WO2009110036A1 - 酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御方法及び装置 - Google Patents
酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009110036A1 WO2009110036A1 PCT/JP2008/000474 JP2008000474W WO2009110036A1 WO 2009110036 A1 WO2009110036 A1 WO 2009110036A1 JP 2008000474 W JP2008000474 W JP 2008000474W WO 2009110036 A1 WO2009110036 A1 WO 2009110036A1
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- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- supply
- amount
- oap
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
- F22B35/002—Control by recirculating flue gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
- F23L2900/07003—Controlling the inert gas supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
- F23L2900/07006—Control of the oxygen supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/10—Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an oxygen supply control method and apparatus for an oxyfuel boiler.
- Coal has a higher carbon content than natural gas and petroleum, and also contains other components such as hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur, and ash that is inorganic. And nitrogen (about 70%), and other gases such as carbon dioxide CO 2 , sulfur oxide SOx, nitrogen oxide NOx, oxygen (about 4%), and fine particles such as unburned and ash become. Therefore, exhaust gas is subjected to exhaust gas treatment such as denitration, desulfurization, and dedusting, and NOx, SOx, and fine particles are discharged from the chimney to the atmosphere so as to be below the environmental emission standard value.
- exhaust gas treatment such as denitration, desulfurization, and dedusting, and NOx, SOx, and fine particles are discharged from the chimney to the atmosphere so as to be below the environmental emission standard value.
- the NOx in the exhaust gas includes thermal NOx produced by oxidizing nitrogen in the air with oxygen and fuel NOx produced by oxidizing nitrogen in the fuel.
- thermal NOx produced by oxidizing nitrogen in the air with oxygen
- fuel NOx produced by oxidizing nitrogen in the fuel.
- a combustion method for reducing the flame temperature has been adopted for reducing thermal NOx
- a combustion method for forming an excess fuel region for reducing NOx in the combustor has been adopted for reducing fuel NOx.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2). Etc. As an effective technique for simultaneously achieving the problem of separation of carbon dioxide in exhaust gas and suppression of thermal NOx, a technique of burning fuel with oxygen instead of air has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Etc.).
- the weight ratio (A / C) of the primary air amount which is the air for conveying the pulverized coal finely pulverized by the mill and the pulverized coal amount from the mill Stable combustion is being attempted. If the A / C is too large, the flame may blow off. If the A / C is too small, stable combustion cannot be maintained due to the structure of the mill / burner system. Was set and controlled within a predetermined operating range.
- the present invention intends to provide an oxygen supply control method and apparatus for an oxyfuel boiler capable of performing stable oxyfuel combustion even if the properties of coal change.
- the present invention introduces a part of the recirculated exhaust gas into the mill as a primary recirculated exhaust gas, supplies the pulverized coal pulverized by the mill to the boiler burner by the primary recirculated exhaust gas, and recirculates the exhaust gas
- the other part of the exhaust gas is supplied to the wind box of the boiler as secondary recirculation exhaust gas
- the remainder of the exhaust gas that is recirculated is supplied to OAP as OAP recirculation exhaust gas
- part of the oxygen produced by the oxygen production device is supplied Supplying the primary recirculation exhaust gas as primary oxygen, supplying another part of the oxygen as secondary oxygen to the secondary recirculation exhaust gas, and further supplying another part of the oxygen as OAP supply oxygen to the OAP recirculation exhaust gas
- An oxygen supply control method for an oxyfuel boiler that supplies the remainder of the oxygen directly to the burner as direct supply oxygen, The relationship between the fuel ratio and / or carbon content of coal when the coal is stably burned by oxygen combustion and the ratio
- the OAP supply oxygen supplied to the OAP recirculation exhaust gas so that the unburned content in the exhaust gas is kept below the unburned matter limit value and the NOx concentration is kept below the NOx limit value. It is preferable to control the supply amount.
- the supply of secondary oxygen supplied to the secondary recirculation exhaust gas is controlled by adjusting the supply amount of primary oxygen supplied to the primary recirculation exhaust gas to stably burn the burner. It is preferable to control the flame shape of the burner by adjusting the supply ratio between the amount and the supply amount of the direct supply oxygen supplied directly to the burner.
- an operation for increasing the supply amount of primary oxygen supplied to the primary recirculation exhaust gas and the supply of OAP supply oxygen supplied to the OAP recirculation exhaust gas At least an operation for increasing the oxygen concentration in the burner by decreasing the amount, an operation for increasing the supply amount of the direct supply oxygen, and an operation for increasing the oxygen concentration in the boiler by decreasing the total amount of recirculated gas. It is preferable to do one.
