WO2012133279A1

WO2012133279A1 - Optical system

Info

Publication number: WO2012133279A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/057710
Authority: WO
Inventors: 倫大河合; 健太郎今村
Original assignee: シャープ株式会社
Priority date: 2011-03-30
Filing date: 2012-03-26
Publication date: 2012-10-04

Abstract

An optical system (100) according to the present invention comprises a display panel (30), a reflection-type imaging element (10), and at least one light sensor (40) arranged on the display panel (30) side of the reflection-type imaging element (10). The at least one light sensor (40) is arranged so as to have a predetermined relationship, and an image displayed on the display surface of the display panel (30) is formed at a plane-symmetric position where the reflection-type imaging element (10) constitutes the plane of symmetry.

Description

Optical system

The present invention relates to an optical system capable of forming an image of a projection object in a space.

Recently, an optical system that forms an image of a projection object in a space using a reflective imaging element has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). The optical system has a reflective imaging element and a projection, and an image displayed in space (hereinafter referred to as “aerial image”) is in a plane-symmetric position with the reflective imaging element as a symmetry plane. The image of the projection object is formed. This optical system uses specular reflection of a reflective imaging element, and in principle, the ratio of the size of the image of the projection object and the image projected in space is 1: 1.

The reflective imaging element includes an optical element that includes a hole penetrating in the thickness direction of a flat substrate and includes two mirror elements perpendicular to the inner wall of each hole (for example, see Patent Document 1). 4), or a plurality of transparent cylindrical bodies projecting in the thickness direction of the substrate and having an optical element composed of two mirror surface elements orthogonal to the inner wall surface of each cylindrical body. (For example, see FIG. 7 of Patent Document 1).

The reflective imaging element disclosed in Patent Document 1 has tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of square holes each having a side of about 50 μm to 200 μm formed on a substrate having a thickness of 50 μm to 200 μm. The inner surface is mirror-coated by electroforming, nanoprinting or sputtering. Further, Patent Document 3 discloses an optical system in which an infrared camera is arranged on the side where the projection object of the reflective imaging element is arranged to detect that a human hand touches the aerial image. .

For the purpose of reference, the entire disclosure of Patent Documents 1 to 3 is incorporated herein by reference.

JP 2008-158114 A International Publication No. 2009/136578 International Publication No. 2008/123500

However, since Patent Document 3 does not disclose a quantitative relationship between the installation position of the infrared camera and the projection object and the detection accuracy, the optimal arrangement position of the infrared camera is unknown.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reflective imaging element that can accurately detect contact with an aerial image by optimizing the installation positions of an optical sensor and a projection object. It is to provide an optical system having a child.

An optical system according to the present invention includes a reflective imaging element having a display panel, two mirror elements that contribute to imaging, and a mirror element facing either of the two mirror elements, and the reflective imaging element At least one photosensor disposed on the display panel side, wherein the at least one photosensor is disposed to face the display panel, and a width of each of the two specular elements is a, When the height of each of the two specular elements is b, the angle θ1 formed by the optical axis of the at least one photosensor and the normal direction of the reflective imaging element satisfies the equation (1). ,

The image displayed on the display surface of the display panel is imaged at a plane-symmetrical position with the reflective imaging element as a symmetry plane.

In one embodiment, the installation angle of the display panel is equal to the angle θ1.

In one embodiment, the angle θ1 satisfies 30 ° <θ1 <70 °.

In one embodiment, the at least one photosensor includes a first photosensor and a second photosensor, and when viewed from the normal direction of the reflective imaging element, the second photosensor is a first photosensor. With the axis as the axis of symmetry, it is arranged in a line-symmetrical position with the first photosensor, and when the counterclockwise direction is the positive direction and the clockwise direction is the negative direction, the light of the first axis and the first photosensor When the angle formed by the axis is φ and the angle formed by the first axis and the optical axis of the second photosensor is −φ, the angle φ satisfies 0 ° <φ ≦ 65 °, and the first One axis is parallel to a bisected line that bisects the angle formed by the two specular elements.

