WO2007077138A1 - Enhanced oil recovery process and a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide - Google Patents
Enhanced oil recovery process and a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007077138A1 WO2007077138A1 PCT/EP2006/070053 EP2006070053W WO2007077138A1 WO 2007077138 A1 WO2007077138 A1 WO 2007077138A1 EP 2006070053 W EP2006070053 W EP 2006070053W WO 2007077138 A1 WO2007077138 A1 WO 2007077138A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carbon dioxide
- membrane
- gas
- hydrocarbons
- gaseous mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002453 autothermal reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyaramide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001991 steam methane reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011275 tar sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/225—Multiple stage diffusion
- B01D53/226—Multiple stage diffusion in serial connexion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems
- E21B41/0057—Disposal of a fluid by injection into a subterranean formation
- E21B41/0064—Carbon dioxide sequestration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
- B01D2317/08—Use of membrane modules of different kinds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0405—Purification by membrane separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/048—Composition of the impurity the impurity being an organic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
- C01B2203/86—Carbon dioxide sequestration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/70—Combining sequestration of CO2 and exploitation of hydrocarbons by injecting CO2 or carbonated water in oil wells
Definitions
- This invention relates to a process for the enhanced recovery of hydrocarbons, especially oil, from a subsurface reservoir by injecting a carbon dioxide containing gas into the reservoir, in combination with the production of hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide from a hydrocarbonaceous stream, especially a natural gas stream.
- This invention also relates to a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide.
- Enhanced oil recovery involves non-conventional techniques for recovering more hydrocarbons out of subsurface reservoirs than is possible by natural production mechanisms (primary oil recovery) or by the injection of water or gas (secondary oil recovery) .
- primary oil recovery or by the injection of water or gas
- secondary oil recovery or by the injection of water or gas.
- hydrocarbons are to move through the reservoir rock to a well, the pressure under which the hydrocarbons exist in the reservoir must be greater than that at the well bottom.
- the rate at which the hydrocarbons move towards the well depends on a number of features, which include the pressure differential between the reservoir and the well, permeability of the rock, layer thickness and the viscosity of the hydrocarbons.
- the initial reservoir pressure is usually high enough to lift the hydrocarbons from the producing wells to the surface, but as the hydrocarbons are produced, the pressure decreases and the production rate starts to decline. Production, although declining, can be maintained for a time by naturally occurring processes such as expansion of the gas in a gas cap, gas release by the hydrocarbons and/or the influx of water.
- a more extensive description of natural production mechanisms can be found in the Petroleum Handbook, 6th edition, Elsevier, Amsterdam/New York, 1983, p. 91-97. See also the Petroleum Engineering Handbook, (Bradley (Ed.), Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, Texas 1992 (ISBN 1-55563-010-3), Chapter 42- 47.
- the hydrocarbons not producible, or left behind, by the conventional, natural recovery methods may be too viscous or too difficult to displace or may be trapped by capillary forces.
- the recovery factor (the percentage of hydrocarbons initially contained in a reservoir that can be produced by natural production mechanisms) can vary from a few percent to about 35 percent. Worldwide, primary recovery is estimated to produce on average some 25 percent of the hydrocarbons initially in place.
- the use of carbon dioxide for enhanced oil recovery is known.
- the carbon dioxide can be injected at sufficiently high pressure to enhance the recovery of the hydrocarbons.
- the carbon dioxide can dissolve in the hydrocarbons and reduce their viscosity, which enhances the recovery of hydrocarbons from the reservoir.
- Carbon dioxide can be recovered from a number of sources but the sources are typically impure, containing other gases such as hydrogen, nitrogen, hydrocarbons, especially C1-C4 hydrocarbon, and/or carbon monoxide.
- a process for enhanced oil recovery comprising: injecting a carbon dioxide containing stream into a subsurface reservoir to enhance the recovery of hydrocarbons from the reservoir, wherein the carbon dioxide containing stream has been obtained from a gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, optionally C1-C4 hydrocarbons and optionally inerts, by: (i) utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen from the gaseous mixture; and then,
- the gaseous mixture is especially heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas.
- HPS heavy paraffin synthesis
- the gaseous mixture is heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas from a Fischer- Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis process, more preferably a cobalt catalyst based Fischer-Tropsch process.
- the gaseous mixture may comprise heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas.
- HPS off-gas will contain a certain amount of unconverted synthesis gas (i.e. carbon monoxide and hydrogen) , carbon dioxide, C1-C4 hydrocarbons (formed in the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction) and, optionally, inerts (mainly nitrogen and some argon) .
- HPS off-gas will contain 10-40 wt% hydrogen, especially 15-35 vol%, 20-65 vol% Co, especially 30-55 vol%, 10-50 vol% CO2, especially 15-
- the invention also provides a process for enhanced oil recovery in combination with the production of liquid hydrocarbons from synthesis gas, the process comprising: (a) converting synthesis gas into normally liquid hydrocarbons, normally gaseous hydrocarbons, especially liquefied petroleum gas, and optionally normally solid hydrocarbons at elevated temperatures and pressures, optionally followed by hydroconversion of the hydrocarbons obtained;
- step (b) recovering heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas from said conversion of synthesis gas into normally liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons in step (a) , the off-gas comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, C]_-C4 hydrocarbons and optionally inerts;
- HPS heavy paraffin synthesis
- step (d) recovering hydrocarbons from a subsurface reservoir using at least a portion of the first stream enriched in carbon dioxide produced in step (c) .
- the term "normally” refers to STP-condition, i.e. 0 0 C and 1 bar.
- the invention also provides a process for the production of carbon dioxide, the process comprising: (a) obtaining a gaseous mixture comprising heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas from a Fischer-Tropsch process, the off-gas comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, C1-C4 hydrocarbons and inerts, ; (b) utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen from the HPS off-gas, and then utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide from the HPS off-gas.
- HPS heavy paraffin synthesis
- the inerts in HPS off-gas are mainly nitrogen and argon.
- the nitrogen may be present in an amount up till 55 vol%, suitably 15-50 vol%.
- the invention also provides a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide, the process comprising injecting a carbon dioxide containing stream into a subsurface formation, wherein the carbon dioxide containing stream has been obtained from a gaseous mixture, comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, optionally C1-C4 hydrocarbons and optionally inerts, such as heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas, by utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen from the gaseous mixture, and then utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide from the gaseous mixture.
