WO2012139422A1 - 新型抗血小板化合物的加成盐 - Google Patents

新型抗血小板化合物的加成盐 Download PDF

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WO2012139422A1
WO2012139422A1 PCT/CN2012/000468 CN2012000468W WO2012139422A1 WO 2012139422 A1 WO2012139422 A1 WO 2012139422A1 CN 2012000468 W CN2012000468 W CN 2012000468W WO 2012139422 A1 WO2012139422 A1 WO 2012139422A1
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acid
compound
formula
salt
ether
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PCT/CN2012/000468
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English (en)
French (fr)
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燕晓静
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Yan Xiaojing
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Priority to CN201280017876.6A priority Critical patent/CN103517909B/zh
Priority to JP2014504145A priority patent/JP5695797B2/ja
Priority to US14/110,898 priority patent/US9556196B2/en
Priority to KR1020137030030A priority patent/KR101552691B1/ko
Priority to EP12771534.0A priority patent/EP2698371B1/en
Publication of WO2012139422A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012139422A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D495/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D495/02Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D495/04Ortho-condensed systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A61P7/02Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/01Sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/02Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C309/03Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • C07C309/04Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing only one sulfo group
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/01Sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/02Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C309/19Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton containing rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/01Sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/28Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
    • C07C309/29Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/01Sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/28Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
    • C07C309/29Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C309/30Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings of six-membered aromatic rings substituted by alkyl groups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel antiplatelet compound 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-acetylsalicyloyloxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrogen) having good oral absorption and platelet aggregation inhibition.
  • This compound has a good platelet aggregation inhibitory action and the like, and has the potential as an antithrombotic agent or an antithrombotic agent.
  • our research shows that the compound of formula I is extremely poor in water solubility and unstable in a weak acid or weakly alkaline environment, and is prone to degradation products. Therefore, the free compound itself is extremely poor in drug-forming properties, and in order to increase its drug-forming properties, It is necessary to find a drug substance that is stable in physical and chemical properties, well absorbed, and convenient for industrial production. Since antiplatelets usually require long-term use, the ideal drug substance should have good oral absorption.
  • the present inventors have conducted long-term and intensive studies on various compounds having antiplatelet pharmacological activity for the purpose of developing a compound having a good platelet aggregation inhibitory effect, and as a result, found an acid addition salt of a compound of the formula I (particularly hydrogen).
  • Halogen acid and sulfonic acid addition salts are more stable than the free base or other acid salt of the compound of formula I, some of which have good oral absorption and platelet aggregation inhibition, and further, since these preferred salt compounds have good
  • the present invention is formed by preserving and treating stability, as a disease caused by thrombus or embolism, and particularly preferably a prophylactic or therapeutic drug for thrombosis or embolism.
  • the present invention provides an acid addition salt of a compound of formula I having good platelet aggregation inhibition, in particular a hydrohalic acid and a sulfonic acid addition salt, a process for the preparation thereof, a medicament containing the same, and a thrombus or embolism Use and/or method of prevention or treatment of a disease.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to a hydrohalide or a cross-acid salt of a compound I.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a hydrohalide or a pound acid salt of a compound I.
  • a third aspect of the invention relates to the use of a hydrohalide or sulfonate of a compound I for the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of a disease caused by thrombosis or embolism.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention relates to a method of preventing or treating a disease caused by thrombosis or embolism by a hydrohalide or citrate of a compound I, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a certain amount of a hydrohalide of a compound I Or sulfonate.
  • the subject to be treated is a mammal, more preferably a human.
  • the free compound of formula I is not sufficiently stable under a wide range of conditions, for example by standing in an aqueous solution of a weak acid or a weak base for a period of time to produce a degradation product, the pure compound of formula I is a colorless substance, but is left standing in the air. After the color gradually deepens, it gradually turns yellow and then turns brick red. Further, the inventors' research has shown that the free compound is extremely poor in water solubility, hardly soluble, and can be dissolved only in an organic solvent. It is well known that to develop a compound into a drug, the compound itself needs to be safe and effective, and at the same time, the quality must be controlled. Therefore, it is clear that the compound of the formula I itself has poor drug-forming properties.
  • acidic or basic compounds can form salts with the corresponding base or acid, and the stability of the product after salt formation will increase.
  • the compound of the formula I is a basic compound which can theoretically form a salt with an organic acid or an inorganic acid to improve its stability.
  • the inventors have found that the salt formation of the compounds of formula I is very complex and that the salt formation is not only related to the type of acid but also to the purity of the compound of formula I, in addition to the conditions for salt formation. There is also a big relationship.
  • hydrohalic acid examples include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, and hydroiodic acid, preferably hydrochloric acid;
  • examples of the sulfonic acid include alkyl fulvic acid and aryl sulfonic acid, and examples of the alkyl sulfonic acid include sulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, and C.
  • Sulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid preferably methanesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid
  • examples of the arylsulfonic acid include benzoic acid, naphthoic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid, preferably benzenesulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid.
  • the acid addition salt of the compound of the formula I has an asymmetric center in the molecule, and stereoisomers of the R configuration and the S configuration exist, and the compounds which are each independently or mixed in any ratio are included in the present invention.
  • the acid addition salt of the compound of the formula I is placed in the air or by recrystallization, which will absorb water to produce adsorbed water to form a hydrate, and an acid addition salt containing such water is also included in the present invention.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of a compound addition salt of the formula I, which process comprises adding a solution of a compound of the formula I or a compound of the formula I in a solvent to a hydrogen acid, preferably hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride (gas), or a sulphonic acid, preferably sulphur Acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluic acid and camphorsulfonic acid, or an acid, preferably hydrochloric acid, sulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and camphorsulfonic acid or an acid solution thereof formed in a solvent, It is added dropwise or added to the compound of the formula I or a solution thereof in one or several times to cause a salt formation reaction to obtain the corresponding salt.
  • seed crystals may be added as needed.
  • the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and has a certain solubility to the raw material, and may be, for example, an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as hexane, cyclohexamidine, heptane, volatile oil or petroleum ether; Aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene or diphenylbenzene; dichlorodecane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-two Ethyl chloride, chlorobenzene or dichlorobenzene!
  • an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as hexane, cyclohexamidine, heptane, volatile oil or petroleum ether
  • Aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene or diphenylbenzene
  • dichlorodecane chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-two Ethyl chloride, chlorobenzene or dichlorobenzene!
  • ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethoxyethoxy or diethylene glycol dioxime; ethyl acetate, decyl acetate, propyl acetate or butyl acetate Ester and other esters.
  • ethers, esters, aromatic hydrocarbons are preferred, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, toluene and ethyl acetate are more preferred, and diethyl ether and toluene are particularly preferred, and diethyl ether is most preferred.
  • a sulfonate an ether, a halogenated hydrocarbon or an aromatic hydrocarbon is preferable, and tetrahydrofuran, dichlorosilane, chloroform and anthracene are more preferable, and toluene is most preferable.
  • the alcohol reagents include methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol and butanol, preferably isopropanol; ketone reagents including acetone Butanone, pentanone and cyclohexanone, preferably acetone.
  • reaction temperature varies depending on the reagent or solvent, it is usually -20 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably 0 ° C to 50 ° C.
  • reaction time varies depending on the reagent, the solvent or the reaction temperature, etc., it is usually 5 minutes to 10 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 5 hours.
  • the acid addition salt of the compound of the formula I of the present invention can be isolated from the reaction mixture by a conventional method.
  • the reaction may or may not be placed, and the precipitated solid may be filtered, or after the reaction is completed, the target compound may be obtained by removing the solvent.
  • the target compound obtained, if necessary, can be further purified by a conventional method such as recrystallization, reprecipitation or chromatography.
  • the acid addition salt of the compound of the formula I of the present invention has good oral absorption and platelet aggregation inhibitory action, and can be used as a medicament for preventing or treating diseases caused by thrombosis or embolism because of its good preservation and treatment stability. Further, the above drugs are preferably used for mammals, and more preferably for humans. Industrial availability
  • the acid addition salt of the compound of the formula I of the present invention when used as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for the above-mentioned diseases, may be mixed with itself or with a suitable pharmacologically acceptable excipient, diluent or the like to form a tablet.
  • Agents, capsules, granules, powders or syrups are administered orally or by injection or suppository in a non-oral manner.
  • excipients such as: sugar derivatives such as lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, sorbitol, starch derivatives, cellulose such as crystalline cellulose Derivatives, gum arabic, dextrose liver, organic excipients such as pullulan; inorganic compounds such as silicate derivatives, calcium hydrogen phosphate and the like, carbonates such as calcium carbonate, and sulfates such as calcium sulfate.
  • Lubricants such as stearic acid, stearic acid, metal stearate such as magnesium stearate, waxes such as talc, beeswax, and cetyl, sulfates such as sodium sulfate, ethylene glycol, and dodecyl sulfate.
  • binders such as hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, and the same compounds as the above excipients; disintegration Agents, such as low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium carboxymethyl cellulose, internal cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, and other cellulose derivatives; stabilizers, such as hydroxybenzoic acid ester, pair Hydroxybenzoic acid esters such as propyl hydroxybenzoate, alcohols such as chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, and ethanol, benzoquinone, phenols such as phenol and nonylphenol; and flavoring agents, such as those commonly used. Sweeteners, sours, spices, thinners, etc.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be prepared as preparations for various routes of administration, including buccal, transdermal, injection, spray or rectal administration, and can be formulated into tablets, capsules, syrups, powders, granules, emulsions, solutions, suspensions.
