable arm (128) in a horizontal position.
  • the mobile arm (128) is a rectangular profile that is attached to the inner base (131) by means of a hinge-type rotating mobile joint, which allows it to position itself vertically or horizontally.
  • the gearbox (129) is made up of crown worm gear, which is made up of a worm and a worm wheel, where the worm is coupled to the stepper motor shaft (110), while the helical wheel is coupled to the arrow of the rotating disk (130).
  • the rotating disk (130) is a round disk with an axis or arrow in its center to engage with the gearbox (129), as well as eight holes in its perimeter that allow to screw eight correspondingly interchangeable tips.
  • the inner base (131) is a metal plate screed to a metal profile and its main function is to provide a base for fixing the ovarian rotator device (108) to the rear bovine housing (103).
  • the durability of the materials of the parts that compose the present invention were selected to allow users to repeatedly practice the diagnosis of the estrous cycle through rectal palpation, either with real or artificial genital organs, since in this way It is not necessary to practice with a real live bovine to acquire skill and skill in the diagnostic technique, thus avoiding the problems that it entails.
  • the first embodiment of the invention ( Figure 2) is the configuration corresponding to a simulation of a gynecological examination for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle with the objective that the user acquires the palpation skills and abilities necessary to perform the diagnosis of the estrous cycle through rectal palpation, using artificial ovaries (109). So the ovarian rotator device (108) must be configured or placed in an upright position after the metal tray (115) and the real bovine matrix (1 15) have been removed from the inside of the rear bovine casing (103). Subsequently the user must turn on the computer (124) and the electrical source
  • the user After performing the simulation, the user will be able to visualize the data and the video generated during the simulation on the computer screen (124), where said data corresponds to the pressures made during palpation of artificial ovaries (109), which They can also be displayed in real time.
  • the user can use the data and video generated during the simulation, to compare them with the data and video generated during the simulation of an expert veterinarian, and thus identify the errors of his technique, or, he can compare them with the data and the video generated in a previous simulation of himself, and thus check his progress and learning technique, and consequently, the development of his skills.
  • the graphic interface shows in real time the pressure that the user is exerting on the artificial ovary (109) by means of a color code, where the user can know if the pressure exerted is excessive if the red color is displayed, adequate if the green color is displayed, it drops if the yellow or insufficient color is displayed if the blue color is displayed, according to an optimum pressure parameter set during the software programming, providing the user with real-time feedback.
  • the second embodiment of the invention ( Figure 3) is the configuration corresponding to a simulation of a gynecological examination for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle with the objective that the user acquires the palpation skills and abilities necessary to perform the diagnosis of the cycle.
  • estral by means of rectal palpation using the real bovine matrix (116). Therefore, the ovarian rotator device (108) must be configured or placed horizontally before inserting the metal tray (115) and the real bovine matrix (115) into the rear bovine housing (103).
  • the user must turn on the computer (124) and the electrical source (123), then place the thimble (108) on his index finger.
  • the user can visualize the data and the video generated during the simulation on the computer screen (124), where said data corresponds to the pressures made during palpation of the ovaries of the real bovine matrix ( 116), which can also be displayed in real time.
  • the user can use the data and video generated during the simulation, to compare them with the data and video generated during the simulation of An expert veterinarian, and thus identify the errors of his technique, or, can compare them with the data and video generated in a previous simulation of himself, and thus check his progress and learning of the technique, and therefore, the development of your skills
  • the graphical interface shows in real time the pressure that the user is exerting on the ovary of the real bovine matrix (116) by means of a color code, where the user can know if the pressure exerted is excessive if the pressure is displayed. red color, suitable if the green color is displayed, low if the yellow color is displayed or insufficient if the blue color is displayed, according to an optimal pressure parameter set during the software programming, providing the user with real-time feedback .

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Abstract

The invention relates to a bovine gynaecological exam simulator for diagnosis of the oestrous cycle, which allows the user to perform simulations that imitate or simulate the sensory and physiological conditions that a veterinarian experiences while performing a bovine gynaecological exam in order to diagnose the oestrous cycle by means of rectal palpation on a real female bovine. In addition, the simulator of the invention can be used to record and store the pressure exerted by the user while palpating a real or artificial bovine ovary, while providing feedback in real time by means of a graphical interface.

Description

SIMULADOR DE EXAMEN GINECOLÓGICO BOVINO PARA  BOVINE GYNECOLOGICAL EXAMINATION SIMULATOR FOR
EL DIAGNÓSTICO DEL CICLO ESTRAL THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE ESTRAL CYCLE
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se ubica en el campo de los simuladores veterinarios didácticos, y más particularmente, está relacionada con un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, el cual permite a estudiantes de veterinaria practicar el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio de la palpación de órganos artificiales o reales.  The present invention is located in the field of didactic veterinary simulators, and more particularly, it is related to a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows veterinary students to practice the diagnosis of the estrous cycle by means of palpation of artificial or real organs.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Los simuladores en el área de la medicina veterinaria se han creado por los mismos motivos que los simuladores humanos, para preservar la seguridad del paciente y brindar una enseñanza de calidad a los alumnos, mejorando sus habilidades en el manejo clínico. Estos simuladores han sido desarrollados con el fin de evitar millones de animales sacrificados en procedimientos quirúrgicos alrededor del mundo.  Simulators in the area of veterinary medicine have been created for the same reasons as human simulators, to preserve patient safety and provide quality teaching to students, improving their clinical management skills. These simulators have been developed in order to avoid millions of animals slaughtered in surgical procedures around the world.
Uno de los simuladores más representativos es el descrito en la patente US5957694, el cual corresponde a un "simulador de palpación abdominal canina" el cual permite aprender a los estudiantes de veterinaria diversas técnicas de palpación abdominal antes de practicar en una animal vivo ya que cuando el estudiante ha localizado y palpado un órgano del simulador canino, el estudiante debe de activar el interruptor correspondiente a dicho órgano, ya que cada interruptor hace vibrar al órgano correspondiente, de tal forma que el estudiante puede conformar por medio de la vibración si el órgano que está palpando es el órgano que deseaba encontrar. Sin embargo este simulador, no cuantifica la fuerza con la que el estudiante está palpando o presionando el órgano, lo cual podría dañar a un animal vivo cuando el estudiante realice la palpación con una fuerza mayor a la que los órganos abdominales soportan. One of the most representative simulators is that described in US5957694, which corresponds to a "canine abdominal palpation simulator" which allows veterinary students to learn various abdominal palpation techniques before practicing in a live animal since when The student has located and palpated an organ of the canine simulator, the student must activate the switch corresponding to said organ, since each switch makes the corresponding organ vibrate, so that the student can conform by means of vibration if the organ What he is feeling is the organ he wanted to find. However, this simulator does not quantify the force with which the student is palpating or pressing the organ, which could harm a live animal when the student palpates with a force greater than the abdominal organs support.
Actualmente en el mercado también existen diversos simuladores que utilizan interfaces táctiles para proporcionar sensaciones de palpación, tal es el caso de la interfaz táctil descrita en la patente US7202851 , en donde una computadora genera un ambiente gráfico en donde se encuentra representada una parte del cuerpo de un ser vivo, posteriormente el usuario puede experimentar las sensaciones táctiles correspondientes a la región que el cursor está señalando en el ambiente gráfico. Sin embargo este tipo de interfaces requieren de un ambiente virtual para trabajar, el cual solo puede ser visualizado en dos dimensiones por medio de un monitor de computadora sin permitir la opción de utilizar órganos reales para la enseñanza de técnicas de palpación los cuales brindan sensaciones físicas reales que no pueden ser reproducidas con la interfaz, tal es el caso del movimiento de los órganos durante la palpación. Otro problema que se presenta al utilizar esta interfaz es la relacionada con los puntos de apoyo ya que el único punto de apoyo para el alumno es la parte de la mano que está en contacto con el hardware, mientras que en un examen a un bovino real se utiliza la mano completa y el brazo, adicionalmente este simulador es incapaz de simular la contracción del ano alrededor del brazo, tal y como sucede en la vida real. Currently there are also various simulators on the market that use tactile interfaces to provide sensations of palpation, such is the case of the touch interface described in US7202851, where a computer generates a graphic environment where a part of the body is represented. a living being, later the user can experience the tactile sensations corresponding to the region that the cursor is pointing in the graphic environment. However, these types of interfaces require a virtual environment to work, which can only be viewed in two dimensions by means of a computer monitor without allowing the option of using real organs for teaching palpation techniques which provide physical sensations. real that cannot be reproduced with the interface, such is the case of the movement of the organs during palpation. Another problem that arises when using this interface is related to the support points since the only point of support for the student is the part of the hand that is in contact with the hardware, while in an examination of a real bovine the full hand and arm is used, additionally this simulator is unable to simulate the contraction of the anus around the arm, just as it happens in real life.
La palpación rectal es un método físico utilizado para la exploración del aparato reproductor de la hembra bovina, con el cual se puede determinar estados fisiológicos (funcionalidad ovárica, momento del ciclo estral, gestación o sin gestación), o patológicos (endometritis, metritis, quistes ováricos, aplasia segmentaria, entre otras). La palpación rectal es el método más utilizado para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral bovino, ya que es el método más rápido, preciso, efectivo y seguro que se conoce actualmente, además de ser el método de menor costo. Cabe resaltar que, en el examen ginecológico real, es muy importante el dominio de las presiones que se ejercen sobre el aparato reproductor del bovino, ya que de no ser adecuadas estas presiones pueden llegar a dañar al bovino, ocasionando cortes en la pared intestinal, alterar el ciclo estral e incluso dañar a una posible cría durante la preñez. Particularmente, el procedimiento de palpación rectal es una técnica que dentro de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la UNAM ha llegado a ser complicada de realizar, por varios motivos. Entre los problemas a los que se han enfrentado los alumnos y profesores es la falta de animales con los cuales practicar, y en el caso de que se pueda disponer de alguno de ellos, los alumnos principiantes llegan a producir algún daño físico sobre los mismos debido a que aún no dominan las técnicas de palpación, por esta razón, desde hace algunos años, la Facultad de Veterinaria de la UNAM ha trabajado en conjunto con la Facultad de Ingeniería de la UNAM, para desarrollar nuevos métodos de enseñanza, que faciliten la práctica de dicho procedimiento. Por consecuencia de lo anterior, se ha buscado suprimir los inconvenientes que presentan los simuladores del arte previo, desarrollando un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, que permite a estudiantes de veterinaria practicar el diagnóstico por medio de la palpación de órganos artificiales o reales. Rectal palpation is a physical method used for the exploration of the reproductive system of the bovine female, with which physiological states (ovarian functionality, time of the estrous cycle, pregnancy or without pregnancy), or pathological (endometritis, metritis, cysts, can be determined) ovarian, segmental aplasia, among others). Rectal palpation is the most used method for the diagnosis of the bovine estrous cycle, since it is the fastest, most accurate, effective and safe method that is currently known, as well as being the lowest cost method. It should be noted that, in the actual gynecological examination, the domain of the pressures exerted on the bovine reproductive system is very important, since if these pressures are not adequate they can damage the bovine, causing cuts in the intestinal wall, alter the estrous cycle and even damage a possible offspring during pregnancy. Particularly, the rectal palpation procedure is a technique that within the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics of the UNAM has become complicated to perform, for several reasons. Among the problems faced by students and teachers is the lack of animals with which to practice, and in the event that one of them is available, beginning students get to produce some physical damage on them due to that palpation techniques have not yet mastered, for this reason, for some years, the UNAM Veterinary School has worked together with the UNAM School of Engineering, to develop new teaching methods that facilitate practice of said procedure. As a result of the above, it has been sought to suppress the inconveniences presented by the simulators of the prior art, developing a simulator of bovine gynecological examination for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows veterinary students to practice the diagnosis by means of palpation of organs artificial or real.
OBJETOS DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
Teniendo en cuenta los defectos de la técnica anterior, es un objeto de la presente invención proporcionar un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, el cual permite imitar las condiciones sensoriales que un veterinario experimenta durante el examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio del método de palpación rectal aplicado a una hembra bovina. Un objeto adicional de la presente invención es proporcionar un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, el cual permite realizar simulaciones con órganos genitales artificiales y órganos genitales reales bovinos. Es un objeto más de la presente invención, el proporcionar un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, el cual permite imitar la presión anal pulsante ejercida por el bovino en el brazo del veterinario durante el examen ginecológico. Taking into account the defects of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows to imitate the sensory conditions that a veterinarian experiences during the bovine gynecological examination for diagnosis. of the estrous cycle by means of the rectal palpation method applied to a bovine female. A further object of the present invention is to provide a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows simulations with artificial genital organs and real bovine genital organs. It is a further object of the present invention, to provide a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows to mimic the pulsating anal pressure exerted by the bovine on the veterinarian's arm during the gynecological examination.
Es un objeto más de la presente invención, el proporcionar un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, el cual permite registrar la presión que el usuario ejerce sobre los órganos genitales artificiales y sobre los órganos genitales reales bovinos durante el examen ginecológico para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral. It is a further object of the present invention, to provide a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows to record the pressure that the user exerts on the artificial genital organs and on the real bovine genital organs during the gynecological examination. for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle.
Es otro objeto más de la presente invención, el proporcionar un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, el cual permite analizar el examen ginecológico realizado por el usuario y proporcionarle retroalimentación en tiempo real. It is yet another object of the present invention, to provide a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows the gynecological examination performed by the user to be analyzed and to provide real-time feedback.
Es aún otro objeto más de la presente invención, el proporcionar un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, el cual permite almacenar los datos generados durante el examen ginecológico realizado por el usuario. It is yet another object of the present invention, to provide a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows the data generated during the gynecological examination performed by the user to be stored.
Es otro objeto adicional de la presente invención, el proporcionar un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, el cual permite que los usuarios practiquen en repetidas ocasiones el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio de palpación rectal, sin la necesidad de practicar con un bovino vivo real. It is another additional object of the present invention, to provide a bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which allows the Users repeatedly practice the diagnosis of the estrous cycle through rectal palpation, without the need to practice with a real live bovine.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Los aspectos novedosos que se consideran característicos de la presente invención, se establecerán con particularidad en las reivindicaciones anexas. Sin embargo, la invención misma, tanto por su organización estructural, conjuntamente con otros objetos y ventajas de la misma, se comprenderán mejor en la siguiente descripción detallada de ciertas modalidades preferidas cuando se lea en relación con los dibujos que se acompañan, en los cuales:  The novel aspects that are considered characteristic of the present invention will be established with particularity in the appended claims. However, the invention itself, both by its structural organization, together with other objects and advantages thereof, will be better understood in the following detailed description of certain preferred embodiments when read in relation to the accompanying drawings, in which :
La figura 1 muestra una vista lateral en corte longitudinal del simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de la presente invención, en donde se puede apreciar la carcasa bovina frontal (101 ) la cual está fija a la base frontal (102), la carcasa bovina posterior (103) la cual está fija a la base posterior (104), y el orificio anal (105). Figure 1 shows a side view in longitudinal section of the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle of the present invention, where the frontal bovine carcass (101) which is fixed to the frontal base (102) can be seen. , the rear bovine housing (103) which is fixed to the rear base (104), and the anal opening (105).
La figura 2 muestra una vista lateral en corte longitudinal de la carcasa bovina posterior (103) del simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral en la primera modalidad de la presente invención, en donde se puede apreciar la carcasa bovina posterior (103), la base posterior (104), el orificio anal (5), la estructura pélvica (106), los soportes internos (107), el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) en posición vertical, los ovarios artificiales (109), el motor a pasos (1 10), el anillo de presión ( 1 ), la electroválvula (1 12), el sensor de presión ( 3) y la bomba (1 14). La figura 3 muestra una vista lateral en corte longitudinal de la carcasa bovina posterior (103) del simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral en la segunda modalidad de la presente invención, en donde se puede apreciar la carcasa bovina posterior (103), la base posterior (104), el orificio anal (105), la estructura pélvica (106), los soportes internos (107), la charola metálica (115), la matriz real bovina (116), el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) en posición horizontal, los ovarios artificiales (109), el motor a pasos (110), el anillo de presión (111 ), la electroválvula (112), el sensor de presión (1 13) y la bomba (114). La figura 4 muestra una vista superior de la mano del usuario con el dedal (118) en su dedo índice al utilizar el simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, en donde se puede apreciar la cinta de velero (119) y el cable eléctrico de señal (120). La figura 5 muestra una vista lateral de la mano del usuario con el dedal (118) en su dedo índice al utilizar el simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, en donde se puede apreciar la cinta de velero (119), el cable eléctrico de señal (120) y el sensor dactilar (121). La figura 6 muestra un diagrama en donde se visualiza la disposición y la conexión de los componentes eléctricos que conforman el simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, en donde se puede apreciar el sensor dactilar (121), el sensor de presión(113), la fuente eléctrica (123), el motor a pasos ( 10), la bomba (114), la electroválvula(112), el microcontrolador (122) y la computadora (124), en donde las líneas negras representan dos o más cables eléctricos que conectan los componentes. La figura 7 muestra una vista lateral del ovario bovino artificial (109) separado de la punta intercambiable (125) pertenecientes al simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral. La figura 8 muestra una vista lateral del ovario bovino artificial (109) insertado a la punta intercambiable (125) pertenecientes al simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral. Figure 2 shows a side view in longitudinal section of the posterior bovine carcass (103) of the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in the first embodiment of the present invention, where the posterior bovine carcass can be seen (103 ), the posterior base (104), the anal opening (5), the pelvic structure (106), the internal supports (107), the rotary device of ovaries (108) in an upright position, the artificial ovaries (109), the stepper motor (1 10), pressure ring (1), solenoid valve (1 12), pressure sensor (3) and pump (1 14). Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional side view of the posterior bovine carcass (103) of the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in the second embodiment of the present invention, where the posterior bovine carcass can be seen (103 ), the posterior base (104), the anal opening (105), the pelvic structure (106), the internal supports (107), the metal tray (115), the real bovine matrix (116), the ovarian rotator device (108) horizontally, artificial ovaries (109), stepper motor (110), pressure ring (111), solenoid valve (112), pressure sensor (1 13) and pump (114) . Figure 4 shows a top view of the user's hand with the thimble (118) on his index finger when using the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, where you can see the sailboat belt (119) and the electrical signal cable (120). Figure 5 shows a side view of the user's hand with the thimble (118) on his index finger when using the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, where you can see the sailboat belt (119), the electrical signal cable (120) and the finger sensor (121). Figure 6 shows a diagram showing the arrangement and connection of the electrical components that make up the bovine gynecological exam simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, where you can see the fingerprint sensor (121), the pressure sensor (113), the electrical source (123), the stepper motor (10), the pump (114), the solenoid valve (112), the microcontroller (122) and the computer (124), where the black lines represent two or more electrical wires that connect the components. Figure 7 shows a side view of the artificial bovine ovary (109) separated from the interchangeable tip (125) belonging to the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle. Figure 8 shows a side view of the artificial bovine ovary (109) inserted into the interchangeable tip (125) belonging to the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle.
La figura 9 muestra una vista en perspectiva del dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) del perteneciente al simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, en donde se puede apreciar la base interior (131 ), el riel de desplazamiento (126), el tornillo fijador (127), el brazo móvil (128), la caja de engranes (129), el motor a pasos (1 10), el disco giratorio (130) y 8 puntas intercambiables (125). Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the ovarian rotator device (108) belonging to the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, where the inner base (131), the track rail (126) can be seen , the fixing screw (127), the movable arm (128), the gearbox (129), the stepper motor (1 10), the rotating disk (130) and 8 interchangeable tips (125).
La figura 10 muestra una vista lateral del brazo del usuario con el dedal (1 18) colocado en el dedo índice de su mano al utilizar el simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral en la primera modalidad de la presente invención, en donde se puede apreciar parte de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), el orificio anal (105), el anillo de presión (1 1 1 ), la estructura pélvica (106), el cable eléctrico de señal (120) y el ovario artificial (109). Figure 10 shows a side view of the user's arm with the thimble (1 18) placed on the index finger of his hand when using the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in the first modality of the present invention, in where you can see part of the rear bovine casing (103), the anal opening (105), the pressure ring (1 1 1), the pelvic structure (106), the electrical signal cable (120) and the artificial ovary (109).
La figura 1 1 muestra una vista lateral del brazo del usuario con el dedal (1 18) colocado en el dedo índice de su mano al utilizar el simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral en la segunda modalidad de la presente invención, en donde se puede apreciar parte de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), el orificio anal (105), el anillo de presión (1 1 1 ), la estructura pélvica (106), el cable eléctrico de señal (120), los soportes internos (107), la charola metálica (1 15) y la matriz real bovina (116). Figure 1 1 shows a side view of the user's arm with the thimble (1 18) placed on the index finger of his hand when using the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in the second embodiment of the present invention, where part of the rear bovine housing (103), the anal opening (105), the pressure ring (1 1 1), the pelvic structure (106), the electric cable can be seen of signal (120), the internal supports (107), the metal tray (1 15) and the real bovine matrix (116).