In one embodiment, the display panel and the at least one photosensor are connected to an arrangement control module that controls the arrangement of the display panel and the at least one photosensor.

In one embodiment, the light emitted from the at least one photosensor is infrared or visible light.

In one embodiment, the at least one photosensor includes a plurality of photosensors.

In one embodiment, the optical system includes an optical sensor module in which the plurality of optical sensors are arranged in an array.

In one embodiment, each of the plurality of optical sensors independently detects contact with each of a plurality of aerial images formed to overlap in a normal direction of the reflective imaging element.

According to the present invention, an optical system having a reflective imaging element that can accurately detect contact with an aerial image is provided.

(A) is a schematic sectional view of the optical system 100 in the embodiment according to the present invention, (b) is a plan view of the reflective imaging element 10, and (c) and (d) are regions. It is the figure which expanded X. (A) is a figure explaining arrangement | positioning of the optical sensor 40, (b) is a figure explaining the reflection path | route of the light 80 emitted from the optical sensor 40, (c) is angle φ and sensor intensity | strength. It is a graph explaining the relationship with Is. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the distance from a reflector, and reflected light intensity. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a modification example of the optical system 100. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of the optical system 100. 2 is a schematic plan view of the optical sensor module 120. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments.

An optical system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of the optical system 100, and FIG. 1B is a schematic plan view of the reflective imaging element 10.

The optical system 100 shown in FIG. 1A includes a display panel 30, a reflective imaging element 10, and at least one photosensor 40 disposed on the display panel 30 side of the reflective imaging element 10. At least one photosensor 40 is arranged to face the display surface of the display panel 30. The optical system 100 forms an image displayed on the display surface of the display panel 30 at a plane-symmetric position with the reflective imaging element 10 as a symmetry plane, and an aerial image 50 is obtained. Further, the optical sensor 40 can detect that, for example, a human hand F touches the aerial image 50. The light emitted from the optical sensor 40 is preferably infrared or visible light. In the case of the optical sensor 40 using visible light, the observer can easily recognize the position of the light emitted from the optical sensor 40. In the case of an optical sensor using infrared rays, the optical sensor 40 is less susceptible to the influence of surrounding visible light (for example, light from a fluorescent lamp), so that the optical sensor 40 is less likely to malfunction. As the optical sensor 40, for example, a TOF (Time-Of-Flight) type infrared sensor is used.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the reflective imaging element 10 includes a flat substrate 12, a plurality of through holes 22 that penetrate in the thickness direction of the substrate 12, and inner walls of the plurality of through holes 22. It has two

mirror surface elements

14a and 15a orthogonal to each other. The plurality of through holes 22 are each rectangular (for example, square). The two

specular elements

14a and 15a are specular elements that contribute to imaging. Furthermore, it has the

mirror surface elements

14b and 15b facing either of the two

mirror surface elements

14a and 15a. When there is one optical sensor 40, only one of the

mirror elements

14b and 15b may be formed. The

specular elements

14b and 15b are specular elements that receive light (for example, infrared rays) from the optical sensor 40.

1 (c) and 1 (d) are schematic enlarged views of the region X of the reflective imaging element 10 shown in FIG. 1 (b). As shown in FIG. 1C and FIG. 1D, the light 60 from the display panel 30 is incident on the two

mirror elements

14a and 15a and reflected (metal reflection or total reflection), thereby condensing in the air. Image. The

specular elements

14a, 14b, 15a and 15b each have a width a and a height b. For example, the width a is preferably 50 μm or more and 1500 μm or less (for example, 209 μm), and the height b is preferably 150 μm or more and 4500 μm or less (for example, 160 μm).

Referring to FIG. 1 (a) again.

In the international publication 2011/136214 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Application 1), the present applicant examined the installation position of the display panel from which an aerial image with high visibility is obtained. For reference, the entire disclosure of Patent Application 1 is incorporated herein by reference. In patent application 1, it was found that the installation angle θ2 of the display panel 30 preferably satisfies the formula (2).

