WO2011022601A1 - Insert for a microbial scrubbing device - Google Patents
Insert for a microbial scrubbing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011022601A1 WO2011022601A1 PCT/US2010/046096 US2010046096W WO2011022601A1 WO 2011022601 A1 WO2011022601 A1 WO 2011022601A1 US 2010046096 W US2010046096 W US 2010046096W WO 2011022601 A1 WO2011022601 A1 WO 2011022601A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insert
- cleansing
- fingers
- wipers
- cavity
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002323 Silicone foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013514 silicone foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- KUXUALPOSMRJSW-IFWQJVLJSA-N 2-[6-[[amino-[[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]amino]methylidene]amino]hexyl]-1-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]guanidine;(2r,3s,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1NC(=N)NC(=N)NCCCCCCNC(=N)NC(=N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 KUXUALPOSMRJSW-IFWQJVLJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorhexidine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1NC(N)=NC(N)=NCCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003260 chlorhexidine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960003333 chlorhexidine gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YZIYKJHYYHPJIB-UUPCJSQJSA-N chlorhexidine gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1NC(=N)NC(=N)NCCCCCCNC(=N)NC(=N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YZIYKJHYYHPJIB-UUPCJSQJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one;molecular iodine Chemical compound II.C=CN1CCCC1=O CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000153 Povidone-iodine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000026058 directional locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002529 medical grade silicone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RSMUVYRMZCOLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N metsulfuron methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(C)=NC(OC)=N1 RSMUVYRMZCOLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001621 povidone-iodine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003031 santoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
- B08B9/087—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by methods involving the use of tools, e.g. brushes, scrapers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/70—Cleaning devices specially adapted for surgical instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
- A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
- A61L9/12—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/023—Cleaning the external surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
- B08B9/04—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes
Definitions
- embodiments of the invention employ a swab in the form of a piece of foam material that is impregnated with an anti-bacterial disinfectant and into which a female luer or the like may be inserted for cleaning upon rotation of the piece of foam material about the luer.
- the swab is disposed within a housing that allows a user to manipulate the swab using the fingers of a hand.
- the swab is secured, for example, by an adhesive, within the housing so that after insertion of a female luer into the swab, the housing and, thus, the swab can be rotated by the user about the surfaces of the luer.
- the housing is also provided with indicia to indicate to the user the number of full turns of the housin 1 gO about a luer when in use.
- a removable lid is placed on the housing in order to maintain the sterility of the swab prior to use.
- embodiments of the invention provide a microbial scrub brush that is comprised of a housing that defines a cavity, an insert of foam material that is disposed in the cavity and an anti-bacterial disinfectant in the insert.
- the housing is sized to be readily handled using two or three fingers of a hand. Further, the housing is sized so that a female luer may be readily inserted into the insert within the housing cavity. [0007] In one embodiment, the insert is provided with an annular portion for enveloping an outer surface of the female luer as well as a central portion for insertion within a central passage of the female luer for sterilizing an interior of the female luer.
- the insert of foam material may be of any suitable material such as a semi- closed hydrophilic polyurethane medical grade foam.
- the foam material may also be a closed foam, an open foam or a semi-closed foam.
- the anti-bacterial disinfectant may be of any suitable type and is in any suitable amount depending upon the size of the insert of foam material.
- the scrub brush is also provided with a lid to seal the cavity and insert from the surrounding environment and to maintain the insert within the housing in a sterile condition and to keep the insert from drying out.
- the lid may also be provided with a pull tab to facilitate removal of the lid from the housing when the brush is to be used.
- the lid is removed from the brush in order to expose the end of the insert within the housing.
- the brush is then placed over an exposed female luer, i.e., a needle-less connector, and rotated, for example for two complete revolutions. While rotating, the brush will self thread onto the female luer until the luer bottoms out. After completion, for example, of two full rotations, the brush can be removed from the luer by sliding the brush off the luer and discarded according to standard hospital protocol.
- the scrub brush includes an insert including a plurality of resilient fingers that substantially occupy a cross-sectional area of the cavity to enable the cleansing of both an exterior surface and an interior luminal surface of a medical device.
- the scrub brush insert includes a base from which extends an outer wall and a plurality of centrally disposed posts, or fingers.
- the insert can further include a plurality of wipers that extend radially inward from the outer wall.
