WO2011131814A1

WO2011131814A1 - Purification pool for water contaminated by human activity or water from natural eutrophication processes, having a daily capacity of more than one cubic metre (1 m3) of contaminated water

Info

Publication number: WO2011131814A1
Application number: PCT/ES2011/070258
Authority: WO
Inventors: Pablo Riesco Prieto; Vicente Torres Junco
Original assignee: Macrofitas Sl
Priority date: 2010-04-19
Filing date: 2011-04-15
Publication date: 2011-10-27
Also published as: ES2365435A1; ES2365435B1

Abstract

Purification pool for water contaminated by human activity or water from natural eutrophication processes, having a daily capacity of more than one cubic metre (1 m³) of contaminated water intended for purification methods for urban, industrial and agricultural wastewater, with the peculiarity that it can be installed on site, the structure and components thereof being easily transportable as they are collapsible, detachable and adaptable in proportion and shape to the surfaces, the inside thereof being divisible into compartments using a series of impermeable panels that can be adjustable or fixed to form homogenization, stabilization and retarding zones for the water introduced, and to determine the condition thereof by the creation of upward/downward flows that facilitate the purification process through movement from a low-oxygen zone to an oxygenated zone in contact with the roots of macrophytes planted on the surface.

Description

BATTERY FOR WATER TREATMENT CONTAMINATED BY

HUMAN OR ORIGIN ACTIVITY OF EUTRIFYING NATURAL PROCESSES, WITH CAPACITY FOR MORE THAN (1 M3) A

DAILY CUBIC METER OF POLLUTED WATER

SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE

The object of the present invention belongs to the environmental sector playing an important role in contaminated or dirty water purification systems, applicable to various uses or purposes.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to obtain a raft with the exterior surfaces or walls waterproofed for wastewater purification procedure, of urban, industrial, agricultural origin, with the particularity that it can be installed in situ, the structure being and the different components that integrate it easily transportable to be foldable, removable and also can be adapted in their proportions and formats to the characteristics that form the perimeter closure of the surfaces, which delimit the volume obtained by excavation or filling, of the vessel that is It will be used for the purification of the water that each installation requires due to the conditions of the land, type of soil and similar.

STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

In the state of the art there are numerous variants of rafts or purification systems apparently similar although most of them are constructed from fixed structures excavated in the ground in materials such as cement and concrete. The novelty provided by this system is that the flexible waterproofing sheet that closes and seals the vessel at its bottom and outer periphery is designed for direct installation on the excavated ground in contact with the earth avoiding construction costs, visual impact and in the environment that the constructions of reinforced concrete, brick factory, concrete gunitas and those of the rafts waterproofed by means of superimposed sheets and trimmed on the ground to proceed later to the union of the same and the sealing between them once coupled and adjusted to the vessel by means of welding processes or glue between the sheets, to obtain pits for common purification systems or rafts, which can, if so desired, be compartmentalized, controlled and guided by the flow of the water inside, the distribution of the water of its influent and the collection of its effluent at various points within the volume formed, however, until now there is no knowledge of the existence of a system that, due to its characteristics, allows its installation and assembly as a whole with its various components as a kit with the lowest requirements specialized technical knowledge in the field, minimizing the costs in assembly, installation and maintenance making possible the func ionization

of the system to any "average" user that their knowledge, only include performing mechanical work of extending and fixing fabrics or sheets, without the need to weld or glue them.

Another advantage of this purification tank is that its total size is adjustable or internally compartmentalizable by means of a series of waterproofed or non-adjustable, adjustable and movable or fixed panels that determine areas of homogenization, stabilization and lamination of water introduced into the system and its conduction through the creation of up / down channeling flows that facilitate the water purification process itself with the transition from a situation of lack of oxygen (anoxia) to another of ascension to the most superficial part of the raft and coming into contact with the roots / rhizomes of macrophyte or floating helophyte plants that remove contaminants from water, whether they are in the form of

Flocculations in suspension, in colloids or dissolved in water.

ADVANTAGES Below we cite the most important or remarkable advantages of the present invention, purely enunciative and not limiting;

-This invention is respectful with the environment, producing a minimum ecological impact and with the absence of works or fixed installations, easy disassembly and uninstallation of the system.

- It does not need concrete, brick, masonry infrastructure works; No welding or glue work is necessary at the installation site, for the joining of sheet cloths, these works are carried out in previously prepared places in which the sheets are cut, conform to previously established shapes, welding or gluing the different cloths that will form the walls of the glass, that is to say in the factory.

-The compartmentalization and internal channeling of the water flow can be independent of the outer walls of the vessel, so that once the vessel is installed in the right place, proceed to install the inner cloths, through joints mechanical, of type of pressure by machining or interlocking, that produce fasteners to the walls sufficiently tight so that the flow of the water is distributed and channeled so that they follow the vertical cloths either descending through them or ascending through the walls thereof . The points of maximum interlocking tensions will be designed so that the sheet comes with perforations already made especially or that allow to be drilled by means of studs studs, which are fixed by drilling or intrusion into the walls of the ground that supports the waterproofing, achieving waterproofing of the perforated area, by means of the own characteristics of the waterproofing sheet or by preparing the area with materials that reinforce the waterproof outer sheet and which in turn prevent the escape of water through them outside the vessel.

