WO2010149979A2 - Automatic power cut-off system - Google Patents

Automatic power cut-off system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010149979A2
WO2010149979A2 PCT/GB2010/001250 GB2010001250W WO2010149979A2 WO 2010149979 A2 WO2010149979 A2 WO 2010149979A2 GB 2010001250 W GB2010001250 W GB 2010001250W WO 2010149979 A2 WO2010149979 A2 WO 2010149979A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
search area
killswitch
sensor
controller
operator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2010/001250
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2010149979A3 (en
Inventor
Jonathan Boys
David Matthew Smart
Original Assignee
Jbt Marine Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jbt Marine Limited filed Critical Jbt Marine Limited
Publication of WO2010149979A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010149979A2/en
Publication of WO2010149979A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010149979A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/0005—Life-saving in water by means of alarm devices for persons falling into the water, e.g. by signalling, by controlling the propulsion or manoeuvring means of the boat
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
    • G01S15/04—Systems determining presence of a target
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
    • B60K28/02—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver
    • B60K28/04—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver responsive to presence or absence of the driver, e.g. to weight or lack thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/0005—Life-saving in water by means of alarm devices for persons falling into the water, e.g. by signalling, by controlling the propulsion or manoeuvring means of the boat
    • B63C9/0011—Life-saving in water by means of alarm devices for persons falling into the water, e.g. by signalling, by controlling the propulsion or manoeuvring means of the boat enabling persons in the water to control the propulsion or manoeuvring means of the boat

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

An ultrasonic killswitch system for an operator- controlled powered apparatus includes ultrasonic sensor units (110) for scanning a search area to detect the presence or absence of objects in the search area. A controller is programmed to generate a killswitch signal in response to a reading or signal from said sensor units indicative of the absence of an operator (102) within the search area, for automatically cutting off power for powered operation of the apparatus. A calibration mode uses multiple scanning operations to identify permanent and non-permanent objects within the search area, by creating a virtual map of reflective responses to ultrasonic pulses from the sensor units. Each sensor unit has a piezoelectric transmitter and a piezoelectric receiver and a single input/output cable for communication with the controller.

