WO2010072186A1

WO2010072186A1 - Method for operating a hammer

Info

Publication number: WO2010072186A1
Application number: PCT/DE2009/001534
Authority: WO
Inventors: Markus Bieg; Rainer Bopp; Michael Beloch
Original assignee: Müller Weingarten AG
Priority date: 2008-12-22
Filing date: 2009-10-29
Publication date: 2010-07-01
Also published as: CN102264488A; HUE025655T2; CN107030238B; CN102264488B; DE102008064228A1; CN107030238A; ES2553967T3; EP2373446A1; EP2373446B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a hammer (1, 2), comprising at least one ram (3) that can be driven by at least one linear motor (9, 10) and a regulating unit (13).

Description

"Method of Operating a Hammer"

The invention relates to a method for operating a hammer according to the preamble of claim 1.

From GB 1 195 694 a hammer with at least one bear drivable by at least one linear motor and a control unit is known.

It is an object of the invention to provide a method for operating a hammer, which makes it possible to operate heavy hammers with a linear motor.

This object is achieved on the basis of the features of the preamble of claim 1 and of claim 5 by the characterizing features of claim 1 and of claim 5. In the dependent claims advantageous and expedient developments are given.

The inventive method for operating a hammer provides to accelerate the bear of the linear motor before the blow, the linear motor of the control unit during the downward movement of the bear before reaching the lower turning point of the bear time-dependent and / or speed-dependent and / or path-dependent force-free is switched, wherein the position of the linear motor is followed by the control unit in the further movement of the bear and the field of the linear motor is inverted and wherein the linear motor is switched to deliver the bear in its upward movement kraftliefernd. With such a method, it is also possible to operate hammers with a barrel mass in the tonne range so that the linear motor or the components connected to it do not suffer any damage due to the abrupt reversal of motion or that the reversal of motion is technically clean. At the heart of the invention is the linear motor, even when it moves without force to follow and to invert the field early, thereby providing a sufficient time window for the hysteresis cycle available.

In particular, the invention provides, the activation or the kraftliefernd switching the inverted linear motor, which raises the bear again, perform time-dependent and / or speed-dependent and / or path-dependent and / or a time for the activation or the kraftliefernd switching the linear motor in particular the basis of measured parameters, which were measured in particular in previous hammer blows, by the control unit to predict. This makes it possible to open a maximum time window to the hysteresis cycle and to switch the linear motor as early as possible without force and to reactivate it as late as possible in the inverted state for the return stroke.

Furthermore, the inventive method provides to invert the field of the linear motor before a blow of the bear on a workpiece. This allows the linear motor to act on the bear with all its force immediately after the strike. This is especially necessary if an adhesive impact is to be prevented.

Furthermore, the method according to the invention provides to invert the field of the linear motor only after a stroke of the bear on a workpiece. This can be used in a predictable strong rebound a larger window of opportunity, since the recessed bear is taken from the linear motor from an already slightly raised position.

The method according to the invention for operating a hammer also provides, in particular, a braking and / or a retaining device and / or an additional acceleration device by the control unit as a function of a result with which the linear motor acts on the bear, and / or in response to a state of the linear motor. This makes it possible to exert a balancing effect on the work of the linear motor, for example to assist or brake it. The core of this method is to make an intervention in the work of the linear motor at an earliest possible time and in particular to increase the quality of the hammer blows and to increase the reliability of the hammer.

In particular, the invention provides for the regulation of the brake and / or the restraint device and / or the additional acceleration device depending on whether the bear is not accelerated, moved or decelerated by the linear motor as intended. By directly monitoring the effect of the linear motor on the bear, the operation of the hammer can be optimized with relatively small-dimensioned additional equipment, as early intervention in the operation. On the other hand, this allows a comparatively weak dimensioning of the linear motor, since this is supported by the additional devices if necessary.

