WO2006094950A1 - Gicleur de carburant pourvu de trous d'injection a commande individuelle et injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Gicleur de carburant pourvu de trous d'injection a commande individuelle et injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006094950A1
WO2006094950A1 PCT/EP2006/060460 EP2006060460W WO2006094950A1 WO 2006094950 A1 WO2006094950 A1 WO 2006094950A1 EP 2006060460 W EP2006060460 W EP 2006060460W WO 2006094950 A1 WO2006094950 A1 WO 2006094950A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
closing body
fuel nozzle
nozzle according
closing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/060460
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günter LEWENTZ
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2006094950A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006094950A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel nozzle with a nozzle unit, at the nozzle tip at least one controllable for the fuel outlet injection hole is arranged, or of a Kraftstoffinj ector according to the preamble of the independent claims 1 and 13.
  • injectors or Fuel injectors for injection systems of internal combustion engines the fuel outlet is controlled by a plurality of injection holes, which are arranged on the nozzle tip.
  • the fuel feed to the spray holes is controlled by a centrally located nozzle needle, which is actuated by a drive unit.
  • the nozzle needle is pressed in the non-controlled phase by spring force and / or hydraulically with high pressure force against its valve seat, which is arranged in the lower part of the injection nozzle.
  • all spray holes are closed because they are - seen in the direction of flow of the fuel - arranged behind the valve seat.
  • the nozzle needle is lifted in particular by hydraulic pressure transmission from its valve seat.
  • all spray holes are released simultaneously, so that the fuel can be injected into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • register nozzles which are formed with spray holes arranged in two rows one above the other.
  • the two nozzle needles are usually arranged coaxially to each other and control the two spray holes in succession.
  • corresponding valve seats are formed in the lower part of the nozzle body, wherein each valve seat is assigned a row of holes.
  • At arrival Control of a nozzle needle is thus released the respectively assigned row of holes for the fuel outlet.
  • high hydraulic forces must be overcome in order to lift the nozzle needles from their valve seats.
  • These can be several kN in a common rail injection system. Therefore, a servo valve is often installed in the fuel injector for which a lower control force is needed.
  • the high closing forces are usually generated by spring force with hydraulic assistance. These forces then act directly or indirectly via a servo valve with control piston on one or two nozzle needles, which act as closing members and close or open the spray holes accordingly.
  • the invention is based on the object to improve the control of the injection holes in a fuel nozzle or in a fuel injector. This object is achieved with the characterizing features of the independent claims 1 and 13.
  • a closing member is provided which is formed for each injection hole with a controllable closing body. At its end facing the injection hole, the closing body has a sealing surface with which the associated injection hole can be sealingly closed or opened. It is considered particularly advantageous that the ing forces to open or close the spray holes orders of magnitude lower than in known fuel nozzles. This is because the sealing surface of a closing body is very small, since the injection holes have a diameter which is much smaller than a millimeter. This small sealing surface requires compared to a sealing surface of a known nozzle needle only very low closing forces, which are in the range of a few Newton, while they can be up to several thousand Newton in the known nozzle needle.
  • the solution according to the invention is particularly suitable for direct control of the injection holes.
  • a further advantage is also seen in the fact that the fuel injector according to the invention can be designed and manufactured much more easily, since among other things a complicated and wear-prone servo-valve can be dispensed with.
  • the closing body has a cylindrical shaft, on whose lower end face preferably a conical sealing surface is formed.
  • Sealing surface on a sealing seat of a spray hole this can thus be securely closed or opened again by lifting the conical sealing surface from the spray hole.
  • the trained conical surface is particularly favorable, since it ensures a simple way a secure centering and guiding the closing body in the spray hole.
  • Spray holes definitely have different diameters can be formed, the closing body can be optimally adapted in a simple manner.
  • a guide element is provided, which has a correspondingly formed bore. Due to the guidance in the guide bore of the closing body can be made very thin, without the risk that the closing body kinks or breaks when closing the spray hole.
  • the guide bore in the guide element is designed such that the conical sealing surface of the closing body rests in the axial direction on a sealing seat of the spray hole and / or at least partially immersed in the injection hole.
  • a guide bore corresponding to each injection hole is arranged in the guide element.
  • the guide bores are aligned in extension to the injection hole, so that the individual closing bodies are guided with their sealing surfaces exactly on the corresponding sealing surfaces of the injection holes in order to reliably seal the injection holes.