- a gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, optionally C1-C4 hydrocarbons and optionally inerts, such as heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas
- the hydrocarbonaceous stream to be used in the present invention is suitably natural gas, associated gas, coal bed methane or mixtures thereof. These gas streams usually contain at least 60 vol% methane based on the total stream, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%. The remaining compound usually will be ethane, propane, butane and minor amounts of higher alkanes. Some inerts may be present, e.g. nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide, usually less than 10 vol% each, preferably less than 5 vol% each, based on the total stream.
- the hydrocarbonaceous stream may also be coal, biomass, residual oil fractions (including tar sand oils), peat, municipal waste etc.
- the hydrocarbonaceous stream is reacted with oxygen and/or steam to provide synthesis gas, e.g. by means of (catalytic) partial oxidation or by steam/autothermal reforming.
- synthesis gas e.g. by means of (catalytic) partial oxidation or by steam/autothermal reforming.
- the first membrane is adapted to allow the passage of hydrogen but resist the passage of the remaining gases.
- the second membrane is adapted to allow the passage of carbon dioxide but resist the passage of the remaining gases.
- the HPS off-gas may be at a pressure of between 20 - 100 bar, preferably 40 - 80 bar.
- the second stream may be used as fuel gas for a gas to liquids plant in particular the second stream could be used for a turbine, or to heat a steam methane reforming unit, or especially, can be used as the feed to a stream methane reforming unit, for example.
- Sequestration in a subsurface formation is typically when carbon dioxide is injected into a closed off or depleted reservoir from which no further production of hydrocarbons is planned.
- the subsurface formation need not be a hydrocarbon reservoir since when sequestration is required without enhanced oil recovery, the carbon dioxide may be injected into an area of the subsurface formation which did or did not contain hydrocarbons.
- the first membrane may comprise a metal based membrane, and is suitably a palladium based membrane.
- a metal based membrane is suitably a palladium based membrane.
- ceramic membranes especially microporous silica based membranes.
- polymeric membranes such as polyimide, polyaramide, polyetherimide, could be used.
- the second membrane may be cellulose acetate, a polyimide, a facilitated transport membrane or another type of membrane, e.g. a zeolite silica membrane, a polyalkylene-oxide membrane, an ionic liquid membrane or a hydroxyl appathite membrane.
- the first membrane may be at a different, especially a higher, temperature compared to the second membrane.
- the first membrane is at a temperature of between 10-200 °C, preferably 25-120 °C, more preferably 40-100 °C.
- the second membrane is at a temperature of between 10-200 °C, preferably 25-120 °C, more preferably 40-100 °C.
- the first membrane may be at a different pressure compared to the second membrane.
- the first membrane is at a pressure of between 10 and 145 bar, preferably 20-95 bar, more preferably 30-65 bar.
- the second membrane is at a pressure of between 10 and 150 bar, preferably 20 - 100 bar, more preferably 30 - 70 bar.
- Chemicals may be added to the membranes to facilitate hydrogen or carbon dioxide transport, for example the second membrane may comprise amines.
- Chemicals may be added to the first membrane which preferably inhibits carbon dioxide transport. Chemicals may be added to the second membrane which preferably inhibits hydrogen transport.
- Chemicals may also be added to the gas mixture to inhibit or facilitate hydrogen or carbon dioxide transport, e.g. water to enhance swelling.
- An advantage of certain embodiments of the invention is that the level of hydrogen contamination in the stream containing carbon dioxide is reduced compared to certain known systems.
- An advantage of certain embodiments of the invention is that the hydrogen recovered in the first stage can be used as a resource in itself, for example as a fuel gas or, preferably, in a hydrogenation or hydroprocessing facility. Another preferred used of the hydrogen is in the Fischer-Tropsch process, to increase the H2/CO ratio of the syngas.
- membranes in series may be used to extract the hydrogen and/or carbon dioxide. See for a general description of membrane technology "Basic Principles of Membrane Technology, second edition, Marcel Mulder, Kluwen Academic Publishers, 1996.
- the synthesis gas is converted into liquid hydrocarbons by the Fischer-Tropsch process.
- Fischer-Tropsch process is well known to those skilled in the art and involves synthesis of hydrocarbons from a gaseous mixture of syngas, by contacting that mixture at reaction conditions with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.
- Products of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis may range from methane to heavy paraffin waxes.
- the production of methane is minimised and a substantial portion of the hydrocarbons produced have a carbon chain length of a least 5 carbon atoms.
- the amount of C5+ hydrocarbons is at least 60% by weight of the total product, more preferably, at least 70% by weight, even more preferably, at least 80% by weight, most preferably at least 85% by weight.
- Reaction products which are liquid phase under reaction conditions may be separated and removed, optionally using suitable means, such as one or more filters. Internal or external filters, or a combination of both, may be employed. Gas phase products such as light hydrocarbons and water may be removed using suitable means known to the person skilled in the art.
- Fischer-Tropsch catalysts are known in the art, and frequently comprise, as the catalytically active component, a metal from Group VIII of the Periodic Table. (References herein to the Periodic Table relate to the previous IUPAC version of the Periodic Table of Elements such as that described in the 68th Edition of the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (CPC Press)) .
- the catalysts comprise a catalyst carrier.
- the catalyst carrier is preferably porous, such as a porous inorganic refractory oxide, more preferably alumina, silica, titania, zirconia or mixtures thereof.
- the optimum amount of catalytically active metal present on the carrier depends inter alia on the specific catalytically active metal.
- the amount of cobalt present in the catalyst may range from 1 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of carrier material, preferably from 10 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of carrier material.
- the catalytically active metal may be present in the catalyst together with one or more metal promoters or co- catalysts.
- the promoters may be present as metals or as the metal oxide, depending upon the particular promoter concerned. Suitable promoters include oxides of metals from Groups HA, IHB, IVB, VB, VIB and/or VIIB of the Periodic Table, oxides of the lanthanides and/or the actinides.
- the catalyst comprises at least one of an element in Group IVB, VB, VIIB and/or VIIIB of - li ⁇
- the catalyst may comprise a metal promoter selected from Groups VIIB and/or VIII of the Periodic Table.
- Preferred metal promoters include rhenium, manganese, iron, platinum and palladium.
- a most suitable catalyst comprises cobalt as the catalytically active metal and zirconium as a promoter.
- Another most suitable catalyst comprises cobalt as the catalytically active metal and manganese and/or vanadium as a promoter.
- the promoter if present in the catalyst, is typically present in an amount of from 0.001 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of carrier material, preferably 0.05 to 20, more preferably 0.1 to 15. It will however be appreciated that the optimum amount of promoter may vary for the respective elements which act as promoter.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range from 125 to 350 0 C, more preferably 175 to 275 0 C, most preferably 200 to 260 0 C.
