WO2011005066A2

WO2011005066A2 - Hybrid multimodal fishery built into small pelagic areas

Info

Publication number: WO2011005066A2
Application number: PCT/MA2010/000007
Authority: WO
Original assignee: Halieurop Sa
Priority date: 2009-03-17
Filing date: 2010-03-15
Publication date: 2011-01-13
Also published as: MA31733B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a catamaran (1), the propulsion systems (2) of which are positioned on the outer surfaces of shells (3) enabling the propellers of a rotary seine to be disengaged, forming a bag in which the fish is trapped (4) and wedging the former into the rear tunnel. Flat bridge traps (5) enable the power unit (6) positioned on a gantry crane (7) to exert a vertical force on the seine, which is closed by means of winches (8). This configuration enables work to continue despite the presence of waves (9), the fishing rigging not negatively affecting the stability of the ship, the fish (10) being discharged using a pump or a brail net onto a net receptacle (11) placed above a hopper (12) that receives a set of sieves or grates (13) enabling juveniles and seawater to be returned to the sea, the fish then being placed in refrigerated vats (14) of seawater to bring the temperature of the fish down quickly and from which the fish is extracted by conveyor belts (15) and then deposited on processing lines (16) enabling pre-evaluation to be undertaken, which comprises sorting by species and size as well as packing (17), nobbing (18) or freezing (19), the fish thus sorted, sized and processed being moved to positive or negative cold airlocks (20) in which the fish is subjected to the final phases of packaging and operation and quantity and quality control before being loaded into standardized insulated or refrigerated containers (21) onboard which the rotary seine is placed and temporarily stored (22). Once the catch has been loaded, the traps (23) are closed back up and the seine is lifted onto the rear bridge, ready to be drawn (24) for the next fishing action. Propulsion is provided by four thick sails having the shape and profile of airplane wings (25) which, by means of wind forces, move the ship, which generates water flows causing underwater generators (26), which are concentric with the propulsion system and comprise a shaft line (27) with a helix, at the perimeter of which a pipe (28) is located having stator functions surrounded by the rotor (29), to which are rigidly to rotor blades (30) which, set in rotation by the forward motion of the ship, generate a continuous electrical current powering electric motor batteries (31) for driving the propulsion helixes and refrigeration units of the containers that are loaded and unloaded using cranes (32). The drop in temperature of the containers and maintaining the temperature thereof are provided by the combined use of the energy from wind turbines (33) and from a solar panel (34) installed on land, said elements being connected to batteries (35) and to a power station (36) enabling direct current to be converted into controlled alternating current. In the event of insufficient wind or sun, electricity-generating units on land (37) and onboard (38) provide the production of electricity to maintain the temperature of the containers as well as the supply of electricity. The sails consist of sheets (39) stretched by ribs (40) supported by masts (41) and rigidly connected to a directable sprit (42), the sails having a thick aerodynamic profile (43), the curvature of which is obtained using rudder bars (44) arranged at each batten. The sail can have a symmetrical profile, in which case the exerted aerodynamic forces (45) and (46) cancel each other out or are unsymmetrical and in which case the force on the lower surface (47) is higher than that generated by the upper surface (48), as a result propelling the ship in conjunction with the hydrodynamic effects of the hull. In the absence of wind, electricity production is provided by solar collectors assembled by panels (49) supported at the base thereof by the sprit (42) and retracted into the body of the sail. Lowering the sail reveals the collectors, the planar surfaces of which can be exposed orthogonally to the sun (50) by the rotating masts (51) and by the angle of the panels (52) hinged onto the sprit (42), the amplitude being adjusted by cables (53) that rise to the masthead (54) and descend back down the legs of the mast (55).

Description

Multi-modal hybrid fishery integrated with small pelagic species

The present invention relates to a hybrid multimodal fishery integrated with small pelagic fishes exploiting at sea capture purse seine and purse seine catamarans using several distinct and renewable sources of energy.

The catches are pre-valorised on board and then packaged in on-board refrigerated removable structures that can be transported by various types of maritime, land or air vehicles. These embedded removable structures are fed when they are on the platform of the fishery in electric current using renewable energy such as wind and sun.