When the display panel 30 is installed so that the installation angle θ2 of the display panel 30 satisfies the expression (2), an aerial image 50 with high visibility is obtained. In addition, when the angle θ2 satisfies 30 ° <θ2 <70 °, an aerial image 50 with higher visibility can be obtained.

The inventor has found that the angle θ1 formed by the optical axis of at least one photosensor 40 and the normal direction L of the reflective imaging element 10 also preferably satisfies the formula (2).

Thus, when the optical sensor 40 is arranged, it is possible to accurately detect contact with an aerial image. Similarly to the angle θ2, the angle θ1 also preferably satisfies 30 ° <θ1 <70 °, and more preferably satisfies θ1 = θ2.

The optical system 100 allows the optical sensor 40 and the display panel 30 to be arranged so that the optical sensor 40 and the display panel 30 do not interfere with each other, and the optical sensor 40 and the display panel 30 are connected in a reflective manner. The image element 10 can be arranged so as to be hidden from the observer. Furthermore, since the positional relationship among the display panel 30, the optical sensor 40, and the reflective imaging element 10 is constant, an optimal positional relationship is easily provided.

Next, the arrangement of the optical sensors 40 when two optical sensors 40 are arranged will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the positional relationship of the optical sensors 40 when viewed from the normal direction of the reflective imaging element 10.

As shown in FIG. 2A, when viewed from the normal direction of the reflective imaging element 10, the second photosensor 40b is line-symmetric with the first photosensor 40a with the first axis 71 as the axis of symmetry. Placed in position. The first axis 71 is parallel to a bisector that bisects the angle formed by the two

specular elements

14a and 15a (see the dotted line 70 in FIG. 1C). Further, when viewed from the normal direction of the reflective imaging element 10, the first photosensor 40a and the second photosensor 40b are arranged so that the center P of the display area of the display panel 30 and the first axis 71 overlap. It is preferable to arrange. When viewed from the normal direction of the reflective imaging element 10, the center of the aerial image 50 and the center P of the display area of the display panel 30 overlap.

As shown in FIG. 2B, the light 80 emitted from the optical sensor 40 enters, for example, the mirror element 14b facing the mirror element 14a that contributes to image formation, and is reflected by the mirror element 14b. Enters the mirror surface element 14a, and the light reflected by the mirror surface element 14a travels toward the aerial image.

Further, the inventor made an angle formed by the first axis 71 and the optical axis of the first optical sensor (for example, a TOF type infrared sensor) 40a, where counterclockwise is a positive direction and clockwise is a negative direction. Was simulated, and the relationship between the angle φ and the sensor intensity Is was simulated when the angle between the first axis 71 and the optical axis of the second optical sensor (for example, the TOF infrared sensor) 40b was −φ. . The sensor intensity Is refers to the value obtained by dividing Iφ by Imax, where Imax is the light intensity at which the light intensity of the light sensor 40 is maximum, and Iφ is the light intensity of the sensor at each angle φ. (Is = Iφ / Imax × 100 (%)).

The inventor determines that the angle φ and the sensor strength Is when the width a and the height b of the two

mirror surface elements

14a and 15a are a = 209 μm and b = 160 μm and θ1 = 61.6 ° are satisfied. The relationship was simulated. FIG.2 (c) is a graph which shows the result which the inventor simulated.

As can be seen from FIG. 2C, the sensor intensity Is (= Imax) is 100% when the angle φ = 45 °. Although the angle φ depends on the type of photosensor used, the sensor intensity Is is preferably greater than 0% (0 ° <φ ≦ 65 °) and the sensor intensity Is is considered from the utilization efficiency of light from the photosensor. 50% or more (35 ° ≦ φ ≦ 55 °) is more preferable. Furthermore, the simulation results show that the angle φ does not depend on the angle θ1.

Two or more optical sensors 40 can be used, and it may be detected that the aerial image 50 is touched by time division.

For example, when a TOF type infrared sensor is used as the optical sensor 40, the sensor is saturated (does not function as a sensor) if the reflected light intensity is too strong. Therefore, in the case of the TOF type infrared sensor, it is preferable to use the reflected light intensity within an angle φ range detectable by the sensor.

