WO2013145702A1

WO2013145702A1 - Vehicle air-conditioning apparatus, heat exchanging device, and unit device for vehicle air conditioning

Info

Publication number: WO2013145702A1
Application number: PCT/JP2013/002023
Authority: WO
Inventors: 圭俊野田; 智裕寺田; 勝志谷口
Original assignee: パナソニック株式会社
Priority date: 2012-03-26
Filing date: 2013-03-25
Publication date: 2013-10-03
Also published as: JP2015037894A

Abstract

Provided is a vehicle air-conditioning device capable of achieving a more compact air-conditioning system that utilizes a refrigerant circuit and a cooling water circuit, and improved performance by reducing heat loss. This vehicle air-conditioning device has a configuration provided with: an outside heat exchanger (10) which exchanges heat between a refrigerant in a heat pump and air outside a vehicle interior; a water-refrigerant heat exchanger (30) which moves heat from the refrigerant to cooling water by passing the refrigerant and the cooling water therethrough; a heat release unit (50) which releases heat from the cooling water to air by passing the cooling water therethrough; a circulation means (52) which circulates the cooling water between the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (30) and the heat release unit (50); and an air blow path (200) through which air is blown into the vehicle interior and in which the heat release unit (50) is disposed midway, the outdoor heat exchanger (10) and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (30) being integrally joined.

Description

VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONER, HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE, AND VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING UNIT DEVICE

The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner mounted on a vehicle, a heat exchange device used in the vehicle air conditioner, and a vehicle air conditioning unit device.

Conventionally, several technologies have been proposed in which heat is exchanged between the refrigerant of the heat pump and the cooling water, and the cooling water performs a part of the cooling or heating operation of the air conditioner (for example, Patent Documents). 1 or 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-329532 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-330331

However, in an air conditioning system having a circuit for flowing a refrigerant and a circuit for flowing a cooling water, the number of components of the system increases with a plurality of devices that flow the refrigerant and a plurality of devices that flow the cooling water. Therefore, in such an air conditioning system, there is a problem that the entire system becomes large and has a complicated configuration.

Also, in such an air conditioning system, heat loss occurs due to the piping connecting the respective components, and this heat loss reduces the air conditioning performance and hinders energy saving.

An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can achieve a compact air conditioning system using a refrigerant circuit and a cooling water circuit and improve performance by reducing heat loss. Moreover, it is providing the unit apparatus for a heat exchange apparatus and vehicle air conditioning which can be utilized for such a vehicle air conditioner.

An air conditioner for a vehicle according to an aspect of the present invention includes an outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant of a heat pump and air outside a passenger compartment, and the refrigerant and cooling water that flow inside to cool the refrigerant. Cooling between a water-refrigerant heat exchanger that transfers heat to water, a heat-dissipating part that causes the cooling water to flow inside and releases heat from the cooling water to the air, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger and the heat-dissipating part A circulation means that circulates water, and an air passage that sends air into the passenger compartment and in which the heat dissipating part is disposed, and the outdoor heat exchanger and the water refrigerant heat exchanger are integrally joined. Adopt the configuration.

A heat exchange device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a refrigerant air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between refrigerant and air by flowing a refrigerant therein, and a refrigerant and cooling water that flows through the refrigerant and air. A water / refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat with cooling water, and the refrigerant / air heat exchanger and the water / refrigerant heat exchanger are joined together, and the refrigerant of the refrigerant / air heat exchanger is integrated. And a pipe for flowing the refrigerant of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger are connected to each other.

A unit device for air conditioning of a vehicle according to an aspect of the present invention includes an electric compressor that compresses a refrigerant of a heat pump, and a cooling water and a refrigerant compressed by the electric compressor that are flown into the cooling apparatus. A water-refrigerant heat exchanger that moves heat and a refrigerant that has passed through the water-refrigerant heat exchanger flowed to exchange heat between the refrigerant and air, and are joined integrally with the water-refrigerant heat exchanger. An outdoor heat exchanger and an accumulator for supplying a gas-phase refrigerant to the electric compressor are unitized.

According to the present invention, the air conditioning system using the refrigerant circuit and the cooling water circuit can be made compact. In addition, the piping between the refrigerant air heat exchanger (for example, the outdoor heat exchanger) and the water refrigerant heat exchanger is shortened, and heat loss during this period can be reduced, thereby improving air conditioning performance and energy saving. be able to.

