WO2013105209A1 - Photobiomedical measurement apparatus - Google Patents

Photobiomedical measurement apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013105209A1
WO2013105209A1 PCT/JP2012/050223 JP2012050223W WO2013105209A1 WO 2013105209 A1 WO2013105209 A1 WO 2013105209A1 JP 2012050223 W JP2012050223 W JP 2012050223W WO 2013105209 A1 WO2013105209 A1 WO 2013105209A1
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Prior art keywords
point
scalp surface
image data
image
scalp
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PCT/JP2012/050223
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
石川　亮宏
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株式会社島津製作所
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Priority to PCT/JP2012/050223 priority Critical patent/WO2013105209A1/en
Priority to JP2013553117A priority patent/JP5729490B2/en
Priority to US14/363,345 priority patent/US10258237B2/en
Publication of WO2013105209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013105209A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
    • A61B5/004—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part
    • A61B5/0042—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part for the brain
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves  involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
    • A61B5/061—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A61B5/14553—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases specially adapted for cerebral tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
    • A61B2576/02—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part
    • A61B2576/026—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part for the brain
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
    • A61B5/0035—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for acquisition of images from more than one imaging mode, e.g. combining MRI and optical tomography
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/40—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system
    • A61B5/4058—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system for evaluating the central nervous system
    • A61B5/4064—Evaluating the brain
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/742—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using visual displays
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/742—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using visual displays
    • A61B5/743—Displaying an image simultaneously with additional graphical information, e.g. symbols, charts, function plots
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
    • G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
    • G01R33/4808—Multimodal MR, e.g. MR combined with positron emission tomography [PET], MR combined with ultrasound or MR combined with computed tomography [CT]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H30/00—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical images
    • G16H30/40—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical images for processing medical images, e.g. editing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical biological measurement apparatus, and more particularly to an optical biological measurement apparatus that measures brain activity non-invasively.
  • an optical brain functional imaging apparatus that performs noninvasive measurement using light.
  • near-infrared light of three different wavelengths ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , and ⁇ 3 (for example, 780 nm, 805 nm, and 830 nm) is obtained by a light transmission probe arranged on the scalp surface of a subject.
  • concentration / optical path length product of total hemoglobin ([oxyHb] + [deoxyHb]) is calculated from the concentration / optical path length product [oxyHb] of oxyhemoglobin and the deoxyhemoglobin concentration / optical path length product [deoxyHb]. Yes.
  • a ( ⁇ 1 ) E O ( ⁇ 1 ) ⁇ [oxyHb] + E d ( ⁇ 1 ) ⁇ [deoxyHb] (1)
  • a ( ⁇ 2 ) E O ( ⁇ 2 ) ⁇ [oxyHb] + E d ( ⁇ 2 ) ⁇ [deoxyHb] (2)
  • a ( ⁇ 3 ) E O ( ⁇ 3 ) ⁇ [oxyHb] + E d ( ⁇ 3 ) ⁇ [deoxyHb] (3)
  • E O ( ⁇ m) is an absorbance coefficient of oxyhemoglobin in light having a wavelength ⁇ m
  • E d ( ⁇ m) is an absorbance coefficient of deoxyhemoglobin in light having a wavelength ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a relationship between a pair of light transmitting probe and light receiving probe and a measurement site.
  • the light transmitting probe 12 is pressed against the light transmitting point t on the subject's scalp surface, and the light receiving probe 13 is pressed against the light receiving point r on the subject's scalp surface. Then, light is emitted from the light transmitting probe 12 and light emitted from the scalp surface is incident on the light receiving probe 13.
  • the light passing through the banana shape reaches the light receiving point r on the scalp surface.
  • the light transmitting point t and the light receiving point r are particularly determined from the midpoint s of the line connecting the light transmitting point t and the light receiving point r at the shortest distance along the surface of the subject's scalp. It is assumed that received light amount information A ( ⁇ 1 ), A ( ⁇ 2 ), and A ( ⁇ 3 ) regarding the measurement site m of the subject that is half the distance of the line connected at the shortest distance along the scalp surface is obtained. Yes.
  • the measurement site m is a brain region
  • the scalp is present outside the brain, so the positions of the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 can be determined while checking the position of the brain. I can't decide. Therefore, doctors, laboratory technicians, and the like do not determine the positions of the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 based on the position of the brain, but based on the reference point set on the scalp surface. The arrangement position of the light receiving probe 13 is determined.
  • a reference point set on the scalp surface for example, the International 10-20 method has been published (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).
  • the shape of the human brain is actually distorted and often asymmetric.
  • the human brain is asymmetrical, when the brain activity is measured by arranging the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 at equal positions with respect to the scalp surface, the brain of the part of the brain to be measured is measured. The problem was that activity was not measured. There are individual differences in the anatomy of the brain. In other words, since brain shapes often differ from person to person, brain activity data measured based on the International 10-20 method could not be compared among multiple persons.
  • an optical biometric device capable of displaying an image of a three-dimensional morphological image indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface in order to arrange the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a three-dimensional morphological image showing the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface.
  • Such an optical biometric apparatus is configured by designating a morphological image display means for displaying a three-dimensional morphological image indicating the positional relationship between a scalp surface image and a brain surface image, and a predetermined position of the brain surface image.
  • a measurement point determining means for determining a predetermined position of the brain surface image as the measurement point m, and a specific position of the scalp surface image is determined as the estimation point s based on the measurement point m, and an image of the estimation point s is displayed.
  • Estimated point determination means According to such an optical biometric apparatus, a doctor, a laboratory technician, or the like transmits a probe to the scalp surface of a subject while observing an image display of a three-dimensional morphological image indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface image and the brain surface image. 12 and the light receiving probe 13 can be accurately arranged.
  • NeuroImage 18 865-879, 2003 “Three-dimensional probabilistic anatomical cranio-cerebral correlation via the international 10-20 system oriented for transcranial functional brain mapping” (NeuroImage 21 (2004) 99-111)
  • the present inventor examined a method for accurately determining the position of the subject's scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point s. Therefore, it has been found that a reference point set on the scalp surface by the international 10-20 method or the like is used.
  • the optical biometric apparatus of the present invention is an optical biometric apparatus that includes a display device that performs image display and an input device that is operated for input, and is a three-dimensional diagram that shows the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface.
  • a measurement point determination unit that determines a predetermined position of the brain surface image as a measurement point by specifying a predetermined position of the brain surface image displayed on the basis of the morphological image data with the input device, and the measurement point Based on the three-dimensional morphological image data, a specific position of the scalp surface image displayed as an estimated point, and an estimated point determination unit for displaying an image of the estimated point on the scalp surface image;
  • a position guide unit that displays a path image indicating a shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point and a reference point of the scalp surface image corresponding to the reference point of the subject on the scalp surface image; Have .
  • three-dimensional morphological image data indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface refers to video data of a subject created by a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (hereinafter abbreviated as MRI), a CT image, or the like. This refers to three-dimensional morphological image data created by extracting video data indicating the scalp surface and brain surface (see FIG. 7).
  • the “measurement point” means an arbitrary position designated on the brain surface image by using an input device or the like.
  • the “estimated point” refers to a position determined on the scalp surface image based on the measurement point. For example, the position of the scalp surface image at the shortest distance from the measurement point or the radius of the sphere is enlarged. For example, the barycentric coordinates of the scalp surface obtained by the ball.
  • the estimation point is determined on the scalp surface image by specifying the measurement point on the brain surface image
  • the scalp surface image corresponding to the estimation point and the reference point of the subject A path image showing the shortest path along the scalp surface with the reference point is displayed on the scalp surface image.
  • a doctor, a laboratory technician, or the like can determine the position of the subject's scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point while referring to the route image from the reference point of the subject.
  • the position of the subject's scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point can be accurately determined, and therefore, the light transmitting probe, the light receiving probe, and the like are accurately arranged. Can do.
  • the optical biometric apparatus of the present invention acquires scalp surface morphological image data by extracting morphological video data indicating the scalp surface based on morphological video data indicating the subject including the scalp surface and the brain surface.
  • a morphological image data acquisition unit that acquires cerebral surface morphological image data by extracting morphological video data indicating the brain surface, and by combining the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data, You may make it provide the morphological image creation part which produces
  • the position guiding unit displays a shortest distance along the scalp surface between the estimated point and a reference point of a scalp surface image corresponding to the reference point of the subject. May be. As described above, according to the optical biological measurement apparatus of the present invention, the shortest distance between the estimated point and the reference point is displayed, so that the position of the subject's scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point can be more accurately determined. it can.
  • the reference point of the subject may be the nasal root, the top of the subject, the right auricle front point, or the left auricle front point.
  • the estimated point determination unit may determine a specific position of the scalp surface image at the shortest distance from the measurement point as an estimated point.
  • the optical biometric apparatus of the present invention comprises a measurement probe having at least one light transmitting probe disposed on the scalp surface and at least one light receiving probe disposed on the scalp surface, and the light transmitting probe. May emit light to the scalp surface, and the light-receiving probe may detect light emitted from the scalp surface.
  • the optical biometric apparatus of the present invention it is possible to measure the brain activity of the part of the brain to be measured with the measurement probe regardless of individual differences in the anatomical structure of the brain.