On the other hand, when an analog distance measuring sensor is used as the optical sensor 40, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the reflected light intensity decreases in proportion to the square of the distance. In the case of an analog distance measuring sensor, it is preferable to use the sensor within an angle φ range where reflected light intensity is as high as possible.

As shown in FIG. 4, the optical system 100 can be modified to an optical system incorporating a module 91 (hereinafter referred to as an “arrangement control module”) that controls the relative arrangement relationship between the display panel 30 and the optical sensor 40. Thus, the optical system having the arrangement control module 91 facilitates optimal arrangement of the display panel 30 and the optical sensor 40.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, when the optical system 100 is employed, for example, a plurality of

aerial images

50a and 50b are superimposed on the normal direction of the reflective imaging element 10 (see the normal direction L in FIG. 1A). Thus, the optical sensors 40a to 40d that independently detect that the

aerial images

50a and 50b are touched can be installed without interfering with each other. At this time, the angle φ1 and the angle φ2 corresponding to the angle φ of each of the optical sensors 40a to 40d are preferably independently 0 ° <φ1, φ2 ≦ 65 °, and 35 ° ≦ φ1, φ2 ≦ 55. More preferably. Note that the axis 71 in FIG. 5 corresponds to the axis 71 shown in FIG. Furthermore, as described above, each of the optical sensors 40a to 40d is preferably connected to the corresponding

arrangement control modules

91a and 91b.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, in the optical system 100, an optical sensor module 120 in which a plurality of optical sensors 40 are arranged in an array may be used. When the optical sensor module 120 in which a plurality of optical sensors 40 are arranged in an array is used, the detection accuracy of contact with an aerial image is further increased.

As described above, the present invention provides an optical system having a reflective imaging element that can accurately detect contact with an aerial image.

The present invention can be widely applied to an optical system having a reflective imaging element capable of forming an image of a projection object in space and a display panel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10

Reflective imaging element

14a, 15a

Mirror surface element

14b, 15b which contributes to image formation Mirror surface element 30 Display panel 22 Through-hole 40 Optical sensor 50 Aerial image 60 Light which contributes to image formation 70 Axis 100 Optical system F Finger L direction X Region θ1, θ2 Angle

Claims

A display panel;
A reflective imaging element having two mirror elements that contribute to imaging, and a mirror element facing either of the two mirror elements;
At least one photosensor disposed on the display panel side of the reflective imaging element;
The at least one light sensor is disposed to face the display panel;
When the width of each of the two specular elements is a and the height of each of the two specular elements is b,
An angle θ1 formed by the optical axis of the at least one photosensor and the normal direction of the reflective imaging element satisfies the formula (1),

An optical system for imaging an image displayed on a display surface of the display panel at a plane-symmetrical position with the reflective imaging element as a symmetry plane.
The optical system according to claim 1, wherein an installation angle of the display panel is equal to the angle θ1.
The optical system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the angle θ1 satisfies 30 ° <θ1 <70 °.
The at least one photosensor includes a first photosensor and a second photosensor;
When viewed from the normal direction of the reflective imaging element, the second photosensor is disposed at a position symmetrical with the first photosensor with the first axis as the symmetry axis, and the counterclockwise direction is positive. When the direction and the clockwise direction are negative directions, the angle between the first axis and the optical axis of the first photosensor is φ, and the angle between the first axis and the optical axis of the second photosensor Is −φ, the angle φ satisfies 0 ° <φ ≦ 65 °,
4. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the first axis is parallel to a bisector that bisects an angle formed by the two mirror elements. 5.
5. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the display panel and the at least one photosensor are connected to an arrangement control module that controls the arrangement of the display panel and the at least one photosensor.
The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the light emitted from the at least one optical sensor is infrared or visible light.
The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the at least one optical sensor includes a plurality of optical sensors.
The optical system according to claim 7, comprising an optical sensor module in which the plurality of optical sensors are arranged in an array.
9. Each of the plurality of photosensors independently detects contact with each of a plurality of aerial images formed so as to overlap in a normal direction of the reflective imaging element. Optical system.