  • Systemic, topical, and topical administration eg, to the skin or to the lungs and/or airways;).
  • the amount of the drug varies depending on the symptoms, age, etc., it can be administered 1-3 times per symptom depending on the adult, and when administered orally (based on the compound of formula I), the amount of administration is 0.01 mg-1 g/Kg, preferably 0.05 mg to 100 mg/Kg, more preferably 0.1 mg to 10 mg/Kg.
  • solubility In general, having good solubility is necessary for the drug to have good bioavailability. Generally, it is desirable for the drug to have a solubility of at least 1 mg/ml in the range of 11 to 7.5.
  • the above suitable sulfonate is separately mixed with a powdered excipient to form a tablet or a capsule.
  • the composition of the tablet comprises a 1: 1 ratio of microcrystalline cellulose and anhydrous calcium dihydrogen phosphate; the composition of the capsule comprises a 4:1 ratio of mannitol and corn starch.
  • the tablet and the capsule are subjected to an accelerated test under the conditions of a temperature of 50 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C (constant temperature and humidity incubator) and a relative humidity of 75% ⁇ 5% (saturated sodium chloride solution).
  • samples were taken, and the drug was crushed and extracted with methanol: chloroform (1:1).
  • the stability of the product was checked by TLC, and the salt without new impurities was considered stable.
  • Example 7 comparison test of efficacy In order to compare whether the above-mentioned suitable salt and salt-hydrochloride salt with unsuitable solubility and the free base of the compound of formula I have pharmacological activity differences, we carried out the following anti-rat arterial thrombosis test, with clopidogrel as Positive control drug.
  • Animals Wistar rats, weighing 220-260 g, male, 6-8 animals per group;
  • control group positive drug (clopidogrel, 10 mg/kg) group, free compound of formula I, hydrochloride salt of compound of formula I and L-camphorsulfonate of compound of formula I (two dose groups, respectively) 3 and 9 mg/kg, respectively, in terms of free body;