  • the optical biometric device of the present invention includes a morphological image data acquisition unit that acquires the morphological image data, and the morphological image data acquisition unit acquires morphological image data created by the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus. You may do it.
  • the block diagram which shows the structure of the optical biological measuring device which is one Embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an optical biological measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical biological measurement apparatus 1 includes a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic apparatus (hereinafter abbreviated as MRI) 2, a measurement probe 11, and a control system (computer) 20 that controls the entire optical biological measurement apparatus 1.
  • MRI nuclear magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic apparatus
  • 2 and 3 are diagrams illustrating an example of a monitor screen 23a on which an image obtained by the biological measurement apparatus 1 is displayed.
  • a three-dimensional morphological image 24d showing the positional relationship between the scalp surface image 24a and the brain surface image 24b is displayed on the monitor screen 23a.
  • an image display of the pointer 24c, the measurement point m, and the estimated point s is performed.
  • the scalp surface image 24a is translucent and displayed as an image.
  • FIG. 3 an image display of a three-dimensional morphological image 24d showing the scalp surface image 24a is performed.
  • image display of the route images L1 and L2 is performed.
  • the MRI2 creates morphological image data indicating a two-dimensional image in three directions as shown in FIG.
  • the morphological video data indicates subjects including the scalp surface and the brain surface.
  • the morphological image data is composed of a plurality of pixels having numerical values such as intensity information and phase information of the MR signal.
  • the measurement probe 11 includes a light transmission probe 12 and a light reception probe 13.
  • the light transmission probe 12 emits light according to a drive signal input from the computer 20.
  • the light receiving probe 13 outputs light reception amount information A ( ⁇ 1 ), A ( ⁇ 2 ), A ( ⁇ 3 ) to the computer 20 by detecting light.
  • the computer 20 includes a CPU 21, and further includes a memory 25 for storing morphological image data, scalp surface morphological image data, brain surface morphological image data, brain activity data, and the like, a display device 23 having a monitor screen 23a and the like, and an input device.
  • a keyboard 22a and a mouse 22b are connected. Further, the functions processed by the CPU 21 will be described as a block.
  • the morphological image data acquisition unit 31, the morphological image data acquisition unit 32, the morphological image creation unit 33, the measurement point determination unit 34, and the estimated point determination unit 35 The pointer display control unit 36, the position guide unit 38, and the brain activity data acquisition unit 37 are provided.
  • the pointer display control unit 36 displays the image of the pointer 24c on the monitor screen 23a, and moves the pointer 24c displayed on the monitor screen 23a based on the input signal output from the mouse 22b, or moves the pointer 24c with the pointer 24c. Control to specify the position.
  • the morphological video data acquisition unit 31 acquires morphological video data created by the MRI 2 and performs control for storing the morphological video data in the memory 25.
  • the morphological image data acquisition unit 32 extracts morphological video data indicating the scalp surface based on the morphological video data stored in the memory 25, thereby acquiring scalp surface morphological image data and indicating the brain surface.
  • the brain surface morphological image data is acquired, and the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data are controlled to be stored in the memory 25.
  • an image region dividing method such as region expansion method, region merging method, heuristic method, boundary element, etc.
  • the morphological image creation unit 33 synthesizes the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data stored in the memory 25 to thereby indicate a three-dimensional morphological image indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface image 24a and the brain surface image 24b.
  • 24d is created and control is performed to display the image of the three-dimensional form image 24d on the monitor screen 23a.
  • the scalp surface image 24a and the brain surface image 24b are displayed in an overlapping manner, the scalp surface image 24a is displayed in a translucent manner.
  • the three-dimensional morphological image 24d can accurately indicate the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface by synthesizing the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data based on the morphological video data.
  • the measurement point determination unit 34 determines the predetermined position of the brain surface image 24b as the measurement point m by designating the predetermined position of the brain surface image 24b displayed on the monitor screen 23a with the pointer 24c, and Control is performed to display an image of the measurement point m on the monitor image 23a on the surface image 24b.
  • the estimated point determination unit 35 determines a specific position of the scalp surface image 24a displayed on the monitor screen 23a as an estimated point s and displays an image of the estimated point s on the scalp surface image 24a. Is performed on the monitor screen 23a.
  • the estimated point determination unit 35 determines, for example, a specific position of the scalp surface image 24a at the shortest distance from the measurement point m as the estimated point s. Note that the estimated point determination unit 35 may enlarge the radius of the sphere and determine the center-of-gravity coordinates of the scalp surface obtained by the sphere as the estimated point s.
  • the position guiding unit 38 designates two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a as reference points by designating the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a displayed on the monitor screen 23a by the pointer 24c.
  • a path image L1 indicating the shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O1
  • Control is performed to display an image with L2 on the monitor screen 23a.
  • Examples of the reference points described above include a nasal root image, a parietal image, a right auricular point image, a left auricular point image, and the like.
  • a plane head section including the estimated point s and the reference point is reconstructed, and the outer layer pixel between the estimated point s and the reference point is reconstructed.
  • the method of calculating the distance, the corresponding point on the scalp surface of the midpoint of the straight line passing through the estimated point s and the reference point, and the scalp of the midpoint of the straight line passing through the corresponding point and the estimated point s (reference point) For example, a method of obtaining a corresponding point on the surface and repeating this to make a route is used.
  • the brain activity data acquisition unit 37 Based on the input signal output from the input device 22, the brain activity data acquisition unit 37 outputs a drive signal for acquiring brain activity data to the light transmission probe 12 and also receives light reception amount information A ( ⁇ 1) from the light reception probe 13. ), A ( ⁇ 2 ), and A ( ⁇ 3 ) are input to control the memory 25 to store the brain activity data. Therefore, according to the brain activity data, for example, oxyhemoglobin concentration / optical path length product [oxyHb], deoxyhemoglobin concentration / optical path length product [deoxyHb], total hemoglobin concentration / optical path length product ([oxyHb] + [deoxyHb] ]).
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the inspection method by the living body measurement apparatus 1.
  • morphological image data indicating a subject including a scalp surface and a brain surface is acquired from the MRI 2, and the morphological image data is stored in the memory 25 (see FIG. 4).
  • the morphological image data may be stored in the memory 25 using a storage medium or the like from a separately provided MRI.
  • the scalp surface morphological image data is obtained by extracting the morphological video data indicating the scalp surface based on the morphological video data stored in the memory 25, and the scalp surface morphological image data. Is stored in the memory 25. At this time, for example, morphological image data indicating the scalp surface is extracted by a surface rendering method (see FIG. 7A).
  • brain surface morphological image data is obtained by extracting morphological video data indicating the brain surface based on the morphological video data stored in the memory 25, and the brain surface morphological image data. Is stored in the memory 25. At this time, for example, morphological image data indicating the brain surface is extracted by a volume rendering method (see FIG. 7B).
  • the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data stored in the memory 25 are synthesized to indicate the three-dimensional relationship between the scalp surface image 24a and the brain surface image 24b.
  • a morphological image 24d is created, and an image of the three-dimensional morphological image 24d is displayed on the monitor screen 23a (see FIG. 7C).
  • the predetermined position of the brain surface image 24b is determined as the measurement point m by designating the predetermined position of the brain surface image 24b displayed on the monitor screen 23a with the pointer 24c. At this time, an image of the measurement point m is displayed on the monitor screen 23a (see FIG. 2).
  • the predetermined position examples include a motor area, a somatosensory area, a visual area, an auditory area, and a motor language center. That is, the brain activity at a predetermined position can be measured.
  • the specific position of the scalp surface image 24a displayed on the monitor screen 23a is determined as the estimated point s.
  • an image of the estimated point s is displayed on the monitor screen 23a (see FIG. 2).
  • the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a are designated by specifying the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a displayed on the monitor screen 23a with the pointer 24c, respectively.
  • Reference points O1 and O2 are determined.
  • a path image L1 showing the shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O1, and a shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O2 are shown. An image is displayed with the route image L2 (see FIG. 3).
  • step S109 the midpoint of the line connecting the position where the one end 12a of the light transmitting probe 12 is disposed and the position where the one end 13a of the light receiving probe 13 is disposed at the shortest distance along the scalp surface.
  • one light transmitting probe 12 and one light receiving probe 13 are arranged on the subject so as to be the same position as the position of the scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point s. That is, the measurement probe 11 is arranged with reference to the monitor screen 23a displayed as an image shown in FIG.
  • step S110 the light is emitted from one end 12a of the light transmitting probe 12, and the light emitted from the scalp surface is detected by the one end 13a of the light receiving probe 13.
  • the concentration / optical path length product [oxyHb] of oxyhemoglobin at the position of the brain corresponding to the measurement point m of the brain surface image 24b the concentration / optical path length product [deoxyHb] of deoxyhemoglobin, and the concentration / optical path length of total hemoglobin.
  • the product ([oxyHb] + [deoxyHb]) is obtained.
  • this flowchart is complete
  • the position of the scalp surface of the subject corresponding to the estimated point s can be accurately determined, so that the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 can be accurately arranged. it can.
  • a path image L1 indicating the shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O1
  • the shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O2 has been shown
  • the numerical value indicating the shortest distance along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O1
  • the scalp between the estimated point s and the reference point O2 It is good also as a structure which displays an image with the numerical value which shows the shortest distance along the surface.