Furthermore, the invention provides for the regulation of the braking and / or the retaining device and / or the additional acceleration device to be made in dependence on whether the bear is not held by the linear motor as intended in a defined position. As a result, in particular the security can be greatly increased.

Finally, the invention provides for the regulation of the brake and / or the retaining device and / or the additional acceleration device to be made as a function of whether the linear motor is switched off or switched off as intended. In particular, the brake and / or restraint device can make holding or braking of the bear usually with a lower energy consumption compared to the linear motor. For the purposes of the invention, a hammer is understood to mean a hammer forging plant which has a so-called simple hammer, which comprises a bear, or as a so-called counter-impact hammer, which has two oppositely movable, eg electrically and / or hydraulically coupled, bears.

In the sense of the invention, a downward movement of the bear is understood to mean a movement of the bear in which it approaches a workpiece to be machined. Under an upward movement of the bear is understood in the context of the invention, a movement of the bear, in which this moves away from a workpiece to be machined.

In the context of the invention, a position of a linear motor is understood to mean the position in which a primary part of the linear motor is at a secondary part of the linear motor.

Further details of the invention are described in the drawing with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments.

Hereby shows:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a simple hammer;

Figure 2: a schematic representation of a counterhamming hammer and

FIG. 3 shows a section through the counter-impact hammer shown in FIG.

FIG. 1 shows, in a schematic representation, a hammer 1, which is designed as a so-called simple hammer 2, which comprises a bear 3. The bear 3 is guided on a machine frame 4 and carries an upper part 5 of a forging die 6, which cooperates with a lower part 7 of the forging die 6. Here, the lower part 7 arranged on a Schabotte 8 of the hammer 1. The bear 3 is moved in the direction of arrows y and y 'by two linear motors 9, 10 arranged symmetrically with respect to its travel axis L. Each linear motor 9, 10 comprises a primary part 9a, 10a and a secondary part 9b, 10b, wherein the primary parts 9a and 10a are arranged on the machine frame 4 and the secondary parts 9b and 10b are connected to the bear 3. A position S3 of the linear motors 9, 10 and / or the bear 3 or the secondary parts 9b, 10b to the primary parts 9a, 10a is detected by a position sensor 11. On the machine frame 4, a retaining device 12 is further arranged, which in response to a result, with which the linear motors or 9, 10 act on the bear 3, and / or in dependence on a state of the or the linear motors 9, 10th is regulated by a control unit 13. The retaining device 12 is provided in particular in order to hold the bear 3 in the illustrated position S3 and thus, for example, to enable a safe replacement of the forging die 6. Above the bear 3, a braking device 14 is arranged, by means of which the bear 3 can be braked, if this is raised by the linear motors 9, 10 too far and / or too fast in the direction of arrow y. Finally, an additional acceleration device 15 is arranged between the machine frame 4 and the bear 3 as a further drive, by means of which the bear 3, for example, in its downward movement is additionally accelerated, if a deviation from the target speed in a downward movement in the direction of arrow y 'is detected.

If a hammer blow is to be performed on a workpiece 16 shown with dashed lines, the bear 3 is accelerated via at least one linear motor 9, 10 in the direction of arrow y ', wherein the control unit 13 or the linear motors 9, 10 before reaching a lower Turning point U of the bear 3 after a predetermined time and / or as a function of reaching a predetermined speed and / or as a function of covering a predetermined distance or at a predetermined waypoint switches without force. Then it will be with the Downward movement of the bear 3 further changing position of the or the linear motors 9, 10 of the control unit 13 by means of the position sensor 11 and / or by means of a direct monitoring of moving with the bear 3 secondary part 9b, 10b pursued. Finally, the field of the or the linear motors 9, 10 is reversed, wherein the or the linear motors 9, 10 are then activated to entrain the bear 3 in its upward movement again.