The use of the fishing gear, called purse seine and purse seine, is mainly intended for catching small pelagic species at sea, such as sardines, mackerel, anchovies and horse mackerel. The technique of the seine is based on a net dragged by the boat. It is floating in its upper part and sealed at the base. As soon as the fish is spotted, the boat quickly circles the bank with the net.

Once looped, the spinning net must be closed at the bottom. To close it, the boat pulls on the slide that is locked in rings at the bottom of the net. Sliding inside the rings, the rope gradually closes the base. The net then forms a pocket in which the fish is trapped and from which it can only come out from above.

The pocket thus formed by the seine is approached from the boat on one edge, which poses problems of stability because the ship is not maneuvering and can not cease strongly. The fishermen then go into action and proceed to "salabardage" which consists of taking the fish in the seine net with a dip net to board it.

Commonly known as sardine boats, fishing vessels using purse seine are traditionally monohulls that can not undertake and carry out this fishing action safely if the sea is or becomes rough or if the swell and the wind are too strong .

Traditional sardines, and especially those exploited by emerging countries, and the vast majority of which have a wooden hull, limit the frequency of their outings to sea that the weather conditions allow them to face.

In addition, the configuration of the equipment and in particular the steerable mast having at its end the hoist device on board the seine, called "power block" and the winch maneuvering the slide and other part of the running and sleeping rigging present considerable dangers as the crew is very exposed in all phases of the fishing action and accidents can not be avoided.

As for the catches, they undergo multiple manipulations which alter their quality and in most cases they do not benefit from an adequate process of refrigeration as soon as they leave the sea water, and the means of conditioning and storage to edge does not allow to neutralize the appearance of histamine, indicating that the decomposition began.

A significant proportion of the catch is unfit for human consumption within the meaning of the criteria defined by good agribusiness practices and applicable international standards, which obliges shipowners to sell their catches at the lowest market price to factories producing flour. of fish intended primarily for animal feed.

For the proportion of catches whose quality is acceptable for human consumption, the obsolescence of the vessels and the irregularity of the landings lead to frequent breaks of load of the industrial units of canned and semi-preserved which lack of raw material in quality and quantity, which creates a socio economic problem.

Even if landed catches are on arrival at the port of acceptable quality, they must undergo a new manipulation which alters their appearance and exposes them to a temperature higher than that required to prevent the beginning of decomposition. They have to be removed from the calles or they are in bulk to box them on the platform and glaze them before loading them into a truck that will have to travel a distance of several hundred kilometers before arriving at the place of consumption. fish processing.

This state of affairs does not allow, especially in emerging countries such as Morocco for example, sustainable management and good exploitation of fisheries resources, especially small pelagics.

In addition, the fleets of purse seine vessels and the means and facilities for their transport, storage and processing use only fossil fuels and release significant quantities of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere.

