WO2004074169A1 - Microfluidic filter - Google Patents
Microfluidic filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004074169A1 WO2004074169A1 PCT/AU2004/000209 AU2004000209W WO2004074169A1 WO 2004074169 A1 WO2004074169 A1 WO 2004074169A1 AU 2004000209 W AU2004000209 W AU 2004000209W WO 2004074169 A1 WO2004074169 A1 WO 2004074169A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- microfluidic
- channel
- filter
- membrane
- laser
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
- B01D63/081—Manufacturing thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0023—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
- B01D67/0025—Organic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by mechanical treatment, e.g. pore-stretching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502753—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by bulk separation arrangements on lab-on-a-chip devices, e.g. for filtration or centrifugation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/02—Hydrophilization
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
- B01L2200/0647—Handling flowable solids, e.g. microscopic beads, cells, particles
- B01L2200/0668—Trapping microscopic beads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/12—Specific details about manufacturing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
- B01L2300/0681—Filter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0816—Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0887—Laminated structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
- B01L7/52—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices with provision for submitting samples to a predetermined sequence of different temperatures, e.g. for treating nucleic acid samples
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in microfluidic systems particularly in filters for use in micro fluidic processes.
- Background to the invention Microfluidic systems are of interest in biological and chemical reaction methodology and analysis. In PCR processes and in the analysis of DNA micro beads are used.
- Microparticle separations have the advantage in fluidic separations of providing a platform for tailored surface chemistry allowing for the easy manipulation of molecules from solution and simplifying processing requirements. They have been used for various applications, particularly in the areas of biology and healthcare where a large array of different particles, affinity mechanisms, and processes have been developed for techniques including immunoassay, cell separation and molecular biology. They are regularly employed in isolation and purification processes by binding the target molecule to the microparticle and thereby allowing the target to be transported and flexibly manipulated in various reagents. The separation of the beads is an essential step in the progress of the reaction in the micro fluidic system.
- WO 01/38865 discloses an on-chip packed reactor bed which includes a weir arrangement in the micro fluidic channel to create a trapping zone for the microparticles. This has the disadvantage of limited flux in larger channel to particle dimensions and design issues for dead volumes.
- WO 01/85341 discloses a trapping device comprising a slotted wall. It is a high cost silicon based solution to the problem.
- US 6,221 ,677 uses a laminar flow control method where mixing is controlled by the diffusion of the different particles between two flowing streams. So the liquid contact time can be used to determine which particles get removed from solution.
- USA patent application 2002/0185431 discloses a multilayer microfluidic device which incorporates a separate filter compressively restrained between device layers to promote a tight seal.
- USA patent application 2003/0136451 discloses a method of fabricating a restriction in a microfluidic channel by polymerizing a prepolymer in situ. It is an object of this invention to provide a low cost simple physical means of achieving micro particle separation in microfluidic systems.
- the present invention provides a microfluidic system which includes a) a first substrate which incorporates a first microfluidic channel b) a second substrate overlying said microfluidic channel which has at least one region that has been microperforated and which overlies said first microfluidic channel c) a third substrate overlying said second substrate and incorporating a second microfluidic channel or port adapted to communicate with said first microfluidic channel through said micro-perforated region.
- This invention provides a method for integrating a filter onto a microfluidic platform using lamination based technologies. It is applicable to micro-fluid, including gas, particle separation in either in-line or cross-flow configurations. In particular it is useful for microchannel inlet protection or as a particle collector, such as in microsphere based biological assays.
- the general range of the filters of this invention is primarily in the microfiltration range and the upper ultra filtration range.
- the microfluidic devices of this invention may be formed by laminating a pre- perforated layer between two microchannel layers to form a filter membrane sized to allow fluid to pass and retain the microparticles.
- the membrane may be perforated by excimer ablation or by stamping or embossing.
- This invention is particularly applicable to polymer microfluidic devices rather than silicon based micro fluidic devices. Polymer based microfluidic devices offer cost advantages. The technique of this invention easily integrates into existing manufacturing processes.