  • the position guiding unit 38 specifies the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a by designating the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a with the pointer 24c.
  • a configuration may be adopted in which two (or three) predetermined positions of the scalp surface image are determined as reference points.
  • the position guiding unit automatically extracts and extracts a reference point (for example, a point defined by the International 10-20 method, etc.) from a three-dimensional morphological image data by a feature point detection device using a normalized pattern recognition method.
  • the distances between the plurality of reference points and the target point (estimated point s) are calculated.
  • Two or three reference points having a small distance calculated in this way are automatically selected. This eliminates the need for doctors, laboratory technicians, and the like to designate reference points with pointers.
  • the position guiding unit 38 specifies the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a by designating the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a with the pointer 24c.
  • reference points O1 and O2 are defined as reference points O1 and O2, respectively.
  • the present invention can be used in an optical biometric apparatus that measures brain activity non-invasively.
  • Optical biological measurement device 2 MRI 11: Measurement probe 12: Light transmission probe 13: Light reception probe 22: Input device 23: Display device 31: Morphological image data acquisition unit 32: Morphological image data acquisition unit 33: Morphological image creation unit 34: Measurement point determination unit 35: Estimation Point determining unit 38: Position guiding unit t: Light transmitting point r: Light receiving point m: Measurement point s: Estimated point

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Abstract

A photobiomedical measurement apparatus (1) characterized in being provided with: a measurement point-determining unit (34) for determining a specified position in a cerebral surface image (24b) as a measurement point (m) by designating the specified position in the cerebral surface image (24b) with an input device (22); an estimating point-determining unit (35) for determining a specific position in a scalp surface image (24a) as an estimating point (s) based on the measurement point (m) and displaying an image of the estimating point (s); and a position-guiding unit (38) that displays, on the scalp surface image (24a), path images (L1, L2), which represent the shortest paths along the scalp surface between the estimating point (s) and reference points on the scalp surface image (24a) that correspond to reference points on the subject.

Description

光生体計測装置Optical biological measurement device
　本発明は、光生体計測装置に関し、さらに詳細には非侵襲で脳活動を測定する光生体計測装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an optical biological measurement apparatus, and more particularly to an optical biological measurement apparatus that measures brain activity non-invasively.
　近年、脳の活動状況を観察するために、光を用いて簡便に非侵襲で測定する光脳機能イメージング装置が開発されている。このような光脳機能イメージング装置では、被験者の頭皮表面上に配置した送光プローブにより、異なる３種類の波長λ１、λ２、λ３（例えば、７８０ｎｍと８０５ｎｍと８３０ｎｍ）の近赤外光を脳に照射するとともに、頭皮表面上に配置した受光プローブにより、脳から放出された各波長λ１、λ２、λ３の近赤外光の強度（受光量情報）Ａ（λ１）、Ａ（λ２）、Ａ（λ３）をそれぞれ検出する。
　そして、このようにして得られた受光量情報Ａ（λ１）、Ａ（λ２）、Ａ（λ３）から、脳血流中のオキシヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積[oxyHb]と、デオキシヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積[deoxyHb]とを求めるために、例えば、Modified Beer Lambert則を用いて関係式（１）（２）（３）に示す連立方程式を作成して、この連立方程式を解いている（例えば、非特許文献１参照）。さらには、オキシヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積[oxyHb]と、デオキシヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積[deoxyHb]とから総ヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積（[oxyHb]＋[deoxyHb]）を算出している。
　Ａ（λ１）＝ＥＯ（λ１）×[oxyHb]＋Ｅｄ（λ１）×[deoxyHb]・・・（１）
　Ａ（λ２）＝ＥＯ（λ２）×[oxyHb]＋Ｅｄ（λ２）×[deoxyHb]・・・（２）
　Ａ（λ３）＝ＥＯ（λ３）×[oxyHb]＋Ｅｄ（λ３）×[deoxyHb]・・・（３）
　なお、ＥＯ（λｍ）は、波長λｍの光におけるオキシヘモグロビンの吸光度係数であり、Ｅｄ（λｍ）は、波長λｍの光におけるデオキシヘモグロビンの吸光度係数である。 In recent years, in order to observe the activity state of the brain, an optical brain functional imaging apparatus has been developed that performs noninvasive measurement using light. In such an optical brain functional imaging apparatus, near-infrared light of three different wavelengths λ 1 , λ 2 , and λ 3 (for example, 780 nm, 805 nm, and 830 nm) is obtained by a light transmission probe arranged on the scalp surface of a subject. , And the intensity (received light amount information) A (λ 1 ) of near-infrared light of each wavelength λ 1 , λ 2 , λ 3 emitted from the brain by a light-receiving probe arranged on the scalp surface, A (λ 2 ) and A (λ 3 ) are detected.
From the received light amount information A (λ 1 ), A (λ 2 ), and A (λ 3 ) thus obtained, the concentration / optical path length product [oxyHb] of oxyhemoglobin in the cerebral blood flow, and deoxy In order to obtain the hemoglobin concentration and the optical path length product [deoxyHb], for example, the simultaneous equations shown in relational expressions (1), (2), and (3) are created using the Modified Beer Lambert rule, and the simultaneous equations are solved. (For example, refer nonpatent literature 1). Furthermore, the concentration / optical path length product of total hemoglobin ([oxyHb] + [deoxyHb]) is calculated from the concentration / optical path length product [oxyHb] of oxyhemoglobin and the deoxyhemoglobin concentration / optical path length product [deoxyHb]. Yes.
A (λ 1 ) = E O (λ 1 ) × [oxyHb] + E d (λ 1 ) × [deoxyHb] (1)
A (λ 2 ) = E O (λ 2 ) × [oxyHb] + E d (λ 2 ) × [deoxyHb] (2)
A (λ 3 ) = E O (λ 3 ) × [oxyHb] + E d (λ 3 ) × [deoxyHb] (3)
E O (λm) is an absorbance coefficient of oxyhemoglobin in light having a wavelength λm, and E d (λm) is an absorbance coefficient of deoxyhemoglobin in light having a wavelength λm.
　ここで、送光プローブと受光プローブとの間の距離（チャンネル）と、測定部位との関係について説明する。図６は、一対の送光プローブ及び受光プローブと、測定部位との関係を示す断面図である。
　送光プローブ１２が被験者の頭皮表面の送光点ｔに押し当てられるとともに、受光プローブ１３が被験者の頭皮表面の受光点ｒに押し当てられる。そして、送光プローブ１２から光を照射させるとともに、受光プローブ１３に頭皮表面から放出される光を入射させる。このとき、光は、頭皮表面の送光点ｔから照射された光のうちで、バナナ形状（測定領域）を通過した光が、頭皮表面の受光点ｒに到達する。これにより、測定領域の中でも、特に送光点ｔと受光点ｒとを被験者の頭皮表面に沿って最短距離で結んだ線の中点ｓから、送光点ｔと受光点ｒとを被験者の頭皮表面に沿って最短距離で結んだ線の距離の半分の深さである被験者の測定部位ｍに関する受光量情報Ａ（λ１）、Ａ（λ２）、Ａ（λ３）が得られるとしている。 Here, the relationship between the distance (channel) between the light transmitting probe and the light receiving probe and the measurement site will be described. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a relationship between a pair of light transmitting probe and light receiving probe and a measurement site.
The light transmitting probe 12 is pressed against the light transmitting point t on the subject's scalp surface, and the light receiving probe 13 is pressed against the light receiving point r on the subject's scalp surface. Then, light is emitted from the light transmitting probe 12 and light emitted from the scalp surface is incident on the light receiving probe 13. At this time, among the light irradiated from the light transmission point t on the scalp surface, the light passing through the banana shape (measurement region) reaches the light receiving point r on the scalp surface. As a result, in the measurement region, the light transmitting point t and the light receiving point r are particularly determined from the midpoint s of the line connecting the light transmitting point t and the light receiving point r at the shortest distance along the surface of the subject's scalp. It is assumed that received light amount information A (λ 1 ), A (λ 2 ), and A (λ 3 ) regarding the measurement site m of the subject that is half the distance of the line connected at the shortest distance along the scalp surface is obtained. Yes.
　ところが、医師や検査技師等は、測定部位ｍは脳の部位であるが、脳の外側に頭皮が存在するので、脳の位置を確認しながら、送光プローブ１２及び受光プローブ１３の配置位置を決めることはできない。
　そのため、医師や検査技師等は、脳の位置を基準にして送光プローブ１２及び受光プローブ１３の配置位置を決めるのではなく、頭皮表面に設定された基準点を基にして送光プローブ１２及び受光プローブ１３の配置位置を決めている。なお、頭皮表面に設定された基準点としては、例えば、国際１０－２０法が発表されている（例えば、非特許文献２参照）。 However, doctors, laboratory technicians, and the like, although the measurement site m is a brain region, the scalp is present outside the brain, so the positions of the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 can be determined while checking the position of the brain. I can't decide.
Therefore, doctors, laboratory technicians, and the like do not determine the positions of the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 based on the position of the brain, but based on the reference point set on the scalp surface. The arrangement position of the light receiving probe 13 is determined. As a reference point set on the scalp surface, for example, the International 10-20 method has been published (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).