- the fingers are configured to cleanse an interior portion of a medical device that is inserted into the cavity of the scrub brush, while the wipers of the outer wall are configured to cleanse exterior portions of the device when the scrub brush is rotated thereabout.
- the scrub brush insert in one embodiment is injection molded from silicone, though other materials and forming processed can also be employed.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a microbial scrub brush in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of the scrub brush of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of the housing of the scrub brush of FIG.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a cross- sectional view of the scrub brush of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 illustrates a detailed view of a surface of the housing of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 illustrates a cross- sectional view of a modified housing in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 7 illustrates a perspective view of the insert of the scrub brush of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 8 illustrates a view of a female luer being inserted into the insert of the scrub brush in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 9 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a modified insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 10 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a further modified insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 11 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a further modified insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 12 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an insert that is die cut in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 13 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a modified die-cut insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 14 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a further modified die-cut insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 15 illustrates a modified surface on the housing for receiving a closure lid
- FIG. 16 illustrates a side view of a modified housing in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 17 illustrates a rear closed end view of the housing of FIG. 16;
- FIG. 18 illustrates a front open end view of the housing of FIG. 16;
- FIG. 19 illustrates a perspective view of a foamed plastic insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 20A illustrates a perspective view of a foamed plastic insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 20B illustrates a perspective view of a foamed plastic insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 21 illustrates a top view of the insert of FIG. 19 in a holder of circular cross-sectional shape to form a scrub brush in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 22 illustrates a view of an externally threaded catheter in a position to be inserted and turned within the scrub brush of FIG. 21;
- FIG. 23 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the scrub brush of FIG. 21 during rotation of the externally threaded catheter of FIG. 22 therein;
- FIG. 24 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an externally threaded catheter and scrub brush at a point during rotation of the catheter in the foamed insert of the scrub brush;
- FIG. 25 illustrates a perspective view of a sheet of material for use in a scrub brush in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 26 illustrates a perspective view of the sheet of FIG. 25 in a rolled-up and slit configuration to define an insert of the scrub brush
- FIG. 27 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of a holder of a scrub brush including the rolled up and slit sheet of FIG. 26 disposed in a cavity of the holder, according to one embodiment
- FIG. 28 illustrates a top view of a scrub brush with a lid removed in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 29 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the scrub brush of FIG. 1 taken on the line 29—29 of FIG. 28 with a lid in place;
- FIG. 30 illustrates a top view of a modified insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 31 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the scrub brush of FIG. 30 taken on the line 31—31 of FIG. 30;
- FIG. 32 illustrates a side view of a finger of stepped profile for an insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 33 illustrates an end view of the finger of FIG. 32 taken on the line 33— 33 of FIG. 32;
- FIG. 34 illustrates a side view of a modified finger of stepped profile for an insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 35 illustrates a side view of a finger of uniform profile for an insert in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 36 illustrates an end view of the finger of FIG. 35 showing a square cross-section
- FIG. 37 illustrates an end view of the finger of uniform profile with a round cross-section
- FIG. 38 illustrates an end view of the finger of uniform profile with a trian 'g6u' lar cross- section.
- proximal refers to a direction relatively closer to a clinician using the device to be described herein
- distal refers to a direction relatively further from the clinician.
- end of a catheter placed within the body of a patient is considered a distal end of the catheter, while the catheter end remaining outside the body is a proximal end of the catheter.
- the words “including,” “has,” and “having,” as used herein, including the claims, shall have the same meaning as the word “comprising.”
- the microbial scrub brush 20 is comprised of a housing 21, a swab in the form of an insert 22 and a lid 23.
- the housing 21 is of one piece in a cup shape and is formed of a base 24 and a ring 25 integral with the base 24 to define a cavity 26 of cylindrical shape with an open end.
- the housing 21 is made by injection molding and is made of an alcohol compatible material, such as polypropylene or polyethylene, for instance.
- the cavity 26 is coaxial of the longitudinal axis of the housing 21.
- the overall dimensions of the housing 21 are such that the housing 21 may be readily handled and rotated using two or three fingers of a hand.
- the housing 21 may have an outside diameter of 0.725 inches and a length of 0.650 inches.
- the housing includes an outside diameter of about 0.75 inches and a length of about 0.90 inches.
- other housing dimensions are possible, in accordance with the nature of intended use.
- the housing 21 has a plurality of ribs 27 of the exterior surface of the ring 25 to provide a gripping surface. Any other suitable type of knurling may also be used.
- the housing 21 may also contain a plurality of ribs 28 on the interior surface of the ring 25 that extend into the cavity 26 in order to engage the insert 22 (not shown) to prevent the insert 22 from rotating within the cavity 17.
- the insert 22 may be adhesively secured against rotation within the housing 21.
- the housing 21 is provided with an indicia, for example in a form of a projecting index bar 29, on the exterior surface in order to indicate a degree of rotation of the housing 21 when in use and, particularly, the number of rotations that the brush 20 is turned during use.
- the housing 21 has an annular boss 30 at one end concentric to the cavity 26 for heat sealing of the lid 23 thereon.
- the lid 23 is a die-cut foil lid that is coated with a material that readily heat seals to the polypropylene housing 21 via the boss 30.
- the lid 23 is provided with a pull tab 31 that extends therefrom and from the housing 21 in order to facilitate manual removal of the lid 23 from the housing 21.
- the housing 21' may also be made in a two-piece construction.
- the housing 21' includes a base 24' that receives a ring 25' in a fixed relation.
- the base 24' has a shouldered annular portion 32 that receives the ring 25' in a recessed manner so that a smooth outer surface is presented by the base 24' and ring 25'.
- the ring 25' is provided with an inwardly directed lip 33 at an end opposite the base 24' in order to retain an insert 22 (not shown) therein.
- the insert 22 is a foam material, for example, of injection molded construction or the insert 22 may be die-cut from a foam sheet.
- the insert 22 is mounted in the housing 21 to be exposed to the open end of the housing 21.
- the distal end 34 of the insert 22 is flat and slightly recessed within the open end of the housing 21 and the proximal end of the insert 22 is flat and can be secured by way of a suitable adhesive onto the base 24 of the housing 21.
- the insert 22 has an outer diameter of 9/16 inch (0.5625 inches).
- the insert 22 includes an annular portion 35 and a central portion 36 with a flat end within the annular portion 35.
- the flat end of the central portion 36 may be co- planar with the end of the annular portion 35 as indicated in FIG. 7 or may be recessed within the annular portion 35 as indicated in FIGS. 4 and 8.
- the insert two portions 35, 36 are circumferentially spaced apart to define an annular gap 37 therebetween.
- the annular portion 35 has a conical inwardly directed surface 38 that provides a narrowing entrance to the gap 37 for a female luer 40 while the central portion 36 has an outer conical surface 39 that is formed with a 6% taper for engagement with the taper of the female luer 40.
- the exterior of the insert 22 may be formed to match and interlock with the internal ribs 28 of the housing 21 (see FIG. 3) to prevent rotation of the insert 22 within the housing 21.
- the insert 22 is made of a semi-closed cell, hydrophilic polyurethane medical grade foam with a moderate absorption rate.
- the foam configuration and size is such as to hold 0.5 cc of an anti-bacterial solution with no solution leak-out.
- the insert 22 is first secured within the housing 21 and then impregnated with the anti-bacterial solution. Thereafter, the lid 23 is secured to the housing 21.
- the insert 22 is sized to be used with a female luer 40 having an outer peripheral surface 41, a central passage 42 and a flange 43 about the passage 42.
- the annular portion 35 of the insert 22 is sized to envelope and wipe the outer surface 41 of the female luer 40 and the central portion 36 is sized to move into the passage 42 of the female luer 40 for wiping the passage 42.
- the lid 23 is removed to expose the insert 22 and the brush 20 is placed over the female luer 40 with the luer 40 inserted into the gap 37 between the two portions 35, 36 of the insert 22.
- the conical entrance portion 38 of the insert 22 facilitates centering of the brush 20 on the luer 40.
- the brush 20 is rotated.
- the rotation of the brush 20 causes a self- threading of the insert 22 into the passage 42 of the luer 40 until the luer 40 bottoms at the base of the gap 37 defined by the annular portion 35 and the central portion 36 of the insert 22.
- the brush 20 is rotated 360 degrees twice.
- the brush 20 can be removed by sliding the brush 20 off the luer 40 and discarded.
- the central portion 36 of the insert 22' may be provided with a rounded end or crown 44 rather than a flat surface as indicated in FIG. 8.
- the rounded crown 44 is particularly useful where the scrub brush 20 is used to clean a swabable luer having a flat end or the like (not shown).