  • the closing body is advantageously formed as a flexible fiber.
  • a suitable material preferably a glass or metal fiber is used, which is a corresponding
  • Knickfestmaschine has to be able to transfer the necessary compressive forces on the sealing seat of the spray hole.
  • the fibers can be guided in an arc to the spray holes and thus aligned exactly with the spray holes.
  • Manufacturing technology a further advantage is seen in it when the closing body is made, for example, as a separate body in the form of a conical tip or spherical cap. It is then connected to the lower end of the fiber.
  • the closing body is made thicker than the diameter of the fiber or the diameter of the spray hole, so that it can be better and easier adapted to the injection hole.
  • the flexible fibers are anchored distributed on a plurality of drive plates.
  • the drive plates can then be switched through with one or more drive modules either one behind the other or operated independently of each other.
  • Another advantage is that also several small drive elements are installed in the fuel injector can, so that an individual control of the closing body or the injection holes is facilitated.
  • FIG. 1a shows a detail of a sectional view of a fuel nozzle according to the invention
  • FIG. 1 b shows a detail of a spray hole with a closure body on a fiber
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view with a spray hole and a closing body
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of a fuel injector according to the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of two drive plates with two fiber bundles.
  • Figure Ia shows a section of a fuel nozzle according to the invention 1.
  • the fuel nozzle 1 is part of a fuel injector, which is used for example in a common rail injection system for injection of gasoline or diesel in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • a nozzle tip 7 of a nozzle housing 1 of the fuel nozzle with a closing member 10 is shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of spray holes 5 are formed as a rule, which are arranged distributed in a circle around the circumference.
  • the spray holes 5 may have the same or different diameters.
  • the average diameter of a spray hole 5, for example, dl ⁇ 0.1 mm.
  • Smallest injection quantities are used, for example, in a multiple injection, in particular in a pilot injection.
  • the injection holes 5 can be summarized, for example, in two groups or rows, one group having the smaller and the other group then the larger injection holes 5. With such a selective arrangement and a corresponding activation of the groups such as selectively, in succession or in parallel, virtually any injection quantities can be controlled for each injection pulse.
  • the closing member 10 is arranged in an interior 11 of the nozzle housing 1. It has a guide body 3, which is fixed against rotation in the lower part of the nozzle housing 1. It is, for example, positively connected to the nozzle housing 1 or is pressed by means of a spring force F against the bottom of the nozzle housing 1.
  • the guide body 3 is formed with a bore 8, via the fuel, which is under high pressure, for example, up to 2000 bar in the interior 11, can pass into a lower cavity 12.
  • the cavity 12 is connected to the individual spray holes 5, so that the fuel reaches the injection holes 5.
  • the guide body 3 has a plurality of guide holes 9.
  • a separate guide bore 9 is provided for each spray hole 5.
  • the lower end of each guide holes 9 is directed to a respective injection hole 5 and has the same center axis as the injection hole 5 and thus forms without bending an extension to the injection hole 5.
  • the diameter d2 of the guide hole 9 is preferably formed larger than the diameter dl of the Spray hole 5. Since the diameter dl of the spray hole 5 may be on the order of 0.1 mm, the diameter d2 of the guide bore is larger, but also relatively small. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is provided to adapt the bores 9 of the guide body 3 to the respective size of the associated injection holes 5.
  • FIG. 1b shows a further alternative solution of the invention.
  • a closing body 4a is arranged at the lower end of the fiber 4.
  • the closing body 4a is formed, for example, as a cone tip or spherical cap.
  • the closing body 4a is thicker in its diameter than the diameter d3 of the fiber 4 and / or the diameter d1 of the spray hole 5. It appears advantageous if the closing body 4a after insertion of the fiber 4 in the guide member 3 on the lower end the fiber 4 is firmly applied, for example, similar to an arrowhead by welding, gluing, upsetting or the like.
  • Closing body 4a is then sealed the injection hole 5.
  • the guide bores 9 are arranged distributed in the guide body 3 in such a way that they emerge as vertically as possible on the upper end face of the guide body 3.
  • the guide holes 9 are arcuately made by the guide body 3 so that its lower end is aligned with the associated injection hole 5.
  • cylindrical closing body 4 are mounted axially displaceable.
  • the closing bodies are flexible because of their small diameter and can be manufactured as glass fiber, steel fiber or a corresponding other material. Since the guide holes are arcuate, the fibers 4 must the bends are adjusted so that they do not buckle, break or wear out.
  • the sealing surface 6 is preferably formed conically.
  • the injection hole 5 has a corresponding sealing seat D (FIG. 2) as a bearing surface for the cone tip 6.
  • the closing body 4 is formed with a larger diameter in the range of approximately 0.3 mm. This allows the closing body 5 to seal the spray hole
  • FIG 2 shows an enlarged section of the nozzle tip 7 with a spray hole 5 and the conical sealing surface 6 of a closing body 4, as already explained in more detail to Figure 1.
  • the spray hole 5 is formed offset obliquely compared to the central axis of the nozzle housing 1 (see Figure 1).
  • the shooting body 4 is aligned with the injection hole 5.
  • Its conical sealing surface 6 rests on the sealing surface D of the spray hole 5.
  • the conical sealing surface emerges
  • the closing force for the closing body 4 is only a few N, da the diameter d3 of the closing body 4 is in the range of about 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm (with a diameter of the spray hole d1 ⁇ 0, 1 mm) and thus the hydraulically effective surfaces are correspondingly small.
  • the resulting forces are therefore only about 1/1000 of the value that is required in known fuel injectors. This design is therefore very well suited for direct control with a small drive element, as will be explained later.
  • each spray hole 5 is directly sealed by a closing body 4.
  • the nozzle volume which is also directly connected to the combustion chamber of the engine when the nozzle is closed, is much larger, since the nozzle needle can not directly cover the individual injection holes 5, but only prevents the inflow to the spray holes 5.
  • substantially more HC combustion residues are formed in known fuel injectors in the space below the closure than is the case with the subject of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in excerpts, a fuel injector 15 in which the fuel nozzle according to the invention is installed.
  • the fuel nozzle is in the lower part of the
  • Fuel injector 15 installed. (It was not shown in FIG. 3 for reasons of clarity.)
  • the fuel injector 15 according to the invention is constructed much simpler than known fuel injectors, since no servo valve, no powerful drive unit, no control chambers, no complicated high-pressure lines with their sealing problems, etc. are required.
  • the fuel injector 15 according to the invention is ideal for the direct control of the injection holes, since only small control forces are needed.
  • the fuel injector 15 essentially has an injector housing 17, which is formed in its interior with a stepped bore 19.
  • the upper part of the stepped bore 19 is formed with a larger diameter than the lower part, so that a support step 20 is formed. forms.
  • a bearing plate 13 is placed, which is also designed as a guide disc for the closing body or fibers 4 at the same time.
  • the fibers 4 arriving from the guide element 3 are threaded through corresponding slide bores 22 of the bearing disk 13 and anchored at a predetermined distance above the bearing disk 13 in a drive plate 16.
  • the distance to the drive plate 16 is selected so that between the bearing plate 13 and the drive plate 16, a drive element 14 is used.
  • the drive plate 16 thus forms a drive module 21 in connection with the bearing plate 16 and the drive element 14.
  • FIG. 3 shows two fibers 4 which are anchored to the drive plate 16. However, depending on the application further fibers 4 can be combined into a bundle and anchored in the drive plate 16.
  • the drive element 14 is preferably designed as a piezoelectric actuator unit which extends slightly when a control voltage is applied and which resumes its original length after the control voltage has been switched off.
  • the drive plate 16 is pressed with a force FD in the closing direction of the injection holes 5 in order to ensure a safe closing of the injection holes in the non-activated state.
  • the force FD can be generated for example by a compression spring on the drive plate 16 and / or by a tension spring, which is designed, for example, as a tube spring for the drive element 14.
  • a tension spring which is designed, for example, as a tube spring for the drive element 14.
  • the drive plate 16 to provide a corresponding stop which limits the axial freedom of movement of the drive plate 16 in both directions. The operation of this arrangement will be explained in more detail below.
  • the drive plate 16 Due to the extension of the drive element 14, the drive plate 16 is lifted with the anchored fibers 4 slightly upwards. As a result, the conical sealing surfaces 6 (FIG. 1) of the fibers 4 also lift off the spray holes 5, so that the fuel under high pressure can escape. After switching off the control voltage, the fibers 5 are again pressed against the injection holes and close them again. Since the drive member 14 has to apply only low lifting forces and responds very quickly as a piezoelectric actuator unit, the fuel injector according to the invention appears particularly well suited for the control of a multiple injection, since even very short injection pulses with minimal fuel quantities are reproducible and reliable feasible.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • the structure of the fuel injector 15 with the fuel nozzle according to the invention is the same as previously described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • two drive plates 16a, 16b are used in this case.
  • the two drive plates 16a, b are connected in series and, in a preferred embodiment, can be actuated sequentially by a drive element 14. Structurally, this arrangement can be used instead of the drive plate 16 in FIG.
  • two fiber bundles can thus be controlled individually and one after the other and thus two separate rows of spray holes.
  • the lower drive plate 16a shows a schematic representation of how the two closing bodies 4 are guided by the drive plate 16a and are firmly anchored to the drive plate 16a, for example by welding, gluing, squeezing or the like.
  • the connection is designed so that Lifting or lowering movements of the drive plate 16a are completely transferred to the closing body 4.
  • On the upper drive plate 16b three further closing body 4 are shown, which are firmly anchored in the same way with the upper drive plate 16b.
  • the lower drive plate 16a may alternatively also be held and guided by the drive element.
  • the lower drive plate 16a Upon actuation of the lower drive plate 16a by a drive element, the lower drive plate 16a is first pushed up by the predetermined distance Hl (stroke Hl).
  • the stroke Hl is dimensioned so that the two closing body 4 described in this embodiment opens its associated two injection holes. All other spray holes remain closed. Only when the lower drive plate 16a is raised further (beyond the stroke H1) is the upper drive plate 16b also raised. This will then open the remaining spray holes.
  • the two drive plates 16a, b can thus be switched through one behind the other.
  • a further stop at a distance H2 is provided which limits the total stroke of the two drive plates 16a, b.
  • the number of spray holes to be controlled in a fiber bundle can be matched to the desired requirements and is not limited to the embodiments shown in the figures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Dans des injecteurs de carburant connus, les trous d'injection (5) sont habituellement commandés par une ou deux aiguilles d'injecteur de façon simultanée ou en deux groupes. Cependant, la commande simultanée des trous d'injection (5) nécessite de surmonter de grandes forces hydrauliques dues à la construction. Ladite invention concerne donc un gicleur de carburant (1) ou un injecteur de carburant (15), dont les trous d'injection (5) peuvent être commandés individuellement et indépendamment les uns des autres avec de très faibles forces. Pour la fermeture ou l'ouverture d'un trou d'injection individuel (5), un corps de fermeture (4), à l'extrémité inférieure duquel une surface d'étanchéité (6) est formée, est utilisé. Ce corps de fermeture (4) est actionné individuellement par une unité d'entraînement (14), de manière à ouvrir ou fermer le trou d'injection (5) de façon étanche. L'avantage est que l'actionnement des corps de fermeture individuels (4) nécessite des forces de commande beaucoup plus faibles que celles requises pour la commande d'injecteurs de carburant à aiguilles connus.
PCT/EP2006/060460 2005-03-08 2006-03-03 Gicleur de carburant pourvu de trous d'injection a commande individuelle et injecteur de carburant WO2006094950A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005010608.0 2005-03-08
DE200510010608 DE102005010608A1 (de) 2005-03-08 2005-03-08 Kraftstoff-Düse mit einzeln ansteuerbaren Spritzlöchern sowie Kraftstoffinjektor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006094950A1 true WO2006094950A1 (fr) 2006-09-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/060460 WO2006094950A1 (fr) 2005-03-08 2006-03-03 Gicleur de carburant pourvu de trous d'injection a commande individuelle et injecteur de carburant

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Country Link
DE (1) DE102005010608A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006094950A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011107609A1 (de) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Albonair Gmbh Reduktionsmitteleinspritzdüse und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Reduktionsmitteleinspritzdüse

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3442456A (en) * 1966-11-01 1969-05-06 Holley Carburetor Co Injection nozzle
US4040569A (en) * 1975-02-26 1977-08-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electro-magnetic fuel injection valve
US4101074A (en) * 1976-06-17 1978-07-18 The Bendix Corporation Fuel inlet assembly for a fuel injection valve

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3442456A (en) * 1966-11-01 1969-05-06 Holley Carburetor Co Injection nozzle
US4040569A (en) * 1975-02-26 1977-08-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electro-magnetic fuel injection valve
US4101074A (en) * 1976-06-17 1978-07-18 The Bendix Corporation Fuel inlet assembly for a fuel injection valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005010608A1 (de) 2006-09-14

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