WO2005034662A1 - Autonomous garment with active thermal control and powered by solar cells - Google Patents
Autonomous garment with active thermal control and powered by solar cells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005034662A1 WO2005034662A1 PCT/PT2004/000024 PT2004000024W WO2005034662A1 WO 2005034662 A1 WO2005034662 A1 WO 2005034662A1 PT 2004000024 W PT2004000024 W PT 2004000024W WO 2005034662 A1 WO2005034662 A1 WO 2005034662A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- garment
- solar cells
- bus connector
- electric bus
- cooling
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/002—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment
- A41D13/005—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment with controlled temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D1/00—Garments
- A41D1/002—Garments adapted to accommodate electronic equipment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/002—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment
- A41D13/005—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment with controlled temperature
- A41D13/0051—Heated garments
Definitions
- This invention is included in the apparel segment, namely in the emerging sector known as intelligent wear (i- wear) . It is related with systems and methods for automatic control of temperature in garments, not only for standard weather conditions but also for extreme environments. Furthermore, this invention also refers to special elements that provide power for those vests .
- the invention refers to an autonomous garment with active thermal control powered by solar cells that is designed not only for standard conditions but also for extreme weather environments.
- autonomous we mean there :.s no need of plug in to a power line, assuring portability and energy autonomy of the garment.
- active thermal control we mean the ability to produce both heat and cold in the garment and to control dynamically the internal temperature according to external conditions and user needs .
- temperature control of garments which can be split in two different categories: warming and cooling.
- few patents cover both categories simultaneousLy . a) Warming garments
- warming systems embedded in garments use the thermoelectric effect to provide heat for articles of clothing.
- An electric current provided by batteries or power line, is transformed into heat in resistor's embedded in garments, mainly in jackets, and in blankets.
- This technique is claimed in patents WO03059099, EP1197722, US2001047992 , DE19835984, US5893991, US5643480, EP0287294, US4705935, FR2577390, US2003006229 , and US4404460.
- Most of the described objects include means to maintain the produced heat, using special fabrics or geometry.
- Patent FR2752363 refers to a warming system powered by solid and liquid fuels, which feed an engine to produce heat.
- Patents US6439942 and FR2577116 describe garments heated by means of resistors powered by solar arrays.
- Patent US4539714 and other references therein claim the utilization of microdendritic solar energy collectors that generate straightforward warming of pieces of clothing. b) Cooling garments
- Patents DE19755181 and DE19749436 describe a configuration with flexible stripes that allow natural ventilation. Cooling and sweat removal and evaporation by cooling in appropriate materials are described in patents GB2352385, US6125645, US5289695, and US5111668.
- forced ventilation systems are claimed in patents WO02067707, US6257011, FR2719892, and US5217408, which use small fans powered by batteries or are connected directly to power line.
- Patent US5438707 uses simultaneously cooling with compressed air and fans.
- Patents US6134714, US2002073481 , US2002069448 , FR2756709, US5415222, US5263336, and US3736764 describe systems with refrigeration liquids inside pipes embedded in garments, which permit the cooling by evaporation.
- Patent US5755110 describes a system that uses a special material to absorb heat
- patent DE20011331 claims the utilization of a textile fibre with special properties for storing and releasing available heat, depending on trie needs.
- patent US5386823 is related with a ventilated suit with mask that is connected to a cooling device with low portability.
- patent DE19745889 illustrates garments with Peltier elements for cooling and matrix resistors for heating that are connected to an electricity source, namely power line, friction wheel, propeller driven generator or batteries. d) Other applications
- Patent US5603648 describes a safe-vest with several accessories, namely optical fibres and LEDs powered by solar cells, resistors powered by batteries to provide heat, and other signalling and survival gadgets. This solution is especially useful in rescue missions and other risky assignments. e) Power autonomy
- the present invention reduces limitations both in portability and autonomy, and allows warming and cooling thermal cycles in the same piece of clothing.
- One of trie main goals of this invention is to solve these limitations without a significant increase in weight. Furthermore, it foresees a more efficient way to manage temperature distribution and power resources .