　しかしながら、ヒトの脳の形状は、実際には歪んでおり、非対称であることが多い。ヒトの脳が左右非対称であるにもかかわらず、送光プローブ１２及び受光プローブ１３の配置位置を頭皮表面に対して均等な位置に配置して脳活動を測定すると、測定したい脳の部位の脳活動が測定されないという問題が生じた。
　また、脳の解剖学的構造には個人差がある。つまり、脳の形状がヒトによって違っている場合も多いため、国際１０－２０法に基づいて測定された脳活動データを複数のヒトで比較することができなかった。 However, the shape of the human brain is actually distorted and often asymmetric. Although the human brain is asymmetrical, when the brain activity is measured by arranging the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 at equal positions with respect to the scalp surface, the brain of the part of the brain to be measured is measured. The problem was that activity was not measured.
There are individual differences in the anatomy of the brain. In other words, since brain shapes often differ from person to person, brain activity data measured based on the International 10-20 method could not be compared among multiple persons.
　そこで、送光プローブ１２及び受光プローブ１３等を配置するために、頭皮表面と脳表面との位置関係を示す３次元形態画像の画像表示を行うことができる光生体計測装置が開示されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。図７は、頭皮表面と脳表面との位置関係を示す３次元形態画像を示す図である。このような光生体計測装置は、頭皮表面画像と脳表面画像との位置関係を示す３次元形態画像の画像表示を行う形態画像表示手段と、脳表面画像の所定の位置が指定されることにより、脳表面画像の所定の位置を測定点ｍと定める測定点決定手段と、測定点ｍに基づいて、頭皮表面画像の特定の位置を推定点ｓと定めるとともに、推定点ｓの画像表示を行う推定点決定手段とを備える。
　このような光生体計測装置によれば、医師や検査技師等は頭皮表面画像と脳表面画像との位置関係を示す３次元形態画像の画像表示を観察しながら、被験者の頭皮表面に送光プローブ１２及び受光プローブ１３等を正確に配置することができる。 Therefore, an optical biometric device capable of displaying an image of a three-dimensional morphological image indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface in order to arrange the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 is disclosed ( For example, see Patent Document 1). FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a three-dimensional morphological image showing the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface. Such an optical biometric apparatus is configured by designating a morphological image display means for displaying a three-dimensional morphological image indicating the positional relationship between a scalp surface image and a brain surface image, and a predetermined position of the brain surface image. And a measurement point determining means for determining a predetermined position of the brain surface image as the measurement point m, and a specific position of the scalp surface image is determined as the estimation point s based on the measurement point m, and an image of the estimation point s is displayed. Estimated point determination means.
According to such an optical biometric apparatus, a doctor, a laboratory technician, or the like transmits a probe to the scalp surface of a subject while observing an image display of a three-dimensional morphological image indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface image and the brain surface image. 12 and the light receiving probe 13 can be accurately arranged.
特開２００７－３１５８２７号公報JP 2007-315827 A
　しかしながら、上述したような光生体計測装置では、頭皮表面画像上に推定点の画像表示が行われるが、実際の被験者の頭皮表面には目印がないため、推定点ｓに対応する被験者の頭皮表面の位置を正確に判断することが困難であった。その結果、被験者の頭皮表面に送光プローブ１２及び受光プローブ１３等を正確に配置することができず、測定点ｍに関する受光量情報Ａ（λ１）、Ａ（λ２）、Ａ（λ３）を得られないことがあった。 However, in the optical biometric measurement apparatus as described above, an estimated point image is displayed on the scalp surface image, but since there is no mark on the actual subject's scalp surface, the subject's scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point s. It was difficult to accurately determine the position of. As a result, the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 and the like cannot be accurately arranged on the scalp surface of the subject, and the received light amount information A (λ 1 ), A (λ 2 ), A (λ 3 ) regarding the measurement point m. ) Could not be obtained.
　本件発明者は、上記課題を解決するために、推定点ｓに対応する被験者の頭皮表面の位置を正確に判断する方法について検討を行った。そこで、国際１０－２０法等によって頭皮表面に設定された基準点を利用することを見出した。 In order to solve the above-described problem, the present inventor examined a method for accurately determining the position of the subject's scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point s. Therefore, it has been found that a reference point set on the scalp surface by the international 10-20 method or the like is used.
　すなわち、本発明の光生体計測装置は、画像表示が行われる表示装置と、入力操作される入力装置とを備える光生体計測装置であって、頭皮表面と脳表面との位置関係を示す３次元形態画像データに基づいて画像表示された脳表面画像の所定の位置が前記入力装置で指定されることにより、当該脳表面画像の所定の位置を測定点と定める測定点決定部と、前記測定点に基づいて、前記３次元形態画像データに基づいて画像表示された頭皮表面画像の特定の位置を推定点と定めるとともに、当該頭皮表面画像上に推定点の画像表示を行う推定点決定部と、前記推定点と、前記被験者の基準点に対応する頭皮表面画像の基準点との頭皮表面に沿った最短経路を示す経路画像を、前記頭皮表面画像上に表示する位置誘導部とを備えるようにしている。 That is, the optical biometric apparatus of the present invention is an optical biometric apparatus that includes a display device that performs image display and an input device that is operated for input, and is a three-dimensional diagram that shows the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface. A measurement point determination unit that determines a predetermined position of the brain surface image as a measurement point by specifying a predetermined position of the brain surface image displayed on the basis of the morphological image data with the input device, and the measurement point Based on the three-dimensional morphological image data, a specific position of the scalp surface image displayed as an estimated point, and an estimated point determination unit for displaying an image of the estimated point on the scalp surface image; A position guide unit that displays a path image indicating a shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point and a reference point of the scalp surface image corresponding to the reference point of the subject on the scalp surface image; Have .
　ここで、「頭皮表面と脳表面との位置関係を示す３次元形態画像データ」とは、核磁気共鳴画像診断装置（以下、ＭＲＩと略す）やＣＴ画像等により作成された被験者の映像データから、頭皮表面及び脳表面を示す映像データを抽出することにより作成された３次元形態画像データのことをいう（図７参照）。
　また、「基準点」とは、国際１０－２０法等によって定義された点等のことをいい、例えば、鼻根(Nasion＝Nz)、後頭結節(Inion＝Iz)、左右両耳介前点（AL，AR）等が挙げられる。
　また、「測定点」とは、入力装置等を用いて脳表面画像上で指定された任意の位置のことをいい、例えば、運動野、体性感覚野、視覚野、聴覚野、運動性言語中枢等が挙げられる。
　また、「推定点」とは、測定点に基づいて頭皮表面画像上で決定される位置のことをいい、例えば、測定点から最短の距離にある頭皮表面画像の位置や、球体の半径を拡大し球体によりえぐられる頭皮表面の重心座標等が挙げられる。
　本発明の光生体計測装置によれば、脳表面画像上で測定点が指定されることにより、頭皮表面画像上で推定点を決定すると、推定点と、被験者の基準点に対応する頭皮表面画像の基準点との頭皮表面に沿った最短経路を示す経路画像を、頭皮表面画像上に表示する。これにより、医師や検査技師等は被験者の基準点からの経路画像を参考にしながら、推定点に対応する被験者の頭皮表面の位置を判断することができる。 Here, “three-dimensional morphological image data indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface” refers to video data of a subject created by a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (hereinafter abbreviated as MRI), a CT image, or the like. This refers to three-dimensional morphological image data created by extracting video data indicating the scalp surface and brain surface (see FIG. 7).
The “reference point” means a point defined by the international 10-20 method, for example, nasal root (Nasion = Nz), occipital nodule (Inion = Iz), left and right binaural anterior points (AL, AR).
The “measurement point” means an arbitrary position designated on the brain surface image by using an input device or the like. For example, motor area, somatosensory area, visual area, auditory area, motor language The center etc. are mentioned.
The “estimated point” refers to a position determined on the scalp surface image based on the measurement point. For example, the position of the scalp surface image at the shortest distance from the measurement point or the radius of the sphere is enlarged. For example, the barycentric coordinates of the scalp surface obtained by the ball.
According to the optical biometric apparatus of the present invention, when the estimation point is determined on the scalp surface image by specifying the measurement point on the brain surface image, the scalp surface image corresponding to the estimation point and the reference point of the subject A path image showing the shortest path along the scalp surface with the reference point is displayed on the scalp surface image. Thereby, a doctor, a laboratory technician, or the like can determine the position of the subject's scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point while referring to the route image from the reference point of the subject.
　以上のように、本発明の光生体計測装置によれば、推定点に対応する被験者の頭皮表面の位置を正確に判断することができるため、送光プローブ及び受光プローブ等を正確に配置することができる。 As described above, according to the optical biological measurement apparatus of the present invention, the position of the subject's scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point can be accurately determined, and therefore, the light transmitting probe, the light receiving probe, and the like are accurately arranged. Can do.