The figure which shows the unit apparatus for vehicle air conditioning of Embodiment 1 of this invention Schematic diagram showing a refrigerant and cooling water circuit of the vehicle air conditioner of the first embodiment. The figure which shows the air-path structure of the vehicle air conditioner of Embodiment 1. FIG. Schematic diagram for explaining the state of the cooling operation of the vehicle air conditioner according to the first embodiment. It is a figure explaining the effect | action of a solenoid valve with an orifice, (A) is a figure which shows an open state, (B) is a figure which shows a closed state The figure which shows the integrated heat exchange apparatus of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the part of the water cooling condenser of an integrated heat exchange apparatus, (A) is the perspective view, (B) is an exploded perspective view. The schematic diagram which shows the circuit of the refrigerant | coolant and cooling water of the vehicle air conditioner of Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the heat absorber of Embodiment 2, (A) is a perspective view of the state attached to the compressor, (B) is a perspective view of a heat absorber itself.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a vehicle air conditioning unit device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a refrigerant and cooling water circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a wind path configuration of the vehicle air conditioner according to the first embodiment. 2 and 3 show the state during heating operation.

The vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes an outdoor heat exchanger 10, a heat exchange fan 19, a solenoid valve with an orifice (corresponding to a switching valve) 20, a water-cooled condenser (a water refrigerant heat exchanger). 30), a compressor (compressor) 41, an accumulator 42, an on-off valve 43, three-

way valves

44 and 45, an expansion valve 46, a fan 47, a pipe 49 through which a heat pump refrigerant flows, an evaporator 48, , A heater core (corresponding to a heat radiating portion) 50, a cooling / heating switching door 51, an air passage 200, a cooling water pump 52, and a pipe 53 through which cooling water (for example, LLC: Long Life Coolant) flows.

Although the details will be described later, among these configurations, the outdoor heat exchanger 10, the solenoid valve 20 with an orifice, and the water-cooled condenser 30 are joined together to constitute an integrated heat exchange device 100. Further, the integrated heat exchange device 100, the compressor 41, the accumulator 42, the on-off valve 43, and the piping 49 between them are packaged in one to form a unit device.

The outdoor heat exchanger 10 causes the refrigerant to flow inside, and receives heat from the heat exchange fan 19 outside the passenger compartment to exchange heat between the air and the refrigerant. The outdoor heat exchanger 10 functions as an evaporator during heating operation, and a low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant is flowed to give air heat to the refrigerant. On the other hand, the outdoor heat exchanger 10 functions as a condenser during the cooling operation, and a high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant is flowed to release the heat of the refrigerant to the air.

The water-cooled condenser 30 causes the refrigerant and cooling water to flow inside and exchanges heat between them. Inside the water-cooled condenser 30, the refrigerant and the cooling water flow through the partitions with high heat conduction (a plurality of plates 31 (see FIG. 7B)) to exchange heat. Details of the water-cooled condenser 30 will be described later.

The compressor 41 compresses the refrigerant to a high temperature and a high pressure by electric drive, and sends the compressed refrigerant to the water-cooled condenser 30. The compressor 41 has a property of generating heat by Joule heat and frictional heat of the drive unit.

The accumulator 42 separates the refrigerant that is a mixture of the liquid phase and the gas phase, and supplies only the gas phase refrigerant to the compressor 41.

The on-off valve 43 performs switching of whether the refrigerant sent from the outdoor heat exchanger 10 is sent to the evaporator 48 side or sent to the accumulator 42 without passing through the evaporator 48 by an opening / closing operation. The on-off valve 43 is opened during the heating operation and allows the refrigerant to flow, and is closed during the cooling operation and does not flow the refrigerant.

The three-way valve 45 sends the refrigerant sent out from the outdoor heat exchanger 10 to the evaporator 48 side or the on-off valve 43 side. When the on-off valve 43 is open, the three-way valve 45 allows most of the refrigerant to flow toward the on-off valve 43 due to the pressure difference, and when the on-off valve 43 is closed, causes the refrigerant to flow toward the evaporator 48.

The three-way valve 44 sends the refrigerant from the on-off valve 43 side or the refrigerant from the evaporator 48 side to the accumulator 42. It should be noted that the expansion valve 46 does not substantially flow the refrigerant when the pressure for moving the refrigerant is low, so the three-

way valves

44 and 45 can be omitted.

The expansion valve 46 causes the refrigerant to flow during the cooling operation, expands the high-pressure refrigerant to a low temperature and low pressure, and sends it to the evaporator 48.

As shown in FIG. 3, the air blowing path 200 is a flow path that introduces outside air or a mixed air of outside air and inside air from the introduction port and sends it to the vehicle interior. In the air passage 200, a fan 47, an evaporator 48, a heater core 50, and a cooling / heating switching door 51 are provided in the middle of the air flow path.

The fan 47 generates static pressure in the air passage 200 and causes air to flow along the air passage 200.

The evaporator 48 causes low-temperature refrigerant to flow inside, and causes air in the air passage 200 to flow between the plurality of fin-type heat radiating plates, thereby moving the heat of the air to the refrigerant. The evaporator 48 has no effect on the air that is not passed through the refrigerant during the heating operation, and cools the air that is passed through the refrigerant during the cooling operation.

The heater core 50 discharges the heat of cooling water to the air by flowing cooling water inside and flowing air in the air passage 200 between a plurality of fin-type heat sinks heated by the cooling water. The heater core 50 superheats the air passing through the heated cooling water during the heating operation. The heater core 50 has no effect on the air because the cooling water is stopped during the cooling operation or the cooling / heating switching door 51 blocks the passage of air.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cooling / heating switching door 51 is a door that switches whether the air flowing in the air blowing path 200 passes through the heater core 50 or is bypassed.

The orifice-equipped solenoid valve 20 is a valve that can be switched between the action of the expansion valve (the function of allowing the refrigerant to pass through under reduced pressure) and the state where the on-off valve is open.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the solenoid valve 20 with an orifice. FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an open state, and FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a closed state.

As shown in FIG. 5 (A), the solenoid valve 20 with an orifice opens the valve 21 greatly in the open state and allows the refrigerant to pass therethrough with almost no pressure reduction. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), the orifice-equipped solenoid valve 20 functions as an expansion valve for reducing the pressure after passing through the refrigerant by flowing the refrigerant through the narrow flow path of the orifice 22 in the closed state.

The solenoid valve with orifice 20 introduces refrigerant from the water-cooled condenser 30 and sends it to the outdoor heat exchanger 10. The solenoid valve with orifice 20 is closed during the heating operation and is opened during the cooling operation.

[Heating operation]
FIG. 2 shows a heating operation state of the vehicle air conditioner according to the first embodiment.

During the heating operation, the solenoid valve with orifice 20 is closed, the on-off valve 43 is opened, and the cooling water pump 52 is activated. Further, in the air blowing path 200, the cooling / heating switching door 51 opens the flow path on the heater core 50 side, and the fan 47 is driven.

By such an operation, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 41 and passes through the water-cooled condenser 30, and is then expanded by the solenoid valve 20 with an orifice to a low temperature and a low pressure. The low-temperature refrigerant passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and absorbs heat from the air. Thereafter, the refrigerant passes through the on-off valve 43 and is sent to the compressor 41 via the accumulator 42 without flowing to the evaporator 48 side.

When the refrigerant passes through the water-cooled condenser 30, the cooling water is heated by the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and the heated cooling water is sent to the heater core 50 by the action of the cooling water pump 52.

In the air blowing path 200, the air flowing by the fan 47 passes through the evaporator 48 and the heater core 50 and is sent to the vehicle interior. Cold refrigerant does not flow through the evaporator 48, and hot cooling water flows through the heater core 50, so that the air flowing through the air blowing path 200 is heated and sent to the vehicle interior.

[Cooling operation]
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a cooling operation state of the vehicle air conditioner according to the first embodiment.

During the cooling operation, the solenoid valve with orifice 20 is opened, the on-off valve 43 is closed, and the cooling water pump 52 is almost stopped. Further, in the air blowing path 200, the cooling / heating switching door 51 closes the flow path on the heater core 50 side, and the fan 47 is driven.

By such an operation, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 41, passes through the water-cooled condenser 30, and then sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 10 as it is without being depressurized by the solenoid valve 20 with an orifice. The refrigerant dissipates heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and is sent to the evaporator 48 side. The refrigerant is expanded to a low temperature and a low pressure by the expansion valve 46 and flows through the evaporator 48. The refrigerant that has cooled the air after passing through the evaporator 48 is sent to the compressor 41 via the accumulator 42.

When the refrigerant passes through the water-cooled condenser 30, the refrigerant passes at high temperature and high pressure because the cooling water is not flowing. The heater core 50 does not become hot because the cooling water is not flowing.

In the air passage 200, the air flowing by the fan 47 is cooled by the evaporator 48 and sent to the passenger compartment.

[Configuration of Integrated Heat Exchanger 100]
FIG. 6 is a partially broken front view showing the integrated heat exchange device. FIG. 7 is a perspective view (A) and an exploded perspective view (B) showing a water-cooled condenser part of the integrated heat exchange device.

The integrated heat exchange device 100 is configured by integrally joining an outdoor heat exchanger 10, an orifice-equipped electromagnetic valve 20, and a water-cooled condenser 30.