- the peak of the crown 44 would first contact the flat end of the swabable luer in a point-to-point manner.
- the crown 44 would compress thereby compressing the central portion 36 of the insert 22'.
- a scrubbing action takes place between the surface of the now compressed central portion 36 and the luer surface.
- the insert 22" may be constructed without a gap between the annular portion 35 and central portion 36.
- the two portions 35, 36 are contiguous to each other and define a slit 45 rather than a gap for receiving a luer.
- the central portion 36 is co-extensive with the annular portion 35, i.e., the central portion 36 is not recessed, and is provided with a conically tapered surface 46 at the entrance end to the slit 45 to provide a small gap with the annular portion 35.
- the insert 22'" may be constructed with an annular gap 37 between the annular portion 35 and central portion 36 that extends for the full depth of the central portion 36 without a conical entrance portion as in FIG. 8.
- the insert 47 is die cut to form a slit 45 with the two portions 35, 36 contiguous to each other.
- the slit 45 extends from the face of the insert 47 and terminates short of the rear end of the insert 47.
- the slit 45 may extend completely through the insert 47' as shown in FIG. 13.
- the central portion 36 may be pushed relative to the annular portion 35 so as to extend beyond the annular portion 36 as shown in FIG. 14. In this latter case, the exposed rear end 48 of the central portion 36 may extend into a recess 49 formed in the base 24 of the housing 21 (see FIG. 4) and be secured therein by an adhesive.
- the housing ring 25 may be formed with a flat surface 50 that is textured in order to receive an adhesive for securing the lid 23 (see FIG. 4) in place or the lid 23 may be heat sealed in place.
- the housing 51 may be made with a polygonal outer cross-section, such as a hexagonal cross-section, to provide a plurality of contiguous flat surfaces 52 for easier gripping by the fingers of a user's hand. These surfaces 52 may be textured or roughened to facilitate gripping. Also, one or more of the flat surfaces may be provided with indicia, such as a logo of the manufacturer or the like.
- the housing 51 has a short flange 53 at the open end that is also provided to form a surface 50 for receiving a lid 23 as described above.
- the housing 51 has a cavity 26 that is of a polygonal shape complementary to the outer cross-section to provide a plurality of flat walls 54.
- the cavity 26 and walls 54 are sized to receive the insert 22 in a compressed condition. That is, for a cylindrical insert 22 of 9/16 inch diameter, the oppositely disposed walls 54 are spaced apart by 0.500 inches and the oppositely disposed corners 55 formed by the walls 54 are spaced apart 0.553 inches. The insert 22 is, thus, circumferentially compressed within the cavity 26.
- the scrub brush 20 may be modified in various manners.
- the insert 22 of the scrub brush 20 may be made without a central portion 36.
- the scrub brush would be placed over the end of the device and then rotated so as to thread the scrub brush onto the end of the device for disinfecting purposes.
- having the insert mounted in the housing in a circumferentially compressed manner would facilitate the disinfecting action of the scrub brush on the device.
- Embodiments of the invention thus provide a device that is easily handled and that is able to disinfect a female luer in an easy manner. Further, embodiments of the invention provide a device that is able to disinfect the interior of a female luer. This is a particular advantage over a cloth type wipe that cannot be readily inserted into the passage of a female luer.
- Embodiments of the invention further provide an insert that is impregnated with an anti-bacterial solution for decontamination of a luer site that is contained in a sterile condition until ready for use and that can be readily manipulated when in use.
- FIGS. 19-27 depict further details regarding a microbial scrubbing device in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. As many of the features described above may be included in the scrubbing devices to be discussed below, only selected features are included in the following discussion. As such, the following discussion should not be intended to limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.
- the foamed plastic insert 110 includes a cubic shape.
- the insert 110 is digitated, i.e., is cross-cut with slits 111 in each of two perpendicular directions to form separate parallel fingers 112 of rectangular cross- sectional shape.
- the slits 111 extend downwardly a major fraction of the height of the insert 110, e.g., about 3 A of the height of the insert 110 so that the fingers 112 extend integrally and upwardly from a common base 113 of rectangular cross-sectional shape.
- the slits 111 are spaced apart to define a 4-by-4 grid of fingers 112.
- the foam insert 110 includes a length of 5/8 inch, a width of 5/8 inch and a height of 3 A inch. Note, however, that the length of the fingers as well as the size and shape of the foamed insert can vary from what is explicitly described herein. For instance, instead of including a square cross-sectional shape, the fingers in one embodiment can include a triangular, round or other polygonal shape, as seen further below.