（その他の課題を解決するための手段及び効果）
　また、本発明の光生体計測装置は、頭皮表面と脳表面とを含む被験者を示す形態映像データに基づいて、頭皮表面を示す形態映像データを抽出することにより、頭皮表面形態画像データを取得するとともに、脳表面を示す形態映像データを抽出することにより、脳表面形態画像データを取得する形態画像データ取得部と、前記頭皮表面形態画像データと脳表面形態画像データとを合成することにより、前記３次元形態画像データを作成する形態画像作成部とを備えるようにしてもよい。
　以上のように、本発明の光生体計測装置によれば、頭皮表面と脳表面との位置関係を示す３次元形態画像データを作成するので、正確な頭皮表面と脳表面との位置関係を示すことができる。
　また、本発明の光生体計測装置は、前記位置誘導部は、前記推定点と、前記被験者の基準点に対応する頭皮表面画像の基準点との頭皮表面に沿った最短距離を表示するようにしてもよい。
　以上のように、本発明の光生体計測装置によれば、推定点と基準点との最短距離が表示されるので、推定点に対応する被験者の頭皮表面の位置をより正確に判断することができる。 (Means and effects for solving other problems)
Moreover, the optical biometric apparatus of the present invention acquires scalp surface morphological image data by extracting morphological video data indicating the scalp surface based on morphological video data indicating the subject including the scalp surface and the brain surface. A morphological image data acquisition unit that acquires cerebral surface morphological image data by extracting morphological video data indicating the brain surface, and by combining the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data, You may make it provide the morphological image creation part which produces | generates three-dimensional morphological image data.
As described above, according to the optical biometric device of the present invention, since the three-dimensional morphological image data indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface is created, the accurate positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface is indicated. be able to.
In the optical biological measurement apparatus of the present invention, the position guiding unit displays a shortest distance along the scalp surface between the estimated point and a reference point of a scalp surface image corresponding to the reference point of the subject. May be.
As described above, according to the optical biological measurement apparatus of the present invention, the shortest distance between the estimated point and the reference point is displayed, so that the position of the subject's scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point can be more accurately determined. it can.
　また、本発明の光生体計測装置は、前記被験者の基準点は、前記被験者の鼻根、頭頂、右耳介前点又は左耳介前点であるようにしてもよい。
　また、本発明の光生体計測装置は、前記推定点決定部は、前記測定点から最短の距離にある前記頭皮表面画像の特定の位置を推定点と定めるようにしてもよい。 In the photobiological measurement device of the present invention, the reference point of the subject may be the nasal root, the top of the subject, the right auricle front point, or the left auricle front point.
In the photobiological measurement device of the present invention, the estimated point determination unit may determine a specific position of the scalp surface image at the shortest distance from the measurement point as an estimated point.
　そして、本発明の光生体計測装置は、前記頭皮表面に配置される少なくとも一つの送光プローブと、前記頭皮表面に配置される少なくとも一つの受光プローブとを有する測定プローブを備え、前記送光プローブは、前記頭皮表面に光を出射するとともに、前記受光プローブは、前記頭皮表面から放出される光を検出するようにしてもよい。
　本発明の光生体計測装置によれば、測定プローブにより、脳の解剖学的構造の個人差にかかわらず、測定したい脳の部位の脳活動を測定することができる。
　さらに、本発明の光生体計測装置は、前記形態映像データを取得する形態映像データ取得部を備え、前記形態映像データ取得部は、核磁気共鳴画像診断装置により作成された形態映像データを取得するようにしてもよい。 The optical biometric apparatus of the present invention comprises a measurement probe having at least one light transmitting probe disposed on the scalp surface and at least one light receiving probe disposed on the scalp surface, and the light transmitting probe. May emit light to the scalp surface, and the light-receiving probe may detect light emitted from the scalp surface.
According to the optical biometric apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to measure the brain activity of the part of the brain to be measured with the measurement probe regardless of individual differences in the anatomical structure of the brain.
Furthermore, the optical biometric device of the present invention includes a morphological image data acquisition unit that acquires the morphological image data, and the morphological image data acquisition unit acquires morphological image data created by the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus. You may do it.
本発明の一実施形態である光生体計測装置の構成を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the structure of the optical biological measuring device which is one Embodiment of this invention. 生体計測装置により得られた画像が表示されたモニタ画面の一例を示す図。The figure which shows an example of the monitor screen on which the image obtained by the biometric apparatus was displayed. 生体計測装置により得られた画像が表示されたモニタ画面の一例を示す図。The figure which shows an example of the monitor screen on which the image obtained by the biometric apparatus was displayed. ＭＲＩにより得られた３方向の２次元画像を示す図。The figure which shows the two-dimensional image of 3 directions obtained by MRI. 本発明に係る生体計測装置による検査方法の一例について説明するフローチャート。The flowchart explaining an example of the test | inspection method by the bioinstrumentation apparatus which concerns on this invention. 一対の送光プローブ及び受光プローブと、測定部位との関係を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows a relationship between a pair of light transmission probe and light reception probe, and a measurement site | part. 頭皮表面と脳表面との位置関係を示す３次元形態画像を示す図。The figure which shows the three-dimensional form image which shows the positional relationship of the scalp surface and the brain surface.
　以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を用いて説明する。なお、本発明は、以下に説明するような実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の態様が含まれることはいうまでもない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and it is needless to say that various aspects are included without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
　図１は、本発明の一実施形態である光生体計測装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
　光生体計測装置１は、核磁気共鳴画像診断装置（以下、ＭＲＩと略す）２と、測定プローブ１１と、光生体計測装置１全体の制御を行う制御系（コンピュータ）２０とにより構成される。
　図２及び図３は、生体計測装置１により得られる画像が画像表示されたモニタ画面２３ａの一例を示す図である。図２では、モニタ画面２３ａには頭皮表面画像２４ａと脳表面画像２４ｂとの位置関係を示す３次元形態画像２４ｄの画像表示が行われている。また、ポインタ２４ｃと測定点ｍと推定点ｓとの画像表示が行われている。なお、頭皮表面画像２４ａは、半透明で画像表示されている。図３は、頭皮表面画像２４ａを示す３次元形態画像２４ｄの画像表示が行われている。また、経路画像Ｌ１、Ｌ２の画像表示が行われている。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an optical biological measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The optical biological measurement apparatus 1 includes a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic apparatus (hereinafter abbreviated as MRI) 2, a measurement probe 11, and a control system (computer) 20 that controls the entire optical biological measurement apparatus 1.
2 and 3 are diagrams illustrating an example of a monitor screen 23a on which an image obtained by the biological measurement apparatus 1 is displayed. In FIG. 2, a three-dimensional morphological image 24d showing the positional relationship between the scalp surface image 24a and the brain surface image 24b is displayed on the monitor screen 23a. In addition, an image display of the pointer 24c, the measurement point m, and the estimated point s is performed. The scalp surface image 24a is translucent and displayed as an image. In FIG. 3, an image display of a three-dimensional morphological image 24d showing the scalp surface image 24a is performed. In addition, image display of the route images L1 and L2 is performed.
　ＭＲＩ２は、図４に示すような３方向の２次元画像を示す形態映像データを作成するものである。なお、形態映像データは、頭皮表面と脳表面とを含む被験者を示すものである。また、形態映像データは、ＭＲ信号の強度情報や位相情報等の数値を有する複数のピクセルから構成される。
　測定プローブ１１は、送光プローブ１２と受光プローブ１３とを有する。送光プローブ１２は、コンピュータ２０から入力された駆動信号により光を出射する。受光プローブ１３は、光を検出することにより、受光量情報Ａ（λ１）、Ａ（λ２）、Ａ（λ３）をコンピュータ２０に出力する。 MRI2 creates morphological image data indicating a two-dimensional image in three directions as shown in FIG. Note that the morphological video data indicates subjects including the scalp surface and the brain surface. The morphological image data is composed of a plurality of pixels having numerical values such as intensity information and phase information of the MR signal.
The measurement probe 11 includes a light transmission probe 12 and a light reception probe 13. The light transmission probe 12 emits light according to a drive signal input from the computer 20. The light receiving probe 13 outputs light reception amount information A (λ 1 ), A (λ 2 ), A (λ 3 ) to the computer 20 by detecting light.
　コンピュータ２０においては、ＣＰＵ２１を備え、さらに形態映像データや頭皮表面形態画像データや脳表面形態画像データや脳活動データ等を記憶するメモリ２５と、モニタ画面２３ａ等を有する表示装置２３と、入力装置２２であるキーボード２２ａやマウス２２ｂとが連結されている。また、ＣＰＵ２１が処理する機能をブロック化して説明すると、形態映像データ取得部３１と、形態画像データ取得部３２と、形態画像作成部３３と、測定点決定部３４と、推定点決定部３５と、ポインタ表示制御部３６と、位置誘導部３８と、脳活動データ取得部３７とを有する。 The computer 20 includes a CPU 21, and further includes a memory 25 for storing morphological image data, scalp surface morphological image data, brain surface morphological image data, brain activity data, and the like, a display device 23 having a monitor screen 23a and the like, and an input device. A keyboard 22a and a mouse 22b are connected. Further, the functions processed by the CPU 21 will be described as a block. The morphological image data acquisition unit 31, the morphological image data acquisition unit 32, the morphological image creation unit 33, the measurement point determination unit 34, and the estimated point determination unit 35 The pointer display control unit 36, the position guide unit 38, and the brain activity data acquisition unit 37 are provided.
