WO2012106968A1

WO2012106968A1 - Method and device for locally transmitting information by java application

Info

Publication number: WO2012106968A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/083614
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杨彬; 郑瑜
Original assignee: 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司
Priority date: 2011-02-12
Filing date: 2011-12-07
Publication date: 2012-08-16
Also published as: CN102148869A; CN102148869B

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and a device for locally transmitting information by Java application. The method comprises: allowing the Java application of the device to transmit the information to be transmitted to the Java adaptation layer via JVM by invoking a standard Java interface platform request; allowing the Java adaptation layer to analyze the name of the Java application and the name of the local application module following the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request and the information to be transmitted in accordance with a predetermined rule when the requested URL destination address is determined to be the callback localhost of the current device; allowing the JAVA adaptation layer to perform authentication of the JAVA application according to the name of the JAVA application; and sending the information to be transmitted to the local application module corresponding to the name of the local application module when authentication of the JAVA application is approved. The present invention can realize the function of transmitting information to the local application module of the device by the Java application running in background without changing existing technical standards.

Description

Method and device for transmitting information to JAVA application locally

[Technical Field]

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for JAVA applications to communicate information locally. 【Background technique】

Java, a general term for the Java programming language and Java platform introduced by Sun Microsystems in May 1995.

JAVA technology is a cross-platform software technology. J2ME-compliant JAVA applications (MIDlets) can be easily adapted and adapted (even without adjustment at all) on different hardware devices, regardless of the processor and operating system details of the hardware device platform. The cross-platform nature of JAVA itself depends on its abstract program runtime environment, the JAVA virtual machine. The core part of the implementation of the JAVA virtual machine is often referred to as the JAVA kernel (Core), or simply JVM.

Different JAVA applications need to manage their resources and record information when running on the same hardware device. This part of the function is usually called JAVA Application Manager (JAM), or application management layer, which can be regarded as JAVA virtual. Part of the machine can also be seen as a basic application layer on top of the JAVA kernel.

In order to run the entire JAVA technology on another physical hardware and software platform, some grafting and adaptation work is required. All software and hardware mating parts related to this are often referred to as JAVA adaptation and JAVA adaptation layers.

Running under the JAVA adaptation layer is the system platform, as well as some underlying applications. Other higher-level applications may also communicate with JAVA systems and JAVA applications, but often do not communicate directly, but through the JAVA adaptation layer and the JAVA kernel and JAM help. JAVA technology is a highly standardized technology. Often, any functionality that is not included in the standard cannot be creatively implemented by a JAVA application, otherwise the JAVA application is difficult to adapt between different systems, ie it is difficult to run across platforms. However, in the case of standardization technology lags, some emerging application requirements will inevitably lead to the expansion of existing functions.

For example, there is an application requirement that when a user strongly requests a JAVA application to run in the background, the device can prompt some key information in the foreground, that is, the JAVA application can deliver information locally. The current technology that meets the above application requirements is the standard technology JSR211, which enables two-way interaction between JAVA applications and the local. However, JSR211 is more extensive and requires the common support of JVM, JAVA application manager (JAM), JAVA application and platform, and the implementation cost is 4艮.

[Summary of the Invention]

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and a device for transmitting information to a local application by a JAVA application, which can realize the JAVA application running in the background of the device to transmit information to the local application module of the device without changing the existing technical standards. Features.

In order to solve the above technical problem, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: Providing a method for a JAVA application to transmit information to a local, including:

The JAVA application of the device requests the PlatfromRequest by calling a standard JAVA interface platform, and transmits the JAVA application to be transmitted to the JAVA virtual machine JVM. After the domain name is requested by the JAVA interface platform, the JAVA application is set according to a predetermined rule. a program name, a local application module name, and a to-be-delivered information, where the JAVA application name corresponds to a source of the information to be delivered, the local application module name is a target application module name to which the information to be delivered is to arrive; and the JVM is to be a JAVA interface The platform request is handed over to the JAVA adaptation layer as a normal request; the JAVA adaptation layer determines whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is "Localhost", "127.0.0.1" or "::1"; Narrative When the request URL address is "Localhost", "127.0.0.1" or "::1", the JAVA adaptation layer parses the JAVA application name and the local application module after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule. And the information to be delivered; causing the JAVA adaptation layer to authenticate the JAVA application according to the JAVA application name; and sending the to-be-delivered information to the local application module when the JAVA application authentication is passed The local application module corresponding to the name.