- the insert 110 includes a semi-closed cell, hydrophilic polyurethane medical grade foam in the present embodiment.
- the insert 110 includes a low density, closed cell polyethylene foam.
- Characteristics of a suitable material include sufficient deformability, ability to retain a cleansing substance such as an antibacterial solution, suitable resistance to tearing or separation, and stability in the presence of the cleansing substance.
- a closed cell material including sufficient surface tension to suspend the cleansing substance on the surface of the fingers can be employed.
- various other materials can be employed to form the insert.
- these include low durometer, medical grade elastomers and foams that exhibit the desired characteristics described above.
- Further non-limiting examples include polyurethane including closed/semi-closed/open cell polyurethane foam, silicone including silicone rubber and closed/semi-closed/open cell silicone foam, polyethylene, polypropylene, and a thermoplastic elastomer including rubber and polypropylene sold under the name SANTOPRENE.
- the insert can include two or more materials included together to provide different regions with differing scrubbing characteristics, e.g., differing abrasive characteristics. These and other modifications to the insert are therefore contemplated.
- the foamed insert may have slits 111 that define a different number of fingers 112, i.e., a 3-by-3 grid of fingers 112 in the insert 110', or a 5-by-5 grid of fingers 112 in the insert 110".
- any suitable number of fingers 112 may be formed in an insert 110 with the spacing of the slits 111 being adapted to the number and/or size of the fingers 112 desired for the insert 110 and the use to which the insert 110 is to be subjected. It is further appreciated that the shape and size of the insert can vary according to shape, size, and number of fingers included therewith.
- the insert 110 is placed in a holder 114 of hexagonal cross-sectional shape to form a scrub brush 115 similar to the scrub brush described in previous embodiments further above.
- the holder 114 is sized with the opposite interior walls (flats) spaced Vi inch apart so that the insert 110 is compressed, particularly at the corners, when fitted into the cavity of the holder 114 as indicated in FIG. 21.
- a suitable hot melt glue or other suitable adhesive may be used to adhere the insert 110 to the bottom of the holder 114.
- other suitable methods can be employed to secure the insert 110 to the holder 114, including mechanical fixation for instance.
- the compression provided by the holder once the insert is inserted therein is sufficient to maintain the insert in position within the holder.
- the cavity of the holder 114 includes a depth suitable to receive the insert 110 in a recessed manner. So disposed within the holder 114, the insert 110 in the present embodiment substantially fills the cavity of the holder. In other embodiments, the insert can be sized so as to fill the holder cavity to depths different from that shown here.
- the insert 110 when disposed in the cavity of the holder 114, substantially occupies a cross-sectional area of the cavity, as best seen in FIG. 21. This enables the fingers to be disposed across a cross-sectional area sufficient to clean both exterior and interior surfaces of a portion of a medical device inserted into the holder 114. It is appreciated that the holder and the cavity it defines can assume other shapes, including square, round, etc. Indeed, the holder, its cavity, and the insert disposed therein can be configured in shape and size so as to enable the scrub brush 115, as a scrubbing device, to cleanse a particular size and configuration of a medical device.
- a cleansing substance such as a solution of a suitable microbialcide or germicide
- the cleansing substance can include an anti-bacterial disinfectant of any suitable type and suitable amount depending upon the size of the insert of foam material.
- chlorhexidine solution, "CHG” chlorhexidine solution
- a solution including about 0.50 cc is employed.
- a solution including about 70 percent (70%) isopropyl alcohol ("IPA") in an aqueous solution is included in the cleansing substance.
- IPA isopropyl alcohol
- a solution including about 70 percent (70%) IPA and about two percent (2%) CHG in an aqueous solution in an amount of about 0.2 ml is included in the cleansing substance.
- concentration of IPA can vary from about 60 percent (60%) to about 90 percent (90%) and the concentration of CHG can vary from about one percent (1%) to about five percent (5%), in one embodiment.
- desired characteristics for the cleansing substance include a solution including suitable surface tension so as to be retained by the fingers and enable cleansing contact with the medical device portion to be cleansed.
- the holder 114 includes an annular lip 116 around the tip edge to define a land for receiving a sealing membrane (not shown) that seals the interior of the holder 114 and the solution-impregnated insert 110 therein against contamination from the outside environment until the scrub brush 115 is to be used.
