WO2013117771A2

WO2013117771A2 - Cosmetic treatment method, and composition comprising a glyoxylic acid derivative

Info

Publication number: WO2013117771A2
Application number: PCT/EP2013/052711
Authority: WO
Inventors: Nicolas Daubresse; Henri Samain; Grégory Plos
Original assignee: L'oreal
Priority date: 2012-02-09
Filing date: 2013-02-11
Publication date: 2013-08-15
Also published as: WO2013117771A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II) or (III), and also their salts; hydrates; acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; (thio)hemiacetals and their optical and geometrical isomers: in which formula (I): • R represents a radical resulting from an organic mono-or polyamine, and • n denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 100; with p denoting an integer ranging from 2 to 10 and preferably from 2 to 4.

Description

COSMETIC TREATMENT METHOD, AND COMPOSITION COMPRISING A

GLYOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE

The present invention relates to a cosmetic treatment method, in particular a hair cosmetic treatment method, capable of being employed in order to introduce a long-lasting change to keratinous substances, and to a composition which can be used in the said method. In the hair field, consumers wish to have available compositions which make it possible to introduce a temporary change to their hair and to do this while targeting a good wear property for the effect produced. In general, it is desirable for the change to withstand shampooing operations for a minimum of 15 days, indeed even more, depending on the nature of the said change.

Treatments already exist for modifying the colour or the shape of the hair and also, to some extent, the texture of the hair. One of the known treatments for modifying the texture of the hair consists of the combination of heat and of a formaldehyde- comprising composition. This treatment is especially effective in conferring a better appearance on damaged hair and/or in treating long hair and curly hair.

The action of formaldehyde is associated with its ability to cross-link proteins by reaction with its nucleophilic sites. The heat used can be that of the iron (flat tongs or crimping iron), the temperature of which can generally reach 200°C or more. However, there is an increasing desire to avoid the use of such substances, which can prove to be aggressive to the hair and other keratinous substances.

Application WO201 1/104282 has thus provided a novel method for semipermanently smoothing the hair which consists in applying an a-aceto acid solution to the hair for from 15 to 120 minutes, in then drying and, finally, in smoothing the hair with an iron at a temperature of approximately 200°C. The a- aceto acid employed is preferably glyoxylic acid.

However, it has been found that the use of glyoxylic acid can result in some significant limitations; in particular, its pH of action is acidic, in particular of the order of 4, indeed even less, which may not always be well tolerated, in particular when the scalp is sensitive and/or irritated.

Nor is it desirable either to employ it at high concentrations, due to its intrinsic acidic nature. Its volatility, enhanced by the use of heat (iron), can also present a problem.

Furthermore, cosmetic formulations having an acidic pH can detrimentally affect the hair and/or detrimentally affect the colour thereof. In point of fact, the desired treatment is very particularly intended to repair artificially dyed hair. It is therefore preferable to avoid the use of active agents capable of introducing a reinforcing effect but while contributing to detrimentally affecting the hair and/or its artificial colour.

It is already known to use glyoxylic acid esters in hair compositions, in particular in hair dyeing compositions, such as described in the document DE19859722, and in reducing compositions, such as described in the document DE19860239.

In point of fact, the Applicant Company has now discovered, unexpectedly and surprisingly, that some very specific compounds make it possible to introduce the desired properties into keratinous substances. In particular, the method according to the invention will not bring about a change in the colour of the hair and will not cause a problem of breaking of the individual hair. The composition will not detrimentally affect the integrity of the fibre, in particular its cuticle. In addition, it will improve the mechanical properties of the hair, such as the resistance to moisture, and the sheen, and will reduce frizz.

Thus, a subject-matter of the present invention is a method for the cosmetic treatment of hair, comprising the application, to the said hair, of a cosmetic composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II) or (III), and also their salts; hydrates; acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; (thio)hemiacetals and their optical and geometrical isomers:

in which formula (I):

R represents a radical resulting from an organic mono- or polyamine,

R representing a radical chosen from:

i) (di)(Ci-C3o)alkylamino, (di)(C2-C3o)alkenylamino or (Ci-C3o)alkyl[(Ci- C3o)alkenyl]amino radicals; in particular, the alkyl group or groups of the amino are C1-C10 groups and/or the alkenyl group or groups of the amino are C2-C10 groups; ii) aryl[(Ci-Cio)alkyl]amino or aryl[(C2-C3o)alkenyl]amino radicals;

for i) and ii), the alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, divalent groups chosen from -O-, -S-, -C(O)- or -N(R¹)- or their combinations with R¹ denoting a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl radical, preferably interrupted by an amido group -C(O)-N(R²)- with R² representing a hydrogen atom or a Ci-C₄ alkyl group;

the said alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹, which are identical or different, being as defined above;

iii) (di)(C6-C3o aryl)amino radicals, the aryl radical being in particular a C6-Ci₄ radical, such as aniline; iv) a saturated or unsaturated, aromatic or non-aromatic and mono- or

polycyclic heterocycle comprising from 3 to 50 ring members, preferably from 3 to 14 ring members, and optionally comprising one or more additional heteroatoms chosen from O, S and N, such as pyrrolidyl, (benzo)morpholino, (benzo)piperidino, (benzo)piperazino, (benzo)thiomorpholino, azepanyl or indolyl;