The step of causing the JAVA adaptation layer to parse the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the information to be delivered after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule includes: causing the JAVA adaptation layer to check the JAVA interface platform request. The first delimiter and the second delimiter in the string after the domain name are parsed after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request and before the first delimiter, as the JAVA application name; after the first delimiter, second The content before the delimiter is parsed as the local application module name; the content after the second delimiter to the end of the string is parsed as the information to be delivered.

The step of sending the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name includes: shaping the to-be-transmitted information, and then sending the information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name.

The step of sending the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name includes: passing the information to be delivered through an event between threads, an event between processes, or between a thread and a process The event is sent to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name.

In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: Providing a method for a JAVA application to transmit information to a local device, comprising: causing a JAVA application of the device to request [Plattfrom Request (URL) by calling a standard JAVA interface platform. The JAVA application to be passed to the JAVA virtual machine, wherein after the JAVA interface platform requests the domain name, the JAVA application name and the local application module are set according to a predetermined rule. Name and information to be delivered, the JAVA application name corresponds to the source of the information to be delivered, the local application module name is the target application module name to be delivered to the information; the JVM is required to submit the JAVA interface platform request to JAVA Configuring the JAVA adaptation layer to determine whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is the current device callback standard host; when the requested URL target address is the current device callback standard host, enable JAVA The adaptation layer parses the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the information to be delivered after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule; and causes the JAVA adaptation layer to authenticate the JAVA application according to the JAVA application name. The information to be delivered is sent to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name when the JAVA application authentication is passed.

The step of causing the JVM to hand over the JAVA interface platform request to the JAVA adaptation layer The method includes: causing the JVM to submit the JAVA interface platform request as a normal request to the JAVA adaptation layer.

The step of determining, by the JAVA adaptation layer, whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is the current device callback standard host includes: the JAVA adaptation layer determining whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is Is "Localhost", "127.0.0.1" or "::1".

In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: providing a JAVA-based device, comprising: a request sending unit, configured to enable a JAVA application of the device to request by calling a standard JAVA interface platform, The JAVA application to be passed to the JAVA virtual machine, wherein after the domain name is requested by the JAVA interface platform, the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the to-be-delivered information are set according to a predetermined rule, and the JAVA application name corresponds to The source of the information to be delivered, the local application module name is the name of the target application module to be delivered; the first delivery unit is configured to enable the JVM to submit the JAVA interface platform request to the JAVA adaptation layer; And the JAVA adaptation layer is configured to determine whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is a current device callback standard host; and the information parsing unit is configured to: call back the current device in the requested URL target address When the standard host is used, the JAVA adaptation layer parses the JAVA connection according to the predetermined rule. The JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the information to be delivered after the domain name in the port platform request; the program authentication unit, configured to enable the JAVA adaptation layer to authenticate the JAVA application according to the JAVA application name; The delivery unit is configured to send the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name when the JAVA application authentication is passed.

The information parsing unit is specifically configured to enable the JAVA adaptation layer to check the first delimiter and the second delimiter in the string after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request, and after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request, the first delimiter The previous content is parsed out as JAVA The application name; parsing the content after the first delimiter and before the second delimiter as the local application module name; parsing the content after the second delimiter to the end of the string as the information to be delivered.

The second delivery unit is specifically configured to send the information to be delivered to an local application module corresponding to the local application module name by using an event between threads, an event between processes, or an event between a thread and a process. .

The address determining unit is specifically configured to determine, by the JAVA adaptation layer, whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is "Localhost", "127.0.0.1" or "::1".

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: different from the prior art, in the case that the information transmission cost between the JAVA application and the device local application module is too high based on the current technical standards, the present invention utilizes one of the Internet technologies cannot be reused. The host name, that is, Localhost, serves as a bridge between the JAVA application and the device's local application module. The information to be passed and the local application module name are placed in the JAVA interface platform request, so that the JAVA adaptation layer can determine the JAVA interface platform request from the JVM. Whether the requested URL of the requested URL is the current device callback standard host. When the determination is yes, the information to be delivered is sent to the local application module, without changing the existing technical standards, which is simple and convenient, and low in cost, and will not A situation that causes serious side effects when JAVA applications are running on other platforms.

[Description of the Drawings]

1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for transmitting information to a local JAVA application; FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a JAVA-based device of the present invention.