- a standard application in garments includes the following units: solar cells, batteries, cooling cLevice, warming device, active thermal controller, wiring grid, and auxiliary gadgets.
- Solar cells are assembled in a flexible substrate and can include special filters or optical parts.
- Solar cells use flexible substrates made of inexpensive silicon beads sandwiched between two thin layers of metal foil embedded in a plastic cover.
- the metallic sheets give the material physical strength and act as electrical contacts.
- the wavelength that provides maximum optic l-to- electric energy efficiency can be shifted to match different radiation sources.
- solar radiation not only solar radiation but also from other sources can be used, namely fluorescent lamps and flames .
- the utilization of batteries in the garment is convenient not only to store energy but also to provide power stabilization, namely when power transients occur in the solar cells.
- New technologies allow the development of ultra- thin flexible batteries, and their series and parallel association increase the power storage to more that 200Wh/kg.
- thin batteries are easily shaped so that weight distribution in the garment is possible and substrate flexibility allows ergonomic profiles.
- Peltier cells are made from two dissimilar metals and the application of a DC voltage to a closed circuit gives rise to a temperature change at the junction of the two metals.
- Peltier cells do not have moving parts, are lightweight, and can be used in any orientation. Furthermore, they may be stacked to achieve greater temperature differential.
- Miniaturized compressed cooling machines with coefficient of performance (COP) ⁇ 4 are available.
- COP coefficient of performance
- the most effective method to provide heat to the garment is the conversion of electrical energy in heat by means of resistors. Wiring, high flexibility, and weightless of electrical resistors make them the more suitable elements to generate heat inside the garment .
- thermal control in the garment is better obtained with active units, mainly because on/off systems are not effective in complex systems that use both cooling and heating cycles.
- active thermal control proposed in this document uses not only parameters from those cycles but also from human body activity, external environment, and preset conditions. Thus, thermal control units can use sophisticated algorithms.
- Wiring is an important issue for assembling procedures. Although solar cells, batteries, resistors, and pipes have high flexibility it is fundamental to study stiress and fatigue in some of the junctions of the garment, namely those related with the human articulations .
- auxiliary plugs to feed external devices, namely laptops, mobile phones, audio readers, and other low power electronic devices.
- the presented invention refers to an autonomous garment with active thermal control and powered by solar cells .
- Fig.l represents a piece of clothing that includes several units for powering, warming, cooling, and controlling the whole system.
- Fig .2 shows, as an example, a clothing uniform with the illustration of solar cells on the surface.
- the system includes one or several pieces of clothing, solar cells (1), batteries (2), resistor circuits (3), refrigeration units (4), and an automatic thermal controller (6) .
- the resistors and cooling units use Peltier cells (5) , which can be used for heating and cooling.
- Peltier cells are able to produce or remove heat in the same unit just by changing the current direction on the cell, garment versatility can be increased.
- the solar cells convert electromagnetic radiation in electric power, which is used to feed the electric devices.
- the distribution of resistors and refrigerating pipes (7) is adjusted according to human body needs, in order to produce or remove heat in the garment.
- the thermal unit assures that temperature inside the garment is maintained in the selected range, which can be function of metabolic activity, weather conditions, breathable fabrics properties, and pre-selected values defined by the user. Furthermore, a specific algorithm surveys the thermal control unit and manages heating and cooling production in the garment .
- the batteries have two different purposes in the system. On one hand, they are used to stabilize power consumption if there is a strong variation in the electric power production. On the other hand, the batteries are used to store energy and provide extra power to increase autonomy, namely when radiation level is low or no longer available. a) Solar cells
- the solar cells absorb radiation and convert it in electricity, which is supplied to the devices under control.
- the generated power can also be stored in the batteries .
- the solar cells are the outer active layer of the garment, must be flexible, and have to have low bending stress with time. Moreover, solar cells shall have good wiring properties.
- Solar cells have to be covered with an optical external layer to prevent weathering degradation.