  • Animals Wistar rats, weighing 220-260 g, male, 6-8 animals per group.
  • Drug dose (mg/kg) Thrombosis time (seconds) Thrombosis weight (mg)

Abstract

本发明涉及式I化合物的氢卤酸盐和磺酸盐以及式I化合物的盐在制备预防或治疗血栓或栓塞引起疾病的药物中的用途。本发明提供了具有良好血小板凝集抑制作用的式I化合物的酸加成盐,特别是氢卤酸和磺酸类加成盐及其制备方法,含有它们的药物,以及用于血栓或栓塞引起的疾病的预防或治疗的用途和/或方法。

Description

新型抗血小板化合物的加成盐 技术领域
本发明涉及具有良好口服吸收性、 血小板凝集抑制作用的新型抗血小板化 合物 2-(2-氯苯基 )-2-(2-乙酰水杨酰氧基 -4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并 [3,2-C]吡啶) -5-乙酸 曱酯(结构式如 I )的盐及其制备, 及其在用于治疗或预防血栓或栓塞引起疾 病的药物制备中的用途。 背景技术
中国专利申请 200810211286.2中公开了具有血小板凝集抑制作用的 (2-氯 苯基) -2-(2-乙酰水杨酰氧基 -4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并 [3,2-C]吡啶) -5-乙酸曱酯 (结构 式如 I )及其制备。
Figure imgf000002_0001
该化合物具有良好的血小板凝集抑制作用等, 具有作为抗血栓剂或抗栓塞 剂的潜力。 然而, 我们的研究表明, 式 I化合物水溶性极差, 而且在弱酸、 弱 碱性环境中也不稳定, 易产生降解产物, 因而, 该游离化合物自身成药性极 差, 为了增加其成药性, 有必要找到理化性质稳定、 吸收良好的并且便于工业 生产的原料药, 由于抗血小板通常需要长期用药, 因而, 其理想的原料药应当 具备良好的口服吸收性。 发明概述 本发明人以开发具有良好的血小板凝集抑制作用的化合物为目的, 对多种 具有抗血小板药理活性的化合物进行了长年、 深入的研究, 结果发现式 I化合 物的酸加成盐 (特别是氢卤酸和磺酸类加成盐) 比其式 I化合物游离碱或其它 酸盐稳定, 其中部分盐具有良好的口服吸收性和血小板凝集抑制作用, 此外, 由于这些优选的盐类化合物具有良好的保存和处理稳定性, 可作为血栓或栓塞 引起的疾病, 特别优选血栓形成或栓塞的预防或治疗药物, 从而形成了本发 明。
本发明提供了具有良好血小板凝集抑制作用的式 I化合物的酸加成盐, 特 别是氢卤酸和磺酸类加成盐及其制备方法, 含有它们的药物, 以及用于血栓或 栓塞引起的疾病的预防或治疗的用途和 /或方法。
因而,
本发明的第一方面涉及 I化合物的氢卤酸盐或横酸盐。
本发明的第二方面涉及 I化合物的氢卤酸盐或磅酸盐的制备方法。
本发明的第三方面涉及 I化合物的氢卤酸盐或磺酸盐在制备预防或治疗血 栓或栓塞引起的疾病的药物中的用途。
本发明的第四方面涉及 I化合物的氢卤酸盐或礒酸盐预防或治疗血栓或栓 塞引起的疾病的方法, 所述的方法包括对需要的对象给予一定量的 I化合物的 氢卤酸盐或磺酸盐。 优选地, 所述的治疗对象为哺乳动物, 更优选地为人。 发明详述
本发明人发现, 游离的式 I化合物在很多条件下不够稳定, 例如在弱酸、 弱碱的水溶液中放置一段时间将产生降解产物, 纯净的式 I化合物为无色物 质, 然而在空气中久置后颜色逐渐加深, 先逐渐变黄, 然后变为砖红色。 此 外, 本发明人的研究表明该游离化合物水溶性极差, 几乎不溶, 只能在有机溶 剂中溶解。 众所周知, 要将一个化合物开发成为药物, 化合物本身需安全有效 的同时, 还必须质量可控, 因而, 很显然式 I化合物本身具有很差的成药性。 为了使其有可能成为药物, 有必要找到理化性质稳定、 而且具有良好的吸收、 药理活性的原料药, 由于抗血小板药物通常需要长期用药, 因而, 发现的理想 原料药应当具备良好的口服吸收性。
根据化学常识, 酸性或碱性化合物能够与相应的碱或酸成盐, 成盐后的产 物稳定性将会提高。 式 I化合物为碱性化合物, 理论上可以与有机酸或无机酸 成盐, 提高其稳定性。
然而, 令人惊奇的是, 本发明人研究发现, 式 I化合物的成盐情况非常复 杂, 其成盐不仅与酸的种类有关, 而且与式 I化合物的纯度有关, 此外, 与成 盐的条件也有很大的关系。
研究发现, 式 I化合物与绝大多数酸只能成油状物, 无法形成固体, 但是 氢卤酸和磺酸能够与式 I化合物能够成固体盐。