- the scrub brush 115 may be provided with the cleansing substance, including a microbialcide or germicide for instance, at the point and time of use by injecting or otherwise introducing the cleansing substance or germicide after the sealing membrane has been removed from the holder 114.
- use of the scrub brush 115 as a scrubbing device proceeds as follows: after removal of the sealing membrane by a user, the object to be cleaned, e.g., a portion of an externally threaded hollow catheter 117, or a female type luer connector, is inserted by the user into the foamed insert 110. At this time, as indicated in FIG.
- the fingers 112 of the insert 110 directly under the surfaces of the inserted portion of the catheter 117 are depressed into the holder 114, the fingers located outside the periphery of the catheter remain upright and lay against the outer peripheral surface of the catheter portion, and the fingers located directly under the lumen (bore) of the catheter pass into the lumen.
- the separate reactions of the fingers 112 are facilitated by the fingers 112 being formed in a digitated manner to be separated from each other as described above.
- the holder 114 is rotated relative to the catheter portion.
- the user may hold the catheter 117 stationary while rotating the scrub brush 115 or vice versa.
- the scrub brush 115 is rotated a sufficient number of times relative to the catheter 117 to sufficiently kill any bacteria the solution-impregnated foam insert 110 comes in contact with and/or to remove any biofilm from the outside peripheral surface and external thread as well as the inside surface of the lumen (bore) of the catheter 117, for example as described in US Patent Application Serial No. 12/079,965, filed March 31, 2008, which application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- both exterior surfaces and interior luminal surfaces of the portion of the catheter 117 are scrubbed by the respective fingers 112 of the insert 110, causing the cleansing substance carried by the fingers to disinfect the surfaces and remove any biofilm disposed thereon.
- a series of from about six to about ten rotations of the scrub brush 115 relative to the catheter 117 is suitable for cleansing the aforementioned surfaces. In other embodiments, other numbers of rotations are possible.
- a back-and-forth twisting motion is employed to scrub the fingers against the medical device portion being cleansed. In the latter case, a series of eight back-and-forth twists is employed, according to one embodiment, though other numbers of twists or uni-directional/multi- directional motions are, of course, possible.
- the medical device such as a male or female luer, standard or needleless connector, or other object to be inserted in the scrub brush 115, may have any suitable peripheral shape or contour for its exterior surface, as well as any suitable interior luminal surface or lumen 118.
- the lumen 118 may be of conically tapered shape, as illustrated, or may be of uniform diameter. In another embodiment, no interior luminal surface is included.
- FIGS. 25-27 depict various details regarding a scrubbing device including an insert configured according to one embodiment.
- a sheet 200 of suitable material shown in FIG. 25 is rolled into a rolled-up configuration, as shown in FIG 26, to define an insert 210.
- a plurality of slits 211 is cut into the rolled sheet 200 a predetermined distance to define a plurality of fingers 212.
- the rolled-up insert 210 can be inserted into the cavity of the holder 114 of the scrub brush 115, with a suitable cleansing substance added thereto.
- the sheet 200 can include any one of a variety of suitable materials, including polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam, polyester, or other suitable natural or synthetic materials. Further, the material defining the sheet 200 can include a homogeneous, woven, knit, fibrous, or non-woven configuration, among others. In the case of fibrous materials, the fibers of the material are aligned parallel with the slits in one embodiment in order to impart suitable tear resistance to the fingers.
- FIGS. 28 and 29 depict a scrub brush 310 according to one embodiment, including a hexagonally shaped holder 311, similar to previous embodiments.
- a swab, or insert 312 includes a generally cylindrical body with a flat base 315 and an outer cylindrical wall 316 extending therefrom.
- the wall 316 of the insert 312 defines a chamber in which are disposed a plurality of centrally disposed fingers 317 extending upwardly from the insert base 315, best seen in FIG. 29.
- a plurality of wipers 318 extend radially inward into the chamber from the insert wall 316.
- the insert 312 can be secured to the interior of the holder 311 via an adhesive to bind the insert base to the bottom of the holder cavity, or via another suitable fixation.
- the holder and cleansing insert are integrally formed as a single unit.
- the insert 312 includes silicone, such as a medical grade silicone rubber, or from another suitable material as described further above.