- the present invention introduces a part of the exhaust gas taken out by the recirculation extraction system into the mill as a primary recirculation exhaust gas, and supplies the pulverized coal pulverized by the mill to the burner of the boiler by the primary recirculation exhaust gas.
- a secondary recirculation system for supplying another part of the exhaust gas to be recirculated as a secondary recirculation exhaust gas to a boiler wind box, and an OAP recirculation exhaust gas for the remainder of the recirculated exhaust gas
- An OAP recirculation system for supplying to the OAP, an oxygen production apparatus, a primary oxygen mixing system for supplying a part of oxygen produced by the oxygen production apparatus as primary oxygen to the primary recirculation system, and the oxygen
- a secondary oxygen mixing system for supplying other part of the oxygen as secondary oxygen to the secondary recirculation system, and an OAP oxygen for supplying another part of the oxygen as OAP supply oxygen to the OAP recirculation system Mixed system and before
- a direct oxygen supply system that directly supplies the remainder of oxygen as direct supply oxygen to the burner, a total gas amount controller provided in the recirculation extraction system, a primary oxygen controller provided in the primary oxygen mixing system, A secondary oxygen controller provided in the secondary oxygen mixing system, an OAP oxygen controller provided in the OAP oxygen mixing system
- the total gas amount and / or the direct supply oxygen so that the ratio of the direct supply oxygen to the boiler oxygen concentration and / or the total oxygen amount commensurate with the fuel ratio and / or the carbon content measured in advance by the fuel measuring means And a controller for adjusting the supply amount.
- the controller holds the unburned portion measured by the unburned portion measuring means below the unburned portion limit value and the NOx concentration measured by the NOx concentration meter below the NOx limit value. It is preferable that the supply amount of OAP supply oxygen supplied to the recirculation system is controlled by adjusting the OAP oxygen regulator.
- the controller may stably burn the burner by adjusting a primary oxygen regulator to control a supply amount of primary oxygen supplied to the primary recirculation system, and Adjusting the supply ratio of the secondary oxygen supply to the secondary recirculation system by adjusting the secondary oxygen regulator and the direct oxygen supply to the burner by adjusting the direct oxygen regulator It is preferable to control the flame shape of the burner.
- the controller may adjust the primary oxygen regulator to increase the supply amount of primary oxygen supplied to the primary recirculation system when the burner flame is unstable. Adjusting the OAP oxygen regulator to reduce the amount of OAP supply oxygen supplied to the OAP recirculation system to increase the burner oxygen concentration, and adjusting the direct supply oxygen regulator to directly supply oxygen At least one of the operation of increasing the supply amount of the boiler and the operation of increasing the oxygen concentration in the boiler by adjusting the recirculation total gas amount regulator to decrease the total amount of recirculated gas. It is preferable.
- the fuel ratio and / or carbon content of the coal and the oxygen concentration in the boiler and / or the total oxygen when the coal is stably burned by oxyfuel combustion is determined in advance, and the boiler oxygen concentration and / or the total oxygen corresponding to the fuel ratio and / or carbon content measured in advance for the coal when changing the coal type Since the total amount of gas recirculated and / or the supply amount of the direct supply oxygen is adjusted so that the ratio of the direct supply oxygen to the amount is controlled, stable oxyfuel combustion of the boiler can be achieved even if the properties of the coal change. An excellent effect of being ensured can be achieved.
- FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the controller in the Example of this invention. It is a diagram which shows the relationship between boiler carrying-in oxygen concentration and unburned part.
- A is a diagram which shows the relationship between the fuel ratio of coal and boiler oxygen concentration
- b is a diagram which shows the relationship between the fuel ratio of coal and the ratio of the direct supply oxygen with respect to the total oxygen amount.
- It is a diagram which shows the relationship between boiler carrying-in oxygen concentration and NOx concentration. It is the block diagram which showed the control method when a burner flame becomes unstable.
- FIG. 1 is an example of an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a coal bunker that stores coal, 2 is a coal feeder that cuts out coal stored in the coal bunker 1, and 3 is a finer unit of coal supplied from the coal feeder 2.