The invention overcomes these disadvantages. Description

Catamaran vessel (1) capable of evolving in the coastal or offshore sea areas and of which the propulsion units (2) are positioned on the outer faces of the rear of the latter. The rear parts of the inner faces of the hulls are pinched backwards (3). This configuration, besides its efficiency hydrodynamic, makes it possible to disengage the purse seines forming a pocket in which the fish is trapped (4) and to wedge it by engaging it in the rear tunnel to extract the catches. Flat deck hatches (5) allow the power block (6) positioned on an articulated transverse frame (7) to exert a vertical force on the seine placed between the hulls at the same time as it is tacked on board. The closing of the seine is ensured by the slider actuated by winches (8) positioned on each edge, the whole of this configuration making it possible to work in front of the waves (9) so the fishing rig does not alter the transverse stability of the ship and the crew is protected. The fish (10) is extracted from the seine with a pump or a "salabarde" and poured on a perforated receptacle (11) placed above a hopper (12) able to receive a set of screens or grids (13) allowing the rejection at sea juveniles and sea water pumped with fish. The fish is then discharged by gravity into one or more chilled sea-water tanks (14) which allows the temperature to fall quickly and from which it is extracted by treadmill (15) and then deposited on lines of treatment (16) to undertake recovery. These operations may include sorting by species and size and crating (17), passage into a device allowing topping and evisceration (18) and may also include the passage in a freezing tunnel (19) . The fish sorted, calibrated and worked is moved to the front of the ship and presented at the entrance of the airlock (20). Inside the airlock which can be in positive or negative cold, the fish undergoes the last phases of conditioning and operation related to the traceability and quantity and quality controls before loading in standardized insulated or refrigerated containers (21). It is on these containers that during the boarding of the fish the purse seine is put on board is temporarily stored (22). Once the onboard catches the traps (23) are closed and the seine nestled on the rear deck ready to be spun (24) for the next fishing action. The propulsion is primarily provided by four thick sails shaped like aircraft wings (25) which, thanks to the veiling force exerted on them by the wind, enable the vessel to be translated, which generates flows of water leading to underwater generators (26). These generators have the particularity to be concentric with the propulsion unit comprising a shaft line (27) with a propeller that can be equipped with a variable pitch which reduces the drag under sail. At the perimeter of the propulsion propeller is a nozzle (28) having the stator functions including elements creating a magnetic field. The stator is surrounded by the rotor (29) which are integral blades (30) may have a variable incidence and rotated by the advancement of the ship generate a continuous electric current. This electric current feeds accumulators and electrical and electronic servitudes of the edge and in particular the electric motors (31) driving the propulsion propellers and the refrigerating units of the containers. The containers are loaded and unloaded using conventional harbor cranes or mobile cranes (32). Whether before or after embarkation, the positive or negative cold descent and maintain temperature is ensured by the combined use of energy from wind turbines (33) driven by the wind and solar panel (34) comprising photo voltaic cells installed on the container loading bay. These elements using renewable energies in the form of direct current are connected to a battery park (35) and to a power plant (36) for converting the direct current into regulated alternating current. In the case where climatic conditions reduce the strength of the wind, or there is insufficient sunshine, then shore-based (37) and on-board (38) diesel emergency generators provide the electricity required to maintain the wind. temperature of the containers and the supply of energy necessary for the operation of the ship. The wings are made of sailcloths (39) stretched by ribs flexible slats (40). They are supported by cylindrical mats (41) around which they are sent or slumped like a sheath. In foot the wing is secured to a balestron (42) for its orientation through a motorized servo. The sailcloths are shaped according to a thick aerodynamic profile (43), usually encountered on the wings of aircraft. The curvature of the sail is variable, it is obtained by acting on each edge of the sail by means of pedals (44) disposed at each batten. The sail can when the lifters are in the neutral position have a symmetrical profile, in this case the aerodynamic forces (45) and (46) exerted cancel. On the contrary, the curvature makes it possible to create a force on the intrados (47) greater than that generated by the extrados (48) and whose resultant contributes to propel the ship in conjunction with the hydrodynamic effects of the drifting planes. keels. In case of lack or absence of wind electricity production can be provided by solar collectors assembled by panels (49) supported at their base by the balestron (42) normally retracted in vertical position in the thickness of the sail . The lowering of the canopy reveals the sensors whose flat surface can be orthogonally exposed to the sun (50) by two combined movements of the rotating mats (51) and the inclination of the panels in a hinge movement ( 52) auriculée on the balestron (42), the amplitude of the latter movement being adjusted by cables (53) rising at the head mat (54) and down in feet and wound on electric reels (55).

Claims

claims

1. A catamaran vessel (1) capable of evolving in coastal or offshore maritime areas and having propulsion units (2) positioned on the outer faces of the rear of the latter. The rear parts of the inner faces of the hulls are pinched backwards (3). This configuration, in addition to its hydrodynamic efficiency, allows to release propellers the purse seine forming a pocket in which the fish is trapped (4) and stall by engaging in the rear tunnel to extract catches.

2. Device according to claims 1 characterized in that it comprises hatches flat deck (5) allow the "power block" (6) positioned on an articulated transverse gantry (7) to exert a vertical force on the purse seine between the hulls at the same time as she is tackled. The closing of the seine is ensured by the slide operated by winches (8) all of this configuration to work against the waves (9) and the fishing rig does not alter the transverse stability of the ship and the crew is protected.

