WO2009093931A1

WO2009093931A1 - Device for storing the energy of space medium field particles

Info

Publication number: WO2009093931A1
Application number: PCT/RU2009/000001
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vladimir Stepanovich Tolstoy
Original assignee: Vladimir Stepanovich Tolstoy
Priority date: 2008-01-21
Filing date: 2009-01-12
Publication date: 2009-07-30

Abstract

The inventive storage device for storing the energy of the flux of particles of a space medium field comprises at least two electrodes and electrolyte and differs in that the electrodes are disposed in a parallel position with respect to the Earth's surface, thereby making it possible to form the additional quantity of free electric charges in the device and accumulate the energy of the space medium field.

Description

DEVICE FOR ACCUMULATION OF ENERGY OF PARTICLES OF FIELD OF SPACE ENVIRONMENT

A device for accumulating the energy of a stream of particles from a field of a space environment belongs to the field of electrical engineering and can be used as a source of electric current in industry, agriculture, transport, and other fields of activity.

Widely known sources of electric current, in which traditional energy sources are used to create an orderly movement of free electric charges: thermal, electromagnetic, radiation energy and nuclear decay

(Great Soviet Encyclopedia, Publishing House "Soviet Encyclopedia)) M.,

1978. T. 10., p. 580-581.).

A device is also known in which the particle flux of the field of the space environment is used as an energy field to create free electric charges and move them in the electrolyte, which is formed in the zone of placement of free electric charges using shaper devices that create a different concentration of free electric charges in the electrolyte ( patent RU 2132589).

Closest to the technical nature of the proposed device is a current source based on the conversion of solar radiation energy. Electric current in this case arises as a result of processes occurring in the carrier of free electric charges (vacuum or gas-filled photocell, semiconductor element) upon absorption of the visible and radio radiation of the Sun incident on it (Polytechnical Dictionary. M., publishing house “Soviet Encyclopedia)), 1989, S. 491, 576. Big Encyclopedia. In 62 t.

M., ed. "Teppa." 2006. T. 46. p. 442). On the use of solar panels SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) restrictions impose the time of day and year, the high cost of electricity and other circumstances.

Other currently used devices for generating electric current require constant costs for creating an energy field acting on a carrier of free electric charges (electrode). For example, to create and maintain an electromagnetic field in generators or DC motors, for the operation of thermoelectric generators used as sources of electric current, significant energy costs are required. Current sources that convert the energy of solar radiation can effectively be used only in areas with a large number of sunny days per year.

Widely known are methods for the directional movement of free electric charges in a carrier using traditional types of energy: electrical, magnetic, electromagnetic (see. "Large

Soviet Encyclopedia ", publishing house" Soviet Encyclopedia ", M.,

1978, t, 10, s, 580-581).

In the proposed device to increase the number of free electric charges and their directional movement of them in the carrier of free electric charges (electrolyte), natural flows of particles of the physical field of the space environment are used. This field is a special form of matter through which various types of interactions in the form of waves and quanta are transmitted between objects (macroscopic bodies and microparticles) (Big Encyclopedia. In 62 vol. M: “Teppa.” T. 37. P. 506- 507).

The presence of a space environment field is recognized in a number of scientific publications (Vernadsky VI, “Biosphere and Noosphere.” M, 1989, p. 8; Novikov ID, Evolution of the Universe. M., 1990, p. 154; • Lobanovsky M. G. Foundations of the physics of nature, M., 1990, pp. 241-245; A. Veinik

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Thermodynamics of real processes. Minsk, 1991. 344-361 and others.).

There are known experiments on the formation of a flux and the detection of such a flux of a field in the space environment (Dodonov B.P., Lobanovsky M.G., Veinik A.I.). The reality of this field is manifested in the fact that, being accumulated by the method of mutual screening of masses, it produces a mechanical effect. A number of patents have been obtained for devices using the space environment field (see, for example, RU N ° 2011001 and N ° 2066788).

When moving to the Earth's surface, particles of the field of the space environment act on atoms and molecules in the electrolyte and conductor, forming positively and negatively charged particles (ions) and moving them in the carrier so that positively and negatively charged particles are concentrated at different electrodes.