【detailed description】

Localhost is a standard host name in the field of Internet technology and is used to represent the current setting. Ready to call back. "Localhost""..Localhost" is also the reserved international domain name, which is a hostname that cannot be reused. Localhost will be translated as a callback IP address, which is "127.0.0.1" in the IPV4 era and "::1" in the IPv6 era. Local requests to Localhost, such as http://Localhost, will always display the home page of the local WEB site (because http is used as the default protocol for site browsing), if it exists.

Because of the special nature of Localhost, most mobile communication devices do not need support because they do not have a local WEB site, and do not need to accept this address locally for access to web applications such as browsers. This creates the conditions for the present invention to use the request for the address to achieve functional extension.

The function extensions include: User requirements When the JAVA application is running in the background, the device can prompt some key information from the JAVA application in the foreground, that is, the JAVA application can transmit information to the local.

In order to realize this market demand quickly and easily, the invention expands the standard JAVA interface, and uses Localhost as a channel to realize the information transmission of the background JAVA application, and then receives the information locally and then performs corresponding processing. This method does not cause serious side effects when the JAVA program runs on other platforms. The embodiments of the present invention are specifically described below:

Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of a method for transmitting information to a local JAVA application includes:

Step 101: The JAVA application of the device requests [PlatfromRequest(URL)] by calling a standard JAVA interface platform, and transmits the JAVA application to be transmitted to the JAVA virtual machine (JVM), where the domain name is requested in the JAVA interface platform. Then, according to the predetermined rule, the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the to-be-delivered information are set, the JAVA application name corresponds to the source of the information to be delivered, and the local application module name is the target application to be delivered. Module name;

Step 102: Enable the JVM to submit the JAVA interface platform request to the JAVA adaptation layer. At this point, everything is in compliance with JAVA technical standards, without the special involvement of the JVM, and without the data being destroyed by the JVM.

Step 103: The JAVA adaptation layer determines whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is a current device callback standard host (Localhost);

Step 104: When the requested URL target address is the current device callback standard host, the JAVA adaptation layer parses the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the domain name after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule. Information to be delivered;

For example, in an example, for a JAVA interface platform request, the PlatformRequest whose URL format is "http://", the existing JAVA technical standard requires that the browser on the device be called to access the specified URL. This part is implemented through the interpretation of the JAVA adaptation layer and the call to the platform application module. Through the JAVA adaptation layer, the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the information to be delivered after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request are parsed according to the predetermined rule.

Step 105: Enable the JAVA adaptation layer to authenticate the JAVA application according to the JAVA application name.

That is, according to the JAVA application name, it is judged whether the application is recognized at the adaptation layer, and whether the application can use the method, that is, authentication, on the device.

Step 106: Send the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name when the JAVA application authentication is passed.

As can be understood from the above, the present invention utilizes a host name that cannot be reused in the Internet technology, that is, Localhost serves as a bridge between the JAVA application and the local application module of the device, and puts the information to be transmitted and the name of the local application module into the JAVA interface platform. In the request, the JAVA adaptation layer determines whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request from the JVM is the current device callback standard host. When the determination is yes, the information to be delivered is sent to the local application module. No need to change existing technical standards, easy and convenient, and low cost, and will not A situation that causes serious side effects when JAVA applications are running on other platforms.

In another embodiment, the step of causing the JAVA adaptation layer to parse the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the information to be delivered after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule includes:

The JAVA adaptation layer checks the first delimiter and the second delimiter in the string after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request, and parses the content after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request and before the first delimiter as the JAVA application. Name; parsing the content after the first delimiter and before the second delimiter as the local application module name; parsing the content after the second delimiter to the end of the string as the information to be delivered.

The delimiter can be "/" or other conformance for identification and segmentation. For example, if the separator is "/" as an example, the following string rules are used to parse the string of the domain name in the URL:

A string whose URL is outside the domain name and port part, separated by "/", which represents the target path information, that is, the directory and file information. Among them are the following definitions:

1) The first level directory name after the domain name part is overloaded as "JAVA application name" to indicate the source of the request, which is the name of the JAVA application. The name (string) is predetermined by the JAVA application developer and the JAVA adaptation layer implementer, not the name of the JAVA application itself, or the name of its installation file, or its display name after installation.

2) The second-level directory name is reloaded as "local application module name", which is the application module that the JAVA application wants to communicate with locally, such as phone book, email, desktop application, and so on. This also requires the parties to predetermine.

3) The third level directory starts to the end of the URL is the application related data part. The specific format is determined in advance by both parties, and this embodiment is not particularly limited.

Extract information after parsing: 1) Extract the JAVA application name, that is, read the information of the first level directory location.