3. Device characterized in that it comprises generators whose particularity to be concentric with the propulsion unit comprising a shaft line

(27) with a propeller that can be equipped with a variable pitch which reduces the drag under sail. At the perimeter of the propulsion propeller is a nozzle

(28) having the functions of a stator comprising elements creating a magnetic field. The stator is surrounded by the rotor (29) which are integral blades (30) may have a variable incidence and rotated by the advancement of the ship generate a continuous electric current. This electric current feeds accumulators and electrical and electronic servitudes of the edge and in particular the electric motors (31) driving the propeller propellers and the refrigerating units of the containers.

4. Device characterized in that it comprises wings consisting of sailcloths (39) stretched by ribs flexible slats (40). They are supported by cylindrical mats (41) around which they are sent or slumped like a sheath. In foot the wing is secured to a balestron (42) for its orientation through a motorized servo. The sailcloths are shaped according to a thick aerodynamic profile (43), usually encountered on the wings of aircraft. The curvature of the sail is variable, it is obtained by acting on each edge of the sail by means of pedals (44) disposed at each batten. The sail can when the rudders are in neutral position present a profile symmetrical, in this case the aerodynamic forces (45) and (46) exerted cancel each other out. On the contrary, the curvature makes it possible to create a force on the intrados (47) greater than that generated by the extrados (48) and whose resultant contributes to propel the ship in conjunction with the hydrodynamic effects of the drifting planes. keels.

5. Device according to claims 3 and 4 characterized in that it comprises in case of lack or absence of wind electricity production can be provided by solar collectors assembled by panels (49) supported at their base by the balestron (42) normally retracted in vertical position in the thickness of the sail. The lowering of the canopy reveals the sensors whose flat surface can be orthogonally exposed to the sun (50) by two combined motions of rotating mats (51) and the inclination of the panels in a hinge movement ( 52) auriculée on the balestron (42), the amplitude of the latter movement being adjusted by cables (53) rising at the head mat (54) and down in feet and wound on electric reels (55).

6. A hybrid multimodal fishery integrated with small pelagic fish as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises catamaran-type vessels which can use as a principal means of propulsion thick sails with profile shapes similar to aircraft wings (25). ) which, thanks to the vane force exerted on them by the wind, enables the translation of the ship, which generates streams of water that produce underwater generators (26), the fish (10) captured by these vessels is extracted from the seine rotating with a pump or a "salabarde" and poured on a perforated receptacle (11) placed above a hopper (12) able to receive a set of sieves or grids (13) allowing the rejection at sea of the juveniles and the sea water pumped with fish. The fish is then discharged by gravity into one or more chilled sea-water tanks (14) which allows the temperature to fall quickly and from which it is extracted by treadmill (15) and then deposited on lines of treatment (16) to undertake the pre-valuation, these operations may include sorting by species and size and crating (17), the passage into a device for topping and evisceration (18) and may also include the passage in a freezing tunnel (19), the fish sorted, calibrated and worked is moved to the front of the ship and presented to the entry of locks (20) may be in positive or negative cold and to inside which the fish undergoes the last phases of conditioning and operation related to the traceability and checks of quantity and quality before loading in standardized isothermal or refrigerated containers (21) on which the neck rs of seine fish boarding rotating can be put on board is temporarily stored (22) and once the onboard catches the hatches (23) are closed and the seine coiled on the rear deck ready to be spun (24) for the next fishing action and the containers are loaded and unloaded using conventional harbor cranes or mobile cranes (32) and whether before or after embarkation, descents in positive or negative cold and keep in temperature can be ensured are ensured by the combined use energy from wind-driven wind turbines (33) and / or solar panel (34) having photo voltaic cells installed on the container storage bay, which elements using renewable energies in the form of direct current can connected to an accumulator park (35) and / or to a power plant (36) for converting the direct current into regulated alternating current and in the case where climatic conditions reduce the strength of the wind, or there is insufficient sunshine, then shore-based (37) and on-board (38) diesel emergency generators can provide the necessary electricity for maintaining the temperature of the containers and supplying the energy necessary for the operation of the vessel.