- a mill for crushing and drying 4 is an oxyfuel boiler, 5 is a wind box attached to the oxyfuel boiler 4, 6 is a burner disposed in the wind box 5 and combusting pulverized coal supplied from the mill 3, 7 is an exhaust gas line through which exhaust gas discharged from the oxyfuel boiler 4 flows, 8 is an air preheater that exchanges heat between the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas line 7, the primary recirculated exhaust gas and the secondary recirculated exhaust gas, and 9 is an air preheater 8
- Exhaust gas treatment devices such as desulfurization devices and dust collectors that process exhaust gas that has passed through the exhaust gas
- 10 is a recirculation extraction path for taking out part of the exhaust gas purified by the exhaust gas treatment device 9, and 11 is
- a primary recirculation system that preheats a part of the exhaust gas as primary recirculation exhaust gas by the air preheater 8 and leads it to the mill 3
- 14 is a primary gas regulator for adjusting the flow rate of the primary recirculation exhaust gas
- 15 is a forced air blower 11
- 16 is a secondary recirculation exhaust gas for adjusting the flow rate of the secondary recirculation exhaust gas.
- the secondary gas regulator 17 is an OAP recirculation system for introducing a part of the exhaust gas branched from the secondary recirculation system 15 to the OAP (over air port) 18 of the boiler 4, and 19 is the flow rate of the OAP recirculation gas.
- 20 recovery apparatus for recovering the CO 2 or the like incorporating the exhaust gas is purified by a gas processing device 9, 21 is induced draft fan for inducing exhaust gas is provided on the downstream side of the exhaust gas processing device 9 (IDF) , 22 is a chimney that releases the exhaust gas purified by the exhaust gas treatment device 9 and attracted by the induction fan 21 to the atmosphere.
- an oxygen production apparatus 23 for producing oxygen by taking in air is provided.
- the oxygen produced by the oxygen production apparatus 23 is provided with a secondary oxygen mixing system path 24 for supplying a part of the oxygen as secondary oxygen to the secondary recirculation system path 15.
- a secondary oxygen measuring device 25 for measuring the flow rate and a secondary oxygen adjusting device 26 for adjusting the flow rate are provided.
- the case where secondary oxygen is supplied to the secondary recirculation system 15 on the downstream side of the air preheater 8 is illustrated, but secondary oxygen is supplied to the upstream side of the air preheater 8. You may make it do.
- an OAP oxygen mixing system 27 is provided for supplying another part of the oxygen produced by the oxygen production apparatus 23 to the OAP recirculation system 17 as OAP supply oxygen, and a flow rate is supplied to the OAP oxygen mixing system 27.
- An OAP oxygen measuring device 28 for measuring and an OAP oxygen adjusting device 29 for adjusting the flow rate are provided.
- a direct oxygen supply system 30 for branching oxygen produced by the oxygen production apparatus 23 from the secondary oxygen is provided, and the direct oxygen supply system 30 adjusts the flow rate with a direct oxygen measuring device 31 that measures the flow rate.
- a direct oxygen controller 32 is provided.
- a primary oxygen mixing system path 33 is branched from the direct oxygen supply system path 30.
- the primary oxygen mixing system path 33 has a primary oxygen measuring device 34 for measuring the flow rate and primary oxygen for adjusting the flow rate.
- a regulator 35 is provided. Therefore, by adjusting the primary oxygen regulator 35, another part of the oxygen is supplied as primary oxygen to the mill 3 via the primary recirculation system 13, and the rest of the oxygen is supplied to the direct oxygen supply system. 30 is supplied to the burner 6.
- the oxygen produced by the oxygen production apparatus 23 is converted into the primary recirculation system.
- Primary oxygen to be supplied to the passage 13 secondary oxygen to be supplied to the secondary recirculation passage 15, OAP oxygen to be supplied to the OAP recirculation passage 17, and direct supply oxygen to be supplied directly to the burner 6.
- the supply ratio can be adjusted.
- reference numeral 36 denotes a total exhaust gas amount measuring device for measuring the total exhaust gas amount recirculated by the recirculation extraction system 10, which is recirculated by the total gas amount regulator 12 provided in the recirculation extraction system 10.
- the oxygen concentration in the boiler which indicates the oxygen concentration with respect to the total gas amount introduced into the boiler 4, can be arbitrarily adjusted.
- the unburned component measuring means 38 a device capable of automatically measuring unburned components can be used, but a method of measuring by manual analysis which has been generally performed conventionally can be used.
- the fuel measuring means 39 may be an apparatus capable of automatically measuring one or both of the fuel ratio and the carbon content, but a method of measuring by manual analysis that has been generally performed conventionally is used. Can do.
- the coal supplied to the coal bunker 1 is determined in advance by the fuel measuring means 39, and the fuel ratio (FR) and / or carbon content is obtained.
- the coal is oxygen-combusted in the boiler 4 and stably combusted.
- the relationship between the fuel ratio and / or the carbon content and the boiler oxygen concentration is obtained in advance by experiments. Further, the relationship between the fuel ratio and / or the carbon content and the ratio of the direct supply oxygen to the total oxygen amount is also obtained in advance by experiments.
- coal pulverized coal
- the amount of oxygen corresponding to the supply amount is supplied, and the primary recirculation exhaust gas necessary for transporting pulverized coal, the secondary recirculation exhaust gas supplied to the wind box 5, and the OAP recirculation exhaust gas supplied to the OAP 18 are adjusted.
- the total gas amount which is the sum of these recirculated exhaust gases, is adjusted by the total gas amount regulator 12, whereby stable combustion is performed in the oxyfuel boiler 4.
- the fuel ratio (FR) and / or the carbon content of the coal can be considered.
- the fuel ratio and the carbon content are used in substantially the same way in the combustion of coal. Therefore, either one or both of the fuel ratio and the carbon content may be used in the control of the present invention.
- the direct oxygen concentration in the boiler and / or the total oxygen amount from the oxygen production apparatus 23 is directly controlled. It has been found effective to control the proportion of oxygen supplied.
- the fuel ratio of coal is first measured in advance by the fuel measuring means 39, and the relationship between the fuel ratio and the oxygen concentration brought into the boiler when the coal is in a state where it is stably burned by oxygen combustion in the boiler 4. obtaining a point P 1 shown in FIG. 4 (a) and obtained by previously calculated.
- the 4 relationship approximates the relationship X 1 and X 2 shown in (b) X 1 'and the relationship X 2' Desired. Therefore, prior to control, at least one of the relations X 1 , X 1 ′, X 2 , X 2 ′ shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is measured.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a controller 40 for enabling stable oxyfuel combustion even when the properties (fuel ratio FR, carbon content) of coal change in the oxyfuel boiler of FIG.
- the controller 40 includes a total amount of recirculated gas measured by the total gas meter 36, a supply amount of primary oxygen measured by the primary oxygen meter 34, and a direct supply measured by the direct oxygen meter 31.
- the supply amount of oxygen, the supply amount of secondary oxygen measured by the secondary oxygen measuring device 25, the supply amount of OAP oxygen measured by the OAP oxygen measuring device 28, and the unburned amount measured by the unburned component measuring means 38 The minute measurement value and the NOx concentration measurement value measured by the NOx concentration meter 37 are input.
- FIG. 4 which has been previously measured as described above (a), and FIG. 4 fuel ratio of coal as shown in (b) and the boiler brought-oxygen concentration relationship X 1 and / or direct relationship X 2 between the ratio of the supply of oxygen is input.
- the controller 40 has a fuel ratio (FR) of coal that is currently combusted measured in advance by the fuel measuring means 39 and a fuel ratio (FR ′) that is measured in advance of a new coal that is to be burned next. Have been entered.
- the controller 40 further includes a control signal for adjusting the total gas regulator 12, a control signal for adjusting the OAP oxygen regulator 29, a control signal for adjusting the primary oxygen regulator 35, and a secondary oxygen regulator. 26 and a control signal for adjusting the direct oxygen regulator 32 are output.
- the unburned component limit value may be 5% or less as an actual example, but when ash is used as a cement raw material, the unburned component in ash may be limited depending on the purpose of use of ash.
- the minute limit value is set according to the situation.
- FIG. 3 shows boiler oxygen concentration or total oxygen amount in a test result of burning coal A (low FR coal slag) with a low fuel ratio and coal B (high FR coal) with a high fuel ratio by the oxyfuel boiler 4 of FIG.
- This shows the relationship between the ratio of direct supply oxygen to ash and unburned ash, and coal B (high FR coal) with a high fuel ratio is unburned compared to coal A (low FR coal) with a low fuel ratio. It can be seen that increases significantly.
- the ratio of oxygen supplied directly to the boiler oxygen concentration or the total oxygen amount is increased as O ′.
- the controller 40 includes the relationship X 1 between the coal fuel ratio and the boiler oxygen concentration at which stable combustion is obtained in advance, and / or the ratio of the direct supply oxygen to the fuel ratio and the total oxygen amount.
- the relationship X 2 is input in advance with, by entering fuel ratio measured in advance of a new coal burning boiler 4 (FR ') to controller 40, controller 40, coal If the fuel ratio (FR ′) is high, the total gas amount regulator 12 is adjusted to reduce the total gas amount to be recycled, thereby increasing the oxygen concentration in the boiler, or the direct oxygen regulator 32, The secondary oxygen regulator 26 and the primary oxygen regulator 35 are adjusted to increase the proportion of direct supply oxygen or both, and if the coal fuel ratio (FR ′) is low, the total gas regulator Total gas recirculated by 12 Decrease the oxygen concentration in the boiler by increasing it, or adjust the direct oxygen regulator 32, secondary oxygen regulator 26, primary oxygen regulator 35 to reduce the proportion of direct supply oxygen, or both To automatically control.