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Haciendo referencia a los dibujos que se acompañan, y más específicamente a las figuras 1 a 11 de los mismos, en ellas se muestra: un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino 100 para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, el cual está conformado por las siguientes partes principales:  Referring to the accompanying drawings, and more specifically to figures 1 to 11 thereof, they show: a bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, which is made up of the following main parts :
Una carcasa bovina frontal (101), la cual se caracteriza por imitar la apariencia de la parte frontal de del cuerpo de una hembra bovina real; una base frontal (102), la cual está fijada a la parte inferior de la carcasa frontal (101), proporcionándole estabilidad; una carcasa bovina posterior (103), la cual se caracteriza por imitar la apariencia de la parte posterior del cuerpo de una hembra bovina real. A front bovine carcass (101), which is characterized by mimicking the appearance of the front part of the body of a real female bovine; a front base (102), which is fixed to the bottom of the front housing (101), providing stability; a rear bovine carcass (103), which is characterized by mimicking the appearance of the back of the body of a real female bovine.
El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino 100 además incluye una base posterior (104), la cual está fijada a la parte inferior de la carcasa posterior (103), proporcionándole estabilidad; un orificio anal (105), ubicado en la carcasa bovina posterior (103), el cual se caracteriza por imitar la forma y el tamaño del ano de una hembra bovina real; una estructura pélvica (106), fijada en el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), la cual se caracteriza por imitar la forma de los huesos pélvicos de una hembra bovina real. La carcasa bovina posterior (103) del simulador de examen ginecológico bovinoThe bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 also includes a rear base (104), which is fixed to the lower part of the rear housing (103), providing stability; an anal orifice (105), located in the posterior bovine carcass (103), which is characterized by mimicking the shape and size of the anus of a real bovine female; a pelvic structure (106), fixed inside the posterior bovine casing (103), which is characterized by mimicking the shape of the pelvic bones of a real bovine female. The posterior bovine carcass (103) of the bovine gynecological examination simulator
100 incluye una pluralidad de soportes internos (107), preferiblemente cuatro. Dichos soportes internos (107), fijados en el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), proporcionan una base firme para colocar la charola mecánica (115). Además de lo anterior, el simulador de examen ginecológico bovino 100 incluye un dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108), fijado en el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), el cual se caracteriza por permitir el movimiento giratorio de una pluralidad de ovarios artificiales (109) utilizando el giro de la flecha del motor a pasos (110), adicionalmente, se puede configurar en posición vertical u horizontal. Dicha pluralidad de ovarios artificiales (109), siendo preferiblemente ocho, se caracterizan por imitar la forma y la textura de un ovario bovino real. El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino 100 comprende un motor a pasos100 includes a plurality of internal supports (107), preferably four. Said internal supports (107), fixed inside the rear bovine housing (103), they provide a firm base to place the mechanical tray (115). In addition to the above, the bovine gynecological exam simulator 100 includes an ovarian rotator device (108), fixed inside the posterior bovine casing (103), which is characterized by allowing the rotational movement of a plurality of artificial ovaries (109) using the rotation of the stepper motor arrow (110), additionally, it can be configured in a vertical or horizontal position. Said plurality of artificial ovaries (109), preferably eight, are characterized by mimicking the shape and texture of a real bovine ovary. The bovine gynecological exam simulator 100 comprises a stepper motor
(110), el cual se caracteriza por proporcionar el movimiento giratorio necesario para girar los ovarios artificiales (109); un anillo de presión (111), fijado en el contorno interno del orificio anal (105) en la parte interna de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), el cual se caracteriza por imitar la presión anal bovina real; una electroválvula (1 12), fijada en el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), la cual regula la presión de aire en el interior del anillo de presión (111) por medio de una manguera; un sensor de presión (113), fijado en el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), el cual permite monitorear la presión de aire en el interior del anillo de presión (111) a través de una manguera; una bomba (1 4), fijada en el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), la cual introduce aire a presión en el interior del anillo de presión (1 11) por medio de una manguera; una charola metálica (115), la cual se introduce en la carcasa bovina posterior (103) y se fija a ésta al colocarla en los soportes internos (107), permitiendo así contener la matriz bovina real; una matriz real bovina (116), la cual se introduce en la carcasa bovina posterior (103) y se coloca dentro de la charola metálica (115), permitiéndole al usuario palpar un órgano genital bovino real. El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino 100 de la presente invención incluye una cámara de video digital (117), fijada en el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103) y conectada directamente a la computadora (124) a través de un cable USB, permitiéndole al usuario observar en tiempo real el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103); un dedal (118), el cual se coloca en el dedo del usuario y le permite detectar la presión que ejerce sobre un ovario artificial (109), o bien sobre un ovario de la matriz real bovina (116), al simular un examen ginecológico bovino utilizando la presente invención; un cinta de velero (119), la cual está unida a la base del dedal (118) evitando que el dedal (118) se separe del dedo del usuario durante la simulación; un cable eléctrico de señal (120), fijado a la cinta de velero (119) el cual prevé la energía eléctrica necesaria para que el sensor dactilar (121) funcione, al mismo tiempo que envía las señales digitales que recibe de dicho sensor hacia el microcontrolador (122); un sensor dactilar (121), fijado en el interior del dedal (118) y ubicado en la punta del mismo, el cual detecta la fuerza que se aplica entre la huella digital del dedo del usuario y el objeto que está palpando al utilizar el dedal (118); un microcontrolador (122), el cual controla el motor a pasos (1 10), la bomba (114) y la electroválvula (1 12), al controlar la energía eléctrica proveniente de la fuente eléctrica (123), al mismo tiempo que monitorea la señales del sensor de presión (113) y del sensor dactilar (121) mientras les proporciona la energía eléctrica necesaria para su funcionamiento, en donde dicho control y monitoreo es posible debido a la manera en que fue programado; una fuente eléctrica (123), la cual proporciona la energía eléctrica necesaria para que el motor a pasos (110), la bomba (114) y la electroválvula (112) puedan funcionar adecuadamente; una computadora (124), la cual proporciona una interfaz gráfica y táctil para que el usuario opere la presente invención; una pluralidad de puntas intercambiables (125), preferiblemente 8, en donde cada una de dichas puntas intercambiables (125), se inserta en un ovario artificial (109) a través de su punta superior, mientras que su punta inferior se atornilla en el disco giratorio (130). El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino 100 incluye un riel de desplazamiento (126), el cual pertenece al dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) y está fijado a la base interior (131), el cual permite que el tornillo fijador (127) pueda desplazarse libremente en el interior de su ranura en forma de curva cuando éste último se encuentra sin apriete; un tornillo fijador (127), el cual pertenece al dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) y está insertado en el brazo móvil (128) a través de la ranura en forma de curva del riel de desplazamiento (126); un brazo móvil (128), el cual pertenece al dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) y está unido a la base interior (131) por medio de una unión móvil giratoria tipo bisagra, y además está fijado a la caja de engranes (129) y al motor a pasos (110);una caja de engranes (129), perteneciente al dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) y está fijada al brazo móvil, además está conformada por engranaje de tornillo sinfín corona, el cual está conformado por un tornillo sin fin y una rueda helicoidal, en donde el tornillo sinfín está acoplado a la flecha del motor a pasos (110), mientras que la rueda helicoidal está acoplada a la flecha del disco giratorio (130). El disco giratorio (130), el cual pertenece al dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) el cual está unido a la caja de engranes (129) por medio de una unión móvil giratoria utilizando su flecha; y una base interior (131), la cual pertenece al dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) y está fijada a riel de desplazamiento (126), adicionalmente está unida al brazo móvil (128) por medio de una unión móvil giratoria tipo bisagra, al mismo tiempo que está fijada a la carcasa bovina posterior (103) por medio de tornillos. (110), which is characterized by providing the rotational movement necessary to rotate the artificial ovaries (109); a pressure ring (111), fixed in the internal contour of the anal opening (105) in the inner part of the posterior bovine casing (103), which is characterized by mimicking the real bovine anal pressure; a solenoid valve (1 12), fixed inside the rear bovine housing (103), which regulates the air pressure inside the pressure ring (111) by means of a hose; a pressure sensor (113), fixed inside the rear bovine housing (103), which allows monitoring the air pressure inside the pressure ring (111) through a hose; a pump (1 4), fixed inside the rear bovine housing (103), which introduces pressurized air inside the pressure ring (1 11) by means of a hose; a metal tray (115), which is inserted into the rear bovine casing (103) and fixed to it when placed in the internal supports (107), thus allowing to contain the real bovine matrix; a real bovine matrix (116), which is inserted into the posterior bovine casing (103) and placed inside the metal tray (115), allowing the user to palpate a real bovine genital organ. The bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 of the present invention includes a digital video camera (117), fixed inside the rear bovine casing (103) and connected directly to the computer (124) via a USB cable, allowing it the user observes in real time the interior of the rear bovine casing (103); a thimble (118), which is placed on the user's finger and allows him to detect the pressure exerted on an artificial ovary (109), or on an ovary of the real bovine matrix (116), when simulating a gynecological examination cattle using the present invention; a sailboat belt (119), which is attached to the base of the thimble (118) preventing the thimble (118) from separating from the user's finger during the simulation; an electrical signal cable (120), fixed to the sailboat belt (119) which provides the necessary electrical energy for the finger sensor (121) to function, while sending the digital signals it receives from said sensor to the microcontroller (122); a finger sensor (121), fixed inside the thimble (118) and located at the tip of the thimble, which detects the force that is applied between the fingerprint of the user's finger and the object being felt when using the thimble (118); a microcontroller (122), which controls the stepper motor (1 10), the pump (114) and the solenoid valve (1 12), by controlling the electrical energy coming from the electrical source (123), while monitoring the signals of the pressure sensor (113) and the finger sensor (121) while providing them with the necessary electrical energy for their operation, where said control and monitoring is possible due to the way in which it was programmed; an electrical source (123), which provides the necessary electrical energy so that the stepper motor (110), the pump (114) and the solenoid valve (112) can function properly; a computer (124), which provides a graphical and tactile interface for the user to operate the present invention; a plurality of interchangeable tips (125), preferably 8, wherein each of said interchangeable tips (125), is inserted into an artificial ovary (109) through its upper tip, while its lower tip is screwed into the disc swivel (130). The bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 includes a travel rail (126), which belongs to the ovarian rotator device (108) and is fixed to the inner base (131), which allows the fixing screw (127) to move freely inside its groove in the form of a curve when the latter is without tightening; a fixing screw (127), which belongs to the ovarian rotator device (108) and is inserted into the movable arm (128) through the curved groove of the travel rail (126); a movable arm (128), which belongs to the ovarian rotator device (108) and is attached to the inner base (131) by means of a hinge-type rotating mobile joint, and is also fixed to the gearbox (129) and to the stepper motor (110); a gearbox (129), belonging to the ovarian rotator device (108) and is fixed to the movable arm, in addition it is formed by crown worm gear, which is formed by a screw worm and a worm wheel, where the worm is coupled to the stepper motor arrow (110), while the worm wheel is coupled to the rotating disk arrow (130). The rotating disk (130), which belongs to the ovarian rotator device (108) which is attached to the gearbox (129) by means of a rotating mobile joint using its arrow; and an inner base (131), which belongs to the ovarian rotator device (108) and is fixed to a track rail (126), additionally it is connected to the mobile arm (128) by means of a hinge-type rotating mobile joint, to the same time that it is fixed to the rear bovine housing (103) by means of screws.
La parte exterior del simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, está conformada por la carcasa bovina frontal (101 ), la base frontal (102), la carcasa bovina posterior (103) y la base posterior (104), en donde dichas partes permiten que el usuario experimente la sensación de estar frente a un bovino real, ya que ambas carcasas tienen la forma y el tamaño de una hembra bovina, de tal forma que, al juntar la carcasa bovina frontal (101) con la carcasa bovina posterior (103), se visualizan las características físicas externas de un bovino. La carcasa bovina frontal (101) y la carcasa bovina posterior (103) del simulador de examen ginecológico bovino 100 de la presente invención están hechas preferiblemente de fibra de vidrio, sin embargo es posible utilizar cualquier otro material que permita imitar la forma de un bovino como podría ser el plástico, la madera, el cartón, etc. La carcasa bovina posterior (103) es hueca para alojar los otros componentes de la presente invención. The outer part of the bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle is made up of the frontal bovine carcass (101), the frontal base (102), the posterior bovine carcass (103) and the posterior base (104), in where said parts allow the user to experience the sensation of being in front of a real bovine, since both carcasses have the shape and size of a female bovine, so that, when joining the front bovine carcass (101) with the carcass posterior bovine (103), the external physical characteristics of a bovine are visualized. The front bovine carcass (101) and the rear bovine carcass (103) of the bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 of the present invention are preferably made of glass fiber, however it is possible to use any other material that allows to imitate the shape of a bovine such as plastic, wood, cardboard, etc. The rear bovine housing (103) is hollow to accommodate the other components of the present invention.
La base frontal (102) y la base posterior (104) del simulador de examen ginecológico bovino 100 de la presente invención están hechas preferiblemente de madera, sin embargo es posible utilizar cualquier otro material rígido que proporcione una base estable para fijar la carcasa bovina frontal (101) y la carcasa bovina posterior (103), como podría ser fibra de vidrio, fibra de carbono, plástico, acero, aluminio, etc. Adicionalmente se pueden incluir ruedas en ambas bases para facilitar el transporte de la presente invención, sin embargo esto dependerá de las necesidades del usuario. The front base (102) and the rear base (104) of the bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 of the present invention are preferably made of wood, however it is possible to use any other rigid material that provides a stable base to fix the front bovine housing (101) and the rear bovine housing (103), such as fiberglass, carbon fiber, plastic, steel, aluminum, etc. Additionally, wheels can be included in both bases to facilitate the transport of the present invention, however this will depend on the needs of the user.
Para unir la carcasa bovina frontal (101) con la base frontal (102), y carcasa bovina posterior (103) con la base posterior (104), del simulador de examen ginecológico bovino 100 de la presente invención se utilizan tuercas y tornillos, sin embargo es posible utilizar pegamento, soldadura, remaches, etc., para realizar esta unión. To connect the front bovine casing (101) with the front base (102), and rear bovine casing (103) with the rear base (104), of the bovine gynecological examination simulator 100 of the present invention, nuts and bolts are used, without However, it is possible to use glue, welding, rivets, etc., to make this connection.
El orificio anal (105) es un orificio en la parte posterior superior de la carcasa bovina postérior (103), el cual está ubicado exactamente en donde estaría ubicado el ano en un bovino real, de forma tal que el usuario puede introducir su brazo en la carcasa bovina posterior (103), tal y como lo haría en un bovino real al realizar el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio de la palpación rectal. La estructura pélvica (106) es una estructura plástica rígida del mismo tamaño y forma que una pelvis bovina real, del tal manera que el usuario experimenta la sensación de tocar una pelvis bovina real al introducir su brazo en la carcasa bovina posterior (103), tal y como lo haría en un bovino real al realizar el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio de la palpación rectal. Dicha estructura pélvica (106) está fijada a la cara interna de la carcasa bovina posterior (103) por medio de tornillos y tuercas. The anal opening (105) is a hole in the upper back of the posterior bovine carcass (103), which is located exactly where the anus would be located in a real bovine, so that the user can insert his arm into the posterior bovine carcass (103), as it would in a real bovine when diagnosing the estrous cycle through rectal palpation. The pelvic structure (106) is a rigid plastic structure of the same size and shape as a real bovine pelvis, in such a way that the user experiences the sensation of touching a real bovine pelvis when introducing his arm into the posterior bovine casing (103), just as it would in a real bovine when diagnosing the estrous cycle through rectal palpation. Said pelvic structure (106) is fixed to the inner face of the rear bovine housing (103) by means of screws and nuts.
Los cuatro soportes internos (107) son cuatro ménsulas metálicas que proporcionan una base firme para que en el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103) se coloque la charola metálica (115) con una matriz real bovina (1 16) en su interior, en donde dichos soportes internos (107) están fijados a la cara interna de la carcasa bovina posterior (103) por medio de tomillos y tuercas. The four internal supports (107) are four metal brackets that provide a firm base so that inside the rear bovine casing (103) the metal tray (115) with a real bovine matrix (1 16) is placed inside, wherein said internal supports (107) are fixed to the internal face of the rear bovine casing (103) by means of screws and nuts.
El dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) está conformado por la base interior (131 ), el riel de desplazamiento (126), el tornillo fijador (127), el brazo móvil (128), la caja de engranes (129), el motor a pasos (110), el disco giratorio (130) y ocho puntas intercambiables (125), los cuales son los elementos que interactúan mecánicamente para hacer girar los ovarios artificiales (109) de manera controlada, adicionalmente permiten posicionar al dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) de forma vertical u horizontal, dependiendo del examen ginecológico que el usuario desee simular. Lo cual significa que si el usuario desea palpar los ovarios artificiales (109) para hacer una simulación con órganos genitales artificiales, deberá colocar el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) en posición vertical, ya que solo en esta posición el usuario podrá alcanzar los ovarios artificiales (109) introduciendo su brazo por el orificio anal (105). Dicho dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) está fijado a la cara interna de la carcasa bovina posterior (103) por medio de tornillos y tuercas. Los ocho ovarios artificiales (109) son ocho réplicas de ovarios bovinos reales, los cuales están elaborados de silicón, proporcionándole al usuario la sensación de estar palpando ovarios bovinos reales. Los ocho ovarios presentan diferentes formas y tamaños entre sí, en donde dichas formas y tamaños corresponden a diferentes etapas en el ciclo estral de una hembra bovina. De esta forma, el usuario puede palpar diferentes ovarios artificiales para adquirir habilidades y destrezas de palpación necesarias para realizar el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio de palpación rectal, ya que al distinguir las diferencias de tamaño y forma que existen entre los ocho ovarios artificiales, el usuario puede relacionarlas con una etapa del ciclo estral bovino y así realizar un diagnóstico basado en la morfología del ovario artificial que está palpando. The ovarian rotator device (108) is formed by the inner base (131), the travel rail (126), the fixing screw (127), the movable arm (128), the gearbox (129), the motor in steps (110), the rotating disk (130) and eight interchangeable tips (125), which are the elements that interact mechanically to rotate the artificial ovaries (109) in a controlled manner, in addition to positioning the ovarian rotator device ( 108) vertically or horizontally, depending on the gynecological exam that the user wishes to simulate. Which means that if the user wishes to palpate the artificial ovaries (109) to make a simulation with artificial genital organs, the ovarian rotator device (108) must be placed in an upright position, since only in this position can the user reach the ovaries artificial (109) introducing his arm through the anal opening (105). Said ovarian rotator device (108) is fixed to the inner face of the rear bovine housing (103) by means of screws and nuts. The eight artificial ovaries (109) are eight replicas of real bovine ovaries, which are made of silicone, giving the user the feeling of being palpating real bovine ovaries. The eight ovaries have different shapes and sizes with each other, where these shapes and sizes correspond to different stages in the estrous cycle of a female bovine. In this way, the user can palpate different artificial ovaries to acquire palpation skills and abilities necessary to make the diagnosis of the estrous cycle by means of rectal palpation, since by distinguishing the differences in size and shape that exist between the eight artificial ovaries, The user can relate them to a stage of the bovine estrous cycle and thus make a diagnosis based on the morphology of the artificial ovary that is palpating.
El motor a pasos (110), el cual forma parte del dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108), es el elemento encargado de proporcionar el movimiento giratorio necesario para hacer girar los ovarios artificiales. Dicho movimiento giratorio es transmitido desde la flecha o eje del motor a pasos (110) hacia la caja de engranes (129), los cuales, a su vez, transmiten el movimiento giratorio a la flecha o eje perteneciente al disco giratorio (130), el cual, a su vez, hace girar las ocho puntas intercambiables (125) con sus respectivos ovarios artificiales (109). La energía electica necesaria para hacer funcionar el motor a pasos (110), proviene de la fuente eléctrica (123), en donde esta última es controlada por el microcontrolador (122), a través de la interfaz gráfica desplegada en la pantalla de la computadora (124), de tal manera que el usuario puede controlar el giro de los ocho ovarios artificiales (109) a través de la computadora (124). The stepper motor (110), which is part of the ovarian rotator device (108), is the element responsible for providing the rotational movement necessary to rotate the artificial ovaries. Said rotating movement is transmitted from the arrow or shaft of the stepper motor (110) to the gearbox (129), which, in turn, transmits the rotating movement to the arrow or shaft belonging to the rotating disk (130), which, in turn, rotates the eight interchangeable tips (125) with their respective artificial ovaries (109). The electrical energy necessary to run the motor in steps (110), comes from the electrical source (123), where the latter is controlled by the microcontroller (122), through the graphical interface displayed on the computer screen (124), such that the user can control the rotation of the eight artificial ovaries (109) through the computer (124).
El anillo de presión (1 11), es un anillo hueco fabricado con plástico elástico y recubierto con tela elástica, de manera similar a la manga inflable de un baumanómetro médico o a un flotador inflable acuático para brazo. La forma de anillo hueco del anillo de presión ( 1 1), permite simular la presión anal ejercida alrededor del brazo del veterinario, que introduce su brazo en el ano de un bovino, para llevar a cabo la palpación rectal, ya que el anillo de presión (1 11) está fijado en el contorno interno del orificio anal (105), en la parte interna de la carcasa bovina posterior (103), de tal forma que cuando el usuario introduce su brazo en el orificio anal (105), el anillo de presión (111) rodea su brazo. La simulación de presión anal es posible debido a que la bomba (114) suministra aire al anillo de presión (111) inflándolo alrededor del brazo del usuario, y produciéndole la sensación de estar introduciendo el brazo en el ano de un bovino real al realizar una palpación rectal. The pressure ring (11) is a hollow ring made of elastic plastic and covered with elastic fabric, similar to the inflatable sleeve of a medical baumanometer or an inflatable water arm float. The hollow ring shape of the pressure ring (1 1) allows to simulate the anal pressure exerted around the veterinarian's arm, which introduces its arm into the anus of a bovine, to perform rectal palpation, since the pressure ring (11) is fixed in the internal contour of the anal opening (105), in the internal part of the bovine carcass posterior (103), so that when the user inserts his arm into the anal opening (105), the pressure ring (111) surrounds his arm. Anal pressure simulation is possible because the pump (114) supplies air to the pressure ring (111) by inflating it around the user's arm, and producing the sensation of introducing the arm into the anus of a real bovine when performing a rectal palpation
La electroválvula (112) permite regular la presión de aire en el interior del anillo de presión (11 1), al liberar al ambiente, de manera controlada, el aire contenido dentro del anillo de presión (111 ). En donde la liberación de aire al ambiente es controlada por medio de la apertura y cierre la electroválvula (112), la cual está conectada al anillo de presión (111) por medio de una manguera. La energía electica necesaria para abrir y cerrar la electroválvula (112), proviene de la fuente eléctrica (123), en donde esta última es controlada por el microcontrolador (122), el cual abre o cierra la electroválvula (112) en función de los parámetros de presión establecidos durante su programación y del valor de presión detectado por el sensor de presión (1 13). The solenoid valve (112) allows to regulate the air pressure inside the pressure ring (11 1), by releasing to the environment, in a controlled manner, the air contained within the pressure ring (111). Where the release of air into the environment is controlled by opening and closing the solenoid valve (112), which is connected to the pressure ring (111) by means of a hose. The electrical energy necessary to open and close the solenoid valve (112), comes from the electrical source (123), where the latter is controlled by the microcontroller (122), which opens or closes the solenoid valve (112) depending on the pressure parameters set during programming and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (1 13).
El sensor de presión (113) monitorea permanentemente la presión dentro del anillo de presión (1 11 ), ya que se encuentra conectado a éste último por medio de una manguera. La señal digital proveniente del sensor de presión (1 3) es transmitida hacia el microcontrolador (122) por medio de cables, para que de esta forma el microcontrolador (122) pueda comparar el valor de presión detectado por el sensor de presión (113) con los parámetros de presión establecidos durante su programación, de tal forma que cuando el valor de presión detectado por el sensor de presión ( 3) es menor o igual que el valor mínimo de presión programado en el microcontrolador (122), la electroválvula (1 12) se cierra para evitar que el aire dentro del anillo de presión (11 ) sea liberado al ambiente, sin embargo, cuando el valor de presión detectado por el sensor de presión (1 13) es mayor o igual que el valor máximo de presión programado en el mícrocontrolador (122), la electroválvula (112) se abre para liberar el aire dentro del anillo de presión (111) al ambiente hasta llegar de nuevo al valor mínimo de presión programado en el mícrocontrolador (122). Esta apertura y cierre controlado de la electroválvula (1 2) permite que el anillo de presión (111) se infle y se desinfle de manera cíclica y constante, imitando así la presión anal pulsante que ejerce el ano de un bovino real alrededor del brazo de un veterinario mientras éste realiza una palpación rectal bovina, la cual es una respuesta fisiológica. The pressure sensor (113) permanently monitors the pressure inside the pressure ring (11), as it is connected to the latter by means of a hose. The digital signal from the pressure sensor (1 3) is transmitted to the microcontroller (122) by means of cables, so that the microcontroller (122) can compare the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (113) with the pressure parameters established during programming, so that when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (3) is less than or equal to the minimum pressure value programmed in the microcontroller (122), the solenoid valve (1 12) closes to prevent air inside the pressure ring (11) from being released into the environment, without However, when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (1 13) is greater than or equal to the maximum pressure value programmed in the microcontroller (122), the solenoid valve (112) opens to release the air into the ring of pressure (111) to the environment until the minimum pressure value programmed in the microcontroller (122) is reached again. This controlled opening and closing of the solenoid valve (1 2) allows the pressure ring (111) to inflate and deflate in a cyclical and constant manner, thus mimicking the pulsating anal pressure exerted by the anus of a real bovine around the arm of A veterinarian while he performs a bovine rectal palpation, which is a physiological response.
La bomba (114) infla el anillo de presión (111) al suministrar o introducir aire a presión en el interior del anillo de presión (111) por medio de una manguera. La energía electica necesaria para hacer funcionar la bomba (114), proviene de la fuente eléctricaThe pump (114) inflates the pressure ring (111) by supplying or introducing pressurized air into the pressure ring (111) by means of a hose. The electrical energy necessary to operate the pump (114), comes from the electrical source
(123) , en donde esta última es controlada por el mícrocontrolador (122), el cual enciende la bomba (114) a través de la interfaz gráfica desplegada en la pantalla de la computadora(123), where the latter is controlled by the microcontroller (122), which turns on the pump (114) through the graphical interface displayed on the computer screen
(124) , de tal manera que el usuario puede controlar el encendido de la bomba (114) a través de la computadora (124). (124), so that the user can control the ignition of the pump (114) through the computer (124).
La charola metálica (115) es un recipiente metálico destinado a contener la matriz real bovina (116). La charola metálica (115) solo se utiliza cuando el usuario desea palpar órganos genitales bovinos reales utilizando la presente invención, por lo que debe ser introducida en la carcasa bovina posterior (103) y fijada a ésta última al colocarla en los soportes internos (107). Una vez que el usuario haya terminado de utilizar la presente invención para palpar órganos genitales bovinos reales, la charola metálica (115) debe ser retirada de los soportes internos (107), para sacar la matriz real bovina (116) de la charola metálica (115). De esta manera, por medio de la charola metálica (115) y la matriz real bovina (116) el usuario puede palpar órganos genitales bovinos reales, mientras que con el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) en posición vertical, el usuario puede palpar los ovarios artificiales ( 09), por lo que la presente invención permite realizar simulaciones con órganos genitales artificiales y órganos genitales reales bovinos. La matriz real bovina (116) es un órgano genital bovino real, el cual es utilizado cuando el usuario desea palpar órganos genitales bovinos reales utilizando la presente invención, a lo que también se le llama "prueba en fresco". The metal tray (115) is a metal container intended to contain the real bovine matrix (116). The metal tray (115) is only used when the user wishes to palpate real bovine genital organs using the present invention, so it must be introduced into the posterior bovine casing (103) and fixed to the latter when placed in the internal supports (107 ). Once the user has finished using the present invention to palpate real bovine genital organs, the metal tray (115) must be removed from the internal supports (107), to remove the real bovine matrix (116) from the metal tray ( 115). In this way, by means of the metal tray (115) and the real bovine matrix (116) the user can palpate real bovine genital organs, while with the rotary device of ovaries (108) in vertical position, the user can palpate the artificial ovaries (09), whereby the present invention allows simulations with artificial genital organs and real bovine genital organs. The real bovine matrix (116) is a real bovine genital organ, which is used when the user wishes to palpate real bovine genital organs using the present invention, which is also called "fresh test".
La cámara de video digital (117) es una cámara web que permite visualizar todo lo que sucede en el interior de la presente invención. Dicha visualización es posible debido a que la cámara de video digital (1 17) está conectada directamente a la computadora (124) a través de un cable USB, por lo que el usuario puede monitorear y visualizar todo lo que sucede en el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103) en tiempo real, a través de interfaz gráfica desplegada en la pantalla de la computadora (124). The digital video camera (117) is a webcam that allows visualizing everything that happens inside the present invention. This visualization is possible because the digital video camera (1 17) is connected directly to the computer (124) through a USB cable, so the user can monitor and visualize everything that happens inside the camera. rear bovine casing (103) in real time, through a graphical interface displayed on the computer screen (124).
El dedal (1 18) es un dedal de tela similar al dedo de un guante, el cual está conformado por la cinta de velero (1 19), el cable eléctrico de señal (120) y el sensor dactilar (121). La función principal del dedal (1 18) es detectar la presión que el usuario ejerce sobre un ovario artificial (109), o bien sobre un ovario de la matriz real bovina (116), al simular un examen ginecológico bovino utilizando la presente invención. Dicho dedal (118) se coloca en el dedo del usuario que se desea monitorear o examinar, el cual generalmente es el dedo índice. The thimble (1 18) is a fabric thimble similar to the finger of a glove, which is made up of the sailboat belt (1 19), the electrical signal cable (120) and the finger sensor (121). The main function of the thimble (1 18) is to detect the pressure that the user exerts on an artificial ovary (109), or on an ovary of the real bovine matrix (116), when simulating a bovine gynecological examination using the present invention. Said thimble (118) is placed on the finger of the user to be monitored or examined, which is generally the index finger.
La colocación del dedal (1 18) en el dedo del usuario se asegura con la cinta de velero (119), la cual está unida a la base del dedal (118), evitando que el dedal (118) se separe del dedo del usuario durante la simulación. Adicionalmente, el cable eléctrico de señal (120), el cual está fijado a la cinta de velero (1 19) y pasa por el interior del dedal (118), es el encargado de proveer la energía eléctrica necesaria para que el sensor dactilar (121) funcione, al mismo tiempo que envía las señales digitales que recibe de dicho sensor hacia el microcontrolador (122). De tal forma que el microcontrolador (122) está registrando constantemente la presión ejercida entre el dedo del usuario y cualquier objeto que éste toque mientras utiliza el dedal (118). The placement of the thimble (1 18) on the user's finger is secured with the sailboat belt (119), which is attached to the base of the thimble (118), preventing the thimble (118) from separating from the user's finger during simulation Additionally, the electrical signal cable (120), which is fixed to the sailboat belt (1 19) and passes through the inside of the thimble (118), is responsible for providing the electrical energy necessary for the fingerprint sensor (121) to function, while sending the digital signals it receives from said sensor to the microcontroller (122). So that the microcontroller (122) is constantly recording the pressure exerted between the user's finger and any object he touches while using the thimble (118).
El sensor dactilar (121) es un sensor de fuerza fijado en el interior del dedal (118) y ubicado en la punta del mismo, entre la huella digital del dedo del usuario y la tela del dedal (118). El sensor dactilar (121) está conectado al cable electico de señal (120) para su alimentación y para la transmisión de señales digitales hacia el microcontrolador (122), y su función es detectar la fuerza que se aplica entre la huella digital del dedo del usuario y el objeto que está palpando al utilizar el dedal (118). The finger sensor (121) is a force sensor fixed inside the thimble (118) and located at the tip thereof, between the fingerprint of the user's finger and the thimble fabric (118). The finger sensor (121) is connected to the electronic signal cable (120) for its power and for the transmission of digital signals to the microcontroller (122), and its function is to detect the force that is applied between the fingerprint of the finger of the user and the object you are feeling when using the thimble (118).
El microcontrolador (122) es el dispositivo electico que controla el encendido y apagado del motor a pasos (110) y de la bomba (114), así como la apertura y cierre de la electroválvula (112), todo a través de la fuente eléctrica (123), la cual recibe señales de activación de en función del programa grabado en el microcontrolador (122) y en función de las instrucciones que el usuario seleccione por medio de computadora (124). Adicionalmente, el microcontrolador (122) monitorea las señales provenientes del sensor de presión (113) y del sensor dactilar (121), procesando dichas señales y traduciéndolas en acciones de los actuadores o bien desplegando los datos correspondientes a través de la computadora (124). Al mismo tiempo, el microcontrolador (122), proporciona la energía eléctrica necesaria para que el sensor de presión (113) y el sensor dactilar (121) funcionen adecuadamente. La fuente eléctrica (123) es el dispositivo eléctrico que proporciona la energía la energía eléctrica necesaria para que el motor a pasos (1 10), la bomba (114) y la electroválvula (112) puedan funcionar adecuadamente. La computadora (124) permite que el usuario opere fácilmente la presente invención a través de la interfaz táctil desplegada en su pantalla, así como la selección de opciones o asignación de instrucciones por medio su teclado y su ratón. Esta facilidad de operación se logra por medio de la interacción de la computadora (124) y del microcontrolador (122) a través un software computacional creado para dicho propósito, el cual despliega datos al usuario al mismo tiempo que le muestra el video registrado por la cámara de video digital (117). Dicho software también le permite al usuario girar el disco giratorio (130) para que éste se ubique en una posición que le permita palpar los ovarios artificiales (109) de su interés. Adicionalmente la computadora (124) permite registrar la presión que el usuario ejerce sobre los órganos genitales artificiales y sobre los órganos genitales reales bovinos durante el examen ginecológico para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, ya que crea un registro de las presiones detectadas por el sensor dactilar (121) durante la simulación. Finalmente el registro de datos puede ser almacenado en la memoria de la computadora (124) para su futura consulta. Las ocho puntas intercambiables (125) son ocho piezas metálicas con una punta superior y una punta inferior cada una, en donde la punta superior se inserta en un ovario artificial (109) mientras que su punta inferior se atornilla en el disco giratorio (130) a través de los orificios ubicados en el perímetro del disco giratorio (130), lo cual permite que las puntas intercambiables (125) puedan cambiarse de orificio, otorgándole al usuario la posibilidad de cambiar el orden en el que se encuentran posicionados los ovarios artificiales (109). El riel de desplazamiento (126) es una placa con una ranura en forma de curva, la cual permite que el tornillo fijador (127) pueda desplazarse libremente en el interior de la misma cuando éste último se encuentra sin apriete. El tornillo fijador (127) es un tornillo que pasa a través de la ranura en forma de curva del riel de desplazamiento (126) para insertarse en un orificio con cuerda del brazo móvil (128). The microcontroller (122) is the electronic device that controls the on and off of the stepper motor (110) and the pump (114), as well as the opening and closing of the solenoid valve (112), all through the electrical source (123), which receives activation signals based on the program recorded on the microcontroller (122) and based on the instructions that the user selects by means of a computer (124). Additionally, the microcontroller (122) monitors the signals from the pressure sensor (113) and the fingerprint sensor (121), processing said signals and translating them into actions of the actuators or by displaying the corresponding data through the computer (124) . At the same time, the microcontroller (122) provides the electrical energy necessary for the pressure sensor (113) and the finger sensor (121) to function properly. The electrical source (123) is the electrical device that provides the energy with the necessary electrical energy so that the stepper motor (1 10), the pump (114) and the solenoid valve (112) can function properly. The computer (124) allows the user to easily operate the present invention through the touch interface displayed on its screen, as well as the selection of options or assignment of instructions by means of its keyboard and mouse. This ease of operation is achieved through the interaction of the computer (124) and the microcontroller (122) through computer software created for this purpose, which displays data to the user at the same time as the video recorded by the digital video camera (117). Said software also allows the user to rotate the rotating disk (130) so that it is located in a position that allows it to palpate the artificial ovaries (109) of interest. Additionally, the computer (124) allows to record the pressure that the user exerts on the artificial genital organs and on the real bovine genital organs during the gynecological examination for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, since it creates a record of the pressures detected by the finger sensor (121) during the simulation. Finally, the data record can be stored in the computer memory (124) for future reference. The eight interchangeable tips (125) are eight metal parts with an upper tip and a lower tip each, where the upper tip is inserted into an artificial ovary (109) while its lower tip is screwed into the rotating disk (130) through the holes located in the perimeter of the rotating disk (130), which allows the interchangeable tips (125) to be able to change the hole, giving the user the possibility of changing the order in which the artificial ovaries are positioned ( 109). The travel rail (126) is a plate with a curve-shaped groove, which allows the fixing screw (127) to move freely inside the latter when the latter is without tightening. The fixing screw (127) is a screw that passes through the curve-shaped groove of the travel rail (126) to be inserted into a rope hole of the movable arm (128).
La interacción entre el riel de desplazamiento (126) y el tornillo fijador (127), permite que la unión del brazo móvil (128) con la base interior (131 ) sea una "unión móvil" solo cuando el tornillo fijador (127) se encuentra sin apriete, sin embargo dicha interacción, también permite que la unión del brazo móvil (128) con la base interior (131) sea una "unión fija" cuando el tornillo fijador (127) se encuentra apretado. Debido a esta interacción, el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) puede ser configurado en posición vertical cuando el apriete del tornillo fijador (127) se realice con el brazo móvil (128) en posición vertical, o bien, el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) puede ser configurado en posición horizontal cuando el apriete del tornillo fijador (127) se realice con el brazo móvil (128) en posición horizontal. El brazo móvil (128) es un perfil rectangular que está unido a la base interior (131) por medio de una unión móvil giratoria tipo bisagra, lo que le permite posicionarse vertical u horizontalmente. The interaction between the travel rail (126) and the fixing screw (127), allows the joint of the mobile arm (128) with the inner base (131) to be a "mobile joint" only when the fixing screw (127) is However, it does not tighten, but this interaction also allows the joint of the movable arm (128) with the inner base (131) to be a "fixed joint" when the fixing screw (127) is tightened. Due to this interaction, the ovarian rotator device (108) can be configured in an upright position when the clamping screw (127) is tightened with the movable arm (128) in an upright position, or the ovarian rotator device ( 108) can be set in a horizontal position when the clamping screw (127) is tightened with the movable arm (128) in a horizontal position. The mobile arm (128) is a rectangular profile that is attached to the inner base (131) by means of a hinge-type rotating mobile joint, which allows it to position itself vertically or horizontally.
La caja de engranes (129) está conformada por engranaje de tornillo sinfín corona, el cual está conformado por un tornillo sin fin y una rueda helicoidal, en donde el tornillo sinfín está acoplado a la flecha del motor a pasos (110), mientras que la rueda helicoidal está acoplada a la flecha del disco giratorio (130). El disco giratorio (130) es un disco redondo con un eje o flecha en su centro para acoplarse con la caja de engranes (129), además cuanta con ocho orificios en su perímetro que permiten atornillar ocho puntas intercambiables correspondientemente. The gearbox (129) is made up of crown worm gear, which is made up of a worm and a worm wheel, where the worm is coupled to the stepper motor shaft (110), while the helical wheel is coupled to the arrow of the rotating disk (130). The rotating disk (130) is a round disk with an axis or arrow in its center to engage with the gearbox (129), as well as eight holes in its perimeter that allow to screw eight correspondingly interchangeable tips.
La base interior (131) es una placa metálica solada a un perfil metálico y su principal función es proporcionar una base para fijar el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) a la carcasa bovina posterior (103). La durabilidad de los materiales de las partes que lo componen la presente invención fueron seleccionados para permitir que los usuarios practiquen en repetidas ocasiones el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio de palpación rectal, ya sea con órganos genitales reales o artificiales, ya que de esta forma no se necesita practicar con un bovino vivo real para adquirir destreza y habilidad en la técnica del diagnóstico, evitando así los problemas que conlleva. The inner base (131) is a metal plate screed to a metal profile and its main function is to provide a base for fixing the ovarian rotator device (108) to the rear bovine housing (103). The durability of the materials of the parts that compose the present invention were selected to allow users to repeatedly practice the diagnosis of the estrous cycle through rectal palpation, either with real or artificial genital organs, since in this way It is not necessary to practice with a real live bovine to acquire skill and skill in the diagnostic technique, thus avoiding the problems that it entails.
Debido a las características de configuración de la presente invención, se pueden obtener dos modalidades correspondientes, las cuales son las dos configuraciones que responden al tipo de simulación que el usuario desea realizar, por lo que a continuación se explicará detalladamente en que consiste cada una de ellas: Due to the configuration characteristics of the present invention, two corresponding modalities can be obtained, which are the two configurations that respond to the type of simulation that the user wishes to carry out, whereby each of them will be explained in detail below. they:
- Primera modalidad de la invención - First embodiment of the invention
La primera modalidad de la invención (Figura 2), es la configuración que corresponde a una simulación de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral con el objetivo de que el usuario .adquiera las habilidades y destrezas de palpación necesarias para realizar el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio de palpación rectal, utilizando ovarios artificiales (109). Por lo que el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) debe configurarse o colocarse en posición vertical después de que la charola metálica (115) y la matriz real bovina (1 15) hayan sido retiradas del interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103). Posteriormente el usuario debe encender la computadora (124) y la fuente eléctricaThe first embodiment of the invention (Figure 2) is the configuration corresponding to a simulation of a gynecological examination for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle with the objective that the user acquires the palpation skills and abilities necessary to perform the diagnosis of the estrous cycle through rectal palpation, using artificial ovaries (109). So the ovarian rotator device (108) must be configured or placed in an upright position after the metal tray (115) and the real bovine matrix (1 15) have been removed from the inside of the rear bovine casing (103). Subsequently the user must turn on the computer (124) and the electrical source
(123), para después colocarse el dedal (108) en su dedo índice. (123), then place the thimble (108) on your index finger.