2) After the JAVA application is authenticated, the local application module name is extracted, that is, the information of the second-level directory location is read, and the rest of the URL after the second-level directory is used as the application information, which is also about to be transmitted. Information content.

The above JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the form of the information set to be delivered are merely an application example, but the present invention is not limited to the above example, for example, "%" is used as a separator.

In another embodiment, the step of sending the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name includes: shaping the to-be-transmitted information, and sending the information to the local corresponding to the local application module name Application module.

The information to be transmitted after the information shaping is more in line with the receiving requirements of the local application module. In another embodiment, the step of sending the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name comprises: passing the information to be delivered through an event between threads, an event between processes, or The event between the thread and the process is sent to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name.

The manner in which the information to be delivered is sent to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name may be many, and the present invention will not be described again.

In another embodiment, the step of causing the JVM to hand the JAVA interface platform request to the JAVA adaptation layer includes causing the JVM to hand the JAVA interface platform request as a normal request to the JAVA adaptation layer.

Of course, the JVM can also be made to hand the JAVA interface platform request as a special request to the JAVA adaptation layer.

In another embodiment, the step of determining, by the JAVA adaptation layer, whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is the current device callback standard host includes: the JAVA adaptation layer determining the JAVA interface platform request Request URL destination address is "Localhost", "127.0.0.1" or "::Γ,.

Here's a practical example:

For example, a JAVA application needs to file the following platform request with the JVM:

PlatfromRequest(http://l 27.0.0.1 /MidletX/ honebook/ne w&name= John sonParker&number=00862156890000). According to this method, a JAVA application called MidletX is required to pass the message "new&name=JohnsonParker&number=00862156890000" to a Call the native application module of the phonebook.

Referring to FIG. 2, based on the present invention, a JAVA-based device embodiment is further provided, including:

a request sending unit, configured to enable the JAVA application of the device to request a PlatfromRequest by calling a standard JAVA interface platform, and transmit the JAVA application to be transmitted to the JAVA virtual machine JVM, where the JAVA interface platform requests the domain name, according to the reservation The rule set has the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the information to be delivered, the JAVA application name corresponds to the source of the information to be delivered, and the local application module name is the target application module name to which the information to be delivered is to be reached;

a first delivery unit, configured to enable the JVM to submit a JAVA interface platform request to the JAVA adaptation layer;

An address determining unit, configured to: determine, by the JAVA adaptation layer, whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is a current device callback standard host;

The information parsing unit is configured to: when the requested URL target address is the current device callback standard host, enable the JAVA adaptation layer to parse the JAVA application name and the local application after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule. a module name and information to be delivered; a program authentication unit, configured to enable the JAVA adaptation layer to authenticate the JAVA application according to the JAVA application name; The second delivery unit is configured to send the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name when the JAVA application authentication is passed.

The JAVA-based device can be a cell phone, a portable game console, a personal digital assistant, a notebook, and the like.

The information parsing unit is specifically configured to enable the JAVA adaptation layer to check the first delimiter and the second delimiter in the string after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request, and after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request, the first delimiter The previous content is parsed as the JAVA application name; the content after the first delimiter and before the second delimiter is parsed as the local application module name; the content after the second delimiter to the end of the string is parsed. As the information to be delivered.

The second delivery unit is specifically configured to send the information to be delivered to an local event corresponding to the local application module name by an event between threads, an event between processes, or an event between a thread and a process. Application module.

The above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformations made by the specification and the drawings of the present invention may be directly or indirectly applied to other related technologies. The scope of the invention is included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

Rights request

A method for transmitting information to a local application by a JAVA application, comprising: causing a JAVA application of the device to request a PlatfromRequest by calling a standard JAVA interface platform, and transmitting the information to be transmitted by the JAVA application to the JAVA virtual machine a JVM, wherein after the domain name is requested by the JAVA interface platform, the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the to-be-delivered information are set according to a predetermined rule, and the JAVA application name corresponds to a source of the information to be delivered, and the local application module The name is the name of the target application module to which the information to be delivered is to be reached;

And causing the JVM to submit the JAVA interface platform request as a normal request to the JAVA adaptation layer; the JAVA adaptation layer determines whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is "Localhost", "127.0.0.1" or " ::1" ;

When the requested URL target address is "Localhost", "127.0.0.1" or "::1", the JAVA adaptation layer parses the JAVA application name after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule. , the local application module name and the information to be delivered;

The JAVA adaptation layer is configured to authenticate the JAVA application according to the JAVA application name; when the JAVA application authentication is passed, the information to be delivered is sent to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name. .