-Minimum visual impact combining ground surface planting and / or flotation of helophyte plants of the macrophyte type, especially the species of the genus typhas, esparganios, reeds, scircus, sparganius, reeds, arundo, bambus, water lilies, ctc , which contribute very significantly in the purification procedure. - ease of installation.

-manageability, being affordable for people with very little specialization in raft training, so that a simple farmer can do it, or people with little or no hydraulic technical knowledge.

-Total customization of the system adapting to the particular characteristics and requirements of each particular case, based only on the surface to be occupied and the depth of the purifying vessel where the macrophytes will be placed floating.

-the minimum capacity in volume to be waterproofed in the pit will be 12 m3 with wide clearances in the lengths of widths, length and depth, so that error variables of more than two meters in the surface perimeter and in the height can be absorbed of the water meter of one meter.

-the surface, geometry and contours that limit the raft or pit, may be adjusted to regular or irregular shapes, so that their design is not a limitation, to close the vessel's waterproofing. Admitting more than two meters of error in length,

-Allows the mass production of the kit containing the raft and reflector elements attached to it or separately to place them in the places, prepared in the purification kit glass and adapting it even for direct sale to the public, with the Descriptive written information, with assembly plan and assembly and termination details. DESIGNS

In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the following designs are attached hereto; Figure 1 shows a sectional side view of an embodiment of the purification system with the raft and the purification kit, containing the reflective plates mounted and fixed on its walls, showing a water communication on each side of the surfaces of The reflective sheet. Figure 2 shows a plan view corresponding to the cross-section of the same vessel of Figure 1 of the purification kit, with rectangular shape, showing in this case the bottom reflecting sheets shown with the number 16 corresponding to the sheet reflector 4 of figure 1 with its all / nothing closing / opening valve system, followed by its reflector sheet 17 corresponding to sheet 3 of figure 1.

Figure 3 is identical to Figure 1 showing a side sectional view of the raft with the only difference that the intermediate bulkhead partition panels of the raft (3) and (4) appear fully tensioned fixed to the floating element and They may or may not be at the level of the water surface.

REALIZATION OF THE INVENTION

The particularity of this structure is that the raft or outer body is constituted by a flexible waterproofing sheet (1) or flexible waterproofing of varying density and thickness, which allows it to be folded and extended, customizable or not, and can be installed on site, thus allowing a mass production and even its direct commercialization to the public, so that it can be installed, without having specialized knowledge of purification or construction of rafts or deposits.

In addition, the system may be composed of a series of interior bottom panels or curtain sheets (16) and (17) of Figure 2 or (3) and (4) of Figure 1, which are located at length of the central longitudinal body in a transverse position to this, so that it undulates the flow of water if desired, its vertical position not being necessary (see figure 3) and with possible angulation and undulations of the sheet or curtain itself, which divide the internal volume, creating a flow or course of the incoming water in the system, towards the lower and upper part in alternative phases, according to the inclination of said vertical panels or curtains, thus operating the exchange of oxygen and water purification by locating floating helophyte or macrophyte plants, on the surface part of the raft so that their roots or rhizomes contribute to the process of purification of dirty water, which would have been contaminated by human action or naturally.

Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the raft is characterized by a waterproof or waterproofing sheet composed of one or more layers (1), so as to give it greater flexibility and adaptability, facilitating its coupling to the excavation carried out in the land, deposit or vessel that you want to waterproof. This waterproofing sheet can be protected on the outside by cloths or geo-textile products (2) to avoid cuts or perforations derived from its installation and assembly process or by effects of material handling during the transport, installation and Similar.

The raft structure can optionally form with another sheet (s) water passages, in order to channel or force the distribution of it along the entire side corresponding to the entry in its initial path, so that the influent is channeled to nearby deep water at the beginning of the raft and optionally a second sheet (3) of Figure 1 can be placed, weighted at its bottom if desired, located at a certain distance from the outer sheet from the point (s) of entry of water to the purification system or raft and that extends vertically, parallel to the outer wall almost to cover the total depth thereof, so that a flow channel or downward conduction of water is created from the entry into the raft ( E) to deep areas of it, to create a zone without oxygen (anoxia). This interposed sheet is the one that operates the process of homogenization of the water admitted to the system (influent), managing to release the nitrogen contained in the nitrates through the anoxic bacteria into the gaseous form.

This intermediate sheet (3) of Figure 1, or (16) of Figure 2, may protrude above the surface of the water in a small portion, it being possible to incorporate more than one impermeable sheet interposed according to the percentage of concentrations of contaminants from the influent.

The raft also has one or several waterproof or low sheets impermeability (4) arranged along the length of the raft. These intermediate sheets will be fixed in their upper part to a tensioning element or a tube or other low density element (5) located below the water level, being fixed at the bottom of the depth of the raft in its lower part, so that this sheet cannot exceed a certain height and is always below the minimum level of water or the effluent outlet.