Description

Automatic power cut-off system
The present invention relates to a power cut-off system, more particularly, but not exclusively to a killswitch system for a vehicle or machine, e.g. for automatically cutting power to the motor or engine of a water craft. More generally, the invention relates to an operator detection system.
It is common for a powered boat to include a killswitch by means of which the boat's engine can be cut and the vessel immobilised in the event that the operator loses control of the vehicle or is thrown overboard. Typically, the operator will be connected to the killswitch by a tether or "kill cord" (e.g. attached to the operator's body or life jacket). In the event that the operator is thrown overboard, the tether will pull on or disconnect from the killswitch and thereby activate the power cut-off function and shut down the boat's engine.
Conventional killswitch systems of the kind referred to above rely on the operator wearing the tether at all times when controlling the vehicle, as well as appropriate connection between the tether and the killswitch etc.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kill switch system which addresses these issues.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a killswitch system for an operator-controlled powered apparatus (e.g. an apparatus having a location at which the presence of an operator is preferred), the system including a sensor for scanning a search area to detect the presence or absence of objects in the search area, and a controller programmed to generate a killswitch signal in response to a predetermined reading or signal from said sensor indicative of the absence of an operator within the search area, for automatically cutting off power for powered operation of the apparatus. In preferred embodiments, the use of a sensor for monitoring the normal position of the pilot at the controls of a powered boat overcomes the need for a conventional tether system, and the controller provides for automatic and tetherless activation of a killswitch circuit.
In preferred embodiments, the killswitch system utilises an ultrasonic detection system to scan the search area, as opposed to light or motion sensors, e.g. of the kind common in burglar alarm systems.
Preferably, the system includes an ultrasonic sensor unit having a piezoelectric transmitter, and a piezoelectric receiver which is mounted away from the piezoelectric transmitter, e.g. with the piezoelectric transmitter and piezoelectric receiver located in separate housings.
Preferably, the sensor unit includes a trigger or driver circuit for ultrasonic activation of the piezoelectric transmitter in response to a trigger signal from the controller, and an amplifier circuit for enhancing ultrasonic readings detected by the piezoelectric receiver to provide a return signal to the controller.
Preferably, the sensor unit includes a single input/output cable for communication with the controller.
The system is preferably configured to run a calibration mode in order to define the predetermined reading from the sensor required to generate the killswitch signal. Preferably, the system is configured to run a calibration mode which involves multiple scanning operations intended to identify permanent objects within the search area (e.g. the steering or seat wheel of a vehicle), and so enable the presence of non-permanent objects (e.g. the driver or pilot of the vehicle) to be identified during normal use. More preferably, the controller is programmed to operate a normal working mode in which sensor readings are compared against readings from the calibration mode, in order to determine whether an operator is present in the search area during normal use. The calibration mode preferably includes a calibration protocol wherein at least one scanning operation is conducted with an operator present in the search area and wherein at least one scanning operation is conducted without an operator present in the search area.
Another aspect of the invention provides a powered water craft including a control station at which the presence of a pilot is preferred to control operation of the water craft, the water craft further including a tetherless killswitch system configured to provide automatic power cut off for the water craft, the killswitch system having a sensor arranged to scan a search area for monitoring the presence of a pilot at the control station, the killswitch system further having a controller in communication with the sensor, wherein the controller is programmed to generate a killswitch signal in response to a signal or reading from said sensor indicative of the absence of a pilot in the search area, for automatically cutting off power for the powered movement of the water craft.
The killswitch system preferably includes a calibration routine for identifying permanent and non-permanent objects within the search area, to prevent incoorect generation of the killswitch signal.
A further aspect of the invention provides an operator detection system for monitoring the presence of an operator at a preferred location, the system including a sensor for scanning a search area and a controller for communication with said sensor, wherein the controller is programmed to generate an alarm signal in response to a predetermined reading or signal from said sensor indicative of the absence of a non-permanent object within the search area, wherein the system includes a calibration mode for defining the predetermined reading or signal from the sensor required to generate the alarm signal, the calibration mode including multiple scanning operations in order to recognise the presence of permanent objects within the search area and so enable the presence of non- permanent objects to be identified. Another aspect of the invention provides a killswitch system for a powered apparatus having a location at which the presence of an operator is preferred, the system including a sensor for scanning a search area and a controller for communication with said sensor, wherein the controller is programmed to generate an alarm signal in response to a predetermined reading or signal from said sensor indicative of the absence of a non- permanent object within the search area, wherein the system includes a calibration mode for defining the predetermined reading or signal from the sensor required to generate the alarm signal, the calibration mode including multiple scanning operations in order to recognise the presence of permanent objects within the search area and so enable the presence of non-permanent objects to be identified.