- the insert 312 in one embodiment is integrally formed of silicone via an injection molded process. Silicone provides a suitable material for the insert in that it is sufficiently strong, compliant, non-shedding, stable in the presence of a cleansing solution, and provides a suitable surface for retention of the cleansing solution. Of course, other suitable processes and materials can be used to form the insert.
- the fingers and/or wipers can be formed separately from the base and later attached thereto to define the insert.
- the fingers 317 are centered about a longitudinal axis of the insert 312 in a square three-by- three grid, while four pairs of wipers 318 are equidistantly spaced about the inner circumference of the insert wall 316. So positioned, each wiper 318 extends into a space adjacent the fingers 317 proximate thereto. This in turn enables the wipers 318 to compliantly engage the exterior portion of a connector or other device inserted into the cavity of the holder 311 for cleansing, while the fingers 317 compliantly engage and cleanse an interior portion of the connector/device.
- the insert fingers 317 are biased against inside surfaces of the connector to effect a wiping action when the scrub brush is rotated relative to the connector, while the wipers 318 are biased against the exterior surfaces of the connector to effect an external wiping action, which enables the cleansing solution to contact the surfaces and kill any bacteria/microbes thereon.
- the insert 312 is sized to permit, for example, a female luer connector to be inserted a sufficient distance into the cavity of the scrub brush holder 311 to engage the fingers 317 and wipers 318 of the insert and provide for cleansing of the inside and outside surfaces thereof, including any threads of the luer connector, when the scrub brush and luer connector are rotated relative to one another.
- each finger 317 includes a circular cross- section and extends from the insert base 315 to a top plane of the insert 312.
- Each wiper 318 includes a rectangular cross-section and also extends from the base 315 to the top plane of the insert 312.
- FIGS. 30 and 31 depict the insert 312 according to one embodiment, wherein the four equidistantly placed pairs of wipers 318 are each replaced with a single wiper 318.
- each wiper 318 in FIG. 30 defines a stepped configuration, including a thick section 319 adjacent the insert wall 316, and a thin section 320 radially inward of the thick section. So configured, each wiper 318 extends proximate to a respective one of the fingers 317. It is appreciated that the wipers can be offset or rotated in position about the circumference of the wall of the insert.
- FIGS. 32-38 give non-limiting examples of this.
- FIGS. 32 and 33 show that one or more of the fingers 317 in one embodiment can define a stepped profile with a circular cross-section, wherein approximately half of the finger is of a relatively larger diameter than the remaining half.
- FIG. 34 shows a variation of the above stepped profile, wherein approximately three-fourths of the length of the finger 317 is of a relatively larger diameter than the remaining one-quarter of the finger length.
- FIGS. 35-38 show additional and non-limiting variations of possible finger configurations.
- FIGS. 35 and 36 show that the finger 317 in one embodiment defines a uniform profile with a square cross-section
- Other cross-sectional shapes are also possible.
- the scrub brush can be configured in any one of a variety of sizes.
- the scrub brush can include a holder sized to contain up to about 0.75 cc of a cleansing solution detailed above, for instance, such that at least one-half of the solution adheres to the surfaces of the insert.
- the wipers can extend radially outward or inward from a relatively smaller diameter wall than the wall 316 (FIGS. 28, 30) or other suitable structure of the cleansing insert.
- the wipers can extend laterally with respect to the longitudinal axis of the insert, instead of vertically as depicted in the accompanying figures.