　ポインタ表示制御部３６は、モニタ画面２３ａにポインタ２４ｃの画像表示を行うとともに、マウス２２ｂから出力された入力信号に基づいて、モニタ画面２３ａに画像表示されたポインタ２４ｃを移動したり、ポインタ２４ｃで位置を指定したりする制御を行う。
　形態映像データ取得部３１は、ＭＲＩ２により作成された形態映像データを取得するとともに、形態映像データをメモリ２５に記憶させる制御を行う。 The pointer display control unit 36 displays the image of the pointer 24c on the monitor screen 23a, and moves the pointer 24c displayed on the monitor screen 23a based on the input signal output from the mouse 22b, or moves the pointer 24c with the pointer 24c. Control to specify the position.
The morphological video data acquisition unit 31 acquires morphological video data created by the MRI 2 and performs control for storing the morphological video data in the memory 25.
　形態画像データ取得部３２は、メモリ２５に記憶された形態映像データに基づいて、頭皮表面を示す形態映像データを抽出することにより、頭皮表面形態画像データを取得し、かつ、脳表面を示す形態映像データを抽出することにより、脳表面形態画像データを取得するとともに、頭皮表面形態画像データと脳表面形態画像データとをメモリ２５に記憶させる制御を行う。
　上述した抽出する方法としては、例えば、ＭＲＩ信号の強度情報や位相情報等の数値を有する複数のピクセルを用いることにより、領域拡張法、領域併合法、ヒューリスティック法等の画像領域分割方法、境界要素を連結して領域を抽出する方法、閉曲線を変形させて領域を抽出する方法等を利用する方法等が挙げられる。このように形態映像データを抽出することにより、頭皮表面形態画像データ及び脳表面形態画像データを取得するので、鮮明な画像データを取得することができる。 The morphological image data acquisition unit 32 extracts morphological video data indicating the scalp surface based on the morphological video data stored in the memory 25, thereby acquiring scalp surface morphological image data and indicating the brain surface. By extracting the video data, the brain surface morphological image data is acquired, and the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data are controlled to be stored in the memory 25.
As the extraction method described above, for example, by using a plurality of pixels having numerical values such as intensity information and phase information of the MRI signal, an image region dividing method such as region expansion method, region merging method, heuristic method, boundary element, etc. And a method of extracting a region by connecting them, a method of using a method of extracting a region by deforming a closed curve, and the like. By extracting morphological video data in this way, scalp surface morphological image data and brain surface morphological image data are acquired, so that clear image data can be acquired.
　形態画像作成部３３は、メモリ２５に記憶された頭皮表面形態画像データと脳表面形態画像データとを合成することにより、頭皮表面画像２４ａと脳表面画像２４ｂとの位置関係を示す３次元形態画像２４ｄを作成して、３次元形態画像２４ｄの画像表示をモニタ画面２３ａに行う制御を行う。このとき、頭皮表面画像２４ａと脳表面画像２４ｂとを重ねて表示するときには、頭皮表面画像２４ａは半透明で画像表示される。なお、形態映像データに基づいて、頭皮表面形態画像データと脳表面形態画像データとを合成することにより、３次元形態画像２４ｄは頭皮表面と脳表面との位置関係を正確に示すことができる。 The morphological image creation unit 33 synthesizes the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data stored in the memory 25 to thereby indicate a three-dimensional morphological image indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface image 24a and the brain surface image 24b. 24d is created and control is performed to display the image of the three-dimensional form image 24d on the monitor screen 23a. At this time, when the scalp surface image 24a and the brain surface image 24b are displayed in an overlapping manner, the scalp surface image 24a is displayed in a translucent manner. Note that the three-dimensional morphological image 24d can accurately indicate the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface by synthesizing the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data based on the morphological video data.
　測定点決定部３４は、モニタ画面２３ａに画像表示された脳表面画像２４ｂの所定の位置がポインタ２４ｃで指定されることにより、脳表面画像２４ｂの所定の位置を測定点ｍと定めるとともに、脳表面画像２４ｂ上に測定点ｍの画像表示をモニタ画面２３ａに行う制御を行う。
　推定点決定部３５は、測定点ｍに基づいて、モニタ画面２３ａに画像表示された頭皮表面画像２４ａの特定の位置を推定点ｓと定めるとともに、頭皮表面画像２４ａ上に推定点ｓの画像表示をモニタ画面２３ａに行う制御を行う。このとき、推定点決定部３５は、例えば、測定点ｍから最短の距離にある頭皮表面画像２４ａの特定の位置を推定点ｓと定める。なお、推定点決定部３５は、球体の半径を拡大し球体によりえぐられる頭皮表面の重心座標を推定点ｓと定めてもよい。 The measurement point determination unit 34 determines the predetermined position of the brain surface image 24b as the measurement point m by designating the predetermined position of the brain surface image 24b displayed on the monitor screen 23a with the pointer 24c, and Control is performed to display an image of the measurement point m on the monitor image 23a on the surface image 24b.
Based on the measurement point m, the estimated point determination unit 35 determines a specific position of the scalp surface image 24a displayed on the monitor screen 23a as an estimated point s and displays an image of the estimated point s on the scalp surface image 24a. Is performed on the monitor screen 23a. At this time, the estimated point determination unit 35 determines, for example, a specific position of the scalp surface image 24a at the shortest distance from the measurement point m as the estimated point s. Note that the estimated point determination unit 35 may enlarge the radius of the sphere and determine the center-of-gravity coordinates of the scalp surface obtained by the sphere as the estimated point s.
　位置誘導部３８は、モニタ画面２３ａに画像表示された頭皮表面画像２４ａの２箇所の所定の位置がポインタ２４ｃで指定されることにより、頭皮表面画像２４ａの２箇所の所定の位置をそれぞれ基準点Ｏ１、Ｏ２と定めるとともに、推定点ｓと基準点Ｏ１との頭皮表面に沿った最短経路を示す経路画像Ｌ１と、推定点ｓと基準点Ｏ２との頭皮表面に沿った最短経路を示す経路画像Ｌ２との画像表示をモニタ画面２３ａに行う制御を行う。
　上述した基準点としては、例えば、鼻根画像、頭頂画像、右耳介前点画像、左耳介前点画像等が挙げられる。また、上述した経路画像Ｌ１、Ｌ２を作成する方法としては、例えば、推定点ｓと基準点とを含む平面の頭部断面を再構成し、推定点ｓと基準点との間の外層ピクセルの距離を算出する方法や、推定点ｓと基準点とを通る直線の中点の頭皮表面での対応点を求め、さらに対応点と推定点ｓ（基準点）とを通る直線の中点の頭皮表面での対応点を求め、これを繰り返して経路とする方法等が挙げられる。 The position guiding unit 38 designates two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a as reference points by designating the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a displayed on the monitor screen 23a by the pointer 24c. A path image L1 indicating the shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O1 and a path image indicating the shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O2 while being defined as O1 and O2. Control is performed to display an image with L2 on the monitor screen 23a.
Examples of the reference points described above include a nasal root image, a parietal image, a right auricular point image, a left auricular point image, and the like. Further, as a method of creating the above-described path images L1 and L2, for example, a plane head section including the estimated point s and the reference point is reconstructed, and the outer layer pixel between the estimated point s and the reference point is reconstructed. The method of calculating the distance, the corresponding point on the scalp surface of the midpoint of the straight line passing through the estimated point s and the reference point, and the scalp of the midpoint of the straight line passing through the corresponding point and the estimated point s (reference point) For example, a method of obtaining a corresponding point on the surface and repeating this to make a route is used.
　脳活動データ取得部３７は、入力装置２２から出力された入力信号に基づいて、脳活動データを取得する駆動信号を送光プローブ１２に出力するとともに、受光プローブ１３から受光量情報Ａ（λ１）、Ａ（λ２）、Ａ（λ３）が入力されることにより、メモリ２５に脳活動データを記憶させる制御を行う。よって、脳活動データにより、例えば、オキシヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積[oxyHb]と、デオキシヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積[deoxyHb]と、総ヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積（[oxyHb]＋[deoxyHb]）とを求める。 Based on the input signal output from the input device 22, the brain activity data acquisition unit 37 outputs a drive signal for acquiring brain activity data to the light transmission probe 12 and also receives light reception amount information A (λ 1) from the light reception probe 13. ), A (λ 2 ), and A (λ 3 ) are input to control the memory 25 to store the brain activity data. Therefore, according to the brain activity data, for example, oxyhemoglobin concentration / optical path length product [oxyHb], deoxyhemoglobin concentration / optical path length product [deoxyHb], total hemoglobin concentration / optical path length product ([oxyHb] + [deoxyHb] ]).
　ここで、本発明の生体計測装置１により、脳の部位の脳活動を測定する検査方法について説明する。図５は、生体計測装置１による検査方法の一例について説明するためのフローチャートである。
　まず、ステップＳ１０１の処理において、ＭＲＩ２から、頭皮表面と脳表面とを含む被験者を示す形態映像データを取得するとともに、形態映像データをメモリ２５に記憶させる（図４参照）。このとき、形態映像データは、別に設けられたＭＲＩから記憶媒体等を用いてメモリ２５に記憶されるようにしてもよい。 Here, an inspection method for measuring the brain activity of a part of the brain using the biological measurement apparatus 1 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the inspection method by the living body measurement apparatus 1.