- any of the film forming polymers suitable for microfluidics may be used including polyethyleneterephalate (PET), polycarbonate, high density polyethylene and poly ethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
- PET polyethyleneterephalate
- PMMA poly ethylmethacrylate
- These devices may constructed by laminating layers together using various bonding techniques, such as adhesive, thermal and solvent bonding.
- Figure 1 illustrates schematically a number of arrangements for using the filter of the invention
- Figure 2 illustrates an Excimer ablated filter membrane in 12 ⁇ m PET a) Entrance holes 8 ⁇ m b) exit holes 1 ⁇ ;
- Figure 3 illustrates a scanning electron microscope image of laser cut PET before a), and after b) bonding ;
- Figure 4 illustrates a) a layered approach to microfluidic chip construction and b) fabricated device with insert showing filter chamber;
- Figure 5 illustrates a silica particle retention a) tightly packed column, b)image of microspheres in a channel with the capping layer removed;
- Figure 6 illustrates a membrane with 8 ⁇ m entrance pores a) before filtration, and b) after filtration of methylene blue stained white blood cells.
- the perforated membrane 15 is laminated between two polymer films 12 and 13 incorporating micro channels 14.
- the filter 15 may be placed across the inlet 11 to the micro channel system as shown in figure 1A.
- the filter prevents the micropartilces from moving into the permeate or outlet microchannel 17.
- the filter 15 prevents passage of the beads 16 into the outlet channel 17 and allows accumulation of the beads 16 to occur.
- micro beads are of 0.1 to 100 microns in size usually about 5 microns.
- the polymers used may be polycarbonate, high density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or other suitable polymers.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the same material may be used for the microfluidic substrates as for the membrane.
- Devices were fabricated using PET film with a multilayer technique, chosen for its compatibility with web-based plastic film lamination systems for large-scale low cost manufacturing. Channel Formation.
- the PET film was cut using a frequency tripled Nd:YAG laser (AVIA 3.0W, Coherent Inc, USA) incorporated in a computer controlled 2-D laser cutting system (Lasertec, The Netherlands).
- the Q-switched, pulsed output of the laser generates a pulse duration of ⁇ 30ns, a pulse energy of ⁇ 180 ⁇ J, and for the purpose of this work a pulse repetition frequency of 10kHz was used.
- An f-theta lens having a focal length of 160mm was used to focus the beam to 30 ⁇ m in diameter at the work piece.
- CAD drawings were used to control the temperature compensated, x-y, galvo-scanner and synchronise the firing of the laser.
- the beam velocity at the work piece is determined by the scanner parameters, and was set to 0.11 m/s. This combination of parameters results in a pulse being fired every 11 ⁇ m, or a shot overlap equivalent to 2.7 shots per area.
- the devices were constructed from layers of Luminar S10 (Toray Industries, Inc.) PET film. Individual layers were cut entirely through by passing over the same tool path many times. Cleaning of the samples was performed by sonication in a 1:1 mixture of ethanol and water followed by multiple rinses in isopropanol and deionised water.
- Luminar S10 Toray Industries, Inc.
- the unit consisted of a regulated hydraulic press (REXROTH, Australia) that applies pressure to the embossing chamber, with the temperature controlled (SHINKO, Australia) heating elements and forced air cooling.
- the samples were sandwiched in-between 1mm of paper and flat plates of steel to ensure even pressure distribution.
- the chamber was evacuated (-80kPa) and preheated to 190°C before being compressed to 7MPa for a period of 45 mins. Cut profile characterisation and sample visualization was performed with a BX60 Olympus optical microscope. Detailed images were taken on a JEOL, JSM35, scanning electron microscope using gold coated samples, prepared with a Polarin Equipment sputtering unit.
- Flow and leakage tests were performed using custom computer controlled dual syringe pumps and pressure sensors. Flow rates from 10 ⁇ l/min to 1ml/min were used with back pressures up to 50psi. The 5 ⁇ m silica particles used for packing the channel were purchased from Bangs Laboratories. Whole peripheral blood was collected by finger prick of a healthy Caucasian male, and solutions of methylene blue, triton x and phosphate buffer were all prepared in dionised water. Electrosmotic flow was measured by filling a single channel with 25mM Phosphate buffer, emptying the reservoir at one end and replacing it with a 50mM solution of the same buffer.
- a HP5r high voltage supply (Applied Kilovolts, UK) applied a potential of 200V/cm across the reservoirs, while the current was monitored across a 10k Ohm resistor between one of the reservoirs and ground using a AT-MIO- 16E-10 (National Instruments) data acquisition card. The current was monitored until it reached a plateau giving the time taken for the channel to fill with the less concentrated solution, dividing this by the length of the channel gave the electroosmotic velocity.
- the filters were fabricated by excimer laser machining of 12 ⁇ m PET film, with pore dimensions from 50 ⁇ m down to 1 ⁇ m.
- Fig. 2 shows a hole array of 10 ⁇ m pitch with 8 ⁇ m entrance and 1 ⁇ m exit holes.
- the fluence versus wall angle for excimer ablation has been well characterized and it has been shown that the higher fluences produce steeper wall angles.
- the laser was operated in constant energy mode with a fluence of 1.5 J/cm 2 at the workpiece, giving ablated wall angles of approximately 10 degrees.
- the device was patterned using the 355nm YAG laser operating with a beam diameter of approximately 30 ⁇ m, with a focal depth less than 100 ⁇ m.
- the cut width before bonding varied according to the substrate thickness, 100 ⁇ m substrates gave a cut width of 40 + 5 ⁇ m whereas the 12 ⁇ m film gave a much larger cut width (120 ⁇ 20 ⁇ m) unless a fluid, such as isopropanol, was used to help dissipate the heat, giving a cut width much closer to the beam's diameter (27 ⁇ 2 ⁇ m).
- the chip layers were then cleaned with isopropanol in an ultrasonic bath removing most of the smaller pieces of ejected material that had redeposited around the cut, leaving only the larger fragments behind, as shown in Figure 3a).
- the debri and ridges formed from the laser cutting process which were as large as 20 ⁇ m high, were evenly compressed back into the bulk giving steeper wall angles and a more even surface (Figure 3b)).
- the diffusion bonding method used to prototype these devices requires elevated temperature and pressure to allow the like substrates to diffuse into one another. Therefore when bonding a multilayer structure like this it was necessary to use a multistep bonding method to ensure that the membrane layer was fully sealed above the exit channel.
- layers 3 to 5 were firstly bonded together before layers 1 and 2 were added.
- the cutting process increases the hydrocarbon component on the surface, decreasing the surface charge. In some applications this increase in hydrophobicity can aid in electrophoretic separations by reducing the electroosmotic flow and thereby helping to retain the sieving matrix and increase the separations.
- a simple in-line filter design was used to demonstrate particle filtering using a multilayer laminate construction.
- the device fabricated, shown in figure 4b) provides multiple test structures, two of which have dual inlets for reagent delivery, an extended channel to allow for greater time for diffusive mixing, and a large filter chamber for particulate retention.
- the third structure provides two intersecting channels via a long narrow filter region with the same porosity as the other test structures.
- the device construction as outlined in Fig 4a), consists of 5 layers of PET film; a bottom sealing layer 21 of lOOmicrons, an exit channel layer 22 Of lOOmicrons, the filter layer 23 of 12 microns, the inlet channel layer 24 of lOOmicrons, and a top-sealing layer 25 of lOOmicrons with entrance and exit ports.
- Figure 4 b) shows an assembled device with a close-up of the filter chamber. To maximize flux for a given pore size the pitch needed to be minimized without reducing the membrane's strength to the point of failure.
- the filters were designed with 4 ⁇ m exit holes at a pitch of 10 ⁇ m giving rise to an effective porosity of approximately 13%.
- the filter's surface energy plays an important role when initially filling the device or when air bubbles are introduced into the system.
- the pressure required to initially pass the liquid through the membrane is the sum of the applied pressure and the effective pressure introduced from the surface tension
- the membrane is more hydrophilic then small pores like those used here will fill by capillary pressure. For surfaces where the contact angle of the fluid with the surface is greater than zero an applied pressure is required to pass fluid through the pores.
