WO2003094927A1

WO2003094927A1 - Method of inhibiting d-glucose absorption and d-glucose absorption inhibitor

Info

Publication number: WO2003094927A1
Application number: PCT/JP2003/005661
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yoshihiro Nishikawa; Hideki Yamamoto; Soichi Arai
Original assignee: Unitika Ltd.
Priority date: 2002-05-07
Filing date: 2003-05-06
Publication date: 2003-11-20
Also published as: AU2003231420A1; JP2003319758A

Abstract

It is intended to provide a novel method or foods and drinks for inhibiting the absorption of D-glucose which show an excellent dieting effect and an effect of controlling blood glucose level on persons with excessive calorie intake, persons with obesity or diabetics. Namely, a method of inhibiting the absorption of D-glucose characterized by comprising, at the intake of D-glucose or a carbohydrate containing D-glucose as one of its constituting sugars, taking L-arabinose or an L-arabinose-containing material simultaneously with the intake and/or before or after the intake.

Description

Specification

D-Dulcose absorption control method and D-Dulcose absorption inhibitor <Technical field>

The present invention provides a method for suppressing D-glucose absorption, which can reduce the glycemic index (GI value, the area under the blood glucose rise curve when various bran substances are ingested, and the total absorption) of various foods and drinks. And D-glucose absorption inhibitors and foods and drinks and pet foods having the same effect. Background technology>

D-glucose is a substance that becomes a source of energy through the glycolysis system when absorbed into the living body through the digestive tract, and is an essential component for performing vital activities. However, in recent years, obesity due to excessive intake of D-glucose and saccharides containing D-glucose as a constituent sugar, specifically, starch, sucrose, etc., has a remarkable adverse effect on health. Obesity is likely to be complicated by hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperlipidemia, etc., and is considered to be a risk factor for ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and the like. It is very important to control obesity by controlling it.

A variety of components having an anti-obesity effect have been reported so far, but most of them are components having an inhibitory activity on hi-darcosidase. They had the effect of inhibiting the production of free monosaccharides (mainly D-glucose) by inhibiting the digestion of disaccharides and polysaccharides, and preventing obesity by reducing the amount absorbed. L-arabinose was known as one having such α-dalcosidase inhibitory activity.

L-arabinose is a non-lipophilic sugar that has a taste similar to sucrose and exhibits poor absorption. In nature, hemicelluloses of higher plants exist as constituent sugars of polysaccharides such as arabinan and arabinoxylan. In a simple state, it is contained in fermented foods such as miso and liquor, instant coffee, etc., albeit in a small amount. The mechanism of action of L-arabinose on α-dalcosidase inhibition was reported by Susumu Hinoki (J. Ap 1. Glucosci., Vol. 46, NO. 2, p. 1).

59-165 (19999)). According to this, L-arabinose non-competitively inhibits sucralase (a disaccharide hydrolase) located on the microvillous membrane surface (mucosal brush border) of the duodenum and small intestinal mucosa (see Fig. 1). As a result, the ingested carbohydrates gradually decompose into D-glucose and D-fructose, which leads to less absorption in the duodenum and upper jejunum and digestion in the middle and lower small intestine. In other words, since the absorption of monosaccharide is carried out slowly using the entire small intestine, a sharp rise in blood sugar level after eating (hyperglycemia) is suppressed, a feeling of fullness is maintained, and an appetite is suppressed. It is to show.

The selectivity of L-arabinose for inhibition of single darcosidase is described in a report by Seri et al. (Me tabolism, Vol. 45, No. 11, p. 136 8-137 (1 996)). It is detailed. According to this, L-arabinose selectively inhibits cytalase, and little inhibition of other _α- dalcosidases such as maltase and latatase is observed. It also mentions the absorption inhibitory effect of D-dalcos, but in mice loaded with 1 gZKg of D-dalcose, 2.5 to 10% by mass of L-arabinose coexists with D-glucose. However, the effect of suppressing D-glucose absorption was not observed. In other words, L-arabinose has so far hardly inhibited disaccharide hydrolases other than sucrose, which is a disaccharide hydrolase in sucrose. Ingestion of —It was not known at all to suppress the rise in blood glucose level due to the intake of saccharides other than sucrose.

On the other hand, as a substance that directly suppresses the absorption of D-glucose, gymnema acid, fluorinated lysine, and the like are known. However, these substances affect the taste quality of foods, and therefore, when added to foods, some processing is required. Need to be applied. Phlorizin is used for medical and research purposes, is expensive to use in food, and has problems with its safety when consumed in large quantities. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for suppressing the absorption of D-glucose at low cost without any problem in safety even when used for food and drink. Disclosure of the invention>

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, until now, the effect of suppressing the increase in blood glucose level during the intake of disaccharide by suppressing the disappearance of disaccharide, that is, the inhibition of ct-1 dalcosidase L-arabinose, which is known to have activity, has a new finding that when D-glucose is present at a certain concentration or higher, the absorption of D-darcose itself is suppressed (Fig. 2). The present invention has been achieved. That is, the first aspect of the present invention has a gist of a method for suppressing D-dalcose absorption, which comprises coexisting L-arabinose when D-glucose is absorbed into living cells. Preferably, the living cell is an intestinal lining epithelial cell. In addition, as a preferable means for coexisting L-arabinose, when ingesting a carbohydrate which contains D-glucose or D-dalcoose as one of the constituent sugars and is digested up to D-glucose, it may be simultaneously and / or before and after the ingestion. To ingest L-arabinose or a substance containing L-arabinose.

A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a D-dalcose absorption inhibitor, which comprises L-arabinose as an active ingredient.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to a food or drink containing a saccharide, wherein D-darcose in the food or drink and D-glucose contained as a constituent sugar are absorbed by a living body when L-arabinose does not coexist. The gist of the present invention is a food or drink characterized by containing L-arabinose in an amount exceeding 10% by mass with respect to the amount to be determined.

A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a pet food containing carbohydrate, wherein D-glucose in the pet food and D-glucose contained as constituent sugars are absorbed by a living body when L-arabinose does not coexist. The gist of the invention is a pet food characterized by containing L-arabinose in an amount of more than 10% by mass based on the amount of L-arabinose. <Brief description of drawings>

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the action of L-arabinose, which is conventionally known.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the action of L-arabinose newly discovered this time. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a test for suppressing an increase in blood glucose level due to a D-glucose load. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of a test for suppressing an increase in blood glucose level due to maltose load. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of a test for suppressing an increase in blood glucose level caused by trehalose load. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION>

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

In the present specification, “% by mass” is synonymous with “% by weight”. Hereinafter, it may be abbreviated as “%”.

The L-arabinose used in the present invention may be in any form such as powder, sugar solution, crystal or granule. Further, an enzyme-treated natural product from which L-arabinose is released, which is obtained by directly enzymatically treating a natural product containing arabinan, arabinoxylan or arabinogalatatan with an arabinan, arabinoxylan or arabinogalactan degrading enzyme, and The extract may be used.

Details of a method for producing an enzyme-treated natural product from which L-arabinose was released and an extract thereof are described in detail in the method for producing L-arabinose previously developed by the present inventors, as well as a method for producing L-arabinose-containing enzyme and a method for producing the same. (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-0—224, 13; Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-0,882,745).

In the method for suppressing D-glucose absorption according to the first aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned L-arabinose coexists when D-glucose is absorbed into living cells. Living organisms include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Mammals include primates such as humans, monkeys, chimpanzees, carnivores such as dogs, cats, araidama, and ferrets, rodents such as hares, rodents, hamsters, monoremots, and squirrels, koalas, and kangaroos. Bag-like eyes, pikes and other odd-shaped eyes, and the like. In these organisms, absorption of D-glucose occurs mainly in the intestinal lining epithelial cells. The amount of L-arabinose to coexist is based on the absorbed D-glucose. And 10 to 30% by mass (excluding 10%) or more is preferable.

The method for suppressing D-glucose absorption of the present invention is not limited to any method as long as L-arabinose coexists when D-glucose is absorbed. Preferably, D-glucose or one of the sugars constituting D-glucose is used. When ingesting carbohydrates that are digested up to D-glucose, L-arabinose or L-arabinose-containing substances may be ingested simultaneously with and / or before and after ingestion.

Generally, D-glucose exists in foods in the following forms.

1. In the free state, ie, D-glucose, which exists as a monosaccharide,

2. D-glucose in a linked state, that is, as a component of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. The D-glucose in 2 is further divided into two categories.

(1) D-glucose that is digested, decomposed into D-glucose, and absorbed.

(2) D-glucose (such as dietary fiber such as cellulose) that is not digested and decomposed and not absorbed.

Examples of carbohydrates containing D-glucose as one of the constituent sugars described in 2. (1) above include sucrose, ratatose, manoletose, isomaltose, trehalose, nolatinose, lactose oligosaccharide, frata oligosaccharide, galatatooligosaccharide, Isomaltooligosaccharides, maltooligosaccharides, soybean oligosaccharides, raffinose, gendooligosaccharides, cyclodextrins, amylose, amilopectin, starch, etc., of which L-arabinose does not inhibit other than sucrose It is a carbohydrate that is decomposed into D-glucose by disaccharide hydrolase, which is thought to be. The target of suppression by L-arabinose in the present invention is D-glucose corresponding to the above 1. and 2. (1). Therefore, in the present invention, an effect of suppressing an increase in blood glucose level due to ingestion of saccharides other than sucrose is exerted.

When ingesting L-arabinose or L-arabinose-containing substances, simultaneously with or before or after ingesting carbohydrates that contain D-darcose or D-glucose as one of the constituent sugars and are digested to D-glucose it is, but before and after the time, depending on the intake of L Arabinosu or L Arabinosu inclusions, D- when the dull course is absorbed, as L Arabinosu, 1 0 3 0 mass ^_0/0 (1 0% Is not particularly limited, as long as they coexist or more. Preferably, it is at least 120 minutes before ingestion and before 120 minutes after ingestion of D-glucose or a carbohydrate containing D-glucose as one of the constituent sugars and digested to D-glucose. More preferably 60 minutes or more before ingestion.

When the elution time can be controlled by, for example, encapsulating L-arabinose or a substance containing L-arabinose, the effects of the present invention can be obtained even if taken long before.

The amount of L-arabinose or L-arabinose-containing substance is determined as the amount of D-glucose absorbed in the intestinal tract, which is absorbed in the absence of L-arabinose. There is no particular limitation as long as L-arabinose is present. D-glucose contained in the food to be ingested exists in a free state (monosaccharide) or in a bound state, that is, in a state in which it is digested even if it is a constituent of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides If you do so, you need to consume more than 10% by mass of L-arapinose based on the D-glucose contained in the food you consume.

On the other hand, if D-glucose contained in the food to be ingested contains D-glucose which is not digested even if it is present in a bound state, that is, as a component of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides, it is included in the food L-arabinose may be consumed in an amount exceeding 10% by mass based on the total amount of D-glucose subtracted from the amount of undigested D-glucose. For example, if 50% of the total D-glucose in the food to be consumed is indigestible, the amount of D-glucose in the food to be consumed exceeds 5% by mass based on the D-glucose in the food to be consumed. All that L-arabinose would be.

Therefore, the specific intake of L-arabinose at the time of eating is L-arabinose which depends on the amount of D-glucose as a monosaccharide contained in the food to be consumed and the amount of D-dalcose absorbed and absorbed. Need to take. What humans and animals consume as nutrient sources can be broadly divided into carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In humans, individual differences are large. In general, Japanese people are carbohydrates Accounted for 65.7% (F AO “The 6th World Food Survey” 1979-198, average for the year) (fat: 22.3%), while the United States accounted for 38. 8% (FAO “6th World Food Survey” 1 979 _ 1 98 1 year average), large (carbohydrate: 49.1%). The average daily intake of carbohydrates for Japanese people by gender is 180 g to 323 g. It is not clear how much undigested D-glucose is, but the nutritional requirements of the 6th Revised Japanese (Health and Medical Services Bureau, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Lifestyle-related Disease Control Room) showed that dietary fiber intake was 20%. It is desirable to use 25 g / day.

Based on the above data, the daily intake of D-glucose, which is digested even when it is in the free state (monosaccharide) and as a component of polysaccharides, is estimated to be 150 to 300 g for Japanese. In the case of the Americans, it is 110 to 225 g, assuming 75% of Japan (from the ratio of carbohydrates).

The dosage of L-arabinose is 3.5 g or more, preferably 5 g or more, more preferably 10 g or more per serving, although there are individual differences and daily differences. It is not necessary to ingest L-arabinose in every meal, but the daily intake is at least llg, preferably at least 15 g, more preferably at least 30 g. In addition to meals, it is also possible to take them in conjunction with snacks (snacks, drinks, etc.) only to reduce the effect of D-glucose. The D-glucose absorption inhibitor of the second embodiment of the present invention contains L-arabinose as an active ingredient, and the above-mentioned L-arabinose is used. L-arabinose may be in the form of powder, sugar solution, crystals, granules, etc., or an enzyme-treated natural product from which L-arabinose has been released, or an extract of the same, or water, ethanol, ethylene glycol ^, polyethylene glycol, etc. Examples include those prepared by diluting with a non-toxic carrier such as a liquid carrier, a solid carrier such as a cellulose powder or a polyamide powder, and preparing an ampoule, a granule, a tablet, a pill, a capsule, a syrup, etc. in a usual manner. Can be The D-glucose absorption inhibitor of the present invention is contained in a meal, and when the L-arabinose does not coexist, 10 to 30% by mass of D-glucose absorbed by the living body (Excluding 10%) or more so that L-arabinose can be taken.

Foods and drinks according to the third embodiment of the present invention include confectioneries such as cookies and biscuits, frozen desserts such as ice cream and sherbet, drinks such as coffee and juice, and sugars such as sugar, bean jam, jam and corn flakes. In foods and drinks containing quality, the amount of D-glucose contained in foods and drinks and D-glucose contained as constituent sugars exceeds 10% by mass with respect to the amount absorbed by living organisms in the absence of L-arabinose It contains an amount of L-arabinose. Preferably, it is 15 to 30% by mass.

The method for producing the food or drink is not particularly limited, and L-arabinose may be added during the production process.

The pet food according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is a pet food containing carbohydrates such as corn, wheat, rice, protein, potatoes, beans, fruits, etc., wherein D-glucose and constituent sugars contained in the pet food are included. Among the contained D-glucose, it contains L-arabinose in an amount exceeding 1% by mass with respect to the amount absorbed by the living body when L-arabinose does not coexist. Preferably, it is 15 to 30% by mass.

There is no particular limitation on the method of making this feed, and L-arabinose may be added during the manufacturing process.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples. Example 1 (D—Determination of increase in blood glucose due to glucose load)

Samples 1 and 2 shown in Table 1 were prepared. Wistar rats (male, 1 group = 5 animals, 5 weeks old) were fasted from the day before the test, and then 2 ml / 100 g body weight (equivalent to 1 g / Kg body weight) of each sample was injected into the stomach. Blood glucose level in the tail vein before and after administration at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes after administration. It was measured by a store (Teijin). Numerical values represent the change from blood glucose level before administration as blood glucose level, which was the standard deviation of the mean of each group (n = 5). table 1

Figure 3 shows this result. The change in blood glucose level occurred rapidly within 15 minutes after administration in sample 1 (control), but in sample 2 (L-arabinose 20 mass / addition of ₀ ), the blood glucose elevation area itself The decrease to about 60% suggests that L_arabinose suppresses the absorption of D-glucose _c Example 2 (Test for suppressing blood glucose rise due to maltose load)

The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the samples shown in Table 2 were used. Table 2

FIG. 4 shows the results of the blood glucose elevation suppression test of Example 2. The change in blood glucose level occurred rapidly within 60 minutes after administration in sample 3 (control), but in sample 4 (added with 20% by mass of L-arabinose), the area of the rise in blood glucose level itself was about 60%. This suggests that L-arabinose inhibits the absorption of D-glucose, which is a degradation product of maltose.

Example 3 (Trehalose load-induced suppression of blood glucose rise)

The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the samples shown in Table 3 were used. Table 3

FIG. 5 shows the results of the blood glucose elevation suppression test of Example 3. The change in blood glucose level occurred sharply within 60 minutes after administration in sample 5 (control), but in sample 6 (added with 20% by mass of L-arabinose), the area of the rise in blood glucose level itself was about 70%. This indicates that L-arabinose suppresses the absorption of D-glucose, which is a degradation product of trehalose.

Although the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

This application is based on a Japanese patent application filed on May 7, 2002 (Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-131552), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Industrial applicability>

Ingestion of the D-glucose absorption inhibitor or food of the present invention can suppress excessive intake of D-glucose, moderately increase the blood sugar level due to ingestion of D-glucose and the like, and thus reduce the occurrence of obesity and obesity. To prevent various diseases associated with Fruit can be expected. In addition, it is effective in reducing the dalycemic index value (GI value) of various foods, which are attracting attention as a measure against obesity in recent years.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A method for suppressing D-glucose absorption, which comprises coexisting L-arabinose when D-glucose is absorbed into living cells.

2. The method for suppressing D-glucose absorption according to claim 1, wherein the living cell is an intestinal lining epithelial cell.

3. When ingesting carbohydrate that contains D-glucose or D-glucose as one of the constituent sugars and is digested up to D-glucose, ingest L-arabinose or L-arabinose-containing substance at the same time as the ingestion and before or after z 3. The method for suppressing D-glucose absorption according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

4. Claims characterized in that 10 to 30% by mass (excluding 10% by mass) of L-arabinose is taken in coexistence with D-glucose absorbed by the living body. Item 3. The method for suppressing D-dalcose absorption according to item 3.

5. A D-glucose absorption inhibitor comprising L-arabinose as an active ingredient.

6. In a food or drink containing a saccharide, 10 mass of D-glucose in the food or drink and D-glucose contained as a constituent sugar is absorbed by the living body. A food or drink characterized by containing L-arabinose in an amount exceeding / ₀ .

7. In a pet food containing carbohydrates, L-arabinose in an amount exceeding 10% by mass of D-glucose in the feed and D-glucose contained as a constituent sugar is absorbed by a living body. A pet feed, characterized in that it contains: