WO2008114527A1

WO2008114527A1 - Health management system for ruminant animal, health management method for ruminant animal and collar for health management system for ruminant animal

Info

Publication number: WO2008114527A1
Application number: PCT/JP2008/050837
Authority: WO
Inventors: Masahiro Okamoto; Subom Park
Original assignee: Orion Machinery Co., Ltd.; Hokkaido Technology Licensing Office Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2007-03-16
Filing date: 2008-01-16
Publication date: 2008-09-25
Also published as: JP4931653B2; JP2008228573A

Abstract

A health management system for a ruminant animal comprising an acceleration sensor which is attached to a collar to be put on the neck of a ruminant animal for measuring the acceleration in the front-back direction in relation to the ruminant animal and/or a temperature sensor for measuring the temperatures at the lower jaw and the trunk of the ruminant animal. Based on the acceleration data and/or temperature data measured by the acceleration sensor and/or temperature sensor, the health conditions and the rutting or childbirth time of the ruminant animal are understood.

Description

Description Ruminant Health Management System, Ruminant Health Management Method and Ruminant Animal Health Management Collar Technical Field

The present invention relates to a ruminant health management system, a ruminant health management method, and a ruminant health management system collar, and is applied to, for example, grasping the health status of cattle, the timing of estrus and parturition. It is suitable. Background art

In dairy farming, it is important to know the health of cattle, the timing of estrus and parturition, but it is difficult to manage individual animals when grazing on free stalls (free range in cowshed) or pasture. Even in the case of tie stalls, individual observation requires labor.

Therefore, in order to improve this situation, many proposals have been made than before (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 2-2 6 2 7 12 (Reference 1), Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1 1 1 5 6 1 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 46 (Reference 2), Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-0 2 1 9 7 57 (Publication 3), Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 10-2 6 2 4 98 (Publication 4), Special Table 2 No. 0 0 4-5 0 4 0 5 1 (reference 5), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2 0 5-2 1 0 9 27 (reference 6).

Reference 1 suspends a cow food intake measurement device including a motion detection sensor from the cow's neck with a belt, detects the foraging movement using this motion detection sensor, and calculates the amount of food consumed by this cow from the number of detections of this foraging movement. Techniques for computing and recording are disclosed. Reference 2 describes an accelerometer that is attached to the opposite side of the leg of the animal's spine and that detects acceleration and outputs acceleration data. It is disclosed that a configuration is provided that includes a data memory that stores time-series data and an analysis unit that is connected to the data memory and outputs step count data obtained by analyzing acceleration data every predetermined time.

Reference 3 describes an apparatus for investigating the chewing situation of a ruminant animal, a mastication motion detection means for detecting the mastication behavior of the ruminant animal to be investigated, which is attached to the ruminant subject of the investigation, It is disclosed that the apparatus includes a mastication action recording unit that records a detection result. Reference 4 attaches a frequency meter that senses the up and down movement caused by eating this herbivorous animal in the lower jaw of the herbivorous animal, counts the number of times, and the signal from the frequency meter is recorded over time. It is disclosed to detect foraging behavior such as foraging time, foraging time, and foraging amount of herbivorous livestock. Document 5 discloses a method for monitoring the physiological condition of a ruminant or the suitability of a feed by installing a sound sensor on the neck of a ruminant such as a cow and detecting a mastication behavior on a throat and detecting a chewing behavior. ing. In this case, the sound sensor is classified according to the number of chewing actions in the unit time during eating and rumination, and the spout sensor is an assist.

Reference 6 describes an estrus detection device that has an estrus behavior measurement means that is attached to a cow's neck and measures the frequency of estrus behavior, and an estrus cow detection means that detects an estrus cow based on the measurement results of the estrus behavior measurement means. The estrus behavior measuring means is scrambled with a collar, an acceleration sensor and an angle sensor for measuring the number of times of riding based on the inclination of the body, and an ultrasonic transmission unit for transmitting ultrasonic waves when riding. Receiving ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic transmission part of the cattle that boarded, and the receiving side ultrasonic sensor that measures the number of times of riding, the measurement results of each sensor and their own knowledge The estrus cow detection means includes a first analysis section and a second analysis section for selecting an estrus cow based on the measurement result transmitted by the estrus behavior measurement means. A device having an analysis unit and an output unit for outputting the analysis result of each analysis unit is disclosed.

However, it is difficult for any of the techniques disclosed in References 1 to 6 to easily grasp the health of ruminants such as cattle and the timing of estrus and delivery without burdening the ruminant. .

Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to manage the health of ruminants, which can easily grasp the health status of ruminants such as cattle and the timing of estrus and delivery without burdening the ruminants. It is to provide a system, a ruminant health care method and a ruminant health care system collar. Disclosure of the invention

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have focused on the phenomenon that ruminants such as cows lower their heads when eating and raise their heads when ruminating, and put them on ruminants. An acceleration sensor or temperature sensor is attached to the collar, and the acceleration in the front-rear direction when viewed from the ruminant is measured by the acceleration sensor, or the temperature of the lower jaw and body of the ruminant and the temperature of the lower jaw and the body By measuring the difference with the temperature sensor, it is possible to easily grasp the status of foraging / rumination, and based on this grasping result, it is possible to grasp the health status of ruminants, the timing of estrus and delivery, etc. I found it possible. In this method, a collar with an acceleration sensor and a temperature sensor need only be attached to the ruminant, so not only the user's effort is not required, but there is no need to wear a head harness (harness). There is no burden on animals. The present invention has been devised as a result of further studies based on the above studies.

That is, in order to solve the above problem, the first invention is

An acceleration sensor that is attached to a collar fitted to the ruminant's neck and that measures acceleration in the longitudinal direction when viewed from the ruminant and / or a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the lower jaw and body of the ruminant. It is a ruminant health management system.

This ruminant health care system typically includes a memory for recording acceleration data and / or temperature data measured by an acceleration sensor and / or a temperature sensor, and an acceleration data recorded in the memory. And / or external output means for outputting temperature data to the outside. Various memories such as a semiconductor memory and a magnetic memory can be used as the memory. The external output means is preferably wireless radio wave communication. In this case, the acceleration data and Z or temperature data measured by the acceleration sensor and / or temperature sensor are transmitted as radio waves. When the external output means is radio wave transmission, this ruminant health management system typically includes a receiving device that receives data transmitted by radio waves, and data transmitted by connecting to the receiving device. A memory for recording the data, and an analysis device for performing an operation on the data recorded in the memory with a predetermined algorithm.

The collar is movable according to the vertical movement of the ruminant's head, and is generated by the movement of the collar during rumination or foraging, by an acceleration sensor attached to the collar in the longitudinal direction as seen from the ruminant. measure. In this ruminant health management system, for example, if the acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor shows a positive value that exceeds a predetermined value (threshold value) continuously for a certain period of time, the ruminant is in the foraging state, constant Predetermined over time The ruminant can be judged to be ruminant if it shows a negative value less than the value, and the ruminant can be judged to be resting if it shows a value within a predetermined range for a certain period of time. This predetermined value may vary from individual to individual. If the pattern of acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor and the pattern of accumulated acceleration data of the same individual in the same time zone are different from each other, it is possible to determine that the rubbing object is in an abnormal state. In other words, if the pattern of acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor is different from the pattern of acceleration data accumulated over a certain period, it can be determined that some abnormality has occurred. Furthermore, when the pattern shows such that the difference between the acceleration data and the accumulated acceleration data exceeds a predetermined value, the ruminant can be determined to be in the estrus state. This predetermined value may vary from individual to individual.

The collar also moves the temperature sensor closer to the ruminant's body when the ruminant's head is raised vertically, and the temperature sensor moves to the lower jaw of the ruminant when the ruminant's head is lowered vertically. It is attached to approach. For example, if the difference in ruminant mandibular temperature relative to the temperature of the ruminant body measured by the temperature sensor is positive, the ruminant is in the foraging state, and if it is negative, the ruminant is ruminant. Can be determined as a rumination. Further, when the temperature difference data pattern and the accumulated temperature difference data pattern of the same individual in the same time zone are different from each other, the ruminant can be determined to be in an abnormal state. Furthermore, when the difference between the temperature difference data and the accumulated temperature difference data shows a pattern that exceeds a predetermined value, the rubbing object can be determined to be in the estrus state. This predetermined value may vary from individual to individual. Furthermore, when a pattern in which the difference between the temperature difference data and the accumulated temperature difference data is below a predetermined value is shown, the ruminant can be determined to be in a poor physical condition or a state immediately before delivery. This predetermined value is May vary from body to body. By using temperature difference data, the influence of outside air temperature can be eliminated and accurate judgment can be made.

The first invention is

Wear a collar attached to the ruminant's neck with an accelerometer that measures longitudinal acceleration as viewed from the ruminant and / or a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the lower jaw and body of the ruminant, A ruminant health management method characterized by managing the health of the ruminant based on acceleration data and / or temperature data measured by the acceleration sensor and / or the temperature sensor.

The third invention is

A ruminant health management system comprising an acceleration sensor for measuring longitudinal acceleration when viewed from the ruminant and / or a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the lower jaw and body of the ruminant. It is a collar for the mud.

In the second and third inventions, what has been described in relation to the first invention is valid.

Ruminants are vertebrate cloven hoofs that swallow food once swallowed and chewed (finely crushed) and then swallowed. Specifically, for example, cattle (including dairy and beef cattle), buffalo, Java beef, panthen, yak, hidge, goat, antelope, deer, gazelle, giraffe, camel, llama, alpaca, guanaco, vicuña, mamji power, rat power, etc. It is not a thing. Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a collar to which an acceleration / temperature measurement module used in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a ruminant wearing a collar in a standing state in the ruminant health management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a ruminant wearing a collar foraging in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a ruminant wearing a collar performing rumination in the ruminant health management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a result of measuring acceleration in the ruminant health management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a result of measuring acceleration in the ruminant health management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a moving average of accelerations measured in the ruminant health management system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a double moving average of accelerations measured in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a moving average of accelerations measured in the ruminant health management system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring acceleration in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring acceleration in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a moving average of accelerations measured in the ruminant health management system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a moving average of accelerations measured in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring acceleration in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring the ruminant acceleration in the ruminant health care system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a moving average of accelerations measured in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring acceleration in the ruminant health care system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring acceleration in the ruminant health care system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing a moving average of accelerations measured in the ruminant health management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in the ruminant health management system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring the temperature in the ruminant health care system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in the ruminant health care system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in the ruminant health management system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in the ruminant health management system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in the ruminant health management system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in a ruminant health care system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in a ruminant health care system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring temperature in the ruminant health care system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram showing the results of measuring acceleration in the ruminant health management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram showing a moving average of accelerations measured in a ruminant health management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of a ruminant health management system according to this embodiment.

As shown in Fig. 1, in this ruminant health management system, a collar 13 having an acceleration / temperature measurement module 11 attached to a neck 11a of a ruminant 11 to be managed is fitted. This collar 1 3 is a ruminant 1 1 Acceleration / temperature measurement module that is configured to be movable when the head 1 1 b moves in the vertical direction during foraging and rumination, and is attached to the lower part of this collar 1 3 1 2 is ruminant 1 1 It can move forward and backward as viewed from 1. This acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 2 measures the acceleration in the front-rear direction as seen from the ruminant 1 1 b generated in response to the vertical movement of the head 1 1 b of the ruminant 1 and the ruminant 1 1 for measuring the temperature of the lower jaw 1 1 c and the body 1 1 d. The acceleration data and temperature data measured by the acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 2 are recorded in, for example, a memory (not shown) built into the acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 2, and from this memory to wireless radio wave communication. And received by the receiving device 15 provided in the management center 14. The acceleration data and temperature data received by the receiving device 15 are stored in the memory of the data processing device 16 and the acceleration data and temperature data are analyzed according to a predetermined algorithm. Based on the results, the ruminant 1 1 is managed for health.

Fig. 2 shows details of the collar 13 and acceleration / temperature measurement module 12. As shown in FIG. 2, the acceleration / temperature measurement module 12 is attached to the lowermost position of the collar 1 3 when the collar 1 3 is fitted to the neck 1 1 a of the ruminant 1 1. The acceleration / temperature measurement module 12 includes an acceleration sensor 17 and a temperature sensor 18. Outside the acceleration / temperature measurement module 12, sensor portions 18 a and 18 b of the temperature sensor 18 are provided. Sensor part 1 8a is used to measure the temperature of the ruminant part 1 1c of the ruminant 1 1 and sensor part 1 8b is used to measure the temperature of the body part 1 1d connected to the neck of the ruminant 1 1 .

The diameter and width of the collar 1 3 are appropriately determined according to the thickness of the neck 1 1 a of the ruminant 1 1, but the acceleration sensor 1 7 and the temperature sensor 1 8 From the point of view of good measurement, it is generally better not to tighten the collar 13, which is convenient for the ruminant 1 1 management. Specifically, the diameter of the collar 1 3 is preferably such that when the ruminant 1 1 lifts the head and the collar 1 3 is pulled up, the collar 1 1 a and the collar 1 3 For example, a gap of 6 to 9 cm is selected between them, but the present invention is not limited to this.

Figure 3 shows the standing time when the ruminant 1 1 does not raise or lower the head 1 1 b. As shown in FIG. 3, in this state, neither the sensor unit 1 8a nor 1 8b of the acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 is in contact with the ruminant 1 1.

Figure 4 shows the ruminant 1 1 foraging with the head 1 1 b lowered. As shown in Fig. 4, in this state, the sensor part 1 8 a of the temperature sensor 1 8 of the acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 1 contacts the lower jaw part 1 1 c of the ruminant 1 1 and this lower jaw part 1 1 c temperature is measured.

Figure 5 shows the ruminant 1 1 ruminating with the head 1 1 b raised. As shown in FIG. 5, in this state, the sensor part 1 8 b of the acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 1 contacts the body part 1 1 d connected to the neck of the ruminant 1 1, and this body part 1 1 The temperature of d is measured.

Figure 6 shows a specific example of the ruminant health management system. As shown in Fig. 6, acceleration data and temperature data measured by the acceleration sensor 1 7 and the temperature sensor 1 8 of the acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 2 are collected by the data collection and transmission unit 51. Along with the individual ID and time data assigned to each individual of the ruminant 1 1, it is sent to the management center 14. The acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 2 contains or is connected to a processor, clock counter, memory, power supply, etc. as needed. Data collection 'Transmission unit 5 The data transmitted from 1 is received by the receiving unit 6 1 of the management center 14 and stored in the memory of the computer 62. The computer 62 analyzes these data according to a predetermined algorithm, and an alarm is generated by the computer 62 according to the result. A server 63 is connected to the computer 62 so that the transmitted data and processed data can be stored. The computer 6 2 is also connected to a monitor 6 4. Then, according to the monitoring result of the monitor 6 4, an alarm is issued by the alarm device 6 5, or it can be displayed by the indicator light 6 6. Next, we will explain how to use this ruminant health management system.