The proposed device differs from known electrochemical current sources. Currently, two methods are used for arranging conductors (electrodes) relative to each other in power supplies.

The first method is that one electrode is located around another electrode, as, for example, in batteries for a flashlight. An electrolyte is placed between them. If such a battery is placed horizontally, then in a vertical section it looks as follows. (Fig. 1). In horizontal sections A and B in FIG. 1, the area of each electrode is small, and therefore the number of free electric charges formed by the field of the space environment is also small. In addition, the streams of newly formed charged particles also neutralize each other; in section A, the field of the space medium forms negative charges and moves them to the positive electrode, due to which some additional amount of electricity is generated in the system; In section B, positive charges are formed, which move to the negative electrode. When the external circuit is closed, two oncoming electricity flows mutually neutralize each other. Therefore, in general, the amount of electricity in

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the battery remains virtually unchanged and is determined only by internal electrochemical processes, as provided by their design.

The second method assumes that the elements of the battery or accumulator are located vertically relative to the surface of the Earth (as in automotive lead-acid batteries). In this case, the strongest - the vertical flow of particles of the field of the space environment (1 in Fig. 2) is ineffective. Not only that, it acts on a limited area of electrolyte located between the electrodes. The newly formed (particles of the field of the space environment) carriers of free electric charges in the electrolyte move parallel to the electrodes. Lateral streams of particles of the field of the space environment move the positive and negative carriers of free electric charges between the electrodes towards each other, as a result of which they interact with each other and mutually neutralize. With an open circuit, the number of free electric charges in such a source increases slightly. But it nevertheless, albeit insignificantly, increases, as evidenced by the well-known phenomenon of self-charging, for example, car batteries, temporarily turned off the circuit. In developing this useful model, the task was to arrange the carrier of free electric charges (electrolyte) with electrodes relative to the flow of particles of the field of the space environment so that the influence of the flow of particles of the field of the space environment on the specified carrier with electrodes leads to the formation in this system when the circuit closes the maximum amount of electric current .

The problem is solved in that the carrier of free electric charges (electrolyte) with conductors (electrodes) in the form of plates is placed in the flows of particles of the field of the space environment so that at least one vertical stream of particles of the field of the space environment

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) crosses electrodes located horizontally relative to the surface of the earth.

In the future, the essence of the proposed device is illustrated by specific examples of its implementation and the accompanying drawings, in which: 1 - the vertical flow of particles of the field of the space environment, 2 - the horizontal surface of the Earth, 3 - electrolyte, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 -conductors

(electrodes), 9 - external circuit.

In FIG. 1 and 2 show diagrams of currently used chemical sources of electric current; FIG. 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 - presents a diagram of the proposed utility model, in FIG. 4 and 5, the essence of the experiment to identify the effect of the flux of particles of the field of the space environment on the formation and distribution of the concentration of free electric charges in the device is explained.

The flow of particles of the field of the space environment, which moves from outer space to the center of the Earth, is vertical (1 in Fig. 1, 2, 6, 7, 8). The flows of particles moving in other directions are lateral (Fig. 2).

In the proposed device, the carrier 3 (Fig. 3) of free electric charges is placed in the zone of the natural particle flux field of the space environment so that the carrier of free electric charges (electrolyte) 3 and both conductors (electrodes) 4 and 5, with which, for example, the electric current is removed and transmitted to the external circuit 6, are exposed to the flow of particles of the field of the space environment, which simultaneously passes through at least one surface of at least one conductor 4 or 5 and at least through An arbitrary small surface of the carrier (electrolyte) 3 (Fig. 3).

The performance of the proposed utility model is confirmed by a series of experiments.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) One of them is as follows. At least two conductors 4 and 5 are placed in a tightly closed container (for all kinds of operations with it) with a liquid carrier 3 free electric charges. The wires for connecting devices are output to the outside. If you use a paste-like or solid carrier, then a special container is not required. Conductors are not necessarily a galvanic pair.