There is also provided a powered watercraft including the killswitch system according to the above aspect of the invention.
A still further aspect of the invention provides a calibration mode for a detection system having a sensor for monitoring a search area to determine the presence of a non- permanent object in the search area, the calibration mode including multiple scanning operations using said sensor in order to recognise the presence of permanent objects within the search area and so enable the presence of non-permanent objects to be identified.
A yet further aspect of the invention provides a detection system having a sensor for monitoring a search area to determine the presence of a non-permanent object in the search area, the detection system including a calibration mode which involves multiple scanning operations using said sensor in order to recognise the presence of permanent objects within the search area and so enable the presence of non-permanent objects to be identified.
Other aspects and preferred features of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of part of a powered boat;
Figure 2 is a schematic front view of a sensor unit for use as part of a killswitch system for a powered boat;
Figure 3 is a schematic part cross-sectional view of the sensor unit of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a schematic front view of a control panel for the watercraft of Figure 1 incorporating three sensor units;
Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating the electronic components of a preferred killswitch system for a powered boat;
Figure 6 is a graph illustrating an example of values which might be experienced during the 'operator not present' part of a calibration phase of a preferred killswitch system; and
Figure 7 is similar to Figure 6 and illustrates an example of values which might be experienced during the Operator present' part of a calibration phase of a preferred killswitch system.
An example of a cockpit or control station of a powered apparatus, in this embodiment a powered boat, is indicated generally at 100 in Figure 1. A pilot or operator 102 is preferably located on a seat 104 positioned behind a main control panel 106, which includes a steering wheel 108 by means of which the direction of the boat is intended to be controlled.
In order to overcome problems associated with conventional tether-type killswitch systems, sensors 110 are provided for monitoring the presence of the operator 102 at the control station 100. The sensors 110 form part of a tetherless killswitch system, which includes an on-board controller (not shown) configured to automatically cut off power to the boat's engine if the sensors detect that the operator is not present at the control station 100.
Figures 2 and 3 show an ultrasonic sensor unit 112 for use in the system of Figure 1. The unit 112 includes an ultrasonic transmitter 114 and an ultrasonic receiver 116. The transmitter 114 and receiver 116 are preferably located in separate housings, e.g. mounted one on top of the other. In this preferred embodiment, a piezoceramic element 118, 120 is mounted in the front face 122 of each housing, e.g. via an annular bush 124, to act as a transmitter or receiver of ultrasonic vibration.
In the preferred embodiments, a single power and return cable 126 is connected to the unit 112. Internally, the cable 126 provides a signal from an external controller (not shown), e.g. the on-board controller, to a trigger or driver circuit 128 in the transmitter housing 114, for ultrasonic activation of the piezoceramic element 118. Preferably, an amplifier circuit 130 is connected to the piezoceramic element 120 in the receiver housing 116, for enhancing ultrasonic vibrations detected by the piezoceramic element 120 in use, and for providing a return signal to the external controller, via the cable 126.
Although a single piezoceramic element can be used as a transmitter and receiver, the use of a receiver ceramic which is separate from the transmitter ceramic has been found to be advantageous, e.g. in reducing the reception of ultrasonic vibration passed internally to the piezoceramic receiver through the transmitter housing.
Figure 4 shows an example of a control panel for the control station of a powered boat. The control panel incorporates three sensor units 112 of the kind shown in Figures 2 and 3. The transmitter ceramics are directed to define a search area intended to cover the preferred operative position of an operator, e.g. the region around and including the pilot's seat. The sensor units 112 are in communication with the on-board controller (not shown), and can be used to trigger the transmitter ceramics 118. The receiver ceramics 120 will then pick up reflected ultrasonic vibrations.
A single sensor unit 112 may be preferred in certain applications.