氢卤酸的实例包括盐酸、 氢溴酸和氢碘酸, 优选盐酸; 磺酸的实例包括烷 基碩酸和芳基磺酸, 烷基磺酸的实例包括曱磺酸、 乙磺酸、 丙磺酸、 樟脑磺 酸, 优选甲磺酸、 樟脑磺酸; 芳基磺酸的实例包括苯横酸、 萘磅酸和对曱苯磺 酸, 优选苯磺酸和对曱苯磺酸。
式 I化合物的酸加成盐的分子内具有不对称中心, 存在 R构型和 S构型的 立体异构体, 它们各自独立或以任意比例混合的化合物都包含在本发明中, 优 本发明的式 I化合物的酸加成盐放置在空气中或通过再结晶, 将会吸收水 分产生吸附水形成水合物, 含有这样水分的酸加成盐也包含在本发明中。
本发明还涉及式 I化合物加成盐的制备方法, 方法包括将式 I化合物或式 I化合物在溶剂中的溶液, 加入到氢 酸, 优选盐酸、 氯化氢(气体) , 或磺 酸, 优选曱磺酸、 苯磺酸、 对曱苯横酸和樟脑磺酸中, 或者将酸, 优选盐酸、 曱磺酸、 苯磺酸、 对甲苯磺酸和樟脑磺酸或其在溶剂中形成的酸液, 分成一次 或数次滴加或添加到式 I化合物或其溶液中, 使其发生成盐反应, 得到相应的 盐。 在本方法中, 可以根据需要添加晶种。
对于所使用的溶剂, 只要不阻碍反应, 对原料有一定的溶解度之外, 没有 什么特别的限定, 可以是, 例如己烷、 环己垸、 庚烷、 挥发油或石油醚等脂肪 族烃类; 甲苯或二曱苯等芳香族烃类; 二氯曱烷、 氯仿、 四氯化碳、 1,2—二 氯乙烷、 氯苯或二氯苯等! ¾代烃类; 二乙醚、 二异丙醚、 四氢呋喃、 二恶烷、 二曱氧基乙垸或二甘醇二曱醚等醚类; 乙酸乙酯、 乙酸曱酯、 乙酸丙酯或乙酸 丁酯等酯类。 在氢卤酸盐的情况下, 优选醚类、 酯类、 芳香烃类, 更优选乙 醚、 四氢呋喃、 曱苯和乙酸乙酯, 特别优选乙醚和曱苯, 最优选乙醚。 另一方 面, 在磺酸盐的情况下, 优选醚类、 卤代烃类、 芳香烃类, 更优选四氢呋喃、 二氯曱烷、 三氯甲烷和曱苯, 最优选甲苯。 或者是使用上述试剂的联合, 或者 使用上述试剂与醇类、 酮类试剂的联合, 醇类试剂包括甲醇、 乙醇、 丙醇、 异 丙醇及丁醇, 优选异丙醇; 酮类试剂包括丙酮、 丁酮、 戊酮和环己酮, 优选丙 酮。
反应温度虽然随试剂或溶剂等的变化而变化, 但通常是 -20°C到 100°C , 优选 0°C-50°C。
反应时间虽然随试剂、 溶剂或反应温度等的变化而变化, 但通常是 5分钟 到 10小时, 优选 10分钟到 5小时。
'反应结束后, 本发明的式 I化合物的酸加成盐可以通过常规方法从反应混 合物中分离出来。 例如: 反应结束后, 放置或无需放置, 再过滤析出的固体, 或反应结束后通过熘去溶剂得到目标化合物。 得到的目标化合物, 如果有必 要, 可以通过常规方法, 例如重结晶、 再沉淀或层析等进一步提純。
本发明的式 I化合物的酸加成盐具有良好的口服吸收性和血小板凝集抑制 作用, 而且因其良好的保存和处理稳定性, 可以作为药物预防或治疗血栓或栓 塞引起的疾病。 此外, 上述药物优选用于哺乳动物, 更优选用于人。 产业上的可利用性
本发明的式 I化合物的酸加成盐, 在作为上述疾病的治疗药物或预防药物 使用时, 可以将其本身或与适宜的药理学上可接受的赋形剂、 稀释剂等混合, 以片剂、 胶嚢剂、 颗粒剂、 散剂或糖浆剂等经口给药或者以注射剂或栓剂非口 服方式给药。
这些制剂可以通过已知方法用下述辅料进行制造: 赋形剂, 如: 乳糖、 蔗 糖、 葡萄糖、 甘露醇、 山梨醇等糖衍生物, 淀粉衍生物, 结晶纤维素等纤维素 衍生物, 阿拉伯树胶, 右旋糖肝, 普鲁兰等有机赋形剂; 硅酸盐衍生物、 磷酸 氢钙等璘酸盐、 碳酸钙等碳酸盐、 硫酸钙等硫酸盐等无机赋形剂; 润滑剂如硬 脂酸、 硬脂酸 、 '硬脂酸镁等硬脂酸金属盐、 滑石、 蜂蜡、 鯨蜡等蜡类, 硫酸 钠等硫酸盐, 乙二醇, 十二烷基硫酸钠、 十二烷基硫酸镁等; 粘合剂, 如羟丙 基纤维素、 羟丙曱基纤维素、 聚乙烯吡咯垸酮、 聚乙二醇以及与上述赋形剂同 样的化合物; 崩解剂, 如低取代羟丙基纤维素、 羧甲基纤维素、 羧甲基纤维素 钙、 内部交联羧曱基纤维素钠等纤维素衍生物; 稳定剂, 如羟苯甲酸曱酯、 对 羟基苯甲酸丙酯等对羟基苯曱酸酯类, 三氯叔丁醇、 苯甲醇、 笨乙醇等醇类, 苯扎氯按、 苯酚、 曱酚等酚类; 矫味剂, 如通常使用的甜味料、 酸味料、 香 料、 稀释剂等。
本发明的化合物可以制备为各种给药途径的制剂, 包括口腔、 透皮、 注 射、 喷雾或直肠给药, 可以制成片剂、 胶嚢、 糖浆、 散剂、 颗粒、 乳剂、 溶 液、 混悬剂、 气雾剂以及千粉制剂的形式进行全身或局部给药 (如对皮肤或对 肺和 /或气道;)。
药物的使用量虽然随症状、 年龄等不同而不同, 但相对于成年人, 可以每 曰根据症状给药 1-3次, 在口服给药时(以式 I化合物计) , 一次给药量是 0.01 mg-1 g/Kg, 优选 0.05mg-100mg/Kg, 更优选 0.1mg-10mg/Kg。 实施例