• it being possible for the different aryl or heterocyclic radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2- C10 acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)- C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹, which are identical or different, being as defined above, it being possible for the aryl and heterocyclic radicals in addition to be substituted by C1-C10 alkyl radicals; and

• n denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 100;

in which formula (II) Xi and X2, which are identical or different, represent an oxygen or sulfur atom, preferably an oxygen atom, and

• Ri and R₂ represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a radical chosen from:

i) C1-C30 alkyl radicals, in particular C1-C10 alkyl radicals; or C2-C30 alkenyl radicals, in particular C2-C10 alkenyl radicals; the said alkyl or alkenyl radicals being optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, divalent groups or their combinations chosen from -O-, -S-, -C(O)- or -N(Ri')-; with Ri' denoting a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl radical;

ii) C6-C30 aryl radicals, in particular C6-Ci₄ aryl radicals, such as phenyl;

iii) non-aromatic mono- or polycyclic (hetero)cyclic radicals which comprise from 3 to 50 ring members, preferably from 3 to 14 ring members, which are unsaturated or saturated and which optionally comprise one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, S or N;

it being possible for these different radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci- Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Ri'- C(O)-N(Ri')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri', which are identical or different, being as defined above, it being possible for the aryl and non-aromatic mono- or polycyclic radicals in addition to be substituted by C1-C10 alkyl radicals,

at least one of Ri or R₂ being other than a hydrogen atom,

or

• Ri and R₂ form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated or unsaturated and preferably saturated 5- to 8-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci- Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri', which are identical or different, being as defined above;

with p denoting an integer ranging from 2 to 10 and preferably from 2 to 4.

It has been found that the use of the compounds and compositions according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a solution for the reinforcement and/or repair of the hair in a way which is lasting and compatible with any type of past or future hair treatment.

In that which follows, the expression "at least one" is equivalent to the expression "one or more". In the continuation of the description,

- "aryr radical is understood to mean a monocyclic or fused or non-fused polycyclic carbon-based group comprising from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, at least one ring of which is aromatic; preferably, the aryl radical is a phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, anthracenyl or tetrahydronaphthyl;

- "alky radical is understood to mean a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical, preferably a Ci-Cs hydrocarbon radical; - "alkoxy" radical is understood to mean an alkyl-oxy radical for which the alkyl radical is a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical, preferably a Ci-Cs hydrocarbon radical; - "alkenyr radical is understood to mean a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical which is unsaturated, in particular by one or more double bonds, such as 1 to 3 double bonds, which are conjugated or non-conjugated, preferably a C2-C8 hydrocarbon radical. According to one embodiment, the method according to the invention comprises the application, to the said hair, of a cosmetic composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I) and also their salts; hydrates; acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; (thio)hemiacetals and their optical and geometrical isomers:

in which formula (I):

R represents a radical resulting from an organic mono- or polyamine,

R representing a radical chosen from:

i) (di)(Ci-C3o)alkylamino, (di)(C2-C3o)alkenylamino or (Ci-C3o)alkyl[(Ci- C3o)alkenyl]amino radicals; in particular, the alkyl group or groups of the amino are

C1-C10 groups and/or the alkenyl group or groups of the amino are C2-C10 groups; ii) aryl[(Ci-Cio)alkyl]amino or aryl[(C2-C3o)alkenyl]amino radicals;

for i) and ii), the alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, divalent groups chosen from -O-, -S-, -C(O)- or -N(R¹ )- or their combinations with R¹ denoting a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl radical, preferably interrupted by an amido group -C(O)-N(R²)- with R² representing a hydrogen atom or a Ci-C₄ alkyl group;

the said alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹ , which are identical or different, being as defined above;

• it being possible for the different aryl or heterocyclic radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2- C10 acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)-

C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹, which are identical or different, being as defined above, it being possible for the aryl and heterocyclic radicals in addition to be substituted by C1-C10 alkyl radicals; and

· n denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 100;

The term "organic" is understood to mean a compound comprising at least one carbon atom in its structure. The term "mono- or polyamine" is understood to mean an organic compound comprising an amino group (monoamine) or at least two amino groups (polyamine); it being possible for the said amine organic compound to be aliphatic, acyclic, linear or branched, or (hetero)cyclic. An "amino" group is understood to mean a primary amine group -NH₂ or a secondary amine group >NH.

Preferably, the mono- or polyamine is aliphatic. More particularly, the polyamine comprises between 2 and 100 amino groups and preferably between 2 and 20 amino groups.