As shown in Fig. 1, acceleration data and / or temperature data are measured by the acceleration / temperature measurement module 12 attached to the collar 1 3 fitted to the neck 1 la of the ruminant 1 1 to be managed. At this time, the acceleration data is measured from the longitudinal movement of the acceleration sensor 17 of the acceleration / temperature measurement module 12. On the other hand, the temperature data is measured when the sensor parts 1 8 a and 1 8 b of the temperature sensor 1 8 of the acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 2 are in contact with the lower jaw part 1 1 c and the body part 1 1 d, respectively. . For example, only the maximum value per unit time of acceleration data and / or temperature data measured by the acceleration / temperature measurement module 12 is taken into the memory. As a result, unnecessary data can be screened, the number of data can be saved, and memory capacity can be saved. Measurement of acceleration and temperature may be performed, for example, every second, but ingestion into memory, specifically, for example, every minute or every two minutes, there is little difference, and foraging And rumination behavior can be detected, but when making a judgment, for example, taking a moving average every 5 to 10 minutes will accelerate

2 Every minute is better for more accurate measurements, as the change in temperature and temperature will be smooth, and foraging and rumination behavior can be determined at a glance. The acceleration data and temperature data thus captured in the memory are received by the receiving device 15 provided in the management center 14 by wireless radio wave communication, and the data processing device 16 follows a predetermined algorithm. Analysis is performed, and based on the results, the health status of ruminants 1 1, estrus and parturition of labor are ascertained.

Acceleration was measured using a 3-axis acceleration sensor as the acceleration sensor 1 7 of the acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 2. As this 3-axis acceleration sensor, a 3-axis acceleration sensor (G—MENDR 0 2) manufactured by Slick Co., Ltd. was used. One axis of this 3-axis accelerometer was aligned in the front-rear direction when viewed from ruminant 1 1 and only this one axis was used. The three-axis acceleration sensor has a height of 75 mm, a width of 60 mm, a depth of 32 mm, and a weight of 1 15 g including the battery. This 3-axis accelerometer also comes with a temperature sensor.

As ruminants 1 1, 4 healthy cows (cow No. 1 to No. 4) and 2 cows before and after estrus (cow No. 5 and No. 6) owned by Rakuno Gakuen University were used. .

Figures 7 and 8 show the measurement results of the acceleration (x) of cow N 0.1 and cow N o. 2 for 24 hours, and the vertical axis shows the measured acceleration (gravity acceleration G (9.8 m / s ² ) The unit of time), the horizontal axis is time. Acceleration is the maximum acceleration measured at 1 minute intervals. We also observed these cows visually to observe their behavior. Figures 7 and 8 show the time zone of rumination and the time zone of foraging, respectively. From Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the cattle feed when the acceleration is positive. When the acceleration is negative, there is a tendency to be ruminant or to rest. The distinction between rumination and rest can be determined by the magnitude of the absolute value of acceleration (i XI). When the absolute value is large, it can be judged as rumination, and when it is small, it can be judged as rest. Figures 7 and 8 also show the temperature measurement results of the temperature sensor attached to the 3-axis accelerometer, but it depends on whether the temperature sensor is in contact with the ruminant. This temperature is the temperature near this temperature sensor. The temperature measurement results show that the temperature tends to be high during rumination and low during foraging.

FIG. 9 is a graph of the moving average of accelerations measured for cow N 0.2 shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a graph of the double moving average of accelerations measured for the cow N 0.2 shown in FIG. The graph shown in Fig. 9 shows the moving average of the 5-minute moving average of the data shown in Fig. 8 taken every 5 minutes. A moving average of only 5 minutes may be used, but by taking a double moving average, the graph becomes smoother and easier to see as shown in Fig. 10. From FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, it can be seen that the determination of rumination or foraging can be made more clearly by taking the moving average of acceleration, or even the double moving average.

FIG. 11 is a graph of the moving average of the acceleration measured before and after the cow N 0.2 shown in FIG. From Fig. 11 it can be seen that taking a moving average makes it possible to more clearly determine whether rumination or foraging.

Figure 1 shows the measurement results of acceleration measured for 14 hours for cattle N0.1.

Fig. 13 shows the measurement results of acceleration measured for 24 hours for cattle N 0.3.

Figures 14 and 15 are measured for 14 hours for cattle N 0.4. A graph of the moving average of the measured accelerations. Figures 14 and 15 are continuous in time.

Figures 16 and 17 show the measurement results of acceleration before and after estrus for cattle No. 5 in estrus. Figures 16 and 17 are continuous in time. From Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 it can be seen that foraging and rumination time are clearly reduced with estrus.

FIG. 18 is a graph of the moving average of accelerations measured for the cow N 0.5 shown in FIGS. 16 and 17. From Fig. 18, it can be seen that the estrus behavior can be determined more clearly by taking the moving average.

Figures 19 and 20 show the measurement results of acceleration during and after estrus for cattle N 0.6 during estrus. Figures 19 and 20 are continuous in time.

FIG. 11 is a graph of the moving average of accelerations measured for cow N 0.6 shown in FIGS. 19 and 10. From Fig. 21, it can be seen that the estrus behavior can be judged more clearly by taking the moving average.

From these results, it is understood that the timing of estrus and labor can be grasped by measuring acceleration. The optimal timing for artificial insemination is 4 to 12 hours after the start of estrus, 16 hours at the latest, or 4 hours after the start of estrus to 8 hours after the end of estrus (estrus duration is approximately 12 hours) It is desirable to insemination before, so that the timing of artificial insemination is not missed.

As can be seen from the above, when the acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor shows a positive value continuously exceeding a predetermined value for a certain period of time, the ruminant is in a fed state and continues for a certain period of time. Indicates negative value below the value If the ruminant is in a ruminant state, and if it shows a value within a predetermined range for a certain period of time, the ruminant can be determined to be in a resting state. In addition, if the pattern of acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor and the pattern of accumulated acceleration data of the same individual in the same time zone are different from each other, they are repulsive.

5 An object can be determined to be in an abnormal state. Furthermore, when the pattern shows such that the difference between the acceleration data and the accumulated acceleration data exceeds a predetermined value, the ruminant can be determined to be in the estrus state.

The temperature was measured using a 2-channel temperature data garage (R T R — 7 1) manufactured by Tiandi Co., Ltd. as the temperature sensor 1 8 of the acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 2. The external dimensions of this temperature data port girder are 92 mm high, 66 mm wide, 35 mm deep, and weigh approximately 120 g including batteries.

As the ruminant 1 1, 5 cows (cow No. 7 to N 15 o. L l) owned by Dairy Gakuen University were used.

Figure 22 shows the results of measuring the jaw side temperature, body side temperature, and outside air temperature of a healthy cattle N 0.7 grazed on the pasture, and is a 24-hour measurement day. Fig. 23 plots the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the body temperature from the jaw side temperature of cow N 0.7 in Fig. 22. Figure 23 also shows the results of visual observation of the behavior of these 20 cattle No. 7. From Fig. 23, it can be seen that the jaw side temperature rises when eating, the body side temperature rises when lying down, and neither the jaw side temperature nor the body side temperature changes when standing.

Figure 14 shows the results of measuring the jaw side temperature and body side temperature of cattle N 0.8 before and after estrus, and is 60-hour measurement data. FIG. 25 shows the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the body side temperature from the jaw side temperature of cattle No. 8 in FIG. 25 24. Figure 25 shows the behavior of this cow N 0.8 with the naked eye. The results are also shown. From Fig. 25, it can be seen that there is a characteristic difference in the pattern of temperature change between Day 1 when mucus secretion is observed and Day 2 when estrus occurs.

Fig. 26 shows the measurement results of the jaw side temperature, body side temperature, and outside air temperature of cattle No. 9 before parturition, and is measured data for 24 hours. Fig. 7 plots the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the body temperature from the jaw side temperature of cattle N 0.9 in Fig. 26. As can be seen from FIG. 26, no change in body temperature was observed between 5 o'clock and 18 o'clock. Delivery was 2 2:54.

Fig. 28 shows the measurement results of the jaw and body temperatures and the outside air temperature of sick (hypocalcemic) cattle No. 10 with 24 hours of measurement data. FIG. 29 plots the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the body side temperature from the jaw side temperature of cow No. 10 in FIG. Figure 29 also shows the results of macroscopic observation of the behavior of this cow No. 10. As can be seen from Fig. 29, the jaw side temperature rises when eating, the body side temperature rises when lying down, and neither the jaw side temperature nor the body side temperature changes when standing. As can be seen from Figure 19, in sick cattle, foraging was 11%, standing rumination was 16%, recumbent rumination was 2%, standing rest was 39%, and lying rest was 31%. They often stand up due to their poor physical condition, with a rest rate of 70%, and sick cows are often standing.

Fig. 30 shows the results of measuring the jaw side temperature, body side temperature and outside air temperature of cattle N 0.11 1 for high lactating cows, and the measurement data for 24 hours. Fig. 31 plots the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the body temperature from the jaw side temperature of cattle No. 11 in Fig. 30. Fig. 31 also shows the results of macroscopic observation of the behavior of this cow No. 11. As can be seen from Fig. 31, the temperature on the jaw side rises when eating, the body temperature rises when lying down, Neither the jaw side temperature nor the body side temperature changes when standing.

As can be seen from Figure 31 in the high lactating cows, foraging was 29%, standing rumination was 6%, recumbent rumination was 28%, standing rest was 10%, and lying rest was 27% The ratio of rumination was 34%, and the ratio of rest was 37%, which was almost the same, and was often lying down.

Fig. 3 2 shows the above-mentioned estrus cows (cow No. 8), calving cows (cow No. 9), sick cattle (cow N 0.10) and high-lactating cows (cow No. ll). Indicates the temperature difference between individuals.

From the above temperature measurement, we found the following.

The temperature on the chin side increased during foraging, and the temperature on the body side increased during rumination and rest. This trend becomes even clearer in the temperature difference data, and the influence of outside air temperature can be eliminated. Cattle foraging, standing and lying behavior can be predicted from this temperature difference data.

During the estrus, the pattern of temperature difference data changed due to less feeding and rumination, and in the case of norikura, the temperature sensor was pressed against the body, so a significant increase in temperature was observed.

The temperature difference became very small before delivery. This is thought to be because the body does not move before delivery.

Unhealthy cows kept standing in excitement, so the temperature difference was smaller than normal.

The pattern of temperature difference in the high lactating cows was similar to that of healthy cows. This is probably because the behavior of highly lactating cows is not different from that of healthy cows.

As can be seen from the above, the ruminant's mandibular temperature difference with respect to the body temperature of the ruminant measured by the temperature sensor shows a positive value. If this value is indicated, the ruminant can be determined to be in a ruminant state. Also, same as temperature difference data pattern A ruminant can be determined to be in an abnormal state when the patterns of accumulated temperature difference data in the same time zone differ from each other. Furthermore, when the pattern shows that the difference between the temperature difference data and the accumulated temperature difference data exceeds a predetermined value, the ruminant can be determined to be in the estrus state. Furthermore, if the difference between the temperature difference data and the accumulated temperature difference data shows a pattern that is below a predetermined value, the ruminant can be determined to be in a poor physical condition or just before delivery.

As ruminants 1 1, four estrus dairy cows (cow No. 5, No. 1 2 to No. 1 4) owned by Rakuno Gakuen University, and acceleration / temperature measurement module 1 2 acceleration sensor Acceleration was measured according to 17 and the number of shocks in which the absolute value of the measured acceleration (1 x 1) exceeded the predetermined value (threshold) set for each individual was measured every 3 hours. As the acceleration sensor 1 7 of the acceleration / thermometer module 1 2, the same 3-axis acceleration sensor as in Example 1 was used. These cows No. 5, No. 1 2 to No. 14 were kept free in a free stall barn. Measurements are taken for 3 consecutive days for cattle N o. 5, for 7 consecutive days for cattle N 0. 1 2 and cattle N o. 1 4, and continuous for cattle N 0. 1 3 6 Went for days.

Tables 1 and 2 show the measurement results of the number of impacts every 3 hours. In the time of day within Table 1 and Table 2, for example, 0-3 means from midnight to 3:00 am. The thresholds were 15 m / s ² for cattle N 0.5 and 25 m / s ² for cats No 1 .2 to No 1 .4. In Tables 1 and 2, the time period underlined the number of impacts is in estrus. Estrus of cows in free stall barns N 0.5, N o .1 2 to N o .1 4 ranged in duration from 9 to 20 hours. 9 am to 12 am in the morning

9

Day of the week (hour)

0— 3 3-6 6-9 9-12 12 — 15 15-18 18-21 21-24 Cattle No. 5, 1 X 1> 15m / s ²

1st day 3 6 1 15 16 12 1 0 2nd eye 2 0 1 3 1 3 3 0 3rd eye 3 1 1 2 2 5 3 2 Cattle No. 12, 1 X 1> 25m / s ²

Day 1 2 0 0 10 5 2 0 6 Day 2 2 0 2 2 1 9 0 2 Day 3 0 4 3 4 0 5 0 7 Day 4 0 6 10-15 20 8 2 Day 5 Day 2 2 2 4 0 2 2 4 Day 6 0 2 0 4 2 1 1 0 0 Day 7 5 2 2 2 4 5 0 0

n cn

Table 2 B ^ ij (hours) in the cage

0-3 3-6 6-9 9-12 12 1 15 15-18 18-2] 21-24 Cattle No. 13, 1 X 1> 25m / s ²

Day 1 4 0 16 1 0 7 13 0: Day 2 2 2 7 7 0 20 14 21 Day 3 52 32 45 20 10 7 3 0 Day 4 4 5 2 7 2 7 0 12 5th 0 2 8 17 0 1 9 14 6th 4 7 2 13 4 5 7 One cow No. 14, 1 X 1> 25m / s ²

1st day 7 0 14 14 8 15 4 10 2nd day 0 2 1 1 16 0 1 1 1 1 7 3rd day 0 2 16 19 19 1 1 .7 2 4th eye 18 20 27 22 22 6 2 18 5th day 0 4 2 4 2 15 18 0 6th day 14 0 7 19 1 1 15 0 6 7th day 0 2 5 24 15 12 6 12

From Table 1, it can be seen that cattle No. 5 began estrus after 9 am on the first day and ended at around 6 pm. In this case, the average number of impacts every three hours before, during and after estrus is 3.3, 14.3, and 1.8, respectively. It can also be seen that cow N 0. 1 2 began estrus after 6 am on the fourth day and ended at around 9 pm. In this case, the average number of impacts every three hours before, during, and after estrus is 1.9, 13.3, and 2.6, respectively. From Table 2, it can be seen that cattle N 0.13 began estrus at about 3:00 pm on the second day and ended at about 1 1:00 am on the third day. In this case, the average number of impacts every three hours before, during and after estrus is 4.5, 2 9. 1 and 5.6, respectively. It can also be seen that cow N 0. 1 4 began estrus after midnight on the fourth day and ended at around 3 pm. In this case, the average number of impacts every three hours before, during and after estrus is 8.6, 21.8, and 8.1, respectively. It can be seen that cattle No. 1 3 has a longer estrus than cattle No. 5, cattle No. 1 2 and cattle No. 1 4.

From Table 2, it can be seen that cattle No. 1 3 and No. I 4 are resting at about the same time the day before estrus. This is probably because there was a cow in estrus in the same barn and tried to ride. One day later, it is probable that an estrus that allowed other cattle to ride was generated.

Table 3 summarizes the average values of the number of impacts before, during and after estrus for each cow. As can be seen from Table 3, the number of impacts during estrus is greater than before and after, so the start time and duration of estrus can be detected from the number of impacts. Table 3 Cattle No. 5 Cattle No. 1 2 Cattle No. 1 3 Cattle No • 14 Before flatbed 3. 3 2. 9 4. 5 8. 6 4. 8 Medium 14.3 1 3. 3 29. 1 2 1. 8 19. 6 After clearing 1. 8 1. 6 5. 6 8. 1 4.5

Table 4 shows the results of experiments conducted to verify the estimation accuracy of foraging time and rumination time due to the impact of unrestrained cattle in free stall barns, and actual and estimated values of foraging time and rumination time. In addition, the ratio of the estimated value to the measured value (estimated value / measured value) is shown. Four dairy cows (cow No. 3, No. 4, No. 15 and No. 16) owned by Dairy Gakuen University were used as ruminants 1 1. Table 5 shows the results of experiments conducted to verify the accuracy of estimation of foraging time and rumination time due to impact of moored cattle in Tystall beef bowl, and actual values and estimations of foraging time and rumination time. And the ratio of the estimated value to the measured value (estimated value / measured value). As ruminants 1 1, four dairy cows (cow N 0. 17 to No. 20) owned by Rakuno Gakuen University were used. In Tables 4 and 5, for example, cattle N 0. 4 1 and No. 4—2 show the case where measurements were taken over two consecutive days for cattle No 4. The threshold varies from cow individual to cattle, but the foraging threshold is ^{2.5 to} 3.5 m / s ² , and the ruling threshold is 2.8 to 1 to 4.0 m / s ² .

m (minutes) Steel (minutes) Cattle No. Shogo Price value Similarity ratio

15 337 371 1. 101 661 669 1. 012

16 334 326 0. 976 482 450 0. 934

4-1 480 474 0. 988 430 501 1.165

4-2 400 415 1. 038 433 424 0. 979

3-1 486 399 0. 821 571 607 1. 063

3-2 482 473 1. 024 560 560 1. 000 Hiramatsu 416.5 5 409. 7 0. 991 522. 8 535. 2 1. 026 mi ^ 69. 8 57. 9 0. 090 90. 7 94. 3 0. 080

Table 5 Transformer (min) Tuna (min) Cattle No. Similarity 誦躯 Value Ratio

17-1 416 443 1. 065 563 503 0. 893

17-2 440 433 0. 984 568 534 0. 940

17-3 493 400 0. 811 578 550 0. 952

18-1 394 376 0. 954 354 378 1. 068

18-2 386 389 1. 008 494 407 0. 824

18-3 489 509 1. 041 468 332 0. 701

19-1 435 409 0. 940 685 663 0. 968

19-2 362 350 0. 967 659 628 0. 953

19-3 438 419 0. 957 520 542 1. 042

20-1 472 504 1. 068 523 465 0. 889

20-2 496 448 0. 903 498 514 1. 032

20-3 446 439 0. 984 443 511 1. 153 Flat 438. 9 426. 6 0. 974 529. 4 502. 3 0. 951

43. 8 47. 3 0. 072 90. 6 96. 1 0. 119

As is clear from Tables 4 and 5, the ratio of the estimated value to the actual measurement value for both foraging time and rumination time is close to 1, and the estimation accuracy of foraging time and rumination time due to impact is quite high.

Table 6 shows the results of experiments conducted to verify the accuracy of estimation of feeding time and rumination time due to the impact of unrestrained cattle in free stall barns before and after estrus and immediately before parturition. The measured and estimated time values and the ratio of the estimated value to the measured value (estimated value / measured value) are shown. As the ruminant 1 1, three dairy cows (cow No 5, No 6, No 1) owned by Rakuno Gakuen University were used. In Table 6, H_1, H-2 and H-3 represent the first day, second day and third day after the start of estrus, respectively.-3 C,-2 C and-1 C are Indicate 3 days before, 2 days before, and 1 day before the start of delivery.

O

Table 6 Rice bowl (min) 鐧. (Min) Cattle No. mm mm ratio 霞 straight m ratio

5-1 H-l 384 332 0. 865 312 322 1. 032

5-2 Η-2 332 290 0. 873 552 678 1. 228

5-3 Η-3 430 488 1. 135 472 466 0. 987

6-1 Η- 1 306 294 0. 961 536 556 1. 037

6-2 Η-2 448 314 0. 701 562 630 1.121

21-1 -3C 280 340 1. 214 474 552 1. 165

21-2 -2C 280 542 1. 936 490 408 0. 833

21-3 -1C 332 224 0. 675 448 602 1. 344

21-4 Medium 498 258 0. 518 334 490 1. 467 Flat female 365. 6 342. 4 0. 966 464. 4 522. 7 1. 135

78. 5 105. 0 0. 419 89. 2 1 12. 7 0. 193

From Table 6, it can be seen that the estimation accuracy of foraging time and rumination time due to impact is slightly worse during estrus and immediately before delivery. Conversely, by using this characteristic, estrus can be discovered.

As an example of the measurement results of the acceleration of moored cattle in the evening stall, Fig. 33 shows the measurement results of the acceleration of cattle N 0.19 for 4 hours. Figure 34 shows a graph of the moving average of the accelerations measured in this way.

As described above, according to the ruminant health management system according to this embodiment, the following various advantages can be obtained. In other words, since the collar 1 3 fitted with the caro velocity / temperature measurement module 1 2 can be managed simply by fitting it to the neck 1 1 a of the ruminant 1 1, it does not require the labor of the user and is simple, Also, it is not necessary to put a burden on ruminants 1 1. In addition, since the ratio of foraging time to rumination time can be seen, it is possible to grasp the health status, estrus and pre-partum status of cattle. Also, by looking at the order of ruminant feeding, it is possible to determine the strength of individuals in the population. In addition, the status of foraging / rumination can be ascertained regardless of the breeding method, that is, whether fleece, grazing or tying.

More specifically, for example, all diseases accompanied by various symptoms that reduce food consumption (digestive disorders, metabolic diseases such as ketosis, mastitis, leg-and-hoe disorders), abnormal rumen fermentation due to lack of roughage For dairy cattle and dairy cows, early detection of abnormalities such as prediction of reduced milk fat rate, social position in ruminant groups such as cattle herds (struggling and lack of feed intake due to hostile behavior), imminent delivery, and estrus Therefore, ruminant health management and estrus cycle management can be easily performed.

Although one embodiment and example of the present invention have been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and example. However, various modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible. For example, the numerical values, structures, shapes, and the like given in the above-described embodiments and examples are merely examples, and different numerical values, structures, shapes, etc. may be used as necessary.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily grasp the health status, estrus and delivery timing of ruminants such as cows without burdening the ruminant.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. An acceleration sensor attached to a collar fitted to the ruminant's neck, which measures acceleration in the front-rear direction when viewed from the ruminant and / or a temperature sensor which measures the temperature of the lower jaw and body of the ruminant A ruminant health management system characterized by comprising:

2. a memory for recording acceleration data and / or temperature data measured by the acceleration sensor and / or the temperature sensor, and an external output for outputting the acceleration data and / or the temperature data recorded in the memory to the outside The ruminant health management system according to claim 1, further comprising: means.

3. If the acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor shows a positive value that exceeds a predetermined value for a certain period of time, the ruminant is in a fed state and continues to maintain the predetermined value for a certain period of time. 2. The ruminant according to claim 1, wherein the ruminant is judged to be ruminant when it shows a negative value below, and the ruminant is judged to be resting when it shows a value within a predetermined range for a certain period of time. Health management system.

4. The ruminant is determined to be in an abnormal state when a pattern of the acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor is different from a pattern of accumulated acceleration data in the same time zone of the same individual. Range of ruminant health management system as described in 1.

5. The ruminant is determined to be in an estrus state when it shows a pattern in which a difference between the acceleration data and the cumulative acceleration data exceeds a predetermined value. Health management system.

6. The collar is configured such that when the head of the ruminant is raised vertically, the temperature sensor approaches the body of the ruminant and the head of the ruminant is suspended. 2. The ruminant health management system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is attached so as to approach the lower jaw of the ruminant when lowered in a straight direction.

7. If the difference in temperature of the ruminant lower jaw relative to the temperature of the ruminant body measured by the temperature sensor shows a positive value, the ruminant is in the foraging state, negative 2. The ruminant health management system according to claim 1, wherein when the value is indicated, the ruminant is determined to be ruminant.

8. The temperature difference data pattern of the ruminant lower jaw temperature relative to the temperature of the ruminant body measured by the temperature sensor, and the cumulative temperature difference data pattern of the same individual in the same time zone 2. The ruminant health management system according to claim 1, wherein the ruminant is determined to be in an abnormal state when they are different from each other.

9. The ruminant according to claim 8, wherein the ruminant is determined to be in an estrus state when a pattern in which a difference between the temperature difference data and the accumulated temperature difference data exceeds a predetermined value is indicated. Animal health management system.

10. When the difference between the temperature difference data and the accumulated temperature difference data shows a pattern that is less than a predetermined value, the ruminant is determined to be in a poor physical condition or a state immediately before delivery. The rumination animal health care system according to claim 8.

1 1. The external output means is radio wave transmission, a receiving device for receiving data transmitted by the radio wave, a memory for recording data transmitted by connecting to the receiving device, 3. The ruminant health management system according to claim 2, further comprising an analysis device that performs an operation with a predetermined algorithm for data stored in the memory.

1 2. Measure the longitudinal acceleration on the ruminant's neck as viewed from the ruminant. Wearing a collar fitted with an acceleration sensor to measure and / or a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the lower jaw and body of the ruminant, acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor and / or the temperature sensor and / or A ruminant health management method characterized by managing the health of the ruminant based on temperature data.

1 3. A ruminant characterized in that it is equipped with an acceleration sensor for measuring longitudinal acceleration as viewed from the ruminant and / or a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the lower jaw and body of the ruminant. Collar for health care system.