以下通过式 I化合物的 S光学体的实施例更详细地说明本发明, 而并非对 本发明的范围进行限定。 本发明中的 a -溴代邻氯苯乙酸甲酯 (CAS: 85259- 19-4 ) 、 5,6,7,7a-四氢噻吩并 [3,2-c]吡啶 -2(4H)-酮或其盐酸盐及阿司匹林等试剂 均经商业化途径获得。 实施例 1
式 I化合物 S光学体的制备方法 1
将 337mg的 S(+)-2-(2-氯苯基 )-2-(4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并 [3,2-c]吡啶 -2(4H)-酮- 5-乙酸甲酯及 70mg的氢化钠( 52%, 分散于矿物油中 )加入至 25ml的反应瓶 中, 然后加入 2ml无水 DMF中, 搅拌 30分钟后, 加入 300mg水杨酰氯, 继 续搅拌反应 2小时, 以乙酸乙酯处理后得含量约 95%的粗品, 然后以手性制备 层析分离得到 103mg的目标产物, 产率 20.6%。
Ή-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): δ 8.09 (dd, 1H), 7.76-7.80(m, 7H), 7.46-7.53(m, 2H), 7.32-7.53(m, 3U), 7.3 l (d, 1H), 6.66(s, 1H), 5.47(s, 1 H), 4.01-4.05(q, 2H), 3.72(s, 3H), 3.32-3.40 (broad, 2H), 2.96(broad, 2H), 2.27(s, 3H)。
ESI-MS : m/z 500.2 (MH+)。 实施例 2
式 I化合物 S光学体的制备方法 2
同实施例 1的方法, 仅以 (RS ) -2-(2-氯苯基 )-2-(4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并 [3,2-c] 吡啶 -2(4H)-酮 -5-乙酸甲酯代替 S(+)-2-(2-氯苯基 )-2-(4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并 [3,2-c]吡 啶 -2(4H)-酮 -5-乙酸甲酯作为起始原料, 其他完全相同, 产率 21.0%。 实施例 3 表 1 常见酸与式 I化合物的成盐情况
序号 酸的名称 成盐的情况 盐的性状 备注
1 曱酸 油状物 ―
2 乙酸 油状物 -
3 1¾酸 油状物 -
4 丁酸 .油 *1物 -
5 苯曱酸 油)犬物 -
6 对羟笨曱酸 油状物 -
7 L-扁桃酸 油状物 - 8 L-酒石酸 油状物 -
9 L-樟脑磺酸 固体 白色固体
10 D-樟脑磺酸 粘稠固体 - 当碱不纯时, 为油状物
11 曱磺酸 固体 白色固体
12 苯磺酸 固体 白色固体
13 对曱苯磺酸 固体 白色固体
14 马来酸 油状物 -
15 富马酸 油状物 -
16 草酸 油状物 -
17 天冬氨酸 油状物 -
18 盐酸 固体 白色固体
19 氢溴酸 固体 淡黄色固体
20 氢碘酸 固体 黄色固体
21 硫酸 粘性固体 - 成盐过程中有变粘倾向
22 磷酸 油状物 - 从上表可以看出, 能够与式 I化合物较好成盐的酸的种类非常有限, 仅局 限于氢卤酸盐和磺酸盐。 实施例 4
式 I化合物 S型光学体的酸加成盐的制备
2.1盐酸盐的制备
将 500mg的式 I化合物加入至 25ml的反应瓶中, 然后加入 5ml无水乙 醚, 搅拌 5分钟后, 滴加入事先配制好的乙醚氯化氢溶液, 边加边搅拌, 滴加 过程中可观察到白色沉淀产生, 滴加直至无白色沉淀生成, 此时 pH值约 5左 右, 继续搅拌 1小时, 停止反应, 过滤、 干燥得 460mg的白色固体, 产率 85.8%, TLC: 展开系统(石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =1 : 1, 1滴三乙胺) , Rf 0.4。 Ή-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): 5 8.11 (d, 1H), 7.32-7.8 l(m, 7H), 5.40(宽 峰, 1H), 3·96(宽峰, 2H), 3.71(s, 3H), 3.28 (宽峰, 2H), 2·94 (宽峰, 2H), 2.29(s,
ESI-MS: m/z 500.2 (MH+)。 2.2氢溴酸盐的制备