Figure 5 provides a summary of the electronics associated with a preferred killswitch system for use with the sensor arrangement in Figure 4. The sensor units 112 communicate with a controller 130 having a killswitch output 132 to the boat's engine 134. The sensor units 112 provide signals to the controller 130 indicative of the presence of objects within the search area. A change in the return time of ultrasonic vibrations from the transmitter ceramics 118 to the receiver ceramics 120 will produce a change in the signal to the controller 130, and such changes are indicative of a change in the presence or absence of an object within the search area.
The controller 130 is preferably programmed with a calibration mode, in order to identify static objects within the search area, such as the seat 104 or steering wheel 108, and so prevent incorrect activation of the killswitch output 132.
In general terms, the calibration mode preferably includes a protocol which takes two sets of control readings - one set of readings from the or each sensor unit when the operator is present in the search area, and another set of readings when the operator is not present. These control readings are preferably stored for use during the normal working mode of the system.
For example, a value which appears on both sets of control readings is indicative of permanent objects within the search area - these can be disregarded when determining the presence or otherwise of the operator during the normal working mode of the system. A value which only appears when the operator is not present is indicative of the another person or object behind the preferred working position of the operator, and so can also be disregarded. A value which only appears when the operator is present in the search are is indicative of the operator.
The controller is preferably programmed to compare the return signals from the sensor units during the normal working mode against the stored control readings from the calibration mode, in order to determine whether or not the operator is present in the search area.
Figures 6 and 7 show examples of the outputs which might be obtained during the calibration mode, when the operator is absent and when the operator is present. Figure 6 shows the results from a scanning operation with the operator not present, wherein an ultrasonic transmission 140 from the sensor unit results in the reception of reflected ultrasonic vibrations from a permanent object in front of the intended position of the operator, e.g. the steering wheel 108. Figure 7 shows the results from a scanning operation when the operator is present, wherein the ultrasonic transmission 140 from the sensor unit results in the reception of reflected ultrasonic vibrations from a permanent object in front of the intended position of the operator, e.g. the steering wheel 108, as well as a further object, Le. the operator 102.
The calibration mode is preferably used to create a virtual map of the reflective responses to the triggered outputs from the sensor units. Mapping the search area with and without an operator in position shows what the expected responses should be when there operator is absent. The system remembers objects which should be in view whether or not the operator is present (e.g. the steering wheel), against objects which will not be seen when the operator is present (e.g. the seat back).
The calibration mode enables the killswitch system to be transferable to other vessels. Indeed, the calibration mode and sensors can be used in other applications which require the presence of an operator at a given location, such as for monitoring the presence of a driver in a vehicle or the presence of an operator at a piece of machinery or industrial plant. As such, the sensors and calibration mode define an operator detection system which may be separable from the overall killswitch system.
In preferred embodiments, the calibration protocol takes the control readings from each sensor unit in turn. Multiple readings from each sensor unit are preferably taken at both of the control stages (operator present/operator not present), e.g. between 3 and 8 readings. This enables an average set of values to be stored for each stage (wherein undue 'noise' can be filtered from the recorded values), for comparison during the normal working phase of the controller.
The calibration protocol preferably includes an initial test loop to check that the sensors are all active.
In normal use, the controller 130 is preferably programmed to activate the trigger circuits simultaneously, e.g. multiple times per second, so as to take a generally continuous set of readings from the search area. If the controller 130, upon comparison of the normal working readings with the control readings, determines that the operator is not present for more than a predetermined time period, e.g. 1-2 seconds, the controller is preferably programmed to activate the killswitch output, to cut power to the engine 134 and so immobilise the vessel. Again, multiple readings may be used to create an average reading for comparison with the control readings.
The controller may be programmed to disregard normal working readings indicative of distant objects, e.g. vibrations received after a predetermined time period, in order to minimise the amount of data under comparison.
The controller may be programmed to analyse the relative difference between the control readings and the normal working readings. If a normal working reading falls between the 'present' and 'absent' parameters defined by the control readings, the controller may designate the reading as a 'maybe' output from the sensor (instead of an 'present' or 'absent' output), to prevent a false trigger. The detection of multiple 'maybe' signals may be indicative of a problem with the system/sensor unit. The controller may be programmed to trigger the killswitch signal upon detection of a predetermined number of consecutive 'maybe' output.