- This layer shall be thin, . flexible, and transparent to visible radiation.
- the global power efficiency of the solar cells shall be higher than 10%, in order to provide enough , energy to the thermal units. This value is the state-of-the-art efficiency for flexible solar cells.
- Batteries store energy supplied by the solar cells or a power line.
- the main functions for batteries are energy storage and power stabilization.
- the batteries must be thin, lightweight, flexible, rechargeable, and must have low bending stress with time.
- the state-of-the-art flexible batteries allow up to 200Wh/kg, which allow autonomy of 3 hours for minimum warming and cooling thermal requirements.
- the batteries layer is embedded in the garment and has the same bending constraints as the solar cells. Batteries are connected to the electric bus connector that provides power distribution and signal control to all devices . c) Warming cycles
- the garment has two different systems to provide heat.
- the utilization of resistors is the most efficient method to warm articles of clothing.
- the second system includes Peltier cells.
- Resistors must be thin, flexible, and lightweight. Furthermore, they must have low bending stress with time and good wiring connectors.
- the wiring grid and resistors distribution in the garment are selected to provide appropriate heat flow inside the garment. Furthermore, several sectors of resistors can provide heat independently of each other, which allow unbalanced distribution of energy if required. For example, this technique allows differentiating energy distribution in chest, arms, and legs. Resistors layers are embedded in the garment and can also be impregnated directly in fabrics .
- Peltier cells are used both for warming and cooling purposes and are also embedded in the garment. This property makes them useful for areas of the garment that are subject to high thermal inertia. However, as they are heavier than resistors, Peltier cells are properly distributed to balance weight in the piece of clothing. Resistors and Peltier cells are connected to the electric bus connector that provides power distribution and. signal control to all devices . d) Cooling cycles
- the utilization of miniaturized cooling cycles with. high COP is a proper solution to provide a cooling system to the garment.
- the utilization of thin flexible pipes permits an efficient distribution of temperature inside the garment.
- the utilization of different tube diameters and pipe distribution allocates unbalanced cool distribution, using different fluid flow and valves in the pipes .
- the cooling cycle systems are connected to the electric bus connector that provides power distribution and signal control to all devices .
- Temperature controller e) Temperature controller
- Simple thermostat devices used so far to control temperature in garments are useful but inefficient for more advanced systems because a simple on/off control type is inappropriate.
- a . programmable microcontroller is used.
- the management of temperature includes several important inputs such as sensors signals, user defined settings, feedback conditions, and device performance monitoring values .
- thermocouples monitoring garment temperature, external environment conditions, and body temperature of the user provides useful information.
- a model describing production and distribution of heat flow on the human body is included.
- the heat flow level is function of physiological parameters, e.g. body activity, and weather conditions.
- a special algorithm is developed to process all information related with sensors, devices status, body activity model, weather parameters, and preset conditions.
- the algorithm is run in the microcontroller unit surveying and analysing temperatures within the garment, controlling heat and cool production, and preserving thermal preset comfort conditions.
- the microcontroller is connected to the electric bus connector that provides power distribution and signal to control the garment, managing all devices and accessories .
- Other applications The power generated in the garment can be used for other purposes, in particular to provide energy tq small appliances like laptops, audio readers, positioning systems, mobile phones, digital cameras, signalling and warning devices.
- the small appliances are connected to the electric bus connector that provides power distribution all devices .
- This invention is unique in the following characteristics : 1. Includes both warming and cooling cycles in the garment, and provides the automatic thermal control. 2. Solar cells are used to power both cooling and heating units. 3. The garment can use other spectral sources than solar energy, namely optical radiation of fires.
- This invention which simultaneously provides warming and cooling active thermal control, can be applied in a wide range of weather conditions and included in different clothing types, namely jackets and uniforms (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) .
- the system can also work without solar radiation if another radiation source is present, namely artificial illumination (e.g. lamps) .
- a particular useful situation is provided by fire radiation, which can be converted in electricity and used to cool fireman suits.