First, in the process of step S101, morphological image data indicating a subject including a scalp surface and a brain surface is acquired from the MRI 2, and the morphological image data is stored in the memory 25 (see FIG. 4). At this time, the morphological image data may be stored in the memory 25 using a storage medium or the like from a separately provided MRI.
　次に、ステップＳ１０２の処理において、メモリ２５に記憶された形態映像データに基づいて、頭皮表面を示す形態映像データを抽出することにより、頭皮表面形態画像データを取得するとともに、頭皮表面形態画像データをメモリ２５に記憶させる。このとき、例えば、サーフェースレンダリング法により頭皮表面を示す形態映像データを抽出する（図７（ａ）参照）。
　次に、ステップＳ１０３の処理において、メモリ２５に記憶された形態映像データに基づいて、脳表面を示す形態映像データを抽出することにより、脳表面形態画像データを取得するとともに、脳表面形態画像データをメモリ２５に記憶させる。このとき、例えば、ボリュームレンダリング法により脳表面を示す形態映像データを抽出する（図７（ｂ）参照）。 Next, in the process of step S102, the scalp surface morphological image data is obtained by extracting the morphological video data indicating the scalp surface based on the morphological video data stored in the memory 25, and the scalp surface morphological image data. Is stored in the memory 25. At this time, for example, morphological image data indicating the scalp surface is extracted by a surface rendering method (see FIG. 7A).
Next, in the process of step S103, brain surface morphological image data is obtained by extracting morphological video data indicating the brain surface based on the morphological video data stored in the memory 25, and the brain surface morphological image data. Is stored in the memory 25. At this time, for example, morphological image data indicating the brain surface is extracted by a volume rendering method (see FIG. 7B).
　次に、ステップＳ１０４の処理において、メモリ２５に記憶された頭皮表面形態画像データと脳表面形態画像データとを合成させることにより、頭皮表面画像２４ａと脳表面画像２４ｂとの位置関係を示す３次元形態画像２４ｄを作成して、３次元形態画像２４ｄの画像表示をモニタ画面２３ａに行わせる（図７（ｃ）参照）。
　次に、ステップＳ１０５の処理において、モニタ画面２３ａに画像表示された脳表面画像２４ｂの所定の位置をポインタ２４ｃで指定することにより、脳表面画像２４ｂの所定の位置を測定点ｍと定める。このとき、モニタ画面２３ａに測定点ｍの画像表示を行わせる（図２参照）。所定の位置としては、例えば、運動野、体性感覚野、視覚野、聴覚野、運動性言語中枢等が挙げられる。つまり、所定の位置の脳活動を測定できることになる。
　次に、ステップＳ１０６の処理において、測定点ｍに基づいて、モニタ画面２３ａに画像表示された頭皮表面画像２４ａの特定の位置を推定点ｓと定めさせる。このとき、モニタ画面２３ａに推定点ｓの画像表示を行わせる（図２参照）。 Next, in the process of step S104, the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data stored in the memory 25 are synthesized to indicate the three-dimensional relationship between the scalp surface image 24a and the brain surface image 24b. A morphological image 24d is created, and an image of the three-dimensional morphological image 24d is displayed on the monitor screen 23a (see FIG. 7C).
Next, in the process of step S105, the predetermined position of the brain surface image 24b is determined as the measurement point m by designating the predetermined position of the brain surface image 24b displayed on the monitor screen 23a with the pointer 24c. At this time, an image of the measurement point m is displayed on the monitor screen 23a (see FIG. 2). Examples of the predetermined position include a motor area, a somatosensory area, a visual area, an auditory area, and a motor language center. That is, the brain activity at a predetermined position can be measured.
Next, in the process of step S106, based on the measurement point m, the specific position of the scalp surface image 24a displayed on the monitor screen 23a is determined as the estimated point s. At this time, an image of the estimated point s is displayed on the monitor screen 23a (see FIG. 2).
　次に、ステップＳ１０７の処理において、モニタ画面２３ａに画像表示された頭皮表面画像２４ａの２箇所の所定の位置をポインタ２４ｃで指定することにより、頭皮表面画像２４ａの２箇所の所定の位置をそれぞれ基準点Ｏ１、Ｏ２と定めさせる。
　次に、ステップＳ１０８の処理において、推定点ｓと基準点Ｏ１との頭皮表面に沿った最短経路を示す経路画像Ｌ１と、推定点ｓと基準点Ｏ２との頭皮表面に沿った最短経路を示す経路画像Ｌ２との画像表示を行わせる（図３参照）。 Next, in the process of step S107, the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a are designated by specifying the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a displayed on the monitor screen 23a with the pointer 24c, respectively. Reference points O1 and O2 are determined.
Next, in the process of step S108, a path image L1 showing the shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O1, and a shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O2 are shown. An image is displayed with the route image L2 (see FIG. 3).
　次に、ステップＳ１０９の処理において、送光プローブ１２の一端１２ａが配置される位置と受光プローブ１３の一端１３ａが配置される位置とを頭皮表面に沿って最短距離で結んだ線の中点が、推定点ｓに対応する頭皮表面の位置と同一の位置となるように、被験者に１個の送光プローブ１２と１個の受光プローブ１３とを配置する。つまり、図３に示される画像表示されたモニタ画面２３ａを参考にしながら測定プローブ１１を配置する。
　次に、ステップＳ１１０の処理において、送光プローブ１２の一端１２ａから光を出射させるとともに、受光プローブ１３の一端１３ａに、頭皮表面から放出される光を検出させる。このとき、光は、頭皮表面の送光点ｔから、脳表面画像２４ｂの測定点ｍに対応する脳の位置を通って頭皮表面の受光点ｒまで移動することになる（図６参照）。よって、脳表面画像２４ｂの測定点ｍに対応する脳の位置のオキシヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積[oxyHb]と、デオキシヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積[deoxyHb]と、総ヘモグロビンの濃度・光路長積（[oxyHb]＋[deoxyHb]）とを求めることになる。
　そして、ステップＳ１１０の処理が終了したときには、本フローチャートを終了させる。 Next, in the process of step S109, the midpoint of the line connecting the position where the one end 12a of the light transmitting probe 12 is disposed and the position where the one end 13a of the light receiving probe 13 is disposed at the shortest distance along the scalp surface. Then, one light transmitting probe 12 and one light receiving probe 13 are arranged on the subject so as to be the same position as the position of the scalp surface corresponding to the estimated point s. That is, the measurement probe 11 is arranged with reference to the monitor screen 23a displayed as an image shown in FIG.
Next, in the process of step S110, the light is emitted from one end 12a of the light transmitting probe 12, and the light emitted from the scalp surface is detected by the one end 13a of the light receiving probe 13. At this time, the light travels from the light transmission point t on the scalp surface to the light receiving point r on the scalp surface through the position of the brain corresponding to the measurement point m of the brain surface image 24b (see FIG. 6). Therefore, the concentration / optical path length product [oxyHb] of oxyhemoglobin at the position of the brain corresponding to the measurement point m of the brain surface image 24b, the concentration / optical path length product [deoxyHb] of deoxyhemoglobin, and the concentration / optical path length of total hemoglobin. The product ([oxyHb] + [deoxyHb]) is obtained.
And when the process of step S110 is complete | finished, this flowchart is complete | finished.
　以上のように、生体計測装置１によれば、推定点ｓに対応する被験者の頭皮表面の位置を正確に判断することができるため、送光プローブ１２及び受光プローブ１３を正確に配置することができる。 As described above, according to the living body measuring apparatus 1, the position of the scalp surface of the subject corresponding to the estimated point s can be accurately determined, so that the light transmitting probe 12 and the light receiving probe 13 can be accurately arranged. it can.
＜他の実施形態＞
（１）上述したＸ線検査装置１では、１個の送光プローブ１２と１個の受光プローブ１３とを有する測定プローブ１１を備える構成を示したが、測定プローブ１１の代わりに、格子状の多数の送光プローブ及び受光プローブを有する測定プローブを備える構成としてもよい。
　このときには、送光プローブが配置される位置と受光プローブが配置される位置とを頭皮表面に沿って最短距離で結んだ線の中点が、できる限り複数の推定点と同一の位置となるように配置させることになる。
（２）上述したＸ線検査装置１では、ＭＲＩを備える構成を示したが、ＭＲＩの代わりに、ＣＴ等を備える構成としてもよい。 <Other embodiments>
(1) In the X-ray inspection apparatus 1 described above, the configuration including the measurement probe 11 having one light transmitting probe 12 and one light receiving probe 13 is shown. It is good also as a structure provided with the measurement probe which has many light transmission probes and light reception probes.
At this time, the midpoint of the line connecting the position at which the light transmitting probe is disposed and the position at which the light receiving probe is disposed at the shortest distance along the scalp surface is as close as possible to the plurality of estimated points. Will be placed.
(2) In the X-ray inspection apparatus 1 described above, the configuration including the MRI is shown, but a configuration including CT or the like may be used instead of the MRI.