- the pressure preferably ranges from 5 to 150 bar abs . , more preferably from 5 to 80 bar abs .
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can be carried out in a slurry phase regime or an ebullating bed regime, wherein the catalyst particles are kept in suspension by an upward superficial gas and/or liquid velocity.
- a multi tubular fixed bed reactor is used.
- Hydrogen and carbon monoxide (synthesis gas) is typically fed to the reactor at a molar ratio in the range from 0.4 to 2.5.
- the hydrogen to carbon monoxide molar ratio is in the range from 1.0 to 2.0.
- Another regime for carrying out the Fischer-Tropsch reaction is a fixed bed regime, especially a trickle flow regime.
- a very suitable reactor is a multitubular fixed bed reactor.
- the invention also provides a hydrocarbon synthesised by a Fischer-Tropsch process, wherein off gas from the Fischer-Tropsch process has been used by a process described herein.
- the hydrocarbon may have undergone the steps of hydroprocessing, preferably hydrogenation, hydroisomerisation and/or hydrocracking.
- the hydrocarbon may be a fuel, preferably naphtha, kero or gasoil, a waxy raffinate or a base oil.
- heavy paraffin syntheses (HPS) off gas from a Fischer-Tropsch plant (not shown) is fed to a first membrane 10 where hydrogen is removed.
- the hydrogen may thereafter be used as a fuel or for other purposes such as used in a hydroprocessing facility of the Fischer-Tropsch plant.
- the hydrogen depleted stream proceeds to a second membrane 20 where carbon dioxide is removed.
- the remaining gases can then proceed back to the Fischer- Tropsch plant where they may be used as a fuel gas for example for a turbine or to heat a steam methane reformer .
- the recovered carbon dioxide stream is recovered at a pressure of 1-20 bara, preferably 5-15 bara which is then directed to a series of gas compressors 11-14. Depending on the pressure of the recovered carbon dioxide, some of the compressors 11-14 may be bypassed. In a preferred embodiment, two or three or even more membranes in series are used. In that way the carbon dioxide may become available at different pressures.
- the first compressor 11 boosts the carbon dioxide to around 5 bara and so in most cases the carbon dioxide can bypass the first compressor since it is typically recovered at a pressure of at least 5 bara.
- the second compressor 12 boosts the pressure to around 15 bara and so when the pressure of the recovered carbon dioxide is at least 15 bara, the second compressor 12 can also be bypassed.
- the third compressor 13 boosts the carbon dioxide to around 50 bara. At this stage the pressurised carbon dioxide may be directed to a dehydration unit 15 and then to a final gas compressor 14 which boosts pressure to around 150 bara.
- the number of gas compressors and the amount of boosting provided may be varied.
- the final pressure required of the carbon dioxide should be sufficient to allow it to be injected into a well. In alternative embodiments the pressure required for this can be more than or less than 150 bara, depending on the well pressure.
- the carbon dioxide can then be injected into a subsurface reservoir in order to enhance the recovery of oil therefrom.
- the carbon dioxide can then be disposed and sequestrated by injection into a subsurface formation. This provides for the disposal of carbon dioxide without releasing it to the atmosphere. Improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the carbon dioxide containing stream to be used in the enhanced oil recovery process of the present invention suitably contains at least 80 vol% of carbon dioxide, preferably 90 vol%, more preferably 96 vol%.
- the amount of nitrogen is suitably less than 10 vol%, more preferably less than 4%, more preferably less than 2%.
- EOR process is considerably less than the miscibility of carbon dioxide.
- Nitrogen is especially suitable for pressure increase of the reservoir, for instance by injection into the gas cap.
- Carbon dioxide is suitably injected via injection wells at high pressure at 200-1200 meters from the production well directly into the oil containing layer. The carbon dioxide will assist transport of the oil to the production well.
- Lower hydrocarbons may be present in relatively large amounts, as these compounds will also increase the transport of the oil via a miscible process mechanism
- C1-C4 hydrocarbon may suitable be present up till 20 vol%, especially 10 vol%.
- the lower hydrocarbons C1-C4 hydrocarbons
- the hydrogen stream obtained in the present invention is preferably used in the Fischer-Tropsch process, especially in any hydrochemical upgrading of the products .
- the carbon dioxide containing stream to be used in the present invention may be combined with other carbon dioxide streams.
- carbon dioxide made in the SMR-process optionally in combination with a hot and/or cold shift process to convert carbon monoxide and water into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, or carbon dioxide extracted from flue gases, e.g. gas turbine flue gases, boiler furnaces flue gas, and/or (especially) SMR-furnace flue gas, may be used.
- flue gases e.g. gas turbine flue gases, boiler furnaces flue gas, and/or (especially) SMR-furnace flue gas
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide, the process comprising injecting a carbon dioxide containing stream into a subsurface formation, wherein the carbon dioxide containing stream has been obtained from a gaseous mixture by utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen within the gaseous mixture, and then utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide within the gaseous mixture. A further aspect of the invention discloses a process for enhanced oil recovery, the process comprising injecting a gaseous mixture comprising carbon dioxide into a subsurface reservoir to enhance the recovery of hydrocarbons from the reservoir, wherein the carbon dioxide content in the gaseous mixture has been enriched by utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen within the gaseous mixture, and then utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide within the gaseous mixture. Typically a carbon dioxide depleted stream is also produced and used as a feed gas or a fuel gas for a gas to liquids plant.
Description
ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY PROCESS AND A PROCESS FOR THE SEQUESTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE
This invention relates to a process for the enhanced recovery of hydrocarbons, especially oil, from a subsurface reservoir by injecting a carbon dioxide containing gas into the reservoir, in combination with the production of hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide from a hydrocarbonaceous stream, especially a natural gas stream. This invention also relates to a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide.
Enhanced oil recovery (sometimes also called tertiary oil recovery) involves non-conventional techniques for recovering more hydrocarbons out of subsurface reservoirs than is possible by natural production mechanisms (primary oil recovery) or by the injection of water or gas (secondary oil recovery) . If hydrocarbons are to move through the reservoir rock to a well, the pressure under which the hydrocarbons exist in the reservoir must be greater than that at the well bottom. The rate at which the hydrocarbons move towards the well depends on a number of features, which include the pressure differential between the reservoir and the well, permeability of the rock, layer thickness and the viscosity of the hydrocarbons. The initial reservoir pressure is usually high enough to lift the hydrocarbons from the producing wells to the surface, but as the hydrocarbons are produced, the pressure decreases and the production rate starts to decline. Production, although declining, can be maintained for a time by naturally occurring processes such as expansion of the gas in a gas cap, gas release by the hydrocarbons and/or
the influx of water. A more extensive description of natural production mechanisms can be found in the Petroleum Handbook, 6th edition, Elsevier, Amsterdam/New York, 1983, p. 91-97. See also the Petroleum Engineering Handbook, (Bradley (Ed.), Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, Texas 1992 (ISBN 1-55563-010-3), Chapter 42- 47.