- Pieces of clothing can include sensors monitoring the external weather conditions, communications and positioning devices, and luminous and sonorous signalling apparatus. These types of sensors and gadgets are particularly important in extreme conditions and sparsely inhabited areas, namely deserts, Polar Regions, and mountains .
- An additional application of this invention is related with the utilization of solar cells to provide energy to small portable electronic devices such as laptops, mobile phones, and audio players.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK04775190T DK1679984T3 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-13 | Garment with its own power supply and active heat control, which is powered by solar cells |
CA2543468A CA2543468C (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-13 | Autonomous garment with active thermal control and powered by solar cells |
DE602004014009T DE602004014009D1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-13 | AUTONOMIC CLOTHING PIECE WITH ACTIVE THERMAL CONTROL AND ENERGY SUPPLY THROUGH SOLAR CELLS |
US10/576,198 US20070199137A1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-13 | Autonomous Garment With Active Thermal Control And Powered By Solar Cells |
EP04775190A EP1679984B8 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-13 | Autonomous garment with active thermal control and powered by solar cells |
AU2004279277A AU2004279277B2 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-13 | Autonomous garment with active thermal control and powered by solar cells |
KR1020067009085A KR101126392B1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-13 | Autonomous garment with active thermal control and powered by solar cells |
JP2006535295A JP4708355B2 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-13 | Clothing that uses solar cells to perform active heat control and autonomously generate electricity |
NO20062219A NO328018B1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2006-05-16 | Self-guiding clothing with active control and powered solar cells |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PTPT103030 | 2003-10-17 | ||
PT103030A PT103030A (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2003-10-17 | AUTONOMOUS CLOTHING, FEDERATED BY SOLAR PANELS AND WITH ACTIVE TEMPERATURE CONTROL |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005034662A1 true WO2005034662A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
Family
ID=34432622
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/PT2004/000024 WO2005034662A1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-13 | Autonomous garment with active thermal control and powered by solar cells |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070199137A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1679984B8 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4708355B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101126392B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE395840T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004279277B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2543468C (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004014009D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1679984T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2308243T3 (en) |
NO (1) | NO328018B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT103030A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005034662A1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
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ES2277577A1 (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2007-07-01 | Antonio Barroso Quiñones (95%) | Article with thermal conditioning |
WO2007079623A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-19 | Solar Focus Technology Co., Ltd | A portable solar power supply system and its applying device |
WO2007116377A2 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-18 | Dainese S.P.A. | Motorcyclist' s suit |
WO2007129831A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-15 | Moda Medical | Device for performing diagnostic and treatment of body, and clothing having the device |
CN104489965A (en) * | 2014-11-29 | 2015-04-08 | 深圳市前海安测信息技术有限公司 | Ambient temperature-adaptive health garment |
CN104536481A (en) * | 2014-11-29 | 2015-04-22 | 深圳市前海安测信息技术有限公司 | Adaptive cold-hot temperature control circuit, adaptive cold-hot temperature control circuit system, and special garment |
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RU194096U1 (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-28 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "БВН Инжениринг" | JACKET WITH AUTOMATIC THERMAL REGULATION SYSTEM |
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US10111481B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2018-10-30 | Biometric Lingerie, Inc. | Signal-activated lingerie |
US8130095B2 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2012-03-06 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Health-related signaling via wearable items |
US8125331B2 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2012-02-28 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Health-related signaling via wearable items |
US8094009B2 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2012-01-10 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Health-related signaling via wearable items |
US8284046B2 (en) | 2008-08-27 | 2012-10-09 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Health-related signaling via wearable items |
US8402772B1 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2013-03-26 | Superior Inventions Group, LLC | Apparatus for heating and cooling by surface contact |
CN102197890A (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-09-28 | 谢逢华 | Changeable photoelectric air-conditioning dress |
