WO2008037233A1

WO2008037233A1 - Method for the analysis of a fault in an electrical supply system

Info

Publication number: WO2008037233A1
Application number: PCT/DE2006/001724
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jörg Peters; Jöm Pfeil; Stefan Schwabe
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2006-09-26
Filing date: 2006-09-26
Publication date: 2008-04-03
Also published as: DE112006004153A5

Abstract

The method is used for the analysis of a fault in an electrical supply system, which comprises a plurality of subsections (3). Measured variables (IL1 - IL3, 10) are detected in the subsections (3) and are investigated to ascertain which of the subsections (3) has a fault. At least one of the measured variables (IL1 - IL3, 10) detected in the faulty subsection (3) is represented in a first subregion (4) of a display window (1) as a measured variable time profile (6-9). The faulty subsection (3) is represented as a system map (10) in a second subregion (5) of the display window (1). The system map (10) is displayed in a state which the faulty subsection (3) has at an inspection time which is determined by a present position of a pointer (35), which is capable of moving to and fro in any desired manner along the measured variable time profile (6-9).

Description

description

Method for analyzing a fault in an electrical supply network

The invention relates to a method for analyzing a fault in an electrical supply network, which comprises a plurality of subsections.

These sections of the supply network may be, for example, so-called fields. In the event of a fault, field devices provided for control and / or monitoring, such as Protection devices, combined control / protection devices, fault recorders or the like. , the time histories of measured values for electrical variables, such as currents and voltages, and for control or status signals as fault records. In addition, a fault log is created with all events occurring shortly before and after the occurrence of a fault in the subsection with a temporal assignment.

At present, the operator analyzes a fault by means of these fault records and fault logs manually and stepwise according to the entries in the fault log. It is u.a. Determines which equipment is affected, how the fault has timed, if and how the installed network protection mechanisms have functionally and temporally reacted, and if and how the switching devices have triggered. However, the fault logs are often very large and confusing. They also contain many information that is irrelevant to troubleshooting. Overall, the manual accident analysis is often complex and time-consuming.

The object of the invention is therefore to specify a method of the type described at the beginning, which allows a faster and easier analysis of a fault. This object is achieved by the features of independent claim 1. The method according to the invention is one in which measured variables are detected in the subsections and then examined, which of the subsections is faulty, at least one of the measured variables detected in the faulty subsection is represented in a first portion of a display window as at least one Meßgrößenzeitverlauf, the noisy subsection is represented as a network map in a second portion of the display window in particular schematically and the network image is displayed in a state that has the noisy subsection at a viewing time, by a current Position of a along the Meßgrößenzeitverlaufs back and forth movable pointer is determined.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that it can be carried out at least partially automated. The operators are already displayed on a single display window without their own intervention as many of the disturbance-related, so the protection-specific information. Here, the less important for the accident analysis entries of the fault logs are omitted from the outset. In addition, the temporal disturbance sequence can be easily reconstructed in the mesh image representation by means of a corresponding movement of the pointer along the measured variable time profile-both in the forward and in the reverse direction. The state representation of the network image changes with the movement of the pointer. This makes it possible to see at a glance where and when which accident-relevant event occurred in the subsection under consideration.

In contrast to the previously practiced analysis method, in which ordered event information is painstakingly evaluated by hand according to their respective place of origin or according to their respective time of origin, in the method according to the invention the disturbance becomes the focus of the representation. and analysis. The preparation is therefore based on the actual goal of the operator. All relevant information is displayed grouped around the fault so that the fault sequence can be analyzed in a simple, comprehensive, pictorial and protection-centered manner. This saves valuable time. The operating personnel can quickly decide whether and, if so, what measures must be taken.

Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention emerge from the features of the claims dependent on claim 1.

Convenient are variants in which certain events and / or information are displayed in the display window at all or in a particularly emphasized manner, for example by means of a special colored marking. In each case, the comprehensibility and the analysis of the disturbance are additionally improved. The following display variants are particularly advantageous in this regard.

In a first variant, a fault location within the faulty subsection can be recognized and particularly marked, preferably marked in color, in the network image. The fault location comprises in particular the indication of a faulty primary component or, in the case of a more complex primary component, such as a generator or a transformer, a faulty part of this primary component. However, it is also possible to show a faulty partial transmission line-a-l-s error location.

According to another variant, parts of the interference-affected portion which are under voltage at the selected viewing time point are particularly marked, preferably marked in color, in the network image. In a further variant, each subsection comprises primary components, such as power lines, circuit breakers, disconnectors and earth switches, transformers and generators, and at least one secondary component, which is designed, in particular, as a control / protection device assigned to the respective subsection. In the network image, the primary components, the at least one secondary component, as well as protection or control functions implemented in the at least one secondary component are displayed in particular schematically and in single-line representation.

According to another variant, the protective functions are marked differently depending on their excitation and triggering state, in particular marked in different colors.

In a further variant, the protective or control functions which are deactivated or blocked at the selected viewing time point are particularly marked, preferably marked by a weaker contouring than that of the activated protective or control functions. For example, the disabled or blocked protection or control functions may be greyed out. It can be seen at a glance that these functions are irrelevant here. You do not need to be taken into account in the upcoming troubleshooting5.

According to another variant, to the selected analysis date valid status information of the primary component or the selected BeträchtungsZeitpunkt erfassteΘ ^~~ Messwertre-mi-t-tel ^ - ^ US ^ -fc ^ i-nf-ORMA-ferά-ons f-ene sfe-e-rn-in-the-ne-fe-z-image. Thus, the user does not need this information otherwise, for example, from the given in the first portion of the display window time courses to determine themselves. This increases the analysis speed.

In another variant, the additional information windows only after specific request in the network image appears. This avoids overloading the network image. The additional information windows are only visible if the user so desires. The specific request can be easily accomplished, for example, by moving a mouse pointer to the corresponding location in the network image or by clicking this location in the network image.

According to another variant, the faulty subsection is assigned a control / protection device. State information displayed in the network image is selected from a disturbance protocol generated by the control / protection device and from further message lists and measured values available in the control / protection device, wherein the selection is in particular automatically made such that the displayed state information relates to the disturbance exhibit. This ensures that the user, on the one hand, has access to all the information needed for the analysis, although information that is not included in the fault records and the fault logs may also play a role here. On the other hand, unnecessary information is not displayed.

In a further variant, at least one further subsection of the supply network is shown in the second subarea of the display window except for the faulty subsection. This will provide a more complete picture of the disturbance and its impact on other parts of the supply network. The status information of the further subsection which is displayed originates from this ii.sbeaondBrH-vOTr-e ± nsm- ^ edrterer ^^ -das-the further subsection is assigned to the control and / or monitoring. The method then uses input information from several control / protection devices. It is then carried out in multi-device operation.

Further features, advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows: 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a two-part display window of a device for analyzing a network disturbance with measurement time series shown in the left-hand sub-area and with a network image shown in the right-hand sub-area at a time of observation during the occurrence of the network disturbance and FIG

2 shows the display window according to FIG. 1 with the network image represented in the right-hand subarea at a time of consideration after the occurrence of the network fault.

Corresponding parts are provided in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the same reference numerals.

1 shows a display window 1 of an analysis device (not shown) for evaluating a disturbance occurring in an electrical supply network. Although this analysis takes place promptly to the onset of the disturbance, it does not occur at the same time. It takes place later and offline.

The supply network, also not shown in detail, is composed of several sections designated as fields.

25 men. Each subsection is identified by means of a field device, e.g. is designed as a combined control / protection device 2, controlled and monitored. If a fault occurs within one of the subsections, this is at least from the control / protection device 2 of the affected subsection 3

-3t -recognized -;: - Ks-zei-chΩ «- t - ^ - ar ^ i ± f4i-M-Sfeör-seh ^ riebe-f-üa ^ -the - capture-fair measures and creates a disturbance record all network and control events occurring or recorded before and after the occurrence of the incident. The measured variables recorded as fault records can be mains currents,

35 mains voltages, switch positions, other state signals and also act in particular binary control signals. In the display window 1, the information required for the evaluation of the disorder is displayed in a compressed and quickly detectable manner. Information which is less important for the analysis, but which is nevertheless contained in the fault records and disturbance reports, which have hitherto always been evaluated, is omitted. In particular, in the display window 1 exactly the subsection 3 is displayed, which has been recognized as having interference. The remaining sections are initially disregarded. If necessary, they can also be shown in principle.

The display window 1 is bisected into left and right sections 4 and 5, respectively. In the left-hand subarea 4, measured time profiles 6 to 9 of measured variables recorded in the faulty 5 subsection 3 are shown. These measurement time profiles 6 to 9 are taken from the fault records.

In the right-hand subarea 4, a network image 10 of the interference-prone subsection 3, which in the exemplary embodiment is a transformer field between a 110 kV high-voltage subnetwork 11 and two 30 kV medium-voltage subnets 12 and 13, is shown. Other primary components included are a transformer 14 and power switches 15, 16 and 17, which are arranged in the transformer lead or in the two transformer leads. Current transformers 18, 19 and 20 are also provided in each of these lines for detecting conductor currents IL1, IL2 and IL3 flowing in the respective line. The transformer 14 is designed with earthed star point, wherein in a terrestrial

SrQ ttmg-Hetiir- ^j wei-texer-St ^ romw ^^ punkterdstroms 10 is provided.

Furthermore, the subsection 3 contains a secondary component in the form of the control / protection device 2, which is shown in the network image 10 at 35. The current transformers 18 to 21 deliver current measured values to the connected control / protection device 2 on the input side. In addition, the control / protection device 2 by means of control Cables connected to the circuit breakers 15 to 17 on the output side.

Many protective or control functions are implemented in the control / protection device 2, some of which are also registered in the network image 10, namely those relevant to the currently present fault in the subsection 3. The displayed functions are logically grouped. Specifically, there is a circuit breaker function group 22 for controlling and monitoring the circuit breaker 15, a Zulei- tion function group 23 for monitoring a transformer feed line, a star point function group 24 for monitoring the grounded transformer star point, a neutral function group 25 for Monitoring of the earth or neutral conductor of the transformer 14, a transformer function group 26 for monitoring the transformer 14, two derivative function groups 27 and 28 for monitoring the two transformer leads and two more circuit breaker function groups 29 and 30 for control and monitoring der0 circuit breaker 29 and 30, respectively.

Each of the named function groups 22 to 30 comprises at least one protection or control function 31, which is indicated in the network image 10 in each case by a circle symbol. If required, additional letter or number sequences can be noted in the 5 circle symbols, which designate the respective protection or control function 31 in more detail.

For reasons of a particularly clear display, the network map 10 is provided with the simplified and schematized single-line representation. In this type of representation, only one phase of the conductor is displayed in each case, although the supply network and, accordingly, virtually all the primary components of the subsection 3 are in fact three-phase.

In addition to the pure single-line display, status or status information is included in the display of the network image 10 recorded. This status information and also the other data required for the display of the network image 10 are taken from the fault log and from further message lists and measured values available in the control / protection device 2.

A portion of this state information is represented by means of additional information windows 32. The latter, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, can be an integral part of the displayed network image 10. Likewise, however, an alternative embodiment is possible in which the additional information windows 32 are only displayed on request by the user of the analysis device in the network image 10. In the exemplary embodiment, measured values of the conductor currents IL1-IL3 and of the neutral point current 10 valid in the additional information windows 32 are indicated for the respective time of observation.

Further easily recognizable status information contained in the network image 10 are the switch positions of the circuit breakers 15 - 17. Due to the different coloration of the symbol boxes and the self-explanatory closed or open switch symbol entered therein, it can be seen at a glance whether the respective circuit breaker 15-17 are closed (see FIG. 1) or opened (see FIG. 2).

Likewise, one can immediately grasp which primary component or which part of a primary component is affected by stagnation. The affected (sub) component is also displayed as specially colored, as is the affected protective function that has responded due to the fault. In the first occurring excitation of the protective function is a first color change, for example, yellow (see FIG 1). If it then comes to the final triggering of the protection function, for example, associated with switching operations, another color change, for example, to red (see FIG 2). In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, a fault is present in the transformer 14. As can be seen from the corresponding additional information window 32, a neutral neutral point current IO, which differs from zero, flows in the ground line. This is detected by one of the neutral conductor function group 25 assigned transformer neutral protective function 33. It then initiates the protective excitation (see FIG. 1) or triggering (see FIG. 1) or triggering (see FIG. 2), marked by a yellow (see FIG. 1) and red (see FIG. 2) coloring of the symbols of the transformer 14 and the transformer neutral protective function 33.

Another status information displayed in the network map 10 is the activation status of the individual protection or control functions 31. Deactivated protection or control functions 34 are identified in the network image 10 by a less contoured, in particular greyed out representation.

In principle, the display of further status information is possible. Thus, primary components under voltage can be displayed differently in color than voltage-free primary components.

The network image 10 is reproduced in FIG. 1 at a first time of consideration, which after the occurrence of the fault is still before the protection trip, and in FIG. 2 at a second time of viewing shortly after the protection trip.

The viewing time displayed in each case in the right-hand sub-area 5 can be freely released by moving a time-marker 35 along the time axis in the diagrams of the left-hand page

Determine subarea 4. In this respect, there is a coupling between the two subregions 4 and 5. By continuously shifting the time hand 35 along the time axis, the user of the analysis device can display the timing of the fault and the measures introduced in the network image 10. This replica can be done in forward and reverse directions. The measured variable time courses 6 to 9 reproduced in the left-hand subarea 4 are the time profiles of the conductor currents IL1, IL2 and IL3 detected by the current transformer 18 and of the neutral point current 10 detected by the current transformer 21. A timing advance and retrace at one trigger time 36 is shown in each case the protection trip and thus the shutdown by the circuit breaker 15 to 17 takes place. The measurement time course 9 of the neutral point current IO, which differs from zero before the trigger time 36, is an indication of an existing fault. The fault occurs before the trigger time 36. After the switch-off to the trigger time point 36, all currents IL1, IL2, IL3 and 10 are forced to equal zero. In principle, other or additional measured values or signals, for example certain binary control signals of the electronics of the control / protection device 2, can also be displayed in the left-hand subarea 4.

In addition, the placement of the two sections 4 and 5 relative to each other and within the display window 1 can be done differently than in FIGS. 1 and 2. Likewise, the number of two subregions 4 and 5 is not meant to be limiting. It is also possible to provide further subregions, e.g. a third subarea, in which the fault logs or other report lists can be displayed, if required.

The information displayed in the display window 1 at least partially automated allows a very fast and comprehensive analysis of the fault and also of the protective measures introduced. The user of the analysis device can thus quickly decide whether and which steps are yet to be initiated.

Claims

claims

1. A method for analyzing a disturbance in an electrical supply network, which comprises a plurality of subsections (3), wherein a) in the subsections (3) measured variables (ILl - IL3, 10) are detected and then examined which of the subsections (3) is troublesome, b) at least one of the measured variables (ILI-IL3, 10) detected in the faulty subsection (3) is present in a first subarea (4) of a display window (1) as at least one measurement time profile (6 - 9), c) the interference-prone subsection (3) is displayed as a network image (10) in a second subregion (5) of the display window (1) and d) the network image (10) is displayed in a state that the interference-prone one Subsection (3) at a viewing time has, which is determined by a current position of a along the Meßgrößenzeitverlaufs (6-9) arbitrarily reciprocable pointer (35).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a fault location within the interference-prone subsection (3) recognized and particularly marked, preferably colored specially marked, in the network image (10) is shown.

3. The method according to claim 1, marked thereby, that at the selected viewing time under

Voltage-standing parts of the interference-prone subsection (3) are particularly marked, preferably marked in color, in the mesh image (10).

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each subsection contains primary components (11-21) and at least one secondary component (2), which in particular is assigned as a control element assigned to the respective subsection (3). ER- / protection device (2) is formed, comprises, and in the network ^• the primary components of imaging (11-21), said at least one secondary component (2) and in the at least one secondary component (2) realized protection or control functions (31, 33, 34) are shown.

5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the protective functions (33) are marked differently depending on their excitation and triggering state, in particular marked in a different color.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that of the protection or control functions (34) at the selected viewing time deactivated or blocked specially marked, preferably marked by a weaker contouring than that of the activated protection or control functions (31, 33) , being represented.

7. The method according to claim 4, marked thereby, that applicable at the selected viewing time point

Status information of primary components (11 - 21) or measured values acquired at the selected viewing time are displayed in the network map (10) by means of additional information windows (32).

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the additional information window (32) are displayed only after specific request in the network image (10).

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the faulty subsection (3) is associated with a control / protection device (2) and in the network image (10) displayed state information from one of the control / protection device (2) generated fault log and off further in the control / protection device (2) available message lists and measured values are selected, the selection so it is found that the displayed status information has a relation to the fault.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the second partial area (5) in addition to the interference-prone subsection (3) at least one further subsection of the supply network is displayed.