2. The method of claim 1 wherein:

The steps of causing the JAVA adaptation layer to parse out the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the information to be delivered after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule include:

3. The method of claim 1 wherein: The step of sending the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name includes: shaping the to-be-transmitted information, and then sending the information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein:

The step of sending the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name includes: passing the information to be delivered through an event between threads, an event between processes, or an event between a thread and a process And sending the local application module corresponding to the local application module name.

A method for a JAVA application to transmit information to a local device, comprising: causing a JAVA application of the device to request a PlatfromRequest by calling a standard JAVA interface platform, and transmitting the information to be transmitted by the JAVA application to the JAVA virtual machine. a JVM, wherein after the domain name is requested by the JAVA interface platform, the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the to-be-delivered information are set according to a predetermined rule, and the JAVA application name corresponds to a source of the information to be delivered, and the local application module The name is the name of the target application module to which the information to be delivered is to be reached;

Causing the JVM to submit the JAVA interface platform request to the JAVA adaptation layer;

And causing the JAVA adaptation layer to determine whether the requested URL destination address in the JAVA interface platform request is the current device callback standard host Localhost;

When the requested URL target address is the current device callback standard host, the JAVA adaptation layer parses the JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the to-be-delivered information after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule. ;

6. The method of claim 5, wherein:

Make the JAVA adaptation layer check the first delimiter in the string after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request And the second delimiter, parsing the content after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request and before the first delimiter as the JAVA application name; parsing the content after the first delimiter and before the second delimiter as a local Application module name; parsing the content after the second delimiter to the end of the string as the information to be delivered.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein:

8. The method of claim 5, wherein:

9. The method of claim 8 wherein:

The step of causing the JVM to hand over the JAVA interface platform request to the JAVA adaptation layer includes: causing the JVM to hand the JAVA interface platform request as a normal request to the JAVA adaptation layer.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein:

The step of determining, by the JAVA adaptation layer, whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is the current device callback standard host includes: the JAVA adaptation layer determining whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is " Localhost" , "127.0.0.1" or "::1".

11. The method of claim 7 wherein:

12. The method of claim 7 wherein:

The step of determining, by the JAVA adaptation layer, whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is the current device callback standard host includes: the JAVA adaptation layer determining whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is "Localhost" , "127.0.0.1" or

13. The method of claim 6 wherein:

14. The method of claim 6 wherein:

15. The method of claim 5 wherein:

16. The method of claim 5 wherein:

17. A JAVA-based device, comprising:

a request sending unit, configured to enable the JAVA application of the device to send the information to be transmitted to the JAVA virtual machine by calling a standard JAVA interface platform, where the JAVA interface platform requests the domain name, and then according to a predetermined rule set The JAVA application name, the local application module name, and the information to be delivered, the JAVA application name corresponds to the source of the information to be delivered, and the local application module name is the name of the target application module to which the information to be delivered is to be reached;

a first delivery unit, configured to enable the JVM to submit a JAVA interface platform request to the JAVA adaptation layer, and an address determining unit, configured to: determine, by the JAVA adaptation layer, whether the requested URL target address in the JAVA interface platform request is The current device calls back to the standard host;

The information parsing unit is configured to: when the requested URL target address is the current device callback standard host, enable the JAVA adaptation layer to parse the JAVA application name and the local application after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request according to the predetermined rule. Module name and information to be delivered; a program authentication unit, configured to enable the JAVA adaptation layer to authenticate the JAVA application according to the JAVA application name;

The second delivery unit is configured to send the to-be-delivered information to the local application module corresponding to the local application module name when the JAVA application authentication is passed.

18. Apparatus according to claim 17 wherein:

The information parsing unit is specifically configured to enable the JAVA adaptation layer to check the first delimiter and the second delimiter in the string after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request, after the domain name in the JAVA interface platform request, before the first delimiter The content is parsed as the JAVA application name; the content after the first delimiter and before the second delimiter is parsed as the local application module name; the content after the second delimiter to the end of the string is parsed as Send message.

19. Apparatus according to claim 17 wherein:

The second delivery unit is specifically configured to send the information to be delivered to an local application module corresponding to the local application module name by an event between threads, an event between processes, or an event between a thread and a process. .

The device according to claim 17, characterized in that: the requested URL destination address is "Localhost", "127.0.0.1" or "::1".