Una vez que el usuario ha realizado los pasos anteriores (Figura 10) puede proceder a realizar la simulación introduciendo su brazo en el orificio anal (105) atreves del anillo de presión (1 11) y de la estructura pélvica (106), hasta tocar un ovario artificial (109). Once the user has completed the previous steps (Figure 10), he can proceed with the simulation by inserting his arm into the anal opening (105) through the pressure ring (11) and the pelvic structure (106), until touching an artificial ovary (109).
Después de realizar la simulación, el usuario podrá visualizar los datos y el video generado durante la simulación en la pantalla de la computadora (124), en donde dichos datos corresponden a las presiones realizadas durante la palpación de ovarios artificiales (109), los cuales también pueden ser visualizados en tiempo real. After performing the simulation, the user will be able to visualize the data and the video generated during the simulation on the computer screen (124), where said data corresponds to the pressures made during palpation of artificial ovaries (109), which They can also be displayed in real time.
Finalmente el usuario puede usar los datos y el video generados durante la simulación, para compararlos con los datos y el video generados durante la simulación de un veterinario experto, y así identificar los errores de su técnica, o bien, puede compararlos con los datos y el video generados en una simulación previa de él mismo, y así comprobar su progreso y aprendizaje de la técnica, y por consiguiente, el desarrollo de sus habilidades. Finally, the user can use the data and video generated during the simulation, to compare them with the data and video generated during the simulation of an expert veterinarian, and thus identify the errors of his technique, or, he can compare them with the data and the video generated in a previous simulation of himself, and thus check his progress and learning technique, and consequently, the development of his skills.
Adicionalmente la interfaz gráfica muestra en tiempo real la presión que el usuario está ejerciendo sobre el ovario artificial (109) por medio de un código de colores, en donde el usuario puede conocer si la presión ejercida es excedente si se despliega el color rojo, adecuada si se despliega el color verde, baja si se despliega el color amarillo o insuficiente si se despliega el color azul, de acuerdo con un parámetro de presión óptima establecido durante la programación del software, proporcionándole al usuario una retroalimentación en tiempo real. Additionally, the graphic interface shows in real time the pressure that the user is exerting on the artificial ovary (109) by means of a color code, where the user can know if the pressure exerted is excessive if the red color is displayed, adequate if the green color is displayed, it drops if the yellow or insufficient color is displayed if the blue color is displayed, according to an optimum pressure parameter set during the software programming, providing the user with real-time feedback.
- Segunda modalidad de la invención  - Second embodiment of the invention
La segunda modalidad de la invención (Figura 3), es la configuración que corresponde a una simulación de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral con el objetivo de que el usuario adquiera las habilidades y destrezas de palpación necesarias para realizar el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio de palpación rectal, utilizando la matriz real bovina (116). Por lo que el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) debe configurarse o colocarse en posición horizontal antes de introducir la charola metálica (115) y la matriz real bovina (115) en la carcasa bovina posterior (103).  The second embodiment of the invention (Figure 3) is the configuration corresponding to a simulation of a gynecological examination for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle with the objective that the user acquires the palpation skills and abilities necessary to perform the diagnosis of the cycle. estral by means of rectal palpation, using the real bovine matrix (116). Therefore, the ovarian rotator device (108) must be configured or placed horizontally before inserting the metal tray (115) and the real bovine matrix (115) into the rear bovine housing (103).
Posteriormente el usuario debe encender la computadora (124) y la fuente eléctrica (123), para después colocarse el dedal (108) en su dedo índice. Subsequently, the user must turn on the computer (124) and the electrical source (123), then place the thimble (108) on his index finger.
Una vez que el usuario ha realizado los pasos anteriores (Figura 11) puede proceder a realizar la simulación introduciendo su brazo en el orificio anal (105) atreves del anillo de presión (1 1 1) y de la estructura pélvica (106), hasta tocar un ovario de la matriz real bovina (116). Once the user has completed the previous steps (Figure 11), he can proceed with the simulation by inserting his arm into the anal opening (105) through the pressure ring (1 1 1) and the pelvic structure (106), until touching an ovary of the real bovine matrix (116).
Después de realizar la simulación, el usuario podrá visualizar los datos y el video generado durante la simulación en la pantalla de la computadora (124), en donde dichos datos corresponden a las presiones realizadas durante la palpación de los ovarios de la matriz real bovina (116), los cuales también pueden ser visualizados en tiempo real. After performing the simulation, the user can visualize the data and the video generated during the simulation on the computer screen (124), where said data corresponds to the pressures made during palpation of the ovaries of the real bovine matrix ( 116), which can also be displayed in real time.
Finalmente el usuario puede usar los datos y el video generados durante la simulación, para compararlos con los datos y el video generados durante la simulación de un veterinario experto, y así identificar los errores de su técnica, o bien, puede compararlos con los datos y el video generados en una simulación previa de él mismo, y así comprobar su progreso y aprendizaje de la técnica, y por consiguiente, el desarrollo de sus habilidades. Finally, the user can use the data and video generated during the simulation, to compare them with the data and video generated during the simulation of An expert veterinarian, and thus identify the errors of his technique, or, can compare them with the data and video generated in a previous simulation of himself, and thus check his progress and learning of the technique, and therefore, the development of your skills
Adicionalmente la interfaz gráfica muestra en tiempo real la presión que el usuario está ejerciendo sobre el ovario de la matriz real bovina (116) por medio de un código de colores, en donde el usuario puede conocer si la presión ejercida es excedente si se despliega el color rojo, adecuada si se despliega el color verde, baja si se despliega el color amarillo o insuficiente si se despliega el color azul, de acuerdo con un parámetro de presión óptima establecido durante la programación del software, proporcionándole al usuario una retroalimentación en tiempo real. Additionally, the graphical interface shows in real time the pressure that the user is exerting on the ovary of the real bovine matrix (116) by means of a color code, where the user can know if the pressure exerted is excessive if the pressure is displayed. red color, suitable if the green color is displayed, low if the yellow color is displayed or insufficient if the blue color is displayed, according to an optimal pressure parameter set during the software programming, providing the user with real-time feedback .
Por lo anterior, será evidente para cualquier experto en la materia que las modalidades de la presente invención, son únicamente ilustrativas más no limitativas de la presente invención, ya que son posibles numerosos cambios de consideración en sus detalles, pero sin apartarse del alcance de la invención. Therefore, it will be apparent to any person skilled in the art that the modalities of the present invention are only illustrative but not limiting of the present invention, since numerous changes in consideration in their details are possible, but without departing from the scope of the invention.
Aun cuando se han ilustrado y descrito ciertas modalidades de la invención, debe hacerse hincapié en que son posibles numerosas modificaciones a la misma, pero tales modificaciones no representarían un alejamiento del verdadero alcance de la invención. Por lo tanto, la presente invención no deberá considerarse como restringida excepto por lo establecido en el estado de la técnica, así como por el alcance de las reivindicaciones anexas. Although certain embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it should be emphasized that numerous modifications to it are possible, but such modifications would not represent a departure from the true scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be considered as restricted except as set forth in the prior art, as well as by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

NOVEDAD DE LA INVENCIÓN REIVINDICACIONES NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION REIVINDICATIONS
1. - Un simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, caracterizado porque comprende: una carcasa bovina frontal (101), una base frontal (102), una carcasa bovina posterior (103), una base posterior (104), un orificio anal (105), una estructura pélvica (106), una pluralidad de soportes internos (107), un dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108), una pluralidad de ovarios artificiales (109), un motor a pasos (110), un anillo de presión (111 ), una electroválvula (112), un sensor de presión (113), una bomba (1 14), una charola metálica (1 15), una matriz real bovina (116), una cámara de video digital (117), un dedal (118), un cinta de velero (119), un cable eléctrico de señal (120), un sensor dactilar (121), un microcontrolador (122), una fuente eléctrica (123), una computadora (124), una pluralidad de puntas intercambiables (125), un riel de desplazamiento ( 26), un tornillo fijador ( 27), un brazo móvil (128), una caja de engranes (129), un disco giratorio (130) y una base interior (131 ). 1. - A bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle, characterized in that it comprises: a frontal bovine carcass (101), a frontal base (102), a posterior bovine carcass (103), a posterior base (104), an anal orifice (105), a pelvic structure (106), a plurality of internal supports (107), an ovarian rotator device (108), a plurality of artificial ovaries (109), a stepper motor (110), a pressure ring (111), an electrovalve (112), a pressure sensor (113), a pump (1 14), a metal tray (1 15), a real bovine matrix (116), a digital video camera ( 117), a thimble (118), a sailboat belt (119), an electrical signal cable (120), a finger sensor (121), a microcontroller (122), an electrical source (123), a computer (124 ), a plurality of interchangeable tips (125), a travel rail (26), a set screw (27), a movable arm (128), a gearbox (129), a disc swivel (130) and an inner base (131).
2. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la carcasa bovina frontal (101) y la carcasa bovina posterior (103), imitan la apariencia de la parte frontal y posterior del cuerpo de una hembra bovina real de forma correspondiente. 2. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the front bovine carcass (101) and the rear bovine carcass (103) mimic the appearance of the front and back of the body of a real bovine female correspondingly.
3. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque base frontal (102) y la base posterior (104), proporcionan estabilidad a la carcasa frontal (101) y a la carcasa posterior (103) de forma correspondiente. 3. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the front base (102) and the rear base (104) provide stability to the front housing (101) and the back housing (103) correspondingly.
4.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el orificio anal (105) imita la forma del ano de una hembra bovina real. 4. The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the anal opening (105) mimics the shape of the anus of a real bovine female.
5.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la estructura pélvica (106) imita la forma de los huesos pélvicos de una hembra bovina real. 5.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the pelvic structure (106) imitates the shape of the pelvic bones of a real bovine female.
6. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la pluralidad de soportes internos (107) proporciona una base firme para colocar la charola mecánica (1 15). 6. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of internal supports (107) provides a firm base for placing the mechanical tray (1 15).
7. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) permite el movimiento giratorio de los ovarios artificiales (109) utilizando el giro de la flecha del motor a pasos (110). 7. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary ovarian device (108) allows the rotational movement of the artificial ovaries (109) using the rotation of the arrow of the stepper motor (110).
8. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 7, caracterizado porque dicho dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) se puede configurar en posición vertical u horizontal. 8. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 7, characterized in that said ovarian rotary device (108) can be configured in a vertical or horizontal position.
9.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la pluralidad de ovarios artificiales (109) imitan la forma y la textura de un ovario bovino real. 9. The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of artificial ovaries (109) mimic the shape and texture of a real bovine ovary.