In FIG. 2, a further hammer 1 is shown in a schematic, partially sectioned view. This is designed as a counter-impact hammer 17 and comprises two bears 3, 18, which are coupled via a hydraulic 19 with each other in their movement in the direction of arrows y, y '. The hydraulic coupling forces the two bears 3, 18 to move in opposite directions. The bear 3 designed as an upper bear carries an upper part 5 of a forging die 6 and the bear 18 designed as a lower bear carries a corresponding lower part 7 of the forging die 6. As shown in the sectional view shown in FIG. 3, which shows a section through the hammer shown in FIG 1 according to the section line III-III shows, the bear 3 of four linear motors 9, 10, 20 and 21 is driven. These essentially comprise in each case a primary part 9a, 10a, 20a, 21a arranged on a machine frame 4 and a secondary part 9b, 10b, 20b, 21b arranged on the bar 3. Positions S3, S18 of the two bears 3, 18 are monitored by position sensors 11, 22 and to a

Control unit 13 transmitted. Like the simple hammer shown in FIG. 1, the counterhousing hammer 17 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 has a braking device 14, a retaining device 12 and a hammer

Additional accelerator 15 on. Here, the retaining device 12 comprises a first locking pin 12a, through which the bear 3 is lockable, and a second locking pin 12b, through which the bear 18 is lockable. The additional acceleration device 15 is formed by a further linear motor 15a, which acts on the bear 18 when needed. The invention is not limited to illustrated or described embodiments. Rather, it includes developments of the invention within the scope of the patent claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 hammer

2 simple hammer

3 bear

4 machine frame

5 top of 6

6 forging

7 lower part of 6

8 Schabotte

9, 10 linear motor

9a, 10a primary part of 9, 10

9b, 10b Secondary part of 9, 10

11 position sensor for 3

12 Retaining device

13 control unit

14 braking device

15 additional acceleration device

15a further linear motor

16 workpiece

17 counter-hammer

18 bear

19 hydraulics

20, 21 linear motor

20a, 21a primary part of 20, 21

20b, 21b secondary part of 20, 21

22 position sensor for 18

L travel axis

S3, S18 position of 3 resp. 18

U lower reversal point y, y 'direction of movement of 3 and 18, respectively

Claims

Claims :

1. A method for operating a hammer (1, 2, 17) with at least one by at least one linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) driven bear (3, 18) and a control unit (13), characterized in that the bear (3) is accelerated by the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) before impact, wherein the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) of the control unit (13) during the downward movement of the bear (3) before reaching the position (S3) of the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) of the control unit (13) in the further Traced movement of the bear (3) and the field of the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) is inverted and wherein the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) for driving the bear (3) in its upward movement is switched to supplying power again ,

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the force-supplying switching of the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) is time-dependent and / or speed-dependent and / or path-dependent and / or that a time for the power-supplying switching of the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21), in particular on the basis of measured parameters, in particular on the basis of parameters measured in previous hammer blows, is precalculated by the control unit (13).

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the field of the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) is inverted before a blow of the bear (3, 18) on a workpiece (16).

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the field of the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) after a stroke of the bear (3, 18) on a workpiece (16) is inverted.

5. A method for operating a hammer (1, 2, 17) with at least one by at least one linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) drivable bear (3, 18) and a control unit (13) in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a braking device (14) and / or a retaining device (12) and / or an additional acceleration device (15, 15a) by the control unit (13) in dependence on a result with which the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) acts on the bear (3, 18), and / or in response to a state of the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) is regulated.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the regulation of the braking device (14) and / or the retaining device (12) and / or the

Additional acceleration means (15, 15a) depending on whether the bear (3, 18) is not accelerated, moved or decelerated by the linear motor as intended.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the regulation of the braking device (14) and / or the retaining device (12) and / or the additional acceleration means (15, 15a) takes place in dependence on whether the bear (3, 18) of the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) is not held as intended in a defined position.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the regulation of the braking device (14) and / or the retaining device (12) and / or the

Additional acceleration means (15, 15a) depending on whether the linear motor (9, 10, 20, 21) is switched off or switched off as intended power.