KR101271686B1 (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2013-06-04 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Protection device for welding |
US8397518B1 (en) | 2012-02-20 | 2013-03-19 | Dhama Innovations PVT. Ltd. | Apparel with integral heating and cooling device |
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US8919982B2 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-12-30 | Gabriel Pulido, JR. | Lighting system for clothing |
US9119264B2 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2015-08-25 | Gabriel Pulido, JR. | Lighting system |
US10182937B2 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2019-01-22 | Embr Labs Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for manipulating temperature |
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US10064439B2 (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2018-09-04 | It's Kool, Llc | Temperature regulatory fabrics, systems and applications |
US10299520B1 (en) | 2014-08-12 | 2019-05-28 | Apple Inc. | Fabric-based items with environmental control elements |
WO2016049563A1 (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-03-31 | Gerbings, Llc | Thermal-regulated apparel and wireless control system therefor |
CN105021312A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-11-04 | 山东科技大学 | Intelligent temperature collection and indication system for hot water container by using temperature difference for power generation |
US10076142B2 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2018-09-18 | F.R.E.D. Llc | Durable reflective safety apparel with active laser illumination |
US10420175B2 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2019-09-17 | Intel Corporation | Wireless warmers |
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US10842205B2 (en) | 2016-10-20 | 2020-11-24 | Nike, Inc. | Apparel thermo-regulatory system |
US20210219632A1 (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-07-22 | Cipher Skin | Heating and cooling garment system |
CN112716068A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-04-30 | 山东第一医科大学附属省立医院(山东省立医院) | Automatic adjust hydrologic cycle constant temperature clothing |
IT202100015608A1 (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-15 | Claudio Gianotti | Thermoelectric device for achieving human normothermia |
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- 2004-10-13 AT AT04775190T patent/ATE395840T1/en active
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- 2004-10-13 JP JP2006535295A patent/JP4708355B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-13 US US10/576,198 patent/US20070199137A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-13 DE DE602004014009T patent/DE602004014009D1/en active Active
- 2004-10-13 CA CA2543468A patent/CA2543468C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-13 DK DK04775190T patent/DK1679984T3/en active
- 2004-10-13 KR KR1020067009085A patent/KR101126392B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-10-13 EP EP04775190A patent/EP1679984B8/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-10-13 ES ES04775190T patent/ES2308243T3/en active Active
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2006
- 2006-05-16 NO NO20062219A patent/NO328018B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (18)
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EP2023462A1 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2009-02-11 | Solar Focus Technology Co. Ltd. | A portable solar power supply system and its applying device |
WO2007079623A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-19 | Solar Focus Technology Co., Ltd | A portable solar power supply system and its applying device |
US8018098B2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2011-09-13 | Solar Focus Technology Co., Ltd. | Portable solar power supply system and its applying device |
EP2023462A4 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2010-04-14 | Solar Focus Technology Co Ltd | A portable solar power supply system and its applying device |
WO2007116377A2 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-18 | Dainese S.P.A. | Motorcyclist' s suit |
WO2007116377A3 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-12-21 | Dainese Spa | Motorcyclist' s suit |
KR20070109024A (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-15 | (주)모다메디칼 | Device for performing diagnostic and treatment of body, and clothing having the device |
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DE102020111808A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-04 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Small vehicle powered by an electric motor |
CN113439895A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-28 | 浙江先导热电科技股份有限公司 | Contact type semiconductor refrigeration air-conditioning suit |
US20230145153A1 (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-05-11 | Calvin Doyle | Cool Pack |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2308243T3 (en) | 2008-12-01 |
EP1679984B1 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
NO328018B1 (en) | 2009-11-09 |
EP1679984B8 (en) | 2008-08-13 |
CA2543468A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
AU2004279277A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
KR101126392B1 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
NO20062219L (en) | 2006-07-11 |
US20070199137A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
DE602004014009D1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
JP4708355B2 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
KR20060123738A (en) | 2006-12-04 |
JP2007509244A (en) | 2007-04-12 |
AU2004279277B2 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
DK1679984T3 (en) | 2008-09-29 |
ATE395840T1 (en) | 2008-06-15 |
PT103030A (en) | 2005-04-29 |
EP1679984A1 (en) | 2006-07-19 |
CA2543468C (en) | 2012-07-24 |
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