10.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque motor a pasos (1 10) proporciona el movimiento giratorio necesario para girar los ovarios artificiales (109). 10. The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the stepper motor (1 10) provides the rotational movement necessary to rotate the artificial ovaries (109).
11.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el anillo de presión (111) imita la presión anal bovina real. 11.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure ring (111) imitates the real bovine anal pressure.
12. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la electroválvula (112) regula la presión de aire en el interior del anillo de presión (111) por medio de una manguera. 12. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the solenoid valve (112) regulates the air pressure inside the pressure ring (111) by means of a hose.
13. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el sensor de presión (113) monitorea la presión de aire en el interior del anillo de presión (111) a través de una manguera. 13. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure sensor (113) monitors the air pressure inside the pressure ring (111) through a hose.
14. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la bomba (114) introduce aire a presión en el interior del anillo de presión (1 11) por medio de una manguera. 14. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump (114) introduces pressurized air into the pressure ring (11) by means of a hose.
15.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la charola metálica (115) contiene la matriz bovina real (116). 15.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal tray (115) contains the real bovine matrix (116).
16.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la matriz real bovina (116) permite al usuario palpar un órgano genital bovino real. 16.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the real bovine matrix (116) allows the user to palpate a real bovine genital organ.
17.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la cámara de video digital (117) permite al usuario observar en tiempo real el interior de la carcasa bovina posterior (103). 17.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the digital video camera (117) allows the user to observe in real time the interior of the posterior bovine casing (103).
18.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el dedal (118) detecta la presión que el usuario ejerce sobre un ovario artificial (109), o bien sobre un ovario de la matriz real bovina (116), al realizar un examen ginecológico bovino utilizando la presente invención. 18.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the thimble (118) detects the pressure that the user exerts on an artificial ovary (109), or on an ovary of the real bovine matrix (116), when performing a bovine gynecological examination using the present invention.
19.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la cinta de velero (119) evita que el dedal (118) se separe del dedo del usuario durante la simulación. 19.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the sailboat belt (119) prevents the thimble (118) from separating from the user's finger during the simulation.
20.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el cable eléctrico de señal (120) provee la energía eléctrica necesaria para que el sensor dactilar (121) funcione, al mismo tiempo que envía las señales digitales que recibe de dicho sensor hacia el microcontrolador (122). 20. The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical signal cable (120) provides the electrical energy necessary for the fingerprint sensor (121) to function, at the same time which sends the digital signals it receives from said sensor to the microcontroller (122).
21.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el sensor dactilar (121) detecta la fuerza que se aplica entre la huella digital del dedo del usuario y el objeto que está palpando al utilizar el dedal (118). 21.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the finger sensor (121) detects the force that is applied between the fingerprint of the user's finger and the object he is feeling when using the thimble (118).
22. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el microcontrolador (122) controla el motor a pasos (1 10), la bomba (114) y la electroválvula (112), y monitorea el sensor de presión (113) y el sensor dactilar (121 ). 22. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the microcontroller (122) controls the stepper motor (1 10), the pump (114) and the solenoid valve (112) , and monitors the pressure sensor (113) and the finger sensor (121).
23. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la fuente eléctrica (123) proporciona la energía eléctrica necesaria para que el motor a pasos (1 10), la bomba (114) y la electroválvula (112) puedan funcionar adecuadamente. 23. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical source (123) provides the electrical energy necessary for the stepper motor (1 10), the pump (114 ) and solenoid valve (112) can function properly.
24. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la computadora (124) proporciona una interfaz gráfica y táctil para que el usuario opere la presente invención. 24. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the computer (124) provides a graphical and tactile interface for the user to operate the present invention.
25. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque cada una de la pluralidad de puntas intercambiables (125) se inserta en un ovario artificial (109) a través de su punta superior, mientras que su punta inferior se atornilla en el disco giratorio (130). 25. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the plurality of interchangeable tips (125) is inserted into an artificial ovary (109) through its upper tip , while its lower tip is screwed into the rotating disk (130).
26. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el riel de desplazamiento (126) permite que el tornillo fijador (127) pueda desplazarse libremente en el interior de su ranura en forma de curva cuando dicho tornillo fijador (127) se encuentra sin apriete. 26. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the travel rail (126) allows the fixing screw (127) to move freely inside its groove in the form of curve when said fixing screw (127) is without tightening.
27. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el tornillo fijador (127) atraviesa la ranura en forma de curva del riel de desplazamiento (126) para insertarse en un orificio con cuerda del brazo móvil ( 28). 27. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing screw (127) crosses the curve-shaped groove of the travel rail (126) to be inserted into a hole with mobile arm rope (28).
28. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 26 y 27, caracterizado porque la interacción entre el riel de desplazamiento (126) y el tornillo fijador (127), permite que la unión del brazo móvil (128) con la base interior (131) sea una "unión móvil" solo cuando el tornillo fijador (127) se encuentra sin apriete. 28. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 26 and 27, characterized in that the interaction between the travel rail (126) and the fixing screw (127), allows the arm joint mobile (128) with the inner base (131) is a "mobile joint" only when the fixing screw (127) is without tightening.
29. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 26 y 27, caracterizado porque la interacción entre el riel de desplazamiento (126) y el tornillo fijador (127), permite que la unión del brazo móvil (128) con la base interior (131) sea una "unión fija" cuando el tomillo fijador (127) se encuentra apretado. 29. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 26 and 27, characterized in that the interaction between the travel rail (126) and the fixing screw (127), allows the arm joint mobile (128) with the inner base (131) is a "fixed joint" when the fixing thyme (127) is tight.
30. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el brazo móvil (128) está unido a la base interior (131) por medio de una unión móvil giratoria tipo bisagra. 30. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable arm (128) is connected to the inner base (131) by means of a hinge-type rotating mobile joint.
31. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 30, caracterizado porque dicho brazo móvil (128) está fijado a la caja de engranes (129) y al motor a pasos (1 10). 31. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 30, characterized in that said movable arm (128) is fixed to the gearbox (129) and the stepper motor (1 10).
32.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la caja de engranes (129) está conformada por engranaje de tornillo sinfín corona. 32.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the gearbox (129) is formed by crown screw gear.
33.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 32, caracterizado porque el tornillo sinfín corona está conformado por un tornillo sin fin y una rueda helicoidal. 33. The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 32, characterized in that the crown screw is formed by an endless screw and a helical wheel.
34. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 31 , caracterizado porque el tornillo sinfín está acoplado a la flecha del motor a pasos (110), mientras que la rueda helicoidal está acoplada a la flecha del disco giratorio (130). 34. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 31, characterized in that the worm is coupled to the stepper motor shaft (110), while the helical wheel is coupled to the arrow of the rotating disk (130).
35. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la base interior (131) está fijada a la carcasa bovina posterior (103) por medio de tornillos. 35. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner base (131) is fixed to the rear bovine casing (103) by means of screws.
36. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque imita las condiciones sensoriales que un veterinario experimenta durante el examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio del método de palpación rectal aplicado a una hembra bovina, ya que las partes que lo conforman imitan la forma, el tamaño, la textura o la apariencia de órganos o partes del cuerpo de una hembra bovina real. 36. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it imitates the sensory conditions that a veterinarian experiences during the bovine gynecological examination for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle by means of the method of rectal palpation applied to a female bovine, since the parts that make it up mimic the shape, size, texture or appearance of organs or body parts of a real female bovine.
37. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque realiza simulaciones con órganos genitales artificiales y órganos genitales reales bovinos, ya que por medio de la charola metálica (115) y la matriz real bovina (116) el usuario puede palpar órganos genitales bovinos reales, mientras que con el dispositivo rotador de ovarios (108) en posición vertical, el usuario puede palpar los ovarios artificiales (109). 37. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that Performs simulations with artificial genital organs and real bovine genital organs, since by means of the metal tray (115) and the real bovine matrix (116) the user can palpate real bovine genital organs, while with the rotary device of ovaries (108 ) in an upright position, the user can palpate the artificial ovaries (109).
38.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque imita la presión anal pulsante ejercida por el bovino en el brazo del veterinario mientras éste realiza una palpación rectal bovina, ya que la apertura y cierre controlado de la electroválvula (1 12) permite que el anillo de presión (111) se infle y se desinfle de manera cíclica y constante. 38.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it mimics the pulsating anal pressure exerted by the bovine on the veterinarian's arm while the latter performs a bovine rectal palpation, since The controlled opening and closing of the solenoid valve (1 12) allows the pressure ring (111) to inflate and deflate in a cyclic and constant manner.
39.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque registra la presión que el usuario ejerce sobre los órganos genitales artificiales y sobre los órganos genitales reales bovinos durante el examen ginecológico para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral, ya que la computadora (124) crea un registro de las presiones detectadas por el sensor dactilar (121) durante la simulación. 39. The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it records the pressure that the user exerts on the artificial genital organs and on the real bovine genital organs during the gynecological examination for the estrous cycle diagnosis, since the computer (124) creates a record of the pressures detected by the finger sensor (121) during the simulation.
40.- El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque analiza el examen ginecológico realizado por el usuario y proporcionarle retroalimentación en tiempo real, ya que la interfaz gráfica muestra en tiempo real la presión que el usuario está ejerciendo sobre el ovario artificial (109) o sobre el ovario de la matriz real bovina (116) por medio de un código de colores. 40.- The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it analyzes the gynecological examination performed by the user and provide real-time feedback, since the graphical interface shows in real time the pressure that the user is exerting on the artificial ovary (109) or on the ovary of the real bovine matrix (116) by means of a color code.
41. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque almacena los datos generados durante el examen ginecológico realizado por un usuario, ya que el registro de datos puede ser almacenado en la memoria de la computadora (124) para su futura consulta. 41. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it stores the data generated during the gynecological examination performed by a user, since the data record can be stored in the Computer memory (124) for future reference.
42. - El simulador de examen ginecológico bovino para el diagnóstico del ciclo estral de conformidad con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque permite que los usuarios practiquen en repetidas ocasiones el diagnóstico del ciclo estral por medio de palpación rectal, ya sea con órganos genitales reales o artificiales, y sin la necesidad de practicar con un bovino vivo real, ya que las partes que lo componen están elaboradas con materiales duraderos. 42. - The bovine gynecological examination simulator for the diagnosis of the estrous cycle in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it allows users to repeatedly diagnose the estrous cycle by means of rectal palpation, either with genital organs. real or artificial, and without the need to practice with a real live bovine, since the parts that compose it are made with durable materials.
PCT/MX2014/000067 2013-05-03 2014-05-06 Bovine gynaecological exam simulator for diagnosis of the oestrous cycle WO2014178702A1 (en)

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