- the membranes fabricated in unmodified PET with pore dimensions of 4 ⁇ m gave a bubble pressure of 1.8 ⁇ 0.16 psi, which is below the calculated value of 9.8 psi. This may be attributed to the combination of factors from the pore exits having slightly rounded geometries and varying in size, a variation of surface tension, and the bubble point pressure method being limited to measuring the largest pore hole present.
- the electrosmotic flow velocities were measured for the untreated and chemically modified samples.
- Silica microspheres were introduced by pipetting an aqueous solution of 10% beads and 1% Triton X into the device and applying a vacuum (10psi) to the channel outlet. Under this vacuum the beads took approximately 30mins to pack the column tightly, leaving only a small trailing amount of loosely packed particles, as can be seen in Figure 5a) which shows a 225 ⁇ m x 100 ⁇ m packed channel. Upon introduction the beads immediately filled the length of the channel covering the filter, increasing the backpressure and reducing the flow rate. The image in figure 5b), of a channel with the top layer removed, clearly shows the end of a column packed with the microspheres.
- WBC white blood cells
- Red blood cells are a relatively rigid discoidal shape 7 ⁇ m in diameter and 2 ⁇ m thick.
- Blood filtration in silicon based devices has been demonstrated with weir and pillar filters, at a flow rate of 0.035 ⁇ l/min, and found that the red blood cells easily pass through gaps as small as 3 ⁇ m, whereas the much larger and highly deformable white blood cells can pass through gaps as small as 7 ⁇ m.
- a mix of whole blood 2ul, in 20ul of 0.005% methylene blue (for nucleus staining) was injected into the device followed by a wash with 200ul PBS.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2004213062A AU2004213062A1 (en) | 2003-02-24 | 2004-02-23 | Microfluidic filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003900796A AU2003900796A0 (en) | 2003-02-24 | 2003-02-24 | Microfluidic filter |
AU2003900796 | 2003-02-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004074169A1 true WO2004074169A1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
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ID=31499844
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2004/000209 WO2004074169A1 (en) | 2003-02-24 | 2004-02-23 | Microfluidic filter |
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AU (1) | AU2003900796A0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004074169A1 (en) |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007060580A1 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-05-31 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Microfluidic device with porous membrane and an unbranched channel |
FR2948927A1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-11 | Univ Claude Bernard Lyon | Microsystem e.g. analytical lab-on-chip type liquid microsystem, for preparation and analysis of chemical or biological solutions in e.g. pharmacology field, has end-piece linked with orifice at terminal portion of end-piece |
US20130277218A1 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2013-10-24 | The Governing Council Of The University Of Toronto | Digital microfluidic devices and methods incorporating a solid phase |
WO2014123896A1 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-14 | Pocared Diagnostics Ltd. | Filter arrangement and method for using the same |
US9086407B2 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2015-07-21 | Tgr Biosciences Pty Ltd. | Analyte detection |
US10232374B2 (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2019-03-19 | Miroculus Inc. | Method of processing dried samples using digital microfluidic device |
US10464067B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2019-11-05 | Miroculus Inc. | Air-matrix digital microfluidics apparatuses and methods for limiting evaporation and surface fouling |
EP3574985A1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2019-12-04 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Organomimetic devices and methods of use and manufacturing thereof |
US10596572B2 (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2020-03-24 | Miroculus Inc. | Feedback system for parallel droplet control in a digital microfluidic device |
US10695762B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2020-06-30 | Miroculus Inc. | Evaporation management in digital microfluidic devices |
US11253860B2 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2022-02-22 | Miroculus Inc. | Digital microfluidic devices and methods |
US11311882B2 (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2022-04-26 | Miroculus Inc. | Digital microfluidics devices and methods of using them |
US11413617B2 (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2022-08-16 | Miroculus Inc. | Digital microfluidics systems and methods with integrated plasma collection device |
CN115415518A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-02 | 深圳市华科创智技术有限公司 | Purification system and purification method of metal nanowires |
US11524298B2 (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2022-12-13 | Miroculus Inc. | Digital microfluidics devices and methods of use thereof |
US11623219B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 | 2023-04-11 | Miroculus Inc. | Digital microfluidics apparatuses and methods for manipulating and processing encapsulated droplets |
US11738345B2 (en) | 2019-04-08 | 2023-08-29 | Miroculus Inc. | Multi-cartridge digital microfluidics apparatuses and methods of use |
US11772093B2 (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2023-10-03 | Miroculus Inc. | Methods of mechanical microfluidic manipulation |
US11992842B2 (en) | 2020-11-03 | 2024-05-28 | Miroculus Inc. | Control of evaporation in digital microfluidics |
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- 2003-02-24 AU AU2003900796A patent/AU2003900796A0/en not_active Abandoned
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WO2001025138A1 (en) * | 1999-10-04 | 2001-04-12 | Nanostream, Inc. | Modular microfluidic devices comprising sandwiched stencils |
WO2001085341A1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-15 | Pyrosequencing Ab | Microfluidic devices |
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Cited By (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007060580A1 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-05-31 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Microfluidic device with porous membrane and an unbranched channel |
FR2948927A1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-11 | Univ Claude Bernard Lyon | Microsystem e.g. analytical lab-on-chip type liquid microsystem, for preparation and analysis of chemical or biological solutions in e.g. pharmacology field, has end-piece linked with orifice at terminal portion of end-piece |
US9086407B2 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2015-07-21 | Tgr Biosciences Pty Ltd. | Analyte detection |
US9261500B2 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2016-02-16 | Tgr Biosciences Pty Ltd. | Analyte detection |
US9476874B2 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2016-10-25 | Tgr Biosciences Pty Ltd. | Analyte detection |
US9778252B2 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2017-10-03 | Tgr Biosciences Pty Ltd. | Analyte detection |
US10232374B2 (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2019-03-19 | Miroculus Inc. | Method of processing dried samples using digital microfluidic device |
US11000850B2 (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2021-05-11 | The Governing Council Of The University Of Toronto | Method of processing dried samples using digital microfluidic device |
US20130277218A1 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2013-10-24 | The Governing Council Of The University Of Toronto | Digital microfluidic devices and methods incorporating a solid phase |
US9476811B2 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2016-10-25 | The Governing Council Of The University Of Toronto | Digital microfluidic devices and methods incorporating a solid phase |
US11073450B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2021-07-27 | Pocared Diagnostics Ltd. | Filter arrangement using elution fluid and method for using the same |
EP2953703A4 (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2017-02-08 | Pocared Diagnostics Ltd | Filter arrangement and method for using the same |
WO2014123896A1 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-14 | Pocared Diagnostics Ltd. | Filter arrangement and method for using the same |
EP3574985A1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2019-12-04 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Organomimetic devices and methods of use and manufacturing thereof |
US11471888B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2022-10-18 | Miroculus Inc. | Evaporation management in digital microfluidic devices |
US10695762B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2020-06-30 | Miroculus Inc. | Evaporation management in digital microfluidic devices |
US11097276B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2021-08-24 | mirOculus, Inc. | Air-matrix digital microfluidics apparatuses and methods for limiting evaporation and surface fouling |
US11944974B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2024-04-02 | Miroculus Inc. | Air-matrix digital microfluidics apparatuses and methods for limiting evaporation and surface fouling |
US11890617B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2024-02-06 | Miroculus Inc. | Evaporation management in digital microfluidic devices |
US10464067B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2019-11-05 | Miroculus Inc. | Air-matrix digital microfluidics apparatuses and methods for limiting evaporation and surface fouling |
US10596572B2 (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2020-03-24 | Miroculus Inc. | Feedback system for parallel droplet control in a digital microfluidic device |
US11298700B2 (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2022-04-12 | Miroculus Inc. | Feedback system for parallel droplet control in a digital microfluidic device |
US11833516B2 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2023-12-05 | Miroculus Inc. | Digital microfluidic devices and methods |
US11253860B2 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2022-02-22 | Miroculus Inc. | Digital microfluidic devices and methods |
US11623219B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 | 2023-04-11 | Miroculus Inc. | Digital microfluidics apparatuses and methods for manipulating and processing encapsulated droplets |
US11413617B2 (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2022-08-16 | Miroculus Inc. | Digital microfluidics systems and methods with integrated plasma collection device |
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