（３）上述したＸ線検査装置１では、推定点ｓと基準点Ｏ１との頭皮表面に沿った最短経路を示す経路画像Ｌ１と、推定点ｓと基準点Ｏ２との頭皮表面に沿った最短経路を示す経路画像Ｌ２との画像表示を行う構成を示したが、さらに推定点ｓと基準点Ｏ１との頭皮表面に沿った最短距離を示す数値と、推定点ｓと基準点Ｏ２との頭皮表面に沿った最短距離を示す数値との画像表示を行う構成としてもよい。
（４）上述したＸ線検査装置１では、位置誘導部３８は、頭皮表面画像２４ａの２箇所の所定の位置がポインタ２４ｃで指定されることにより、頭皮表面画像２４ａの２箇所の所定の位置をそれぞれ基準点Ｏ１、Ｏ２と定める構成を示したが、国際１０－２０法等によって定義された点のうちで推定点ｓの近傍となる２（もしくは３）つの点を自動検出して選択することにより、頭皮表面画像の２（もしくは３）箇所の所定の位置をそれぞれ基準点と定める構成としてもよい。
　例えば、位置誘導部は、３次元形態画像データから正規化パターン認識法による特徴点検出装置により基準点（例えば、国際１０－２０法等によって定義された点）を自動的に抽出し、抽出された複数の基準点とターゲットの点（推定点ｓ）との距離をそれぞれ算出する。このように算出された距離の小さい基準点を２個もしくは３個、自動的に選択する。
　これにより、医師や検査技師等が基準点をポインタで指定する必要をなくすことができる。
（５）上述したＸ線検査装置１では、位置誘導部３８は、頭皮表面画像２４ａの２箇所の所定の位置がポインタ２４ｃで指定されることにより、頭皮表面画像２４ａの２箇所の所定の位置をそれぞれ基準点Ｏ１、Ｏ２と定める構成を示したが、常に鼻根(Nasion＝Nz)、後頭結節(Inion＝Iz)、左右両耳介前点（AL，AR）を基準点と定める構成としてもよい。
　これにより、医師や検査技師等が基準点をポインタで指定する必要をなくすことができる。 (3) In the X-ray inspection apparatus 1 described above, a path image L1 indicating the shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O1, and the shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O2. Although the configuration for displaying an image with the route image L2 indicating the route has been shown, the numerical value indicating the shortest distance along the scalp surface between the estimated point s and the reference point O1, and the scalp between the estimated point s and the reference point O2 It is good also as a structure which displays an image with the numerical value which shows the shortest distance along the surface.
(4) In the X-ray inspection apparatus 1 described above, the position guiding unit 38 specifies the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a by designating the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a with the pointer 24c. Are defined as reference points O1 and O2, respectively, but 2 (or 3) points that are in the vicinity of the estimated point s among points defined by the international 10-20 method or the like are automatically detected and selected. Thus, a configuration may be adopted in which two (or three) predetermined positions of the scalp surface image are determined as reference points.
For example, the position guiding unit automatically extracts and extracts a reference point (for example, a point defined by the International 10-20 method, etc.) from a three-dimensional morphological image data by a feature point detection device using a normalized pattern recognition method. The distances between the plurality of reference points and the target point (estimated point s) are calculated. Two or three reference points having a small distance calculated in this way are automatically selected.
This eliminates the need for doctors, laboratory technicians, and the like to designate reference points with pointers.
(5) In the X-ray inspection apparatus 1 described above, the position guiding unit 38 specifies the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a by designating the two predetermined positions of the scalp surface image 24a with the pointer 24c. Are defined as reference points O1 and O2, respectively. However, the reference points are always the nose root (Nasion = Nz), occipital nodule (Inion = Iz), and left and right anterior pinna (AL, AR). Also good.
This eliminates the need for doctors, laboratory technicians, and the like to designate reference points with pointers.
　本発明は、非侵襲で脳活動を測定する光生体計測装置に利用することができる。 The present invention can be used in an optical biometric apparatus that measures brain activity non-invasively.
　１：　光生体計測装置
　２：　ＭＲＩ
１１：　測定プローブ
１２：　送光プローブ
１３：　受光プローブ
２２：　入力装置
２３：　表示装置
３１：　形態映像データ取得部
３２：　形態画像データ取得部
３３：　形態画像作成部
３４：　測定点決定部
３５：　推定点決定部
３８：　位置誘導部
　ｔ：　送光点
　ｒ：　受光点
　ｍ：　測定点
　ｓ：　推定点 1: Optical biological measurement device 2: MRI
11: Measurement probe 12: Light transmission probe 13: Light reception probe 22: Input device 23: Display device 31: Morphological image data acquisition unit 32: Morphological image data acquisition unit 33: Morphological image creation unit 34: Measurement point determination unit 35: Estimation Point determining unit 38: Position guiding unit t: Light transmitting point r: Light receiving point m: Measurement point s: Estimated point

Claims (7)

  1. 　画像表示が行われる表示装置と、入力操作される入力装置とを備える光生体計測装置であって、
    　頭皮表面と脳表面との位置関係を示す３次元形態画像データに基づいて画像表示された脳表面画像の所定の位置が前記入力装置で指定されることにより、当該脳表面画像の所定の位置を測定点と定める測定点決定部と、
    　前記測定点に基づいて、前記３次元形態画像データに基づいて画像表示された頭皮表面画像の特定の位置を推定点と定めるとともに、当該頭皮表面画像上に推定点の画像表示を行う推定点決定部と、
    　前記推定点と、前記被験者の基準点に対応する頭皮表面画像の基準点との頭皮表面に沿った最短経路を示す経路画像を、前記頭皮表面画像上に表示する位置誘導部とを備えることを特徴とする光生体計測装置。     An optical biometric device comprising a display device for image display and an input device for input operation,
    The predetermined position of the brain surface image displayed on the basis of the three-dimensional morphological image data indicating the positional relationship between the scalp surface and the brain surface is designated by the input device, whereby the predetermined position of the brain surface image is determined. A measurement point determination unit to be determined as a measurement point;
    Based on the measurement points, a specific position of the scalp surface image displayed based on the three-dimensional morphological image data is determined as an estimated point, and an estimated point image is displayed on the scalp surface image. And
    A position guiding unit that displays a path image indicating a shortest path along the scalp surface between the estimated point and a reference point of a scalp surface image corresponding to the reference point of the subject on the scalp surface image; An optical biometric device characterized.
  2. 　頭皮表面と脳表面とを含む被験者を示す形態映像データに基づいて、頭皮表面を示す形態映像データを抽出することにより、頭皮表面形態画像データを取得するとともに、脳表面を示す形態映像データを抽出することにより、脳表面形態画像データを取得する形態画像データ取得部と、
    　前記頭皮表面形態画像データと脳表面形態画像データとを合成することにより、前記３次元形態画像データを作成する形態画像作成部とを備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の光生体計測装置。     Based on the morphological image data indicating the subject including the scalp surface and the brain surface, the morphological image data indicating the scalp surface is obtained by extracting the morphological image data indicating the scalp surface, and the morphological image data indicating the brain surface is extracted. A morphological image data acquisition unit for acquiring brain surface morphological image data;
    The photobiological measurement device according to claim 1, further comprising: a morphological image creation unit that creates the three-dimensional morphological image data by synthesizing the scalp surface morphological image data and the brain surface morphological image data. .
  3. 　前記位置誘導部は、前記推定点と、前記被験者の基準点に対応する頭皮表面画像の基準点との頭皮表面に沿った最短距離を表示することを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の光生体計測装置。 The said position induction part displays the shortest distance along the scalp surface of the said estimated point and the reference point of the scalp surface image corresponding to the said test subject's reference point, The Claim 1 or Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. The optical biological measurement apparatus described.
  4. 　前記被験者の基準点は、前記被験者の鼻根、頭頂、右耳介前点又は左耳介前点であることを特徴とする請求項１～請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の光生体計測装置。 The photobiological body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reference point of the subject is the nose root, the top of the subject, the right anterior point, or the left anterior point. Measuring device.
  5. 　前記推定点決定部は、前記測定点から最短の距離にある前記頭皮表面画像の特定の位置を推定点と定めることを特徴とする請求項１～請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の光生体計測装置。 The light according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the estimation point determination unit determines a specific position of the scalp surface image at the shortest distance from the measurement point as an estimation point. Biological measuring device.
  6. 　前記頭皮表面に配置される少なくとも一つの送光プローブと、前記頭皮表面に配置される少なくとも一つの受光プローブとを有する測定プローブを備え、
    　前記送光プローブは、前記頭皮表面に光を出射するとともに、前記受光プローブは、前記頭皮表面から放出される光を検出することを特徴とする請求項１～請求項５のいずれか１項に記載の光生体計測装置。     A measurement probe having at least one light transmitting probe disposed on the scalp surface and at least one light receiving probe disposed on the scalp surface;
    The light transmitting probe emits light to the scalp surface, and the light receiving probe detects light emitted from the scalp surface. The optical biological measurement apparatus described.
  7. 　前記形態映像データを取得する形態映像データ取得部を備え、
    　前記形態映像データ取得部は、核磁気共鳴画像診断装置により作成された形態映像データを取得することを特徴とする請求項２～請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の光生体計測装置。     A morphological image data acquisition unit for acquiring the morphological image data;
    The optical biometric measurement device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the morphological image data acquisition unit acquires morphological image data created by a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic apparatus.
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