The outdoor heat exchanger 10 includes left and right struts 11 with a built-in mother pipe (header), a plurality of fin-type heat sinks 12 that flow between the left and right struts 11 and that are in contact with air over a wide area, and refrigerant. And a receiver tank 13 for temporary storage.

The orifice-equipped solenoid valve 20 is configured such that an orifice 22 is joined in a pipe 23 and a valve 21 and an electromagnetic actuator are attached to a side hole of the pipe 23.

As shown in FIG. 7B, the water-cooled condenser 30 includes a refrigerant and cooling water between a panel 32 provided with a plurality of joints 32a to 32c and a panel 33 provided with a refrigerant outlet 33a. A plurality of plates 31 forming the flow path are stacked.

The joints 32a to 32c of the panel 32 are a joint 32a for introducing cooling water, a joint 32b for sending cooling water, and a joint 32c for introducing refrigerant.

The space sandwiched between the

panels

32 and 33 and the plurality of plates 31 becomes a thin flat flow path through which coolant flows and a thin flat flow path through which cooling water flows. The plurality of plates 31 are provided with

openings

31a and 31b and short pipes for distributing the refrigerant from the introduction port to the refrigerant channel so as not to cross the cooling water channel and then sending the refrigerant to the delivery port. It has been. Further, the plurality of plates 31 have

openings

31c and 31d and short pipes for distributing the cooling water from the introduction port to the cooling water flow channel so as not to cross the refrigerant flow channel and then sending it to the delivery port. The body is provided.

In a plurality of thin flat flow paths formed between the plurality of plates 31 and the

panels

32 and 33, as indicated by solid arrows in FIG. On the other hand, as shown by the dashed arrows in FIG. 7B, the cooling water flows from top to bottom every other flow path. And heat is exchanged between both.

The water-cooled condenser 30 is joined to the column 11 of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 via the pipe 23 of the solenoid valve 20 with an orifice. The water-cooled condenser 30 is joined in the direction in which the plate 31 and the

panels

32 and 33 extend along the longitudinal direction of the support 11. The refrigerant outlet 33a of the water-cooled condenser 30 (see FIG. 7B) is connected to the mother pipe of the column 11 through the short pipe 23 of the solenoid valve 20 with an orifice.

The plurality of fin-type heat radiating plates 12 of the outdoor heat exchanger 10, the column 11 and the receiver tank 13, the piping 23 and the orifice 22 of the solenoid valve 20 with an orifice, and the plurality of plates 31 and

panels

32 and 33 of the water-cooled condenser 30. Are simultaneously put into a furnace and joined together by brazing.

According to the integrated heat exchange device 100 as described above, the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the water-cooled condenser 30 can be integrally manufactured by a single brazing process, and the manufacturing cost and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced. Can do.

In addition, according to such an integrated heat exchange device 100, compared to a configuration in which an outdoor heat exchanger, an electromagnetic valve with an orifice, and a water-cooled condenser are provided as separate components and connected to each other by piping, Compactness can be achieved, and installation on a vehicle is facilitated. In addition, heat loss in the piping is reduced, and energy efficiency is improved particularly during heating operation.

Further, according to the unit device of the present embodiment in which the integrated heat exchange device 100, the compressor 41, the accumulator 42, the three-way valve 44, and the piping 49 between them are packaged in one, the following is performed. Effects can be obtained. That is, the vehicle air conditioner according to the present embodiment that performs cooling and heating with a heat pump can be realized by adding this unit device without modifying the configuration of the air passage 200 provided in the conventional vehicle.

(Embodiment 2)
The second embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment in that it includes a heat absorber (corresponding to a heat absorption part) 60 that takes in heat released from the compressor 41 to the surroundings into cooling water. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a refrigerant and cooling water circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the second embodiment. 9A and 9B are diagrams showing a heat absorber according to the second embodiment, in which FIG. 9A is a perspective view of a state attached to a compressor, and FIG. 9B is a perspective view of a single heat absorber.

As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the heat absorber 60 includes a mat-like heat insulating material 62 and a pipe 63 having high thermal conductivity. The pipe 63 is fixed around the compressor 41 in a highly heat conductive state, and the heat insulating material 62 covers the periphery.

As shown in FIG. 9A, the pipe 63 through which the cooling water flows in the heat absorber 60 and the

pipes

41a and 41b through which the refrigerant of the compressor 41 flow are independent. There is no heat exchange.

In the second embodiment, the integrated heat exchange device 100, the compressor 41, the accumulator 42, the three-way valve 44, the heat absorber 60, and the

pipes

49 and 53 between them are packaged in one to form a unit device. is doing.