- the total amount of gas to be recycled is adjusted according to the fuel ratio (FR ′) of the new coal, the oxygen concentration in the boiler is appropriately adjusted, and / or the proportion of the direct supply oxygen is appropriately adjusted.
- the unburned component shown in FIG. 3 can be stably maintained at a predetermined unburned component set value S that is equal to or less than the unburned component limit value even if the coal type changes.
- the NOx concentration of the exhaust gas must be maintained below a predetermined NOx limit value.
- the NOx concentration increased with the increase of the boiler oxygen concentration or the ratio of the direct supply oxygen. It was found that it increased almost in a straight line.
- the NOx limit value is limited by the NOx concentration in the power plant or the total amount regulation, and for example, 180 ppm having an example converted into the concentration at the boiler outlet can be set as the NOx limit value.
- the controller 40 adjusts the total gas amount circulated by the total gas amount regulator 12 and / or controls to change the oxygen concentration in the boiler and / or controls to change the ratio of the direct supply oxygen.
- the OAP oxygen controller 29 is adjusted so that the unburned amount measured by the fuel measuring means 38 is less than or equal to the unburned component limit value and the NOx concentration measured by the NOx concentration meter 37 is held below the NOx limit value.
- the supply amount of OAP supply oxygen supplied to the OAP recirculation system 17 is controlled.
- the controller 40 adjusts the primary oxygen regulator 35 to control the supply amount of primary oxygen supplied to the primary recirculation system 13 so that the burner 6 is stably combusted. Yes.
- the controller 40 turns the primary oxygen regulator 35 on.
- the operation of increasing the burner oxygen concentration, the operation of increasing the boiler oxygen concentration by adjusting the total gas amount controller 12 to decrease the total gas amount to be circulated, the direct oxygen controller 32, the secondary oxygen controller At least one of the operations of increasing the proportion of the direct supply oxygen by adjusting the vessel 26 and the primary oxygen regulator 35 is performed.
- the oxygen concentration brought into the burner indicates the oxygen concentration with respect to the total gas amount introduced into the burner 6.
- the coal stored in the coal bunker 1 is first measured for fuel ratio (FR) by the fuel measuring means 39, and the coal for which the fuel ratio (FR) is measured is supplied by the coal feeder 2.
- the primary recirculated exhaust gas which is a part of the exhaust gas taken into the mill 3 from the downstream of the exhaust gas treatment device 9 by the forced air blower 11 (FDF), is pulverized into pulverized coal. Is introduced into the mill 3 by the primary recirculation system 13, and the primary recirculation exhaust gas conveys the finely pulverized pulverized coal to the burner 6 of the boiler 4 while drying the coal charged into the mill 3.
- the other part of the exhaust gas from the forced air blower 11 is supplied to the wind box 5 of the boiler 4 through the secondary recirculation system 15 as secondary recirculation exhaust gas. Further, the remaining exhaust gas taken out by the OAP recirculation system 17 branched from the secondary recirculation system 15 is supplied to the OAP 18 of the boiler 4 as the OAP recirculation gas.
- a part of the oxygen produced by the oxygen production device 23 is supplied as secondary oxygen to the secondary recirculation system 15 by the secondary oxygen mixing system 24, and the other part of the oxygen is obtained as OAP oxygen.
- the OAP oxygen mixing system 27 is supplied to the OAP recirculation system 17, and another part of the oxygen is primary recirculated by the primary oxygen mixing system 33 branched from the direct oxygen supply system 30 as primary oxygen.
- the remaining oxygen is supplied directly to the burner 6 via the direct oxygen supply system 30 as direct oxygen.
- the pulverized coal supplied to the burner 6 by the primary recirculation exhaust gas from the mill 3 is mixed with the primary recirculation gas supplied to the burner 6 with oxygen and the oxygen mixed with the primary recirculation gas.
- Combustion is performed by the next recirculation gas, OAP recirculation gas mixed with oxygen and supplied to the OAP 18, and direct supply oxygen directly supplied to the burner 6.
- the exhaust gas generated by combustion preheats the primary recirculation exhaust gas and the secondary recirculation exhaust gas by the air preheater 8, and after being processed by the exhaust gas treatment device 9, a part of the exhaust gas is recirculated as a recirculation exhaust gas.
- the air is guided to the ventilator 11 and the recovery device 20 that recovers CO 2 and the like, and the rest is attracted by an induction ventilator (IDF) and released from the chimney 22 to the atmosphere.