According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the compound or compounds of formula (I) are such that R is a radical resulting from a mono- or polyamine comprising between 1 and 10 amino groups which is chosen from methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, butylamine, hexylamine, monoethanolamine (MEA), propane-1 ,2,3-triamine and diaminoacetone.

Preferably, n denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 3, more particularly n is equal to 1 or 2 and preferably n is equal to 1 .

According to a specific embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is chosen from the compounds of formula (B) and also its salts; its hydrates; its acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; its (thio)hemiacetals and its optical and geometrical isomers:

in which formula (B):

• R⁴ represents a group chosen from a) (Ci-C3o)alkyl; b) (C2-C3o)alkenyl; in particular, the alkyl group or groups are C1-C10 groups and the alkenyl group or groups are C2-C10 groups, the alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, divalent groups or their combinations chosen from -O-, -S-, -C(O)- or -N(R¹ )-; with R¹ denoting a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl radical; the said alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹ , which are identical or different, being as defined above; c) C6-C30 aryl, in particular C6-Ci₄ aryl, such as phenyl;

• R⁵ represents a hydrogen atom or a Ci-C₄ alkyl radical.

According to a specific embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is chosen from the compounds of formula (C) and also its salts; its hydrates; its acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; its (thio)hemiacetals and its optical and geometrical isomers:

in which formula (C):

• R⁴ is as defined above in the formula (B);

• R⁶ represents a group chosen from a) (Ci -C2o)alkylene, preferably (Ci- Cio)alkylene, b) (Ci-C2o)alkenylene, preferably (Ci-Cio)alkenylene, the alkylene or alkenylene radicals optionally being interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, divalent groups or their combinations chosen from -O-, -S-, -C(O)- or -N(R¹)-; with R¹ as defined above;

the said alkylene or alkenylene radicals optionally being substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci- Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: R¹- C(O)-N(R¹)-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹, which are identical or different, being as defined above;

c) arylene; preferably, R⁶ represents a C2-C6 alkylene group, such as ethylene;

n and m, which are identical or different, denote an integer ranging from 1 to 50, in particular ranging from 1 to 20 and preferably ranging from 1 to 3; more particularly, n and m are equal to 1 or 2 and preferably n and m are equal to 1 .

The compounds of formula (I) can be chosen in particular from the following compounds:

These amides can be synthesised from the corresponding acids conventional amidation processes.

According to a second embodiment, the method according to the invention comprises the application, to the said hair, of at least one or more compounds of following formula (II) and their salts:

O

\ //

CH— C

/ \

OH

(II)

• Ri and R2 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a radical chosen from:

ii) C6-C30 aryl radicals, in particular C6-Ci₄ aryl radicals, such as phenyl;

it being possible for these different radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci- Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Ri '- C(O)-N(Ri ')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri', which are identical or different, being as defined above;

at least one of Ri or R₂ being other than a hydrogen atom,

or

• Ri and R2 form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated or unsaturated and preferably saturated 5- to 8-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: Ri '-C(O)-N(Ri ')-, (C₂-Ci₀ acyl)amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci- Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri', which are identical or different, being as defined above.

Preferably, Ri and R2 denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a C1-C5 alkyl radical optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: Ri '-C(O)-N(Ri ')-, (C₂-Ci₀ acyl)amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci- Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri', which are identical or different, being as defined above, one at least of Ri or R₂ being other than a hydrogen atom,

or

Ri and R₂ form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated 5- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Cio acyl, amido: Ri '-C(O)-N(Ri , (C₂-Ci₀ acyl)amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri', which are identical or different, being as defined above.

More preferably still, Ri and R₂ denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl radical or form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated unsubstituted 5- to 6-membered heterocycle, one at least of Ri or R₂ being other than a hydrogen atom.

In an alternative form of the invention, Ri and R₂ are both other than hydrogen. The compounds of formula (II) can be chosen in particular from the following compounds or their salts:

These compounds are known in themselves or they can be easily synthesised from the corresponding aldehyde using conventional techniques known to a person skilled in the art.

The compounds of formula (II) can be used in the form of salts.

According to a third embodiment, the method according to the invention comprises the application, to the said hair, of at least one compound of formula (III) and also its acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals, its hemi(thio)acetals, its hydrates and its optical and geometrical isomers:

with p denoting an integer ranging from 2 to 10 and preferably from 2 to 4.

The preferred compounds of formula (III) are those for which p is equal to 2 or to 4.

The (thio)acetals, hemi(thio)acetals and hydrates are preferably compounds of formula (III'):

with p denoting an integer ranging from 2 to 10 and preferably from 2 to 4, in which formula (ΙΙΓ) Xio, X20, X30 and X40, which are identical or different, represent an oxygen or sulfur atom, preferably an oxygen atom, and

· R10, R20, R30 and R₄o represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a radical chosen from:

i) C1-C30 alkyl radicals, in particular C1-C10 alkyl radicals; or C2-C30 alkenyl radicals, in particular C2-C10 alkenyl radicals; the said alkyl or alkenyl radicals being optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, divalent groups or their combinations chosen from -O-, -S-, -C(O)-, -N(Ri₀')- and C6-C30 arylene; with R10' denoting a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl radical;

ii) C6-C30 aryl radicals, in particular C6-Ci₄ aryl radicals, such as phenyl;

iii) non-aromatic mono- or polycyclic (hetero)cyclic radicals, preferably heterocyclic radicals, which comprise from 3 to 50 ring members, preferably from 3 to 14 ring members, which are unsaturated or saturated and which optionally comprise one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, S or N;

it being possible for these different radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci- Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: R10'- C(O)-N(Rio')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Ri₀'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R', which are identical or different, being as defined above, it being possible for the aryl, arylene and non-aromatic mono- or polycyclic radicals in addition to be substituted by C1-C10 alkyl radicals; • or R10 and R20 and/or R₃₀ and R₄o form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated or unsaturated and preferably saturated 5- to 8-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Ri₀'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-, (C₂-Ci₀ acyl)amido: Ri₀'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R', which are identical or different, being as defined above.

Preferably, the compound or compounds of formula (III") are such that i) Rio, R20, R30 and R₄o denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a C1-C5 alkyl radical optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino,

(di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Rio'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Rio'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R', which are identical or different, being as defined above;

or ii) Rio and R20 and/or R₃₀ and R₄o form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated 5- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Rio'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Rio'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci- Cio)alkoxy groups, with R10', which are identical or different, being as defined above.

More preferably still, the compound or compounds of formula (ΙΙΓ) are such that i) R10, R20, R30 and R₄o denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl radical,

or ii) R10 and R20 and/or R₃₀ and R₄o form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated unsubstituted 5- to 6-membered heterocycle.

Preferably, one at least of R10 or R₂o and one at least of R30 or R ₀ is other than a hydrogen atom.

In an alternative form of the invention, R10, R20, R30 and R₄o are all other than hydrogen.

The compounds of formula (ΙΙΓ) can be used in the form of salts. They can also be provided in the form of hydrates, of acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals, of hemi(thio)acetals resulting from the interaction of an oxo group and in particular of the aldehyde functional group with water, a (poly)alcohol or a (poly)thiol which is preferably aliphatic (see "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis", Theodora W. Greene, Wiley, NY, 1981 , chap. 4).

The compounds of formula (ΙΙΓ) can be chosen in particular from the following compounds or their salts:

The dialdehydes are compounds known in themselves.

The acetals or thioacetals can be easily synthesised from the corresponding aldehydes.

Preferably, the composition of the method according to the invention comprises neither a colouring agent nor a reducing agent.

The term "colouring agents" is understood to mean, according to the present invention, agents for colouring keratinous fibres, such as direct dyes, pigments or oxidation dye precursors (bases and couplers). If they are present, their content does not exceed 0.001 % by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition. This is because, at such a content, only the composition would be dyed, that is to say an effect of dyeing the keratinous fibres would not be observed.

It should be remembered that oxidation dye precursors, oxidation bases and couplers are colourless or only slightly coloured compounds which, by a condensation reaction in the presence of an oxidizing agent, give a coloured entity. With regard to direct dyes, these compounds are coloured and exhibit a degree of affinity for the keratinous fibres.

The term "reducing agent" is understood to mean, according to the present invention, an agent capable of reducing the disulfide bonds of the hair, such as the compounds chosen from thiols, alkali metal sulfites, hydrides or phosphines.

The compound or compounds of formula (I), (II) or (III) are preferably present in the cosmetic composition at a concentration ranging from 0.01 % to 50% by weight, in particular from 0.1 % to 20% by weight and preferably from 1 % to 15% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition. The compositions of the method according to the invention can be provided in any formulation form conventionally used and in particular in the form of an aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous/alcoholic solution or suspension or oily solution or suspension; of a solution or a dispersion of the lotion or serum type; of an emulsion, in particular having a liquid or semi-liquid consistency, of the O/W, W/O or multiple type; of a suspension or emulsion having a soft consistency of (O/W) or (W/O) cream type; of an aqueous or anhydrous gel, or of any other cosmetic form.

These compositions can be packaged in pump-action sprays or in aerosol containers, in order to provide for application of the composition in the vaporized (lacquer) form or in the form of a mousse. Such packaging forms are indicated, for example, when it is desired to obtain a spray or a mousse, for the treatment of the hair. In these cases, the composition preferably comprises at least one propellant. The compositions of the method of the invention can be aqueous or anhydrous. They are preferably aqueous and then comprise water at a concentration ranging from 5% to 98%, better still from 20% to 95% and even better still from 50% to 95% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition. The composition of the method of the invention can additionally comprise at least one normal cosmetic ingredient chosen in particular from propellants; oils; solid fatty substances and in particular Cs-C₄o esters, Cs-C₄o acids or Cs-C₄o alcohols; non-ionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants or zwitterionic surfactants; sunscreens; moisturizing agents; antidandruff agents; antioxidants; chelating agents; pearlescent and opacifying agents; plasticizing or coalescing agents; hydroxy acids; fillers; silicones and in particular polydimethylsiloxanes; polymeric or non-polymeric thickeners; gelling agents; emulsifiers; polymers, in particular conditioning or styling polymers; fragrances; basifying or acidifying agents; silanes; or crosslinking agents. The composition can of course comprise several cosmetic ingredients appearing in the above list.

Depending on their nature and the purpose of the composition, the normal cosmetic ingredients can be present in normal amounts which can be easily determined by a person skilled in the art and which can be, for each ingredient, between 0.01 % and 80% by weight.

The composition can in particular comprise one or more organic solvents, in particular water-soluble solvents, such as C1-C7 alcohols; mention may in particular be made of aliphatic Ci-C₇ monoalcohols, aromatic C6-C₇ monoalcohols, C3-C₇ polyols or C3-C₇ polyol ethers, which can be employed alone or as a mixture with water. Advantageously, the composition comprises a water/ethanol, water/isopropanol, water/benzyl alcohol or water/glycerol mixture.

The oils can preferably be present in a proportion of 0.01 % to 80% by weight, in particular 0.02% to 40% by weight, indeed even 0.5% to 20% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition. They can be carbon-based oils. Mention may in particular be made of vegetable, animal or mineral oils, which may or may not be hydrogenated; saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, cyclic or aliphatic, synthetic hydrocarbon oils, such as, for example, poly-a-olefins, in particular polydecenes and polyisobutenes; liquid fatty alcohols, such as isostearyl alcohol, octyldodecanol, 2-butyloctanol, 2-hexyldecanol, 2-undecylpentadecanol, oleyl alcohol or linoleyl alcohol; or liquid esters, such as isopropyl myristate or isopropyl palmitate. Mention may also be made of silicone oils, which may or may not be volatile, which may or may not be organomodified and which may or may not be water-soluble; fluorinated or perfluorinated oils; and their mixtures.

The composition can also comprise one or more solid fatty substances and in particular one or more fatty alcohols, fatty esters and/or fatty acids, other than the above oils, having from 8 to 40 carbon atoms; these solid fatty substances can preferably be present in a proportion of 0.01 % to 50% by weight, in particular 0.1 % to 20% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition. Mention may in particular be made of fatty alcohols comprising linear C12-C32 chains, in particular C12-C26 chains, and especially cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or cetearyl alcohol. Mention may also be made of fatty acids comprising linear or branched Ci6-C₄o chains and in particular 18-methyleicosanoic acid, coconut oil or hydrogenated coconut oil acids, stearic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid and their mixtures. Preferably, the fatty acids are non-salified. Mention may also be made of fatty esters comprising linear chains, comprising in total between 8 and 40 carbon atoms, such as myristyl, cetyl or stearyl myristates, palmitates and stearates, alone or as a mixture.

A person skilled in the art will take care to choose the ingredients participating in the composition and their amounts so that they are not harmful to the properties of the compositions of the present invention.

The pH of the composition can be acidic, neutral or alkaline.

The composition can additionally comprise glyoxylic acid. When it comprises it, the composition preferably comprises less than 10% by weight of glyoxylic acid, with respect to the weight of compound(s) of formula (I), (II) or (III).

The cosmetic composition of the method according to the invention can be provided in the form of a hair product, in particular a hair care, cleaning, styling or shaping product.

The composition especially finds a particularly advantageous application in the hair field, in particular for the retention of the hairstyle or the shaping of the hair, or the care, cosmetic treatment or cleaning of the hair. The hair compositions are preferably shampoos, conditioners, styling or care gels, care lotions or creams, masks, serums, hairsetting lotions, blow-drying lotions, fixing and styling compositions, such as lacquers or sprays, hair restructuring lotions, lotions or gels for combating hair loss, antiparasitic shampoos, antidandruff lotions or shampoos, or antiseborrhoeic treating shampoos. The lotions can be packaged in various forms, in particular in vaporizers, pump-action sprays or aerosol containers, in order to provide for application of the composition in vaporized form or in the form of a mousse. More particularly still, the composition according to the invention has an advantageous application in the care and the cosmetic treatment, in particular the protection, of the hair, especially of hair which has been weakened and/or damaged, for example by chemical or mechanical treatments; use may in particular be made of the compounds according to the invention in post-treatment, after a hair dyeing, bleaching or straightening stage.

Preferably, it is a cosmetic treatment method for the conditioning, shaping, reinforcing and/or repairing of the hair, in particular for introducing or improving the disentangling, smoothing, combability, manageability or softness of the hair.

Very particularly, it can be a cosmetic treatment method for the care and the cosmetic treatment, in particular the protection, of the hair, especially of hair which has been weakened and/or damaged, for example by chemical or mechanical treatments.

The method can also comprise at least one rinsing stage and/or one heat treatment stage. Thus, the application of the composition can optionally be followed by a rinsing stage and/or by a heat treatment stage, for example a treatment at a temperature of between 150°C and 250°C.

The composition can in particular be used with or without temperature, preferably with temperature, for example by using flat tongs or a crimping iron capable of raising the temperature to a value of between 150°C and 250°C. It should be noted that the treatment method can also comprise an additional treatment stage intended to enhance the reactivity of the keratin. In particular, such a stage can be carried out prior to the stage of application of the composition comprising the compound or compounds of formula (I), (II) or (III). It can be an additional stage intended to modify the ionisation of the proteins, or else a stage of a reducing treatment intended to bring about the appearance of the thiol or thiosulfate functional groups (treatment with sulfites, thiols, phosphines or hydrides, for example).

Another subject-matter of the invention is a cosmetic composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II) or (III), and also their salts; hydrates; acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; (thio)hemiacetals and their optical and geometrical isomers:

in which formula (I):

R represents a radical resulting from an organic mono- or polyamine,

R representing a radical chosen from:

the said alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-, (C₂-Ci₀ acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹ , which are identical or different, being as defined above;

iii) (di)(C6-C3o aryl)amino radicals, the aryl radical being in particular a C6-Ci₄ radical, such as aniline; iv) _vj-L saturated or unsaturated, aromatic or non-aromatic and mono- or

' polycyclic heterocycle comprising from 3 to 50 ring members, preferably from 3 to 14 ring members, and optionally comprising one or more additional heteroatoms chosen from O, S and N, such as pyrrolidyl, (benzo)morpholino, (benzo)piperidino, (benzo)piperazino, (benzo)thiomorpholino, azepanyl or indolyl;

• it being possible for the different aryl or heterocyclic radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2- Cio acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )- C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹ , which are identical or different, being as defined above, it being possible for the aryl and heterocyclic radicals in addition to be substituted by C1-C10 alkyl radicals; and

• n denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 100;

\ O

CH— C

/ \

OH

(II)

• Ri and R2 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a radical chosen from:

i) C1-C30 alkyl radicals, in particular C1-C10 alkyl radicals; or C2-C30 alkenyl radicals, in particular C2-C10 alkenyl radicals; the said alkyl or alkenyl radicals being optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, divalent groups or their combinations chosen from -O-, -S-, -C(O)- or -N(Ri ')-; with Ri ' denoting a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl radical;

ii) C6-C30 aryl radicals, in particular C6-Ci₄ aryl radicals, such as phenyl;

it being possible for these different radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci- Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Ri '- C(O)-N(Ri ')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Ri '-C(O)-N(Ri ')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri ', which are identical or different, being as defined above, it being possible for the aryl and non-aromatic mono- or polycyclic radicals in addition to be substituted by C1-C10 alkyl radicals,

at least one of Ri or R₂ being other than a hydrogen atom,

or

• Ri and R2 form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated or unsaturated and preferably saturated 5- to 8-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: Ri '-C(O)-N(Ri ')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Ri '-C(O)-N(Ri ')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci- Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri ', which are identical or different, being as defined above;

with p denoting an integer ranging from 2 to 10 and preferably from 2 to 4.

The composition according to the invention can also result from the mixing, for example at the time of use, of at least one composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II) or (III), the said composition preferably being anhydrous, with at least one second composition preferably comprising water and optionally other ingredients, in particular at least one agent which enhances the reactivity of the compound (I), (II) or (III).

This is because it is possible to prepare the composition to be used at the time of use, for example by mixing, at the time of use, several compositions, in particular two compositions, one of which comprises the compound or compounds of formula (I), (II) or (III) and is preferably anhydrous. For example, it is possible to mix a first composition comprising the compound or compounds (I), (II) or (III), for example in the powder form, with a second composition comprising water and optionally other ingredients, in particular at least one agent which enhances the reactivity of the compound (I), (II) or (III). It is also possible to mix a first composition comprising the compound or compounds of formula (I), (II) or (III), in solution or dispersion in an anhydrous solvent, for example ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerol or a PDMS, with a second composition comprising water and optionally other ingredients.

According to one embodiment, the cosmetic composition comprises at least one compound of formula (II) as defined above and a surfactant.

Examples

The following compositions can illustrate the invention without, however, exhibiting a limiting nature. They can be prepared at the time of use:

Composition 1

Amide of glyoxylic acid and of 10 g

monoethanolamine

Glycerol 30 g

pH agent q.s. for pH

8.8 Water

The composition is left on hair for 30 minutes. A brushing is performed and the hair locks are treated by using a flat iron. A shampoo is then applied on the hair locks which are then rinsed.

We obtain a smoothing which is durable after at least one shampoo.

Claims

1 . Method for the cosmetic treatment of hair, comprising the application, to the said hair, of a cosmetic composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II) or (III), and also their salts; hydrates; acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; (thio)hemiacetals and their optical and geometrical isomers:

in which formula (I):

R represents a radical resulting from an organic mono- or polyamine,

R representing a radical chosen from:

the said alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹ , which are identical or different, being as defined above;

^ ' polycyclic heterocycle comprising from 3 to 50 ring members, preferably from 3 to 14 ring members, and optionally comprising one or more additional heteroatoms chosen from O, S and N, such as pyrrolidyl, (benzo)morpholino, (benzo)piperidino, (benzo)piperazino, (benzo)thiomorpholino, azepanyl or indolyl;

• it being possible for the different aryl or heterocyclic radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2- C10 acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹)- C(O)-_, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹, which are identical or different, being as defined above, it being possible for the aryl and heterocyclic radicals in addition to be substituted by C1-C10 alkyl radicals; and

n denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 100;

^R2^X1 \ O

CH—

^R1^X2 OH (ii)

· Ri and R2 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a radical chosen from:

ii) C6-C30 aryl radicals, in particular C6-Ci₄ aryl radicals, such as phenyl;

at least one of Ri or R₂ being other than a hydrogen atom,

or

• Ri and R2 form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated or unsaturated and preferably saturated 5- to 8-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci- Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri', which are identical or different, being as defined above;

with p denoting an integer ranging from 2 to 10 and preferably from 2 to 4.

2. Method according to Claim 1 , in which n denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 3, preferably equal to 1 or 2 and more preferably equal to 1 .

3. Method according to any one of Claims 1 or 2, in which the compound of formula (I) is chosen from the compounds of formula (B) and also its salts; its hydrates; its acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; its (thio)hemiacetals and its optical and geometrical isomers:

O O

\\ //

c- -C

/

H N - R⁵

/

R⁴

which formula (B):

• R⁴ represents a group chosen from a) (Ci-C3o)alkyl; b) (C2-C3o)alkenyl; in particular, the alkyl group or groups are C1-C10 groups and the alkenyl group or groups are C2-C10 groups, the alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, divalent groups or their combinations chosen from -O-, -S-, -C(O)- or -N(R¹ )-; with R¹ denoting a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl radical, the said alkyl or alkenyl radicals optionally being substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-, (C₂-Ci₀ acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci- Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹ , which are identical or different, being as defined above; c) C6-C30 aryl, in particular C6-Ci₄ aryl, such as phenyl;

• R⁵ represents a hydrogen atom or a Ci-C₄ alkyl radical.

4. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, in which the compound of formula (I) is chosen from the compounds of formula (C) and also its salts; its hydrates; its acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; its (thio)hemiacetals and its optical and geometrical isomers:

which formula (C):

• R⁴ is as defined in the preceding claim in the formula (B);

• n and m, which are identical or different, denote an integer ranging from 1 to 50, in particular ranging from 1 to 20 and preferably ranging from 1 to 3; more particularly, n and m are equal to 1 or 2 and preferably n and m are equal to 1 .

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the compound or compounds of formula (I) are chosen from the following compounds:

(3) (4)

6. Method according to Claim 1 , in which: • Ri and F¾ denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a C1-C5 alkyl radical optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino,

(di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C₂-Ci₀ acyl, amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri ')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci- Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri', which are identical or different, being as defined above,

at least one of Ri or R₂ being other than a hydrogen atom,

or

· Ri and R2 form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated 5- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri , (C₂-Ci₀ acyl)amido: Ri'-C(O)-N(Ri')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with Ri', which are identical or different, being as defined above.

7. Method according to Claim 1 or Claim 6, in which Ri and R2 denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl radical or form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated unsubstituted 5- to 6- membered heterocycle, one at least of Ri or R₂ being other than a hydrogen atom.

8. Method according to any one of Claims 1 , 6 and 7, in which Ri and R2 are both other than a hydrogen atom.

9. Method according to any one of Claims 1 and 6 to 8, in which the compound or compounds of formula (II) are chosen from the following compounds:

10. Method according to Claim 1 , in which the acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals, hemi(thio)acetals, hydrates and optical or geometrical isomers of the compounds of formula (III) are chosen from the compounds of formula (ΙΙΓ):

with p denoting an integer ranging from 2 to 10 and preferably from 2 to 4, in which formula (ΙΙΓ) Xio, X20, X30 and X₄o, which are identical or different, represent an oxygen or sulfur atom, preferably an oxygen atom, and

• R10, R20, R30 and R₄o represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a radical chosen from:

ii) C6-C30 aryl radicals, in particular C6-Ci₄ aryl radicals, such as phenyl;

it being possible for these different radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci- Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: R10'- C(O)-N(Rio')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Ri₀'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R10', which are identical or different, being as defined above, it being possible for the aryl, arylene and non- aromatic mono- or polycyclic radicals in addition to be substituted by C1-C10 alkyl radicals;

• or R10 and R20 and/or R₃₀ and R₄o form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated or unsaturated and preferably saturated 5- to 8-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Ri₀'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-, (C₂-Ci₀ acyl)amido: Ri₀'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R10', which are identical or different, being as defined above.