将 500mg的式 I化合物加入至 25ml的反应瓶中, 然后加入 5ml无水乙 醚, 搅拌 5分钟后, 滴加入事先配制好的乙醚溴化氢溶液(将适量的乙醚与氢 溴酸溶液共振摇制得) , 边加边搅拌, 滴加过程中可观察到白色沉淀产生, 滴 加直至无白色沉淀生成, 此时 pH值约 4左右, 继续搅拌 1小时, 停止反应, 过滤、 干燥得 470mg的淡黄色固体, 产率 81.0%, TLG: 展开系统(石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =1 : 1, 1滴三乙胺) , Rf0.4。
2.3 L-樟脑磺酸盐的制备
将 800mg的式 I化合物加入至 25ml的反应瓶中, 然后加入 5ml曱苯, 搅拌 5 分钟后', 滴加入事先配制好的 L-樟脑磺酸的异丙醇溶液(将 370mg L-樟脑磺酸 以 0.3ml异丙醇溶解) , 边加边搅拌, 滴加完毕后继续搅拌 0.5小时后停止反 应, 置于 4°C冰箱中过夜, 析出白色固体, 过滤、 干燥得 970mg的淡黄色固体, 产率 82.9%, TLC: 展开系统(石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =1 : 1, 1滴三乙胺) , Rf 0.4。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): S 8.12 (m, 1H), 7.67 (m, 2H), 7.51- 7.54(m, 3H), 7.36 (d, 1H), 6.71 (s, 1H), 5.49(宽峰, 1H), 4.06(宽峰, 2H),
3.75(s, 3H), 3.33 (宽峰, 2H), 2.98 (宽峰, 2H), 2.89 (d, 1H), 2.52 (m, 1H), 2.39(s, 7H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 2.25 (m, 1H), 1.78-1.94(m, 3H), 1.27-1.29(m, 2H), 1.03(m, 3H), 0.74(m, 3H)。
ESI-MS: m/z 500.2 (MH+)。
2.4甲 酸盐的制备 将 800mg的式 I化合物加入至 25ml的反应瓶中, 然后加入 5ml曱苯, 搅 拌 5分钟后, 滴加入事先配制好的甲磺酸的曱苯溶液(将 160mg曱磺酸溶于 0.3ml曱苯中) , 边加边搅拌, 滴加完毕后继续搅拌 0.5小时停止反应, 置于 4 °C冰箱中过夜, 析出白色固体, 过滤、 干燥得 750mg的淡黄色固体, 产率 78.1%, TLC: 展开系统 (石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =1 : 1 , 1滴三乙胺) 。
2.5 ^ ^酸盐的制备
将 800mg的式 I化合物加入至 25ml的反应瓶中, 然后加入 5ml甲苯, 搅 拌 5分钟后, 滴加入事先配制好的笨横酸的异丙醇溶液(将 260mg苯磺酸以 0.3ml异丙醇溶解) , 边加边搅拌, 滴加完毕继续搅拌 0.5小时停止反应, 置于 4°C水箱中过夜, 析出白色固体, 过滤、 干燥得 890mg的淡黄色固体, 产率 84.0%, TLC: 展开系统 (石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =1 : 1 , 1滴三乙胺) , Rf 0.4。
2.6对曱苯磺酸盐的制备
将 800mg的式 I化合物加入至 25ml的反应瓶中, 然后加入 5ml曱苯, 搅 拌 5分钟后, 滴加入事先配制好的对曱苯磺酸的异丙醇溶液(将 280mg苯磺酸 以 0.3ml异丙醇溶解) , 边加边搅拌, 滴加完毕后继续搅拌 0.5小时停止反 应, 置于 4Ό冰箱中过夜, 析出白色固体, 过滤、 干燥得 990mg的淡黄色固 体, 产率 91.7%, TLC: 展开系统 (石油醚: 乙酸乙酯 =1 : 1 , 1滴三乙胺) , Rf 0.4。 实施例 5
几种固体酸加成盐的溶解度测试
一般地, 具有良好的溶解度是药物具有良好生物利用度所必需的。 通常 地, 期望药物在 11值 1-7.5范围内的溶解度至少要达到 lmg/ml。
表 2 6种固体酸加成盐的溶解度测试
序号 盐的名称 溶解度( mg/ml ) 备注
1 L-樟脑 酸盐 4.7 2 曱磺酸盐 8.2
3 苯磺酸盐 2.5
4 对曱苯磺酸盐 1.2
5 盐酸盐 0.02 在溶解时有变粘贴壁的倾向
6 氢溴酸盐 0.5
从上表可以看出, 式 I化合物的磺酸盐均具有较理想的溶解度, 4种磺酸 盐都具备成盐所需的溶解度要求, 氢卤酸盐溶解度要差一些。 实施例 6稳定性试验