- scrub brush described herein can be modified to cleanse other devices and components not explicitly discussed herein, such as ear/nose probes, ultrasound probes, and non-medical devices where simple cleansing is desired.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Brushes (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201080041481.0A CN102497939B (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2010-08-20 | Insert for a microbial scrubbing device |
JP2012525711A JP2013502317A (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2010-08-20 | Insert for microbial cleaning equipment |
BR112012003845A BR112012003845A2 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2010-08-20 | insert for a microbial washer |
MX2012002060A MX2012002060A (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2010-08-20 | Insert for a microbial scrubbing device. |
IN1317DEN2012 IN2012DN01317A (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2010-08-20 | |
EP10810635.2A EP2467217A4 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2010-08-20 | Insert for a microbial scrubbing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US27473909P | 2009-08-20 | 2009-08-20 | |
US61/274,739 | 2009-08-20 | ||
US12/752,744 | 2010-04-01 | ||
US12/752,744 US8336151B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2010-04-01 | Microbial scrubbing device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011022601A1 true WO2011022601A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
Family
ID=43607336
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2010/046096 WO2011022601A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2010-08-20 | Insert for a microbial scrubbing device |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2467217A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2013502317A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20120065357A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102497939B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112012003845A2 (en) |
IN (1) | IN2012DN01317A (en) |
MX (1) | MX2012002060A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011022601A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8065773B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2011-11-29 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Microbial scrub brush |
US8069523B2 (en) | 2008-10-02 | 2011-12-06 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Site scrub brush |
US8336151B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2012-12-25 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Microbial scrubbing device |
US8336152B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2012-12-25 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Insert for a microbial scrubbing device |
US8696820B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2014-04-15 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of removing a biofilm from a surface |
CN103957988A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2014-07-30 | 希普罗特克有限公司 | Port and surface cleaning devices and techniques |
US9192449B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2015-11-24 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Medical component scrubbing device with detachable cap |
EP2934604A4 (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2016-11-16 | George Frey | Apparatus and method for collecting reusable material and cleaning surgical instruments |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7070601B2 (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-05-18 | 株式会社ジェイ・エム・エス | Wiping tip |
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US20060030827A1 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-02-09 | Medical Components, Inc. | Luer cleaner |
US20070112333A1 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2007-05-17 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Patient fluid line access valve antimicrobial cap/cleaner |
US20080235888A1 (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2008-10-02 | Vaillancourt Michael J | Microbial scrub brush |
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US6708363B2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2004-03-23 | L. Chris Larsen | Infant pacifier cleaning container |
US8069523B2 (en) * | 2008-10-02 | 2011-12-06 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Site scrub brush |
BRPI1013679A2 (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2017-05-16 | Bard Inc C R | debugging device for cleaning a portion of a medical device, and method for cleaning a portion of a medical device |
-
2010
- 2010-08-20 MX MX2012002060A patent/MX2012002060A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2010-08-20 CN CN201080041481.0A patent/CN102497939B/en active Active
- 2010-08-20 KR KR1020127007020A patent/KR20120065357A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-08-20 BR BR112012003845A patent/BR112012003845A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-08-20 JP JP2012525711A patent/JP2013502317A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-08-20 IN IN1317DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN01317A/en unknown
- 2010-08-20 WO PCT/US2010/046096 patent/WO2011022601A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-08-20 EP EP10810635.2A patent/EP2467217A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
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US20060030827A1 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-02-09 | Medical Components, Inc. | Luer cleaner |
US20070112333A1 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2007-05-17 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Patient fluid line access valve antimicrobial cap/cleaner |
US20080235888A1 (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2008-10-02 | Vaillancourt Michael J | Microbial scrub brush |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9352140B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2016-05-31 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Medical component scrubbing device with detachable cap |
US9192449B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2015-11-24 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Medical component scrubbing device with detachable cap |
US8336151B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2012-12-25 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Microbial scrubbing device |
US8336152B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2012-12-25 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Insert for a microbial scrubbing device |
US8671496B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2014-03-18 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Insert for a microbial scrubbing device |
US8065773B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2011-11-29 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Microbial scrub brush |
US9186707B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2015-11-17 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Insert for a microbial scrubbing device |
US8696820B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2014-04-15 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of removing a biofilm from a surface |
US8069523B2 (en) | 2008-10-02 | 2011-12-06 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Site scrub brush |
CN103957988A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2014-07-30 | 希普罗特克有限公司 | Port and surface cleaning devices and techniques |
US10207098B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2019-02-19 | Hyprotek, Inc. | Catheter devices and techniques |
US10238856B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2019-03-26 | Hyprotek, Inc. | Port and surface cleaning devices and techniques |
US10894153B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2021-01-19 | Hyprotek, Inc. | Port and surface cleaning devices and techniques |
US10905869B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2021-02-02 | Hyprotek, Inc. | Antimicrobial composition including a residual barrier film |
EP2934604A4 (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2016-11-16 | George Frey | Apparatus and method for collecting reusable material and cleaning surgical instruments |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IN2012DN01317A (en) | 2015-06-05 |
EP2467217A4 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
KR20120065357A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
MX2012002060A (en) | 2012-04-19 |
BR112012003845A2 (en) | 2016-03-22 |
JP2013502317A (en) | 2013-01-24 |
CN102497939A (en) | 2012-06-13 |
CN102497939B (en) | 2015-07-22 |
EP2467217A1 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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