According to the vehicle air conditioner of the second embodiment, the heat generated by the compressor 41 is absorbed by the cooling water sent from the heater core 50 to the water cooling condenser 30 during the heating operation. This heat is used when the heater core 50 warms the air. Therefore, according to the vehicle air conditioner of Embodiment 2, the thermal efficiency during the heating operation can be further improved.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above.

In the above embodiment, a specific configuration has been described as an example of the refrigerant circuit and the cooling water circuit. However, the invention in which the outdoor heat exchanger (refrigerant air heat exchanger) and the water-cooled condenser (water refrigerant heat exchanger) are integrated is not limited to the refrigerant and cooling water circuit shown in the embodiment, and various It is useful when applied to circuits. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although demonstrated using the specific structure as an example as an outdoor heat exchanger (refrigerant air heat exchanger) and a water-cooled condenser (water refrigerant heat exchanger), these specific structures are various. It can be changed.

The disclosure of the specification, drawings and abstract contained in the Japanese application of Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-068966 filed on March 26, 2012 is incorporated herein by reference.

The present invention is useful when applied to a vehicle air conditioner mounted on a vehicle.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Outdoor heat exchanger 11 Support | pillar 12 Fin type heat sink 20 Orifice solenoid valve 30 Water cooling condenser 41 Compressor 42 Accumulator 43 On-off

valve

44, 45 Three-way valve 46 Expansion valve 47 Fan 48

Evaporator

49, 53, 63 Piping 50 Heater core 51 Cooling and heating Switching door 52 Cooling water pump 60 Heat absorber 62 Heat insulation material 200 Air passage

Claims

An outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant of the heat pump and the air outside the passenger compartment,
A water-refrigerant heat exchanger that flows heat from the refrigerant to the cooling water by flowing the refrigerant and the cooling water therein;
A heat dissipating part for allowing the cooling water to flow inside and releasing heat from the cooling water to the air;
A circulating means for circulating cooling water between the water-refrigerant heat exchanger and the heat radiating section;
An air passage that sends air into the passenger compartment and the heat dissipating part is disposed in the middle;
With
The outdoor heat exchanger and the water refrigerant heat exchanger are integrally joined;
Vehicle air conditioner.
The outdoor heat exchanger and the water refrigerant heat exchanger are integrally brazed,
The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1.
A switching valve that can be switched to a state in which the refrigerant is expanded or allowed to pass without being expanded,
The switching valve is attached to a refrigerant flow path between the outdoor heat exchanger and the water refrigerant heat exchanger.
The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1.
A compressor for compressing the refrigerant;
During the heating operation, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor is expanded by the switching valve after transferring heat to the cooling water by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and then, by the outdoor heat exchanger. Absorbs heat from the air and returns to the compressor,
The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 3.
The outdoor heat exchanger, the water refrigerant heat exchanger, and the switching valve are joined together.
The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 4.
The refrigerant inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger and the refrigerant outlet of the water refrigerant heat exchanger are joined only by a pipe constituting the switching valve,
The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 5.
The outdoor heat exchanger has a plurality of fin-type heat radiating plates joined to a pipe through which a refrigerant flows, and a column portion that supports the plurality of fin-type heat radiating plates,
The water refrigerant heat exchanger is integrally joined to the support column.
The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1.
A compressor for compressing the refrigerant of the heat pump;
An endothermic part that causes cooling water to flow inside and absorbs heat generated by the compressor into the cooling water;
Further comprising
The circulating means is
Circulating cooling water between the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, the heat radiating part, and the heat absorbing part;
The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1.
A refrigerant air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air through which the refrigerant flows;
A water-refrigerant heat exchanger in which refrigerant and cooling water are flowed inside to exchange heat between the refrigerant and cooling water;
Comprising
The refrigerant air heat exchanger and the water refrigerant heat exchanger are integrally joined, and a pipe for flowing the refrigerant of the refrigerant air heat exchanger and a pipe for flowing the refrigerant of the water refrigerant heat exchanger are connected. Yes,
Heat exchange device.
A compressor for compressing the refrigerant of the heat pump;
A water-refrigerant heat exchanger in which cooling water and the refrigerant compressed by the compressor are flowed to transfer heat from the refrigerant to the cooling water;
An outdoor heat exchanger that is integrally joined to the water refrigerant heat exchanger while the refrigerant that has passed through the water refrigerant heat exchanger flows and exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air;
An accumulator for supplying a gas-phase refrigerant to the compressor;
Is unitized,
Unit device for vehicle air conditioning.