The behavior of the system is characterized by the following properties. If a measuring device is connected to conductors 4, 5 made in the form of plates, then it will detect the appearance of an electric current in the circuit. When the carrier capacitance 3 is located (Fig. 4) in such a way that the conductors 4, 5 are parallel to the vertical flow of particles of the field of the space environment, the electric current in the circuit is stabilized at a certain level. If the plates of conductors 4 and 5 (Fig. 5) are placed horizontally, that is, so that their plane is perpendicular to the vertical flow of particles of the floor of the space environment, the strength and voltage of the electric current increase in the circuit. When turning the plates (when the upper plate is at the bottom and the bottom is at the top), the direction of the current in the circuit changes to the opposite. If the plates are returned to their original position, that is, to place them parallel to the vertical flow of particles of the field of the space environment, then the voltage and current strength are significantly reduced (Fig. 4).

The assumption that in these experiments the source of electric current is sunlight is excluded, since the experiments were carried out indoors (most often in the evenings and even without lighting). The impact of household appliances is also excluded, since most experiments were carried out with the appliances turned off or outside the city, where there are no electrical appliances within a radius of more than 1 km. To exclude the assumption that the quantity

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) of free electric charges changes due to a chemical reaction between the metal plates of conductors 4, 5 and the electrolyte (copper and aluminum plates were most often used), stainless steel plates are installed in one of the devices, and the ends of the plates are brought out so that the copper contacts do not come into contact with the carrier 3 free electric charges - with electrolyte.

The plane of the conductors 4 and 5 can be located at a right angle (Fig. 3) or another angle (Fig. 6) with respect to the vertical flow of particles of the field of the space environment (1 in Fig. 6 and 7).

The flow of particles of the field of the space environment has a double effect on free electric charges in the carrier 3.

First, the flux of particles in the field of the space environment interacts with the molecules and atoms of the carrier 3 of free electric charges, as well as with the molecules and atoms of the conductors and the body of the container, in which the carrier 3 and conductors 4, 5 are placed, which leads to the formation of an additional amount (by compared with the amount that occurred during the manufacture of the electrolyte or remaining after its discharge) of free electric charges in this carrier 3 (as, however, in the conductors and in the container body).

The ability of elementary particles arriving from outer space to ionize matter (and form positive and negative charges) with which they interact is well known. First of all, it should be noted that the elementary particles themselves were discovered by the ionization of the air that they produce when passing to Earth from Space. They penetrate not only through the atmosphere (repeatedly interacting with it and forming a cascade of secondary cosmic rays), but also through the Earth’s layer, which makes it possible to observe them in mines. Naturally, due to exposure to cosmic rays (including

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) secondary) on the electrolyte in the tank forms an additional number of positive and negative ions - carriers of free electric charges (Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. Physics. M., 1998. P. 313, 314; Big Encyclopedia. In 62 vol. T. 23. T. 487 -488). Secondly, it mixes free electric charges from one part of the carrier 3 to another, ensuring their uneven concentration in different parts of the carriers 3 in the area of the conductors 4 and 5. The ability of particles of the field of the space environment (cosmic rays) to move free electric charges in the electrolyte is evident from the fact that primary cosmic rays, when passing through an atmosphere layer, advance to the Earth's surface a cascade of elementary particles of almost the entire spectrum (Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. Physics. M., 1998. P. 313). This ability of elementary particles (constituting primary and cascading cosmic rays) is due to the fact that they have infinite potential and infinite potential energy (Big Encyclopedia. In 62 vol. T. 60. P. 323).

The movement of free electric charges is confirmed in the experiment with a device consisting of aluminum and copper plates and an electrolyte (alcohol solution of sodium chloride), placed in a tightly closed vessel. When placing the device in such a way that the plates are parallel to the horizon of the Earth and the copper plate is in the upper position, a current of a certain sign (for example, minus) is in the circuit. When the device is turned over (without turning off the measuring device) so that the aluminum plate is in the upper position, the current direction changes to the opposite. The experiment was repeated repeatedly with the same result.

In order to exclude the assumption that the change in the direction of the current is caused not by the influence of the particle flux of the field of the cosmic medium, but by various properties of materials, of which

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) plates were made, a device was used in which two plates of stainless steel (chemically neutral with respect to alcohol and salt) were mounted. In this case, the direction of the electric current also reverses when the plates change places from the upper to the lower position.

The hypothesis that the battery is charged precisely with the help of particles of the field of the space environment (and not by means of, more precisely, not only by means of a chemical reaction in the source) has been verified in other ways. For this, an accumulator of two steel plates (food grade stainless steel) and an alcoholic solution of sodium chloride, placed in a tightly closed vessel, was used. Steel was chosen because it chemically interacts very weakly with table salt. The battery was tested under conditions of partial isolation from the vertical flow of particles from the field of the space environment, for which it was located under a concrete slab (in the window opening). Thus, the impact on it of the energy of the vertical flow of particles of the field of the space environment is limited. The verification procedure consists in connecting the same load (1 volt bulb) to the battery for equal periods of time (1 min.), And then for 1 min. the lamp turns off and the battery is recharged. Since connecting and disconnecting the system, as well as fixing the data of the multimeter is carried out “manually”, the results of each individual measurement are somewhat different from each other. The true picture is given by average indicators. They are as follows: a battery placed under a concrete slab discharges to U = 0.4 mV after connecting the load, and then, as a result of self-charging (under the slab), the voltage rises to an average of 5.3 mV. The second series of measurements was carried out with the same battery, exposed outside from under the stove, in connection with which it is affected by the entire (including vertical) stream of particles of the field of the space environment. In this case

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) voltage in it after connecting for 1 min. to the load decreases on average to 0, 925 mV, and after charging (as a result of disconnecting the load) rises to 14.5 mV. Thus, the difference in voltage parameters shows that as a result of the partial isolation of the battery from the flow of particles from the field of the space environment, there is a more rapid decrease in voltage in the network and its slower recovery. Conversely, the impact on the battery of the entire stream of particles (traveling vertically and from the lateral directions) of the field of the space environment leads to its full charge. When the accumulator was immersed in the well to a depth of 0.5 m, access to the lateral flows of particles of the field of the space environment was limited to it. In this case, as a result of connecting the load, the voltage dropped to an average of 1.1 mV, and rose after charging (i.e. after disconnecting from the load) to 9.15 mV. On the surface (when there was no restriction on the influence of the particle flux of the field of the space environment), the voltage dropped to 2.16 mV, and after disconnecting the load it rose to an average of 11.4 mV. This experiment confirms that the recharging of a chemical current source occurs under the influence of side streams of particles of the field of the space environment. The described experiments confirm that the particles of the field of the space environment not only form an additional number of positive and negative charges in the electrolyte. Under its influence, positive and negative charges are concentrated near different electrodes, which leads to an increase in current in the circuit when it is closed. The proposed utility model is based on the use of the energy of the fluxes of particles in the field of the space environment. At present, there is no term “energy flux of particles of the field of the cosmic medium”. This phrase includes several terms. ^ The Cosmic Medium "is an extraterrestrial space, sometimes defined by the words" Cosmoc "," Universal ",

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) "Cosmic space)). The word “field”) emphasizes that we are not talking about material objects, but about an invisible system whose components are electrons, positrons, magnetic fields, electromagnetic fields, etc. (See Big Encyclopedia. In 62 vol. T. 37. Pages 506-507). "Particles" are protons, nuclei, electrons and others. They are called elementary, although they (this is already known) are not elementary (Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. Physics. M .: Scientific Publishing House "Bolyapaya Russian Encyclopedia)). 1998. p. 896). Therefore, recently these objects have been called microparticles or simply particles (Big Encyclopedia. In 62 vol. M: “Teppa.” T. 58. P. 5). Elementary particles make up the atoms of matter. They possess infinite potential and infinite potential energy (Ibid. T. 60. Page 323). Energy is a general quantitative measure of the motion and interaction of all types of matter, including particles (Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. Physics. M .: Scientific Publishing House "Bolyapaya Russian Encyclopedia)). 1998. Pp. 903. Big Encyclopedia. In 62 t. M .: "Teppa". T.60. Page 438).

The experiments described above give reason to believe that the structural elements of the battery are affected by particles (microparticles) directed from the Cosmos field to the surface of the earth. They interact with the molecules and atoms of the electrolyte. In this regard, an additional amount of free electric charges is formed in the battery. In accordance with the law of conservation of energy, energy accumulated from particles of the Cosmos field is accumulated in the battery.

So far, there is no exact information about which particles from the Cosmos field and how they act on the proposed battery, how additional carriers of free electric charges are formed in it.

Naturally, protons, electrons, and others participate in this process. But the list of particles involved in the formation of ions (charged particles) in

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) electrolyte, it is difficult to compose, since it is still unknown and constantly increasing (Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. Physics. M., 1998. C.896). And the properties of the particles are not fully understood. Based on the well-known provisions on the interaction of elementary particles with matter (Big Encyclopedic Dictionary. Physics. M., 1998. P. 313), we can draw the following conclusion. Particles falling into the electrolyte volume (from primary or cascading cosmic rays) interact with elementary particles in the composition of molecules and atoms. In this case, molecules or atoms either absorb charged particles that came into interaction with them, or emit their charged particles. In both cases, molecules and atoms acquire a positive or negative charge, i.e. become ions (Physical Encyclopedic Dictionary .M., 1995. P. 229, 230), carriers of free electric charges.

The lack of an accurate list of particles arriving from outer space and affecting the electrolyte is not a reason to question the fact that the current strength and voltage in it change under the influence of particles. Indeed, the lack of complete data, for example, on the mechanism of electric current generation in some types of solar cells does not interfere with their production and use. Research will help improve the device proposed in this application.

The device includes a carrier 3 of free electric charges (liquid, pasty or solid), which can be used, for example, already known electrolyte, and at least two conductors (electrodes) 4, 5, near which there is a concentration of free electric charges (Fig. 3, 8, 9). A distinctive feature of the device is that the conductors (electrodes) are located horizontally relative to the surface of the Earth. Such

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the location of the conductors makes it possible for the electrolyte located between them to maximize the energy of the stream of elementary particles of the Cosmos field by generating an additional amount of free electric charges, and therefore, the maximum amount of current in the circuit under given conditions.

As conductors 4, 5 can be used, for example, metal objects. Conductors 4, 5 can be made of the same or different materials. They can have any arbitrary shape - wire, wire harness, plates, cylinder, ball, polyhedrons and so on. In the carrier 3 of free electric charges can be placed not two, but more conductors 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (Fig. 8). At least one conductor may consist of several wired components.

The device is placed in a naturally formed stream of particles of the field of the space environment so that at least one surface of at least one conductor is oriented horizontally relative to the surface of the Earth.

In the particle stream of the field of the space environment, the carrier 3 of free electric charges with conductors 4, 5 (Fig. 8) can be installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to each other and the Earth's surface, as well as reciprocating movement vertically. Conductors and a carrier of free electric charges can be installed all together or at least one of these elements at an angle to the horizon of the Earth. But an increase in their angle of inclination leads to a corresponding decrease in the quantity and voltage in the system.

Given the material of the conductors and the carrier of free electric charges, as well as their design, the power of the device is determined mainly by the horizontal cross-sectional area

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) devices affected by the flow of particles from the field of the space environment.

The proposed device does not have the limitations that are characteristic of other generators. For example, unlike solar panels, it can work all day and all year round. It does not require energy. The most effective is a device in which the conductors connected to the carrier of free electric charges (electrolyte) are in the form of a plate. In this case, the plates are placed horizontally in the stream of particles of the field of the space environment (Fig. 8). Moreover, at least part of the carrier of free electric charges is between the plates. To obtain the required amount of current in the device with these electrodes and electrolyte, it is necessary to increase the horizontal area of the electrodes and electrolyte accordingly. In this case, it is necessary to select electrodes and electrolyte that for a long time retain the ability to charge under the influence of the particle flux of the field of the space environment, similar to how an electric battery retains its functions for many charge - discharge cycles.

The device can find application in industry, agriculture, everyday life and other areas of society.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA

1. An energy accumulator of a stream of particles in a field of a space environment, which creates and / or increases the number of free electric charges in the device and includes at least two electrodes and

5 electrolyte, characterized in that both electrodes of the device are located horizontally.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes in a horizontal section have an arbitrary shape.

3. The battery according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the electrodes are in the form of plates.

4. The battery under item 1, 2, 3, characterized in that it has at least one additional electrode and / or at least one additional electrolyte.

5. The battery according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, characterized in that it is made with 15 the possibility of translational and / or reciprocating motion of the electrodes in the horizontal plane, and / or reciprocating movement in the vertical direction, and / or changes the slope of the electrodes with respect to the horizontal plane.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)