These sheets (3) and (4) of Figure 1, (1 6) and (17) of Figure 2, can be succeeded and alternated along the length of the raft and its size allows its adjustable angulation so that they can occupy various angles and not only the vertical position of figure 3. being able to advance or delay the relative positions of the sheets (3) and (4) with respect to each other, so that they can have their fixed parts (17 ) and (1 6) crossed with respect to each other, allowing the flow of water current, ascending or descending corresponding to each sheet. The sheets (3) and (4), (1 6) and (17) of compartmentalization of the inner volume of the raft can be attached to it in its lateral perimeter, so that the outer layer or cover of the raft can have its sides prepared with fixing systems intended for joining or assembling panels in different ways such as dovetail termination, bolts and screws, through holes or any other valid system for fixing the sheets to the outer body of the raft.

At the bottom of the raft and along the length of the same a series of closing or opening valve elements (6) is also deployed, these valve elements can be installed in the lower part of the vertical waterproofing sheets themselves interposed or in the vicinity of the bottom so that the flow of water travels through them when the raft is filled.

These bottom valve elements can be used in the same way in the tasks of emptying and cleaning or maintaining the interior of the raft. All / nothing shut-off valves are presented in varied formats; spherical, conical or ellipsoid (7) And are attached to a tractor system that emerges on the surface of the water formed by ropes, chains, ropes or rods (8) that They operate the opening / closing of the valve by means of a stretching movement of the mechanism to one side or the other.

The purification tank can also count at a point near the outlet of treated water from a pump or electro-pump element (9), whose feeding is operated by means of solar panels (10) to produce the recirculation of the effluent to the input and produce homogenization of the input flow. The photovoltaic panel is located outside and is connected to the electric pump element it feeds on. The system is completed with a thermal solar panel or voltaic photo (10) intended to heat, if necessary, recirculation water, so that the heated water produces its recirculation, that is, without an electromechanical element, the water recirculation A recirculation pipe (1 1) is provided, which can be located inside or outside the raft, which takes the water from the electric pump or from the heated water and conducts it back to the inlet or intake duct of the raft to restart the debugging process.

In the area of entry or admission of water to purify the structure of the raft and in particular the impermeable sheet will be prepared for connection to a tube (12) so that the joint is tight or easily sealed later.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention according to figure 3, the system has a rectangular cut-off tank with several water inlet (13) and outlet (14) zones with the same characteristics as the single-entry version / outlet, in this alternative execution the closing or opening valves that channel the water flow system are located at the center point of the raft (15, 15 'and 15 ") and the homogenization zones are operated in this case by panels or curtains (1 6) in a vertical upright position, which occupy the total width of the raft and that have the mission of producing the jump and the rise of the water to the oxic zones and by means of the curtains (17), to canalize the water to the anoxic zones.

Claims

one . - raft for the purification of contaminated water by human activity or origin of natural eutrifying processes, with purification capacity for more than (1 m3) a daily cubic meter of contaminated water, characterized by consisting of:

- a waterproof or waterproofing sheet (1) composed of one or more layers of sheets, which, extended in an excavation or deposit or vessel, adapt to their shape, without the need for welding.

- one or more specially prepared areas, to join or attach to waterproof or low impervious sheets, that join the opposite or opposite walls of the purification tank or pit. - the waterproof or waterproofing sheets (3), (4), (1 6) (17) that are sealed with the bottom, have valve element (s) for closing / opening (7), (15), (15 ') (15 ") installed in the lower part of the sheet, the valves can have varied formats and are connected to an emerging tractor system on the surface of the water and constituted by chains, ropes or rods that operate the opening and closure (8).

- a purified water recirculation element consisting of a recirculation pipe (1 1) and solar thermal or photovoltaic solar panels (10), which produce the convention of purified water at the influent's entrance.

- one or more connection (s) (13) to a tube for a tight connection that presents the sheet in its part near the entrance and exit (14).

2. - raft for the purification of water contaminated by human activity or origin of natural eutrifying processes, with purification capacity for more than (1 m3) a daily cubic meter of contaminated water according to the first claim characterized in that the sheet (s) transversal to the flow of water inlet / outlet, (3), (4), (1 6), (17) may be attached to the areas of the Longitudinal walls of the raft, which are prepared for assembly or joint form, as well as because some sheets are above the water level and others below it.

3.- raft for purification of contaminated water by human activity or origin of natural eutrifying processes, with purification capacity for more than (1 m3) a daily cubic meter of contaminated water according to the previous claims characterized in that the complementary elements for procedure Water purification will be installed and coupled according to an alternation of assembly processes.

4.- raft for purification of contaminated water by human activity or origin of natural eutrifying processes, with purification capacity for more than (1 m3) a daily cubic meter of contaminated water according to the previous claims characterized in that it can present on its surface , regular or irregular geometric shapes, with peripheral edges in irregular polygonal shape or any regular, with one or more water inlets and outlets.

5.- raft for purification of contaminated water by human activity or origin of natural eutrifying processes, with purification capacity r for more than (1 m3) a daily cubic meter of contaminated water according to the preceding claims characterized in that the internal structure of The raft is provided with joining or assembly means on its sides for the insertion of the intermediate panels of partition or compartmentalisation of the total interior volume.