- IDF induction ventilator
- the oxyfuel combustion of coal by the oxyfuel boiler 4 is the supply of oxygen produced by the oxygen production device 23 so that the flame shape, boiler heat recovery, NOx concentration, unburned content, etc. by the burner 6 are maintained in a predetermined state.
- the amount is adjusted according to the supply amount of coal (pulverized coal), the primary recirculation exhaust gas necessary for conveying the pulverized coal, the secondary recirculation exhaust gas supplied to the windbox 5, the OAP recirculation supplied to the OAP 18
- Each of the exhaust gases is adjusted, and further, the total gas amount, which is the sum of these recirculated exhaust gases, is adjusted by the total gas amount regulator 12, whereby stable combustion is performed in the oxyfuel boiler 4.
- the oxygen concentration in the boiler based on the amount of oxygen supplied to the boiler 4 by the oxygen production device 23 is obtained by calculation, and the direct supply oxygen relative to the total oxygen amount is calculated. Find the percentage.
- FR ′ new coal fuel ratio
- the controller 40 changes the relationship between the fuel ratio (FR) and the oxygen concentration in the boiler and / or the ratio of the direct supply oxygen shown in FIG. 4 to X 1 and X 2 .
- the total gas amount regulator 12 is adjusted to adjust the total gas amount to be recirculated so that the ratio of the oxygen concentration in the boiler and / or the directly supplied oxygen ratio matches the fuel ratio (FR ′).
- One or both of the control of adjusting the ratio of the direct supply oxygen by adjusting the direct oxygen controller 32, the secondary oxygen controller 26, and the primary oxygen controller 35 are automatically performed.
- the total gas amount to be recirculated is adjusted to appropriately adjust the boiler oxygen concentration and / or the direct supply oxygen ratio is adjusted.
- the supply amount of the direct supply oxygen even if the coal type supplied to the boiler 4 changes, the unburned amount is stably maintained at a predetermined unburned amount set value S that is equal to or less than the unburned amount limit value. Will be able to.
- the controller 40 adjusts the total gas amount circulated by the total gas amount regulator 12 to change the oxygen concentration in the boiler, and the unburned portion measured by the unburned portion measuring means 38 is not yet measured.
- the controller 40 adjusts the primary oxygen regulator 35 to control the supply amount of primary oxygen supplied to the primary recirculation system 13 so that the burner 6 is stably burned.
- the supply amount of secondary oxygen to the secondary recirculation system 15 by adjusting the secondary oxygen regulator 26 and the supply of direct supply oxygen directly supplied to the burner 6 by adjusting the direct oxygen regulator 32 The flame shape of the burner 6 can be effectively controlled by adjusting the supply ratio with the amount. Thereby, even if the charcoal type is changed, stable combustion can be performed without causing a problem of misfire such that the burner flame blows away, and the flame shape of the burner 6 can be stably held in a predetermined shape.
- the controller 40 causes the primary oxygen regulator 35 to be turned on.
- An operation for increasing the burner oxygen concentration by decreasing the amount, an operation for increasing the boiler oxygen concentration by adjusting the total gas amount regulator 12 to reduce the total gas amount to be circulated, a direct oxygen controller 32, At least one of the operations of decreasing the supply amount of secondary oxygen and increasing the supply amount of direct oxygen by adjusting the secondary oxygen controller 26 and the primary oxygen controller 35 is performed. Thereby, even if a charcoal type changes, the stable oxyfuel combustion operation can be maintained.
- oxygen supply control method and apparatus for the oxyfuel boiler of the present invention are not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. .
- the oxyfuel boiler can stably burn in a state where the properties of the exhaust gas are controlled within the limit values.
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Abstract
Description
石炭を酸素燃焼させて安定燃焼しているときの石炭の燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量とボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合との関係を予め求めておき、石炭種の変更時に該石炭について予め計測しておいた燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量に見合うボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合になるように再循環させる全ガス量及び/又はダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を調節することからなる。
燃料計測手段により燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量を計測した石炭をボイラで酸素燃焼させて安定燃焼しているときのボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合を求めることにより、石炭の燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量とボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合との関係を予め求めて入力しておき、石炭種の変更時に該石炭について予め燃料計測手段により計測しておいた燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量に見合うボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合になるように全ガス量及び/又はダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を調節する制御器を備えたことからなる。
4 酸素燃焼ボイラ(ボイラ)
5 ウィンドボックス
6 バーナ
10 再循環取出系路
12 全ガス量調節器
13 一次再循環系路
15 二次再循環系路
17 OAP再循環系路
18 OAP(オーバーエアーポート)
23 酸素製造装置
24 二次酸素混合系路
26 二次酸素調節器
27 OAP酸素混合系路
29 OAP酸素調節器
30 ダイレクト酸素供給系路
32 ダイレクト酸素調節器
33 一次酸素混合系路
35 一次酸素調節器
37 NOx濃度計
38 未燃分計測手段
39 燃料計測手段
40 制御器
X1 燃料比とボイラ持込酸素濃度との関係
X1'炭素含有量とボイラ持込酸素濃度との関係
X2 燃料比と全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合との関係
X2' 炭素含有量と全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合との関係
Claims (12)
- 再循環される排ガスの一部を一次再循環排ガスとしてミルへ導入し、該ミルで粉砕した微粉炭を前記一次再循環排ガスによりボイラのバーナへ供給し、再循環される前記排ガスの他の一部を二次再循環排ガスとしてボイラのウィンドボックスに供給し、再循環される前記排ガスの残りをOAP再循環排ガスとしてOAPに供給し、酸素製造装置で製造した酸素の一部を一次酸素として前記一次再循環排ガスに供給し、前記酸素の他の一部を二次酸素として二次再循環排ガスに供給し、前記酸素の更に他の一部をOAP供給酸素としてOAP再循環排ガスに供給し、前記酸素の残りをダイレクト供給酸素として前記バーナに直接供給する酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御方法であって、
石炭を酸素燃焼させて安定燃焼しているときの石炭の燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量とボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合との関係を予め求めておき、石炭種の変更時に該石炭について予め計測しておいた燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量に見合うボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合になるように再循環させる全ガス量及び/又はダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を調節することからなる酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御方法。 - 排ガス中の未燃分が未燃分制限値以下で且つNOx濃度がNOx制限値以下に保持されるようにOAP再循環排ガスに供給するOAP供給酸素の供給量を制御する請求項1に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御方法。
- 一次再循環排ガスに供給する一次酸素の供給量を調節してバーナを安定燃焼させ、且つ、二次再循環排ガスに供給する二次酸素の供給量とバーナに直接供給するダイレクト供給酸素の供給量との供給割合を調節してバーナの火炎形状を制御する請求項1又は2に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御方法。
- バーナ火炎の不安定時には、一次再循環排ガスに供給する一次酸素の供給量を増加する操作と、OAP再循環排ガスに供給するOAP供給酸素の供給量を減少させることによりバーナ持込酸素濃度を高める操作と、ダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を増加させる操作と、再循環する全ガス量を減少させることによりボイラ持込酸素濃度を高める操作の、少なくとも1つを行う請求項1に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御方法。
- バーナ火炎の不安定時には、一次再循環排ガスに供給する一次酸素の供給量を増加する操作と、OAP再循環排ガスに供給するOAP供給酸素の供給量を減少させることによりバーナ持込酸素濃度を高める操作と、ダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を増加させる操作と、再循環する全ガス量を減少させることによりボイラ持込酸素濃度を高める操作の、少なくとも1つを行う請求項2に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御方法。
- バーナ火炎の不安定時には、一次再循環排ガスに供給する一次酸素の供給量を増加する操作と、OAP再循環排ガスに供給するOAP供給酸素の供給量を減少させることによりバーナ持込酸素濃度を高める操作と、ダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を増加させる操作と、再循環する全ガス量を減少させることによりボイラ持込酸素濃度を高める操作の、少なくとも1つを行う請求項3に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御方法。
- 再循環取出系路により取り出した排ガスの一部を一次再循環排ガスとしてミルへ導入し、該ミルで粉砕した微粉炭を前記一次再循環排ガスによりボイラのバーナへ供給する一次再循環系路と、再循環される前記排ガスの他の一部を二次再循環排ガスとしてボイラのウィンドボックスに供給する二次再循環系路と、再循環される前記排ガスの残りをOAP再循環排ガスとしてOAPに供給するOAP再循環系路と、酸素製造装置と、該酸素製造装置で製造した酸素の一部を一次酸素として前記一次再循環系路に供給する一次酸素混合系路と、前記酸素の他の一部を二次酸素として二次再循環系路に供給する二次酸素混合系路と、前記酸素の更に他の一部をOAP供給酸素としてOAP再循環系路に供給するOAP酸素混合系路と、前記酸素の残りをダイレクト供給酸素として前記バーナに直接供給するダイレクト酸素供給系路と、再循環取出系路に備えた全ガス量調節器と、一次酸素混合系路に備えた一次酸素調節器と、二次酸素混合系路に備えた二次酸素調節器と、OAP酸素混合系路に備えたOAP酸素調節器と、ダイレクト酸素供給系路に備えたダイレクト酸素調節器と、排ガス中の未燃分を計測して得る未燃分計測手段と、ボイラ出口の排ガスのNOx濃度を計測するNOx濃度計と、燃焼する石炭の燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量を計測する燃料計測手段と、を有する酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御装置であって、
燃料計測手段により燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量を計測した石炭をボイラで酸素燃焼させて安定燃焼しているときのボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合を求めることにより、石炭の燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量とボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合との関係を予め求めて入力しておき、石炭種の変更時に該石炭について予め燃料計測手段により計測しておいた燃料比及び/又は炭素含有量に見合うボイラ持込酸素濃度及び/又は全酸素量に対するダイレクト供給酸素の割合になるように全ガス量及び/又はダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を調節する制御器を備えたことを特徴とする酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御装置。 - 制御器は、未燃分計測手段で計測した未燃分が未燃分制限値以下で且つNOx濃度計で計測したNOx濃度がNOx制限値以下に保持されるようOAP酸素調節器を調節して再循環系路に供給するOAP供給酸素の供給量を制御する請求項7に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御装置。
- 制御器は、一次酸素調節器を調節して一次再循環系路に供給する一次酸素の供給量を制御することによりバーナを安定燃焼させ、且つ、二次酸素調節器を調節することによる二次再循環系路に対する二次酸素の供給量とダイレクト酸素調節器を調節することによるバーナに対するダイレクト供給酸素の供給量との供給割合を調節してバーナの火炎形状を制御する請求項7又は8に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御装置。
- 制御器は、バーナ火炎の不安定時に、一次酸素調節器を調節して一次再循環系路に供給する一次酸素の供給量を増加する操作と、OAP酸素調節器を調節してOAP再循環系路に供給するOAP供給酸素の供給量を減少させることによりバーナ持込酸素濃度を高める操作と、ダイレクト供給酸素調節器を調節してダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を増加させる操作と、再循環全ガス量調節器を調節して再循環する全ガス量を減少させることによりボイラ持込酸素濃度を高める操作の、少なくとも1つを行うようにしている請求項7に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御装置。
- 制御器は、バーナ火炎の不安定時に、一次酸素調節器を調節して一次再循環系路に供給する一次酸素の供給量を増加する操作と、OAP酸素調節器を調節してOAP再循環系路に供給するOAP供給酸素の供給量を減少させることによりバーナ持込酸素濃度を高める操作と、ダイレクト供給酸素調節器を調節してダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を増加させる操作と、再循環全ガス量調節器を調節して再循環する全ガス量を減少させることによりボイラ持込酸素濃度を高める操作の、少なくとも1つを行うようにしている請求項8に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御装置。
- 制御器は、バーナ火炎の不安定時に、一次酸素調節器を調節して一次再循環系路に供給する一次酸素の供給量を増加する操作と、OAP酸素調節器を調節してOAP再循環系路に供給するOAP供給酸素の供給量を減少させることによりバーナ持込酸素濃度を高める操作と、ダイレクト供給酸素調節器を調節してダイレクト供給酸素の供給量を増加させる操作と、再循環全ガス量調節器を調節して再循環する全ガス量を減少させることによりボイラ持込酸素濃度を高める操作の、少なくとも1つを行うようにしている請求項9に記載の酸素燃焼ボイラの酸素供給制御装置。
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WO2011095426A1 (de) * | 2010-02-06 | 2011-08-11 | Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh | Verfahren zur reaktivitätssteigerung von feuchtem brennstoff |
CN102741639A (zh) * | 2010-02-06 | 2012-10-17 | Khd洪保德韦达克有限公司 | 用于提高潮湿燃料的反应性的方法 |
JP2011190940A (ja) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-29 | Hitachi Ltd | 酸素燃焼型石炭火力発電システム |
CN102374525A (zh) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-03-14 | 上海尚实能源科技有限公司 | 补氧型烟气循环燃烧装置 |
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WO2012053222A1 (ja) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | バブコック日立株式会社 | ボイラ及びその運転方法 |
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KR101405015B1 (ko) | 2012-09-11 | 2014-06-10 | 한국전력공사 | 연소설비의 공기공급장치 및 공기공급방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102016418B (zh) | 2013-02-06 |
CN102016418A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
EP2267367A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
PL2267367T3 (pl) | 2015-05-29 |
JP5138028B2 (ja) | 2013-02-06 |
JPWO2009110036A1 (ja) | 2011-07-14 |
US20110083594A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
AU2008352212A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
AU2008352212C1 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
EP2267367B1 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
EP2267367A4 (en) | 2012-06-13 |
US9429315B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 |
ES2527501T3 (es) | 2015-01-26 |
AU2008352212B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
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