1 1 . Method according to Claim 10, in which the compound or compounds of formula (ΙΙΓ) are such that: • Rio, R20, R30 and R₄o denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a C1-C5 alkyl radical optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Rio'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Rio'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R10', which are identical or different, being as defined above,

or R10 and R20 and/or R₃₀ and R₄o form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated 5- to 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2-C10 acyl, amido: Rio'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: Rio'-C(O)-N(Ri₀')-C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R10', which are identical or different, being as defined above.

12. Method according to either one of Claims 10 or 1 1 , in which the compound or compounds of formula (ΙΙΓ) are such that:

• R10, R20, R30 and R₄o denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl radical,

• or R10 and R20 and/or R₃₀ and R₄o form, with the oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms carrying them and the carbon atom carrying these two heteroatoms, a saturated unsubstituted 5- to 6-membered heterocycle.

13. Method according to any one of Claims 10 to 12, in which one at least of R10 or R20 and one at least of R30 or R ₀ is other than a hydrogen atom and preferably in which all the R10 to R₄o radicals are other than a hydrogen atom.

14. Method according to any one of Claims 1 and 10 to 13, in which the compound or compounds of formula (III) or (ΙΙΓ) are chosen from the following compounds:

(4")

15. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the compound or compounds (I), (II) or (III) are present in the cosmetic composition at a concentration ranging from 0.01 % to 50% by weight, in particular from 0.1 % to 20% by weight and preferably from 1 % to 15% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition.

16. Method according to one of the preceding claims, the said composition being aqueous and preferably comprising water at a concentration of between 5% and 98% by weight, in particular 20% and 95% by weight and better still 50% and 90% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition.

17. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 15, the said composition being anhydrous.

18. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one cosmetic ingredient chosen from propellants; oils; solid fatty substances and in particular Cs-C₄o esters, Cs-C₄o acids or Cs-C₄o alcohols; non-ionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants or zwitterionic surfactants; sunscreens; moisturizing agents; antidandruff agents; antioxidants; chelating agents; pearlescent and opacifying agents; plasticizing or coalescing agents; hydroxy acids; fillers; silicones and in particular polydimethylsiloxanes; polymeric or non-polymeric thickeners; gelling agents; emulsifiers; polymers, in particular conditioning or styling polymers; fragrances; basifying or acidifying agents; silanes; or crosslinking agents.

19. Method according to one of the preceding claims, for caring for, cleaning, styling or shaping the hair.

20. Method according to one of the preceding claims, for the retention of the hairstyle or the shaping of the hair, or the care, cosmetic treatment or cleaning of the hair.

21 . Method according to one of the preceding Claims, for the conditioning, shaping, reinforcing and/or repairing of the hair, in particular for introducing or improving the disentangling, smoothing, combability, manageability or softness of the hair.

22. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a rinsing stage and/or a heat treatment stage, in particular with a crimping or smoothing iron, at a temperature of between 150°C and 250°C.

23. Method according to one of the preceding Claims, for the care and the cosmetic treatment, in particular the protection, of the hair, especially of hair which has been weakened and/or damaged, for example by chemical or mechanical treatments.

24. Cosmetic composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II) or (III), and also their salts; hydrates; acyclic or cyclic (thio)acetals; (thio)hemiacetals and their optical and geometrical isomers:

in which formula (I):

R represents a radical resulting from an organic mono- or polyamine,

R representing a radical chosen from:

• it being possible for the different aryl or heterocyclic radicals to be optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl, mercaptan, aldehyde, amino, (di)(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, (di)hydroxy(Ci-Cio)alkylamino, C2- C10 acyl, amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-, (C2-C10 acyl)amido: R¹-C(O)-N(R¹ )-

C(O)-, halogen, sulfo, carboxyl, cyano, (Ci-Cio)alkyl or (Ci-Cio)alkoxy groups, with R¹ , which are identical or different, being as defined above, it being possible for the aryl and heterocyclic radicals in addition to be substituted by C1-C10 alkyl radicals; and

· n denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 100;

\ O

CH— C

/ \

OH

(II)

ii) C6-C30 aryl radicals, in particular C6-Ci₄ aryl radicals, such as phenyl;

at least one of Ri or R₂ being other than a hydrogen atom,

or

with p denoting an integer ranging from 2 to 10 and preferably from 2 to 4.

25. Composition according to the preceding claim, resulting from the mixing at the time of use of at least two compositions, one of which comprising one or more compounds of formula (I), (II) or (III), the composition comprising one or more compounds of formula (I), (II) or (III) preferably being anhydrous.

26. Composition according to one of claims 24 and 25, said composition comprising neither a colouring agent nor a reducing agent.

27. Use of one or more compounds of formula (I), (II) or (III) as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 14 for the care and/or protection of the hair.

28. Use of one or more compounds of formula (I), (II) or (III) as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 14, for the conditioning, shaping, reinforcing and/or repairing of the hair, in particular for introducing or improving the disentangling, smoothing, combability, manageability or softness of the hair.