物质在固态下具有良好的稳定性是在固体制剂中所必需的。 为了筛选所成 的盐的化学稳定性, 将上述合适的磺酸盐分别与粉状的辅料混合制成片或胶 嚢。 片剂的成分包括 1 : 1比例的微晶纤维素和无水磷酸二氢钙; 胶嚢的成分 包括 4: 1比例的甘露醇和玉米淀粉。 然后, 将片剂和胶嚢置于温度 50°C ± 2°C (恒温恒湿培养箱) 、 相对湿度 75% ± 5% (饱和的氯化钠溶液) 的条件下进 行加速试验, 于第 3个月月末取样, 将药品碾碎后以甲醇: 氯仿(1 : 1 )提 取, 以 TLC检查产品的稳定性情况, 不出现新杂质的盐可认为稳定。
表 3 4种磺酸盐的加速稳定性测试
Figure imgf000011_0001
从上表可以看出, 式 I化合物的 4种磺酸盐均较稳定, 其中最稳定的是樟 脑磺酸盐。 实施例 7药效对比试验 为了比较上述筛选出的合适盐与溶解度不合适的盐 -盐酸盐及式 I化合物 游离碱自身是否有药理活性差异, 我们开展了下述的抗大鼠动脉血栓试验研 究, 以氯吡格雷为阳性对照药物。
(一 )血栓形成时间考察试验 \
动物: wistar大鼠, 体重 220-260g, 雄性, 每组动物 6-8只;
分组: 对照组、 阳性药(氯吡格雷, 10mg/kg)组、 式 I化合物游离体、 式 I 化合物的盐酸盐及式 I化合物的 L-樟脑磺酸盐 (分别设两个剂量组, 以游离体 计分别为 3和 9mg/kg);
方法: 电流损伤颈动脉内膜形成血栓法和血小板聚集试验;
给药方法: 口服灌胃;
观察内容: 连续给药 3天, 最后 1次给药 2h后电流损伤颈动脉内膜形成 血栓法, 观察血栓形成时间, 并取股动脉血, 分离制备富血小板, 以诱导剂 ADP, 观察各组对血小板聚集作用的影响, 同时测定出血时间。
(二)血栓重量考察试验
动物: wistar大鼠, 体重 220-260g, 雄性, 每组动物 6-8只。
分组: 同上
方法: 动静脉旁路聚乙烯管内血栓形成法
观察内容: 连续给药 3天, 最后 1次给药 2h后, 动静脉吻合血栓
15min, 观察血栓干重和湿重。
表 4各种形式式 I化合物的抗凝血效果试验结果
药物 剂量 ( mg/kg ) 血栓形成时间 (秒) 血栓重量 ( mg ) 对照组 88.6 ± 22.2 5.4 ± 0.5 氯吡咯雷组 10 249.9 ± 58.0# 3.2 ± 0.5# 游离碱组 3 165 ± 22.4# 4.0 ± 0.6#
9 261 ± 54.3#,& 3.0 ± 0.5#,cfe 盐酸盐组 3 210.4 ± 51 .1# 3.2 ± 0.7#, 9 319.6 ±35.2#,¾ , 2.8±0.5#
L-樟脑磺酸盐组 3 250.4 ±35.2# * 3.0±0.7#,
9 360.2±55.9#, /,ά * 2.5±0.4#, ,ά,7
#: PO.01, 与对照组比较; Η: Ρ<0.05, 与氯吡格雷比较;
ά.Ρ<0.01 , 每組中 9毫克剂量组 3毫克剂量組比较;
F.P<0.01 , 盐与相同剂量组的油状物比较;
*: P<0.01, 樟脑磧酸盐与相同剂量组的盐酸盐比较 结果表明, 式 I化合物成盐以后抗凝血效果将比游离体有显著提升, 其中 理化性质稳定的磺酸盐比盐酸盐活性更好, 原因可能为式 I化合物的极性过 小, 导致水溶性差, 使口服吸收利用度过低, 而在能够稳定成盐的化合物中, 磺酸盐比盐酸盐溶解度及稳定性更佳, 成药性更好。

Claims

权利要求
1 . 式 I化合物的
Figure imgf000014_0001
2. 权利要求 1 中所述的式 I化合物为消旋化合物。
3. 权利要求 1 中所述的式 I化合物为 S-异构体。
4. 权利要求 1所述的氢卤酸盐, 其为盐酸盐、 氢溴酸盐和氢碘酸盐。
5. 权利要求 1所述的磺酸盐, 其为曱磺酸、 乙磺酸、 丙磺酸、 L-樟脑磺 酸、 D-樟脑磺酸、 苯磺酸、 萘磺酸和对甲苯磺酸盐。
6. 权利要求 1所述的盐的制备方法, 包括将式 I化合物或其溶液, 加入 到相应的酸或酸液中反应制备, 或者将相应的酸或酸液加入到式 I化合物或其 溶液中。
7. 权利要求 6所述的方法, 反症溶剂为己烷、 环己垸、 庚烷、 挥发油或 石油醚; 曱苯或二曱苯; 二氯甲烷、 氯仿、 四氯化碳、 1 , 2—二氯乙烷、 氯苯 或二氯苯; 二乙醚、 二异丙醚、 四氢呋喃、 二恶烷、 二曱氧基乙烷或二甘醇二 曱醚; 乙酸乙酯、 乙酸甲酯、 乙酸丙酯或乙酸丁酯, 或者上述试剂与曱醇、 乙 醇、 丙醇、 异丙醇、 丁醇、 丙酮、 丁酮、 戊酮和环己酮中一种或两种的组合。
8. 权利要求 6所述的溶剂, 其为乙醚、 曱苯、 丙酮、 异丙醇或其组合。
9. 权利要求 1 -5所述的式 I化合物的盐在制备预防或治疗血栓或栓塞引起 疾病的药物中的用途。
PCT/CN2012/000468 2011-04-14 2012-04-09 新型抗血小板化合物的加成盐 WO2012139422A1 (zh)

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