Claims

Claims
1. An ultrasonic killswitch system for an operator-controlled powered apparatus having a location at which the presence of an operator is preferred, the system including an ultrasonic sensor unit configured to emit and receive ultrasonic vibrations as part of a scanning operation, for scanning a search area to detect the presence or absence of objects in the search area, and a controller in communication with said sensor, wherein the controller is programmed to generate a killswitch signal in response to a reading or signal from said sensor indicative of the absence of an operator within the search area, for automatically cutting off power for powered operation of the apparatus.
2. A killswitch system according to claim 1 wherein the system is configured to run a calibration mode which involves multiple scanning operations to identify permanent and non-permanent objects within the search area.
3. A killswitch system according to claim 2 wherein the controller is programmed to compare normal working readings or signals from the sensor against readings or signals from the calibration mode, in order to determine whether an operator is present in the search area during normal use.
4. A killswitch system according to claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the calibration mode includes a calibration protocol which requires at least one scanning operation to be conducted with an operator present in the search area and at least one scanning operation to be conducted without an operator present in the search area.
5. A killswitch system according to any of claims 2 to 4 wherein the calibration mode is used to create a virtual map of reflective responses to ultrasonic pulses from the sensor units.
6. A killswitch system according to any of claims 2 to 5 wherein the system includes multiple sensor units and the calibration protocol is programmed to take control readings from each sensor unit in turn.
7. A killswitch system according to any of claims 1 to 6 wherein the ultrasonic sensor unit has a piezoelectric transmitter and a piezoelectric receiver which is mounted away from the piezoelectric transmitter.
8. A killswitch system according to claim 7 wherein the sensor unit includes a trigger or driver circuit for ultrasonic activation of the piezoelectric transmitter in response to a trigger signal from the controller.
9. A killswitch system according to claim 7 or claim 8 wherein the sensor unit includes an amplifier circuit for enhancing ultrasonic readings detected by the piezoelectric receiver to provide a return signal to the controller.
10. A killswitch system according to any of claims 7 to 9 wherein the sensor unit includes a single input/output cable for communication with the controller.
11. A powered water craft including a control station at which the presence of a pilot is preferred to control operation of the water craft, the water craft further including a tetherless killswitch system configured to provide automatic power cut off for the water craft, the killswitch system having an ultrasonic sensor arranged to scan a search area for monitoring the presence of a pilot at the control station, the killswitch system further having a controller in communication with the sensor, wherein the controller is programmed to generate a killswitch signal in response to a signal or reading from said sensor indicative of the absence of a pilot in the search area, for automatically cutting off power for the powered movement of the water craft.
12. A powered watercraft according to claim 11, wherein the killswitch system is of the kind set forth in any of claims 1 to 10.
13. An operator detection system for monitoring the presence of an operator at a preferred location, the system including a sensor for scanning a search area and a controller for communication with said sensor, wherein the controller is programmed to generate an alarm signal in response to a predetermined reading or signal from said sensor indicative of the absence of a non-permanent object within the search area, wherein the system includes a calibration mode for defining the predetermined reading or signal from the sensor required to generate the alarm signal, the calibration mode including multiple scanning operations in order to recognise the presence of permanent objects within the search area and so enable the presence of non-permanent objects to be identified.
14. A killswitch system for a powered apparatus having a location at which the presence of an operator is preferred, the system including a sensor for scanning a search area and a controller for communication with said sensor, wherein the controller is programmed to generate an alarm signal in response to a predetermined reading or signal from said sensor indicative of the absence of a non-permanent object within the search area, wherein the system includes a calibration mode for defining the predetermined reading or signal from the sensor required to generate the alarm signal, the calibration mode including multiple scanning operations in order to recognise the presence of permanent objects within the search area and so enable the presence of non-permanent objects to be identified.
15. A calibration mode for a detection system having a sensor for monitoring a search area to determine the presence of a non-permanent object in the search area, the calibration mode including multiple scanning operations using said sensor in order to recognise the presence of permanent objects within the search area and so enable the presence of non-permanent objects to be identified.
PCT/GB2010/001250 2009-06-25 2010-06-24 Automatic power cut-off system WO2010149979A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0910990.1 2009-06-25
GB0910990.1A GB2471314B (en) 2009-06-25 2009-06-25 Killswitch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010149979A2 true WO2010149979A2 (en) 2010-12-29
WO2010149979A3 WO2010149979A3 (en) 2011-09-15

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PCT/GB2010/001250 WO2010149979A2 (en) 2009-06-25 2010-06-24 Automatic power cut-off system

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2540488A (en) 2017-01-18
GB0910990D0 (en) 2009-08-05
GB2540488B (en) 2017-07-12
GB2540489B (en) 2017-04-26
GB2471314A (en) 2010-12-29
GB201616694D0 (en) 2016-11-16
GB2540489A (en) 2017-01-18
GB2471314B (en) 2017-04-26
GB201616693D0 (en) 2016-11-16
WO2010149979A3 (en) 2011-09-15

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