The hydrocarbons not producible, or left behind, by the conventional, natural recovery methods may be too viscous or too difficult to displace or may be trapped by capillary forces. Depending on the type of hydrocarbons, the nature of the reservoir and the location of the wells, the recovery factor (the percentage of hydrocarbons initially contained in a reservoir that can be produced by natural production mechanisms) can vary from a few percent to about 35 percent. Worldwide, primary recovery is estimated to produce on average some 25 percent of the hydrocarbons initially in place.
In order to increase the hydrocarbon production by natural production mechanisms, techniques have been developed for maintaining reservoir pressure. By such techniques (also known as secondary recovery) the reservoir' s natural energy and displacing mechanism which is responsible for primary production, is supplemented by the injection of water or gas. However, the injected fluid (water or gas) does not displace all the hydrocarbons. An appreciable amount remains trapped by capillary forces in the pores of the reservoir rock and is bypassed. These entrapped hydrocarbons are known as residual hydrocarbons, and it can occupy from 20 to
50 percent, or even more, of the pore volume. See for a more general description of secondary recovery techniques
the above-mentioned Petroleum Handbook, p. 94-96 and the Petroleum Engineering Handbook.
Many enhanced oil recovery techniques are known. They cover techniques such as thermal processes, miscible processes and chemical processes. Examples are heat generation, heat transfer, steam drive, steam soak, polymer flooding, surfactant flooding, the use of hydrocarbon solvents, high-pressure hydrocarbon gas, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. See for a more general description of secondary recovery techniques the above- mentioned Petroleum Handbook, p. 97-110, and the Petroleum Engineering Handbook.
The use of carbon dioxide for enhanced oil recovery is known. The carbon dioxide can be injected at sufficiently high pressure to enhance the recovery of the hydrocarbons. Especially, the carbon dioxide can dissolve in the hydrocarbons and reduce their viscosity, which enhances the recovery of hydrocarbons from the reservoir. Carbon dioxide can be recovered from a number of sources but the sources are typically impure, containing other gases such as hydrogen, nitrogen, hydrocarbons, especially C1-C4 hydrocarbon, and/or carbon monoxide.
Conventional membranes used to recover carbon dioxide from a mixture of gases containing at least carbon dioxide and hydrogen tend to allow passage of the small hydrogen molecules, thus resulting in a carbon dioxide stream containing a significant amount of hydrogen and so membranes are typically not used to separate carbon dioxide from streams which also contain hydrogen. Although the hydrogen in the carbon dioxide will not substantially interfere with the EOR process, it is generally preferred to use it in a different way, e.g. in
a hydroprocessing process or in a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction .
There are environmental limitations on the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a process for enhanced oil recovery, the process comprising: injecting a carbon dioxide containing stream into a subsurface reservoir to enhance the recovery of hydrocarbons from the reservoir, wherein the carbon dioxide containing stream has been obtained from a gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, optionally C1-C4 hydrocarbons and optionally inerts, by: (i) utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen from the gaseous mixture; and then,
(ii) utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide from the gaseous mixture, preferably wherein the gaseous mixture comprises heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas from a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process, more preferably a Fischer-Tropsch process using a cobalt based catalyst .
The gaseous mixture is especially heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas. Preferably the gaseous mixture is heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas from a Fischer- Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis process, more preferably a cobalt catalyst based Fischer-Tropsch process.
The gaseous mixture may comprise heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas. The HPS off-gas will contain a certain amount of unconverted synthesis gas (i.e. carbon monoxide and hydrogen) , carbon dioxide, C1-C4 hydrocarbons (formed in the hydrocarbon synthesis
reaction) and, optionally, inerts (mainly nitrogen and some argon) .
In most cases the HPS off-gas will contain 10-40 wt% hydrogen, especially 15-35 vol%, 20-65 vol% Co, especially 30-55 vol%, 10-50 vol% CO2, especially 15-
45 vol% and 10-55 vol% N2, especially 15-50 vol%.
The invention also provides a process for enhanced oil recovery in combination with the production of liquid hydrocarbons from synthesis gas, the process comprising: (a) converting synthesis gas into normally liquid hydrocarbons, normally gaseous hydrocarbons, especially liquefied petroleum gas, and optionally normally solid hydrocarbons at elevated temperatures and pressures, optionally followed by hydroconversion of the hydrocarbons obtained;
(b) recovering heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas from said conversion of synthesis gas into normally liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons in step (a) , the off-gas comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, C]_-C4 hydrocarbons and optionally inerts;
(c) treating the off-gas by utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen from the gaseous mixture, and then utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide from the gaseous mixture, the second membrane producing a first stream enriched in carbon dioxide and a second stream depleted in carbon dioxide;
(d) recovering hydrocarbons from a subsurface reservoir using at least a portion of the first stream enriched in carbon dioxide produced in step (c) . The term "normally" refers to STP-condition, i.e. 0 0C and 1 bar.
The invention also provides a process for the production of carbon dioxide, the process comprising:
(a) obtaining a gaseous mixture comprising heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas from a Fischer-Tropsch process, the off-gas comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, C1-C4 hydrocarbons and inerts, ; (b) utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen from the HPS off-gas, and then utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide from the HPS off-gas.
The inerts in HPS off-gas are mainly nitrogen and argon. The nitrogen may be present in an amount up till 55 vol%, suitably 15-50 vol%.
The invention also provides a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide, the process comprising injecting a carbon dioxide containing stream into a subsurface formation, wherein the carbon dioxide containing stream has been obtained from a gaseous mixture, comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, optionally C1-C4 hydrocarbons and optionally inerts, such as heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas, by utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen from the gaseous mixture, and then utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide from the gaseous mixture.
The hydrocarbonaceous stream to be used in the present invention is suitably natural gas, associated gas, coal bed methane or mixtures thereof. These gas streams usually contain at least 60 vol% methane based on the total stream, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%. The remaining compound usually will be ethane, propane, butane and minor amounts of higher alkanes. Some inerts may be present, e.g. nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide, usually less than 10 vol% each, preferably less than 5 vol% each, based on the total stream. The hydrocarbonaceous stream may also be coal, biomass, residual oil fractions (including tar sand
oils), peat, municipal waste etc. The hydrocarbonaceous stream is reacted with oxygen and/or steam to provide synthesis gas, e.g. by means of (catalytic) partial oxidation or by steam/autothermal reforming. Typically the first membrane is adapted to allow the passage of hydrogen but resist the passage of the remaining gases.
Typically the second membrane is adapted to allow the passage of carbon dioxide but resist the passage of the remaining gases.
The HPS off-gas may be at a pressure of between 20 - 100 bar, preferably 40 - 80 bar.
The second stream may be used as fuel gas for a gas to liquids plant in particular the second stream could be used for a turbine, or to heat a steam methane reforming unit, or especially, can be used as the feed to a stream methane reforming unit, for example.
Sequestration in a subsurface formation is typically when carbon dioxide is injected into a closed off or depleted reservoir from which no further production of hydrocarbons is planned. The subsurface formation need not be a hydrocarbon reservoir since when sequestration is required without enhanced oil recovery, the carbon dioxide may be injected into an area of the subsurface formation which did or did not contain hydrocarbons.
The first membrane may comprise a metal based membrane, and is suitably a palladium based membrane. Other possibilities are ceramic membranes, especially microporous silica based membranes. Further polymeric membranes, such as polyimide, polyaramide, polyetherimide, could be used.
The second membrane may be cellulose acetate, a polyimide, a facilitated transport membrane or another
type of membrane, e.g. a zeolite silica membrane, a polyalkylene-oxide membrane, an ionic liquid membrane or a hydroxyl appathite membrane.
The first membrane may be at a different, especially a higher, temperature compared to the second membrane.
Typically the first membrane is at a temperature of between 10-200 °C, preferably 25-120 °C, more preferably 40-100 °C.
Typically the second membrane is at a temperature of between 10-200 °C, preferably 25-120 °C, more preferably 40-100 °C.
The first membrane may be at a different pressure compared to the second membrane.
Typically the first membrane is at a pressure of between 10 and 145 bar, preferably 20-95 bar, more preferably 30-65 bar.
Typically the second membrane is at a pressure of between 10 and 150 bar, preferably 20 - 100 bar, more preferably 30 - 70 bar. Chemicals may be added to the membranes to facilitate hydrogen or carbon dioxide transport, for example the second membrane may comprise amines.
Chemicals may be added to the first membrane which preferably inhibits carbon dioxide transport. Chemicals may be added to the second membrane which preferably inhibits hydrogen transport.
Chemicals may also be added to the gas mixture to inhibit or facilitate hydrogen or carbon dioxide transport, e.g. water to enhance swelling. An advantage of certain embodiments of the invention is that the level of hydrogen contamination in the stream containing carbon dioxide is reduced compared to certain known systems.
An advantage of certain embodiments of the invention is that the hydrogen recovered in the first stage can be used as a resource in itself, for example as a fuel gas or, preferably, in a hydrogenation or hydroprocessing facility. Another preferred used of the hydrogen is in the Fischer-Tropsch process, to increase the H2/CO ratio of the syngas.
Rather than one membrane, also two or more membranes in series may be used to extract the hydrogen and/or carbon dioxide. See for a general description of membrane technology "Basic Principles of Membrane Technology, second edition, Marcel Mulder, Kluwen Academic Publishers, 1996.
Preferably the synthesis gas is converted into liquid hydrocarbons by the Fischer-Tropsch process.
The Fischer-Tropsch process is well known to those skilled in the art and involves synthesis of hydrocarbons from a gaseous mixture of syngas, by contacting that mixture at reaction conditions with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.
Products of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis may range from methane to heavy paraffin waxes. Preferably, the production of methane is minimised and a substantial portion of the hydrocarbons produced have a carbon chain length of a least 5 carbon atoms. Preferably, the amount of C5+ hydrocarbons is at least 60% by weight of the total product, more preferably, at least 70% by weight, even more preferably, at least 80% by weight, most preferably at least 85% by weight. Reaction products which are liquid phase under reaction conditions may be separated and removed, optionally using suitable means, such as one or more filters. Internal or external filters, or a combination of both, may be employed. Gas
phase products such as light hydrocarbons and water may be removed using suitable means known to the person skilled in the art.
Fischer-Tropsch catalysts are known in the art, and frequently comprise, as the catalytically active component, a metal from Group VIII of the Periodic Table. (References herein to the Periodic Table relate to the previous IUPAC version of the Periodic Table of Elements such as that described in the 68th Edition of the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (CPC Press)) .
Particular catalytically active metals include ruthenium, iron, cobalt and nickel. Cobalt is a preferred catalytically active metal. Typically, the catalysts comprise a catalyst carrier. The catalyst carrier is preferably porous, such as a porous inorganic refractory oxide, more preferably alumina, silica, titania, zirconia or mixtures thereof.
The optimum amount of catalytically active metal present on the carrier depends inter alia on the specific catalytically active metal. Typically, the amount of cobalt present in the catalyst may range from 1 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of carrier material, preferably from 10 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of carrier material. The catalytically active metal may be present in the catalyst together with one or more metal promoters or co- catalysts. The promoters may be present as metals or as the metal oxide, depending upon the particular promoter concerned. Suitable promoters include oxides of metals from Groups HA, IHB, IVB, VB, VIB and/or VIIB of the Periodic Table, oxides of the lanthanides and/or the actinides. Preferably, the catalyst comprises at least one of an element in Group IVB, VB, VIIB and/or VIIIB of
- li ¬
the Periodic Table, in particular titanium, zirconium, manganese and/or vanadium. As an alternative or in addition to the metal oxide promoter, the catalyst may comprise a metal promoter selected from Groups VIIB and/or VIII of the Periodic Table. Preferred metal promoters include rhenium, manganese, iron, platinum and palladium.
A most suitable catalyst comprises cobalt as the catalytically active metal and zirconium as a promoter. Another most suitable catalyst comprises cobalt as the catalytically active metal and manganese and/or vanadium as a promoter.
The promoter, if present in the catalyst, is typically present in an amount of from 0.001 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of carrier material, preferably 0.05 to 20, more preferably 0.1 to 15. It will however be appreciated that the optimum amount of promoter may vary for the respective elements which act as promoter. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range from 125 to 350 0C, more preferably 175 to 275 0C, most preferably 200 to 260 0C. The pressure preferably ranges from 5 to 150 bar abs . , more preferably from 5 to 80 bar abs . The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can be carried out in a slurry phase regime or an ebullating bed regime, wherein the catalyst particles are kept in suspension by an upward superficial gas and/or liquid velocity. Preferably a multi tubular fixed bed reactor is used. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide (synthesis gas) is typically fed to the reactor at a molar ratio in the range from 0.4 to 2.5. Preferably, the hydrogen to carbon monoxide molar ratio is in the range from 1.0 to 2.0.
Another regime for carrying out the Fischer-Tropsch reaction is a fixed bed regime, especially a trickle flow regime. A very suitable reactor is a multitubular fixed bed reactor. Thus the invention also provides a hydrocarbon synthesised by a Fischer-Tropsch process, wherein off gas from the Fischer-Tropsch process has been used by a process described herein.
The hydrocarbon may have undergone the steps of hydroprocessing, preferably hydrogenation, hydroisomerisation and/or hydrocracking.
The hydrocarbon may be a fuel, preferably naphtha, kero or gasoil, a waxy raffinate or a base oil.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying figure which is a flow diagram showing a carbon dioxide recovery process.
Referring to Fig. 1, heavy paraffin syntheses (HPS) off gas from a Fischer-Tropsch plant (not shown) is fed to a first membrane 10 where hydrogen is removed. The hydrogen may thereafter be used as a fuel or for other purposes such as used in a hydroprocessing facility of the Fischer-Tropsch plant.
The hydrogen depleted stream proceeds to a second membrane 20 where carbon dioxide is removed. The remaining gases can then proceed back to the Fischer- Tropsch plant where they may be used as a fuel gas for example for a turbine or to heat a steam methane reformer . The recovered carbon dioxide stream is recovered at a pressure of 1-20 bara, preferably 5-15 bara which is then directed to a series of gas compressors 11-14. Depending on the pressure of the recovered carbon dioxide, some of
the compressors 11-14 may be bypassed. In a preferred embodiment, two or three or even more membranes in series are used. In that way the carbon dioxide may become available at different pressures. The first compressor 11 boosts the carbon dioxide to around 5 bara and so in most cases the carbon dioxide can bypass the first compressor since it is typically recovered at a pressure of at least 5 bara. The second compressor 12 boosts the pressure to around 15 bara and so when the pressure of the recovered carbon dioxide is at least 15 bara, the second compressor 12 can also be bypassed. The third compressor 13 boosts the carbon dioxide to around 50 bara. At this stage the pressurised carbon dioxide may be directed to a dehydration unit 15 and then to a final gas compressor 14 which boosts pressure to around 150 bara.
In alternative embodiments the number of gas compressors and the amount of boosting provided may be varied. The final pressure required of the carbon dioxide should be sufficient to allow it to be injected into a well. In alternative embodiments the pressure required for this can be more than or less than 150 bara, depending on the well pressure.
The carbon dioxide can then be injected into a subsurface reservoir in order to enhance the recovery of oil therefrom.
Alternatively, the carbon dioxide can then be disposed and sequestrated by injection into a subsurface formation. This provides for the disposal of carbon dioxide without releasing it to the atmosphere. Improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
The carbon dioxide containing stream to be used in the enhanced oil recovery process of the present
invention suitably contains at least 80 vol% of carbon dioxide, preferably 90 vol%, more preferably 96 vol%. The amount of nitrogen is suitably less than 10 vol%, more preferably less than 4%, more preferably less than 2%. The miscibility of nitrogen in the oil fraction in the
EOR process is considerably less than the miscibility of carbon dioxide. Nitrogen is especially suitable for pressure increase of the reservoir, for instance by injection into the gas cap. Carbon dioxide is suitably injected via injection wells at high pressure at 200-1200 meters from the production well directly into the oil containing layer. The carbon dioxide will assist transport of the oil to the production well. Lower hydrocarbons may be present in relatively large amounts, as these compounds will also increase the transport of the oil via a miscible process mechanism C1-C4 hydrocarbon may suitable be present up till 20 vol%, especially 10 vol%. It is observed that from a technical point (high H/C ratio) as from an economical point, it is preferred to use the lower hydrocarbons (C1-C4 hydrocarbons) in the hydrocarbon synthesis process, for instance as feed to the syngas manufacturing unit, or, preferably, as feed for the manufacture of hydrogen. Also the hydrogen stream obtained in the present invention is preferably used in the Fischer-Tropsch process, especially in any hydrochemical upgrading of the products .
The carbon dioxide containing stream to be used in the present invention may be combined with other carbon dioxide streams. For instance carbon dioxide made in the SMR-process, optionally in combination with a hot and/or cold shift process to convert carbon monoxide and water into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, or carbon dioxide
extracted from flue gases, e.g. gas turbine flue gases, boiler furnaces flue gas, and/or (especially) SMR-furnace flue gas, may be used.
Claims
1. A process for enhanced oil recovery, the process comprising: injecting a carbon dioxide containing stream into a subsurface reservoir to enhance the recovery of hydrocarbons from the reservoir, wherein the carbon dioxide containing stream has been obtained from a gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, optionally C1-C4 hydrocarbons and optionally inerts, by: (i) utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen from the gaseous mixture; and then,
(ii) utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide from the gaseous mixture.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous mixture comprises heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas from a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process, preferably a Fischer-Tropsch process using a cobalt based catalyst.
3. A process for enhanced oil recovery in combination with the production of liquid hydrocarbons from synthesis gas, the process comprising:
(a) converting synthesis gas into normally liquid hydrocarbons, normally gaseous hydrocarbons, especially liquefied petroleum gas, and optionally normally solid hydrocarbons at elevated temperatures and pressures, optionally followed by hydroconversion of the hydrocarbons obtained;
(b) recovering heavy paraffin synthesis (HPS) off-gas from said conversion of synthesis gas into normally liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons in step (a) , the off-gas comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, C]_-C4 hydrocarbons and optionally inerts;
(c) treating the off-gas by utilising a first membrane to separate hydrogen from the gaseous mixture, and then utilising a second membrane to separate carbon dioxide from the gaseous mixture, the second membrane producing a first stream enriched in carbon dioxide and a second stream depleted in carbon dioxide;
(d) recovering hydrocarbons from a subsurface reservoir using at least a portion of the first stream enriched in carbon dioxide produced in step (c) .
4. A process as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the first membrane is adapted to allow the passage of hydrogen but resist the passage of the remaining gases, preferably wherein the first membrane comprises a metal based membrane such as a palladium based membrane or wherein the first membrane comprises a ceramic membrane, especially a microporous silica based membrane.
5 A process as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the second membrane is adapted to allow the passage of carbon dioxide but resist the passage of the remaining gases .
6. A process as claimed in claim any preceding claims, wherein the gaseous mixture containing carbon dioxide stream or the HPS off-gas is at a pressure of between 20-100 bar, preferably 40-80 bar.
7. A process as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the second stream is used as feed gas or fuel gas, especially for a gas to liquids plant.
8. A process as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the first membrane is at a temperature of between 10- 150 °C, preferably 25-120 °C, more preferably 40-100 0C and at a pressure of between 10 and 150 bar, preferably 20-100 bar, more preferably 30-70 bar
9. A process as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the second membrane is at a temperature of between 10- 150 °C, preferably 25-120 °C, more preferably 40-100 0C at a pressure of between 10 and 145 bar, preferably 20-95 bar, more preferably 30-65 bar.
10. A process as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein carbon dioxide from the reservoir is produced with the hydrocarbons and at least a portion of the carbon dioxide produced is reinjected into the reservoir.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05113096.1 | 2005-12-30 | ||
EP05113096 | 2005-12-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007077138A1 true WO2007077138A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
Family
ID=37025992
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/070053 WO2007077138A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2006-12-21 | Enhanced oil recovery process and a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO2007077138A1 (en) |
Cited By (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011019477A1 (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-02-17 | General Electric Company | Syngas cleanup section with carbon capture and hydrogen-selective membrane |
WO2011049861A3 (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-08-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated enhanced oil recovery process |
US8123827B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2012-02-28 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for making syngas-derived products |
US8192716B2 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2012-06-05 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Sour shift process for the removal of carbon monoxide from a gas stream |
US8202913B2 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2012-06-19 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8268899B2 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2012-09-18 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8286901B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2012-10-16 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Coal compositions for catalytic gasification |
US8297542B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2012-10-30 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Coal compositions for catalytic gasification |
US8328890B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2012-12-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8349039B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2013-01-08 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Carbonaceous fines recycle |
US8361428B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2013-01-29 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Reduced carbon footprint steam generation processes |
US8366795B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2013-02-05 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Catalytic gasification particulate compositions |
US8479833B2 (en) | 2009-10-19 | 2013-07-09 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated enhanced oil recovery process |
US8502007B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2013-08-06 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Char methanation catalyst and its use in gasification processes |
US8557878B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2013-10-15 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with vanadium recovery |
US8648121B2 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2014-02-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with nickel recovery |
US8647402B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2014-02-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8653149B2 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2014-02-18 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Conversion of liquid heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to gaseous products |
US8652222B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2014-02-18 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Biomass compositions for catalytic gasification |
US8652696B2 (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2014-02-18 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated hydromethanation fuel cell power generation |
US8669013B2 (en) | 2010-02-23 | 2014-03-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated hydromethanation fuel cell power generation |
US8709113B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2014-04-29 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Steam generation processes utilizing biomass feedstocks |
EP2727979A1 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-05-07 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH | Fischer-Tropsch method for producing hydrocarbons from biogas |
US8728183B2 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2014-05-20 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8728182B2 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2014-05-20 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8733459B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2014-05-27 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated enhanced oil recovery process |
US8734547B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-05-27 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for preparing a catalyzed carbonaceous particulate |
US8734548B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-05-27 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for preparing a catalyzed coal particulate |
US8748687B2 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2014-06-10 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8999020B2 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2015-04-07 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for the separation of methane from a gas stream |
US9012524B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2015-04-21 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US9034058B2 (en) | 2012-10-01 | 2015-05-19 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Agglomerated particulate low-rank coal feedstock and uses thereof |
US9034061B2 (en) | 2012-10-01 | 2015-05-19 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Agglomerated particulate low-rank coal feedstock and uses thereof |
US9127221B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2015-09-08 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US9234149B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2016-01-12 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Steam generating slurry gasifier for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US9273260B2 (en) | 2012-10-01 | 2016-03-01 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Agglomerated particulate low-rank coal feedstock and uses thereof |
US9328920B2 (en) | 2012-10-01 | 2016-05-03 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Use of contaminated low-rank coal for combustion |
US9353322B2 (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2016-05-31 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
WO2017146589A1 (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | Hydrogen Mem-Tech As | Hydrogen production from natural gas in combination with injection of co2 for enhanced oil recovery |
US10344231B1 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2019-07-09 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with improved carbon utilization |
US10435637B1 (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2019-10-08 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with improved carbon utilization and power generation |
US10464872B1 (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2019-11-05 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Catalytic gasification to produce methanol |
CN110541690A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-06 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | method for improving recovery ratio by decarbonization of natural gas at gas field wellhead and CO2 reinjection |
US10618818B1 (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2020-04-14 | Sure Champion Investment Limited | Catalytic gasification to produce ammonia and urea |
CN111804373A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-23 | 程雅雯 | Method for manufacturing gravel special for sand prevention and thin production of heavy oil well |
CN112031717A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2020-12-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for exploiting petroleum and oil production system with same |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2007108A (en) * | 1977-11-02 | 1979-05-16 | Monsanto Co | Method for separating gases |
EP0321638A2 (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-06-28 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polyimide gas separation membranes |
US4964886A (en) * | 1988-09-08 | 1990-10-23 | L'Air Lquide, Societe Anonyme pour l'etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and equipment for separating a component of intermediate permeability from a gaseous mixture |
EP0570185A2 (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 1993-11-18 | Bend Research, Inc. | Hydrogen-permeable composite metal membrane and uses thereof |
US5282969A (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1994-02-01 | Permea, Inc. | High pressure feed membrane separation process |
US5332424A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1994-07-26 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hydrocarbon fractionation by adsorbent membranes |
EP1004746A1 (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-05-31 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons |
WO2003000627A2 (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2003-01-03 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Integrated process for hydrocarbon synthesis |
US20030070808A1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-17 | Conoco Inc. | Use of syngas for the upgrading of heavy crude at the wellhead |
WO2004055322A1 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-07-01 | Statoil Asa | A method for oil recovery from an oil field |
-
2006
- 2006-12-21 WO PCT/EP2006/070053 patent/WO2007077138A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2007108A (en) * | 1977-11-02 | 1979-05-16 | Monsanto Co | Method for separating gases |
EP0321638A2 (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1989-06-28 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polyimide gas separation membranes |
US4964886A (en) * | 1988-09-08 | 1990-10-23 | L'Air Lquide, Societe Anonyme pour l'etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and equipment for separating a component of intermediate permeability from a gaseous mixture |
EP0570185A2 (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 1993-11-18 | Bend Research, Inc. | Hydrogen-permeable composite metal membrane and uses thereof |
US5282969A (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1994-02-01 | Permea, Inc. | High pressure feed membrane separation process |
US5332424A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1994-07-26 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hydrocarbon fractionation by adsorbent membranes |
EP1004746A1 (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-05-31 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons |
WO2003000627A2 (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2003-01-03 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Integrated process for hydrocarbon synthesis |
US20030070808A1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-04-17 | Conoco Inc. | Use of syngas for the upgrading of heavy crude at the wellhead |
WO2004055322A1 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-07-01 | Statoil Asa | A method for oil recovery from an oil field |
Cited By (49)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8123827B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2012-02-28 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for making syngas-derived products |
US9234149B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2016-01-12 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Steam generating slurry gasifier for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8366795B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2013-02-05 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Catalytic gasification particulate compositions |
US8709113B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2014-04-29 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Steam generation processes utilizing biomass feedstocks |
US8286901B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2012-10-16 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Coal compositions for catalytic gasification |
US8297542B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2012-10-30 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Coal compositions for catalytic gasification |
US8652222B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2014-02-18 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Biomass compositions for catalytic gasification |
US8349039B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2013-01-08 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Carbonaceous fines recycle |
US8361428B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2013-01-29 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Reduced carbon footprint steam generation processes |
US8999020B2 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2015-04-07 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for the separation of methane from a gas stream |
US8192716B2 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2012-06-05 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Sour shift process for the removal of carbon monoxide from a gas stream |
US8502007B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2013-08-06 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Char methanation catalyst and its use in gasification processes |
US8328890B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2012-12-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8647402B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2014-02-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8202913B2 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2012-06-19 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8734548B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-05-27 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for preparing a catalyzed coal particulate |
US8734547B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-05-27 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for preparing a catalyzed carbonaceous particulate |
US8728183B2 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2014-05-20 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8268899B2 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2012-09-18 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8728182B2 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2014-05-20 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Processes for hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8495882B2 (en) | 2009-08-10 | 2013-07-30 | General Electric Company | Syngas cleanup section with carbon capture and hydrogen-selective membrane |
WO2011019477A1 (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-02-17 | General Electric Company | Syngas cleanup section with carbon capture and hydrogen-selective membrane |
US8479833B2 (en) | 2009-10-19 | 2013-07-09 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated enhanced oil recovery process |
US8479834B2 (en) | 2009-10-19 | 2013-07-09 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated enhanced oil recovery process |
WO2011049861A3 (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-08-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated enhanced oil recovery process |
US8733459B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2014-05-27 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated enhanced oil recovery process |
US8669013B2 (en) | 2010-02-23 | 2014-03-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated hydromethanation fuel cell power generation |
US8652696B2 (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2014-02-18 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Integrated hydromethanation fuel cell power generation |
US8557878B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2013-10-15 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with vanadium recovery |
US8653149B2 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2014-02-18 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Conversion of liquid heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to gaseous products |
US8748687B2 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2014-06-10 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US9353322B2 (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2016-05-31 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US8648121B2 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2014-02-11 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with nickel recovery |
US9127221B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2015-09-08 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US9012524B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2015-04-21 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock |
US9328920B2 (en) | 2012-10-01 | 2016-05-03 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Use of contaminated low-rank coal for combustion |
US9034061B2 (en) | 2012-10-01 | 2015-05-19 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Agglomerated particulate low-rank coal feedstock and uses thereof |
US9034058B2 (en) | 2012-10-01 | 2015-05-19 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Agglomerated particulate low-rank coal feedstock and uses thereof |
US9273260B2 (en) | 2012-10-01 | 2016-03-01 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Agglomerated particulate low-rank coal feedstock and uses thereof |
EP2727979A1 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-05-07 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH | Fischer-Tropsch method for producing hydrocarbons from biogas |
US9090520B2 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2015-07-28 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material-und Küstenforschung GmbH | Fischer-Tropsch process for producing hydrocarbons from biogas |
WO2017146589A1 (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | Hydrogen Mem-Tech As | Hydrogen production from natural gas in combination with injection of co2 for enhanced oil recovery |
US10464872B1 (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2019-11-05 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Catalytic gasification to produce methanol |
US10344231B1 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2019-07-09 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with improved carbon utilization |
US10435637B1 (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2019-10-08 | Greatpoint Energy, Inc. | Hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with improved carbon utilization and power generation |
US10618818B1 (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2020-04-14 | Sure Champion Investment Limited | Catalytic gasification to produce ammonia and urea |
CN112031717A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2020-12-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for exploiting petroleum and oil production system with same |
CN110541690A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-06 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | method for improving recovery ratio by decarbonization of natural gas at gas field wellhead and CO2 reinjection |
CN111804373A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-23 | 程雅雯 | Method for manufacturing gravel special for sand prevention and thin production of heavy oil well |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2007077138A1 (en) | Enhanced oil recovery process and a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide | |
AU2002331205B2 (en) | Tertiary oil recovery combined with gas conversion process | |
WO2007068682A1 (en) | Enhanced oil recovery process and a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide | |
WO2007077137A1 (en) | A process for enhanced oil recovery and a process for the sequestration of carbon dioxide | |
AU2002331205A1 (en) | Tertiary oil recovery combined with gas conversion process | |
AU2006271707B2 (en) | Preparation of syngas | |
EP1004746A1 (en) | Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons | |
US7855235B2 (en) | Method to start a process for producing hydrocarbons from synthesis gas | |
AU2006271760B2 (en) | Multi stage Fischer-Tropsch process | |
US7855236B2 (en) | Method to start a process for producing hydrocarbons from synthesis gas | |
LeViness et al. | Improved Fischer-Tropsch economics enabled by microchannel technology | |
WO2013017700A1 (en) | Process for producing hydrocarbons from syngas | |
AU2002362693B2 (en) | System for power generation in a process producing hydrocarbons | |
AU1027899A (en) | Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons | |
AU2002356086B2 (en) | Process for the preparation of hydrocarbons | |
WO2013056732A1 (en) | Improved process for the conversion of natural gas to hydrocarbons | |
RU2414446C2 (en) | Method of starting process for producing hydrocarbons from synthetic gas | |
WO2007009954A1 (en) | Method to start a process for hydrocarbon synthesis | |
WO2007077139A2 (en) | A process for enhanced oil recovery in combination with the production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas | |
EP1393263A2 (en) | Method to start a process for production of hydrocarbons | |
AU2002344269B2 (en) | Method to start a process for production of hydrocarbons | |
AU2002344269A1 (en) | Method to start a process for production of hydrocarbons | |
WO2006117317A1 (en) | Fischer-tropsch plant |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 06830771 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |