WO2000030930A1 - Energy absorbing structures - Google Patents

Energy absorbing structures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000030930A1
WO2000030930A1 PCT/GB1999/003840 GB9903840W WO0030930A1 WO 2000030930 A1 WO2000030930 A1 WO 2000030930A1 GB 9903840 W GB9903840 W GB 9903840W WO 0030930 A1 WO0030930 A1 WO 0030930A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hull
energy absorbing
ship
skin
skins
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1999/003840
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Euan Campbell Mclean Haig
Original Assignee
Bae Systems (Land And Sea Systems) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bae Systems (Land And Sea Systems) Limited filed Critical Bae Systems (Land And Sea Systems) Limited
Priority to AU11706/00A priority Critical patent/AU1170600A/en
Publication of WO2000030930A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000030930A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/16—Shells
    • B63B3/20—Shells of double type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/082—Arrangements for minimizing pollution by accidents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/18—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for preventing collision or grounding; reducing collision damage

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of mechanical structures designed to withstand deformations, and more particularly, but not exclusively, to the field of ship hull protection.
  • PCT Publication No. WO 94/26585 describes a method and device for the installation of a double hull protection system providing increased energy absorption characteristics via the utilisation of trusslike members arranged so as to provide support to the auxiliary hull shell.
  • the provision of this type of energy absorbing structure requires a complex geometric arrangement of structural support members within the void created between the inner and outer hulls, and therefore can add significant penalties in terms of both weight and design complication thereby resulting in a potentially reduced load carrying capability and increased build and maintenance costs.
  • the object of our invention is to provide a method and apparatus to improve the energy absorption characteristics of multiple hull designed ships, utilising the mechanical characteristics of state of the art hull design with the addition of novel inter-skin void filling energy absorbing members.
  • a multiple hull for a ship designed to reduced structural deformations and damage associated with impact or pressure loading applied to the outer hull of said ship
  • said multiple hull comprising at least two hull skins, said hull skins being maintained in a spaced apart relationship by a plurality of bulk head means thereby describing voids, said voids between said hull skins being substantially filled with energy absorbing element means, said energy absorbing element means being so designed as to deform in response to impact or pressure loading
  • Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of a twin hull ship design
  • Figure 2 shows a representation of section A-A as denoted in Figure 1 ,
  • Figure 3 shows a representation of a section of inter-hull void filled with energy absorbing material in accordance with the invention.
  • Figures 4a to 4b show a diagrammatic representation of ships hull in accordance with the invention undergoing stages of progressive deformation
  • a ship hull assembly comprising an outer hull skin 2, an inner hull skin 3, and a representative number of transverse bulkheads 4 to providing structural support to the inner and outer hulls, 3, 2
  • Figure 2 shows section A-A ( Figure 1 ) indicating the relative locations of the outer hull 2 and inner hull 3 to the ships deck level 6 along with the positioning of the ship centre line longitudinal bulkhead member 7 Additionally, the relative locations of the outer skin 2 and inner skin 3 provide for a void 5 as shown Figure 3 shows a representative area of void 5 between the outer and inner skins 2, 3 filled with spherical energy absorbing elements 8
  • FIG. 5a shows the double skinned hull 2, 3 in its normal operating configuration, with the void 5 filled with energy absorbing elements
  • a design in accordance with the invention will comprise a tough strong outer skin 2 forming the outer shape of the ship 1 This itself absorbing some levels of energy and resisting deformation and tearing thereby maintaining buoyancy
  • the transverse watertight bulkheads 4 are required to be tough and compliant to provide support to the outer skin along with void 8 sub-division, thereby locating and retaining the buoyant energy absorption elements within localised areas of the void 8 and permitting the outer skin to deform whilst minimising strain levels
  • the inner skin 3 is required to be made tough and structurally stiff to help contain the buoyant energy absorption elements and to resist their movement forming a watertight boundary
  • buoyant energy absorption elements The key characteristics of the buoyant energy absorption elements is that they will deform at forces just below those which will apply large local deformities to the outer skin, or large deformations to the inner skin whilst remaining buoyant
  • the energy elements may be preferably metallic or alternatively be constructed using other materials, including composites, which exhibit the required properties
  • the outer and inner skins 2, 3 will be separated by large distances depending on the size of the impact loading or deformation to be resisted
  • the spaces between the inner and outer skins 3, 2 and pairs of bulkheads 4 will be substantially filled with buoyant energy absorbing elements, and either part flooded with water or bound in a suitable matrix
  • Figures 4a to 4e show a typical sequence of events surrounding impact type deformable damage to the hull of a ship having a design in accordance with the invention, where the element of the hull subjected to the loading is below the water line.
  • Figure 4a shows the initial shape of a section of the hull 1 comprising both outer and inner skins 2, 3 a centre line longitudinal bulkhead 7 and a representative section of inter-skin void 5 containing energy absorbing elements 8.
  • the loading the outer hull skin 2 produces a small deformation of the skin 10 along with deformation of some energy absorbing elements in the vicinity of the impact or explosion 11.
  • the inner skin 3 sees virtually no loading, due to the energy absorption characteristics of both the outer skin 2 and the deforming energy absorption elements 8 in the localised region 11.
  • Figure 4c shows the next stage in the deformation characteristics of the hull design, the outer skin 2 being heavily deformed over an increased region 12 and accordingly an increased number of energy absorption elements 8 become deformed thereby absorbing an increasing amount of deformation energy throughout the region 12.
  • the inner skin 3 begins to see load transmitted from the deformed region 12 by the compression of the energy absorption elements contained between the two skins and therefore begins to deform accordingly over an initial area 13.
  • Figure 4d shows a further advanced stage of ships hull deformation wherein the outer skin 2 is now deformed over an increased region 14 resulting in rupture of said skin 15 and an associated increasing number of energy absorbing elements being substantially deformed thereby absorbing an increasing amount of deformation energy.
  • the inner skin 3 deforms over a larger region 16 seeing load transmitted by the energy absorption elements contained between the two regions 14, 16.
  • the final figure in the sequence, Figure 4e shows the whole deformation at a very advanced state, wherein the outer skin 2 is deformed over a region 17, this outer skin 2 containing significant ruptures 19 resulting in the subsequent inability of the outer skin 2 to provide any further mechanical deflection resistance.
  • the energy absorbing elements 8 contained within the region bounded by the outer skin 17 and inner skin deformation 18 would at this stage have absorbed substantially all of the energy possible, and therefore will be transmitting any further deflection energy directly to the inner skin 3 over said region 18.
  • the design of the inner skin 3 is such that the mechanical toughness and stiffness characteristics are such that the skin 2 should contain the buoyant energy absorbing elements and delay as far as possible penetration or rupture of the skin 2 which would compromise the function of the inner watertight boundary.
  • the energy absorbing characteristics of the invention can easily be applied to other structures which may be subject to impact or pressure loading, including but not limited to aircraft and motor vehicles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

A multiple hull for a ship, comprising at least two hull skins (2, 3) maintained in a spaced apart relationship by bulk heads (4, 7) and describing voids (5) filled with energy absorbing elements (8) designed to deform in response to impact or pressure loading.

Description

ENERGYABSORBING STRUCTURES
This invention relates to the field of mechanical structures designed to withstand deformations, and more particularly, but not exclusively, to the field of ship hull protection.
In the field of modern ship and boat design a wide range of different techniques have been employed to offer impact based protection to the hull, to maintain both structural integrity and indeed buoyancy. State of the art designs provide for hull protection by utilising techniques such as twin skin designs, multiple hull structure designs and various side impact protection systems based upon the absorption of deformation based energy by the controlled collapse of internal structural members.
PCT Publication No. WO 94/26585 describes a method and device for the installation of a double hull protection system providing increased energy absorption characteristics via the utilisation of trusslike members arranged so as to provide support to the auxiliary hull shell. The provision of this type of energy absorbing structure requires a complex geometric arrangement of structural support members within the void created between the inner and outer hulls, and therefore can add significant penalties in terms of both weight and design complication thereby resulting in a potentially reduced load carrying capability and increased build and maintenance costs.
The object of our invention is to provide a method and apparatus to improve the energy absorption characteristics of multiple hull designed ships, utilising the mechanical characteristics of state of the art hull design with the addition of novel inter-skin void filling energy absorbing members.
Accordingly there is provided a multiple hull for a ship, designed to reduced structural deformations and damage associated with impact or pressure loading applied to the outer hull of said ship said multiple hull comprising at least two hull skins, said hull skins being maintained in a spaced apart relationship by a plurality of bulk head means thereby describing voids, said voids between said hull skins being substantially filled with energy absorbing element means, said energy absorbing element means being so designed as to deform in response to impact or pressure loading
A specific embodiment of the invention will now be given by way of example only with reference to the following drawings, in which,
Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of a twin hull ship design,
Figure 2 shows a representation of section A-A as denoted in Figure 1 ,
Figure 3 shows a representation of a section of inter-hull void filled with energy absorbing material in accordance with the invention, and,
Figures 4a to 4b show a diagrammatic representation of ships hull in accordance with the invention undergoing stages of progressive deformation
In Figure 1 , a ship hull assembly is shown 1 comprising an outer hull skin 2, an inner hull skin 3, and a representative number of transverse bulkheads 4 to providing structural support to the inner and outer hulls, 3, 2
Figure 2 shows section A-A (Figure 1 ) indicating the relative locations of the outer hull 2 and inner hull 3 to the ships deck level 6 along with the positioning of the ship centre line longitudinal bulkhead member 7 Additionally, the relative locations of the outer skin 2 and inner skin 3 provide for a void 5 as shown Figure 3 shows a representative area of void 5 between the outer and inner skins 2, 3 filled with spherical energy absorbing elements 8
In an example of twin hulled ship design incorporating our invention Figure 5a shows the double skinned hull 2, 3 in its normal operating configuration, with the void 5 filled with energy absorbing elements To maximise the energy absorbing characteristics offered by the use of the void filling elements 8, a design in accordance with the invention will comprise a tough strong outer skin 2 forming the outer shape of the ship 1 This itself absorbing some levels of energy and resisting deformation and tearing thereby maintaining buoyancy Additionally, the transverse watertight bulkheads 4 are required to be tough and compliant to provide support to the outer skin along with void 8 sub-division, thereby locating and retaining the buoyant energy absorption elements within localised areas of the void 8 and permitting the outer skin to deform whilst minimising strain levels The inner skin 3 is required to be made tough and structurally stiff to help contain the buoyant energy absorption elements and to resist their movement forming a watertight boundary
The key characteristics of the buoyant energy absorption elements is that they will deform at forces just below those which will apply large local deformities to the outer skin, or large deformations to the inner skin whilst remaining buoyant The energy elements may be preferably metallic or alternatively be constructed using other materials, including composites, which exhibit the required properties The outer and inner skins 2, 3 will be separated by large distances depending on the size of the impact loading or deformation to be resisted The spaces between the inner and outer skins 3, 2 and pairs of bulkheads 4 will be substantially filled with buoyant energy absorbing elements, and either part flooded with water or bound in a suitable matrix Figures 4a to 4e show a typical sequence of events surrounding impact type deformable damage to the hull of a ship having a design in accordance with the invention, where the element of the hull subjected to the loading is below the water line.
Figure 4a shows the initial shape of a section of the hull 1 comprising both outer and inner skins 2, 3 a centre line longitudinal bulkhead 7 and a representative section of inter-skin void 5 containing energy absorbing elements 8. In Figure 4b, the loading the outer hull skin 2 produces a small deformation of the skin 10 along with deformation of some energy absorbing elements in the vicinity of the impact or explosion 11. At this time, the inner skin 3 sees virtually no loading, due to the energy absorption characteristics of both the outer skin 2 and the deforming energy absorption elements 8 in the localised region 11. Figure 4c shows the next stage in the deformation characteristics of the hull design, the outer skin 2 being heavily deformed over an increased region 12 and accordingly an increased number of energy absorption elements 8 become deformed thereby absorbing an increasing amount of deformation energy throughout the region 12. At this advanced stage of deformation, the inner skin 3 begins to see load transmitted from the deformed region 12 by the compression of the energy absorption elements contained between the two skins and therefore begins to deform accordingly over an initial area 13. Figure 4d shows a further advanced stage of ships hull deformation wherein the outer skin 2 is now deformed over an increased region 14 resulting in rupture of said skin 15 and an associated increasing number of energy absorbing elements being substantially deformed thereby absorbing an increasing amount of deformation energy. Accordingly, the inner skin 3 deforms over a larger region 16 seeing load transmitted by the energy absorption elements contained between the two regions 14, 16. The final figure in the sequence, Figure 4e, shows the whole deformation at a very advanced state, wherein the outer skin 2 is deformed over a region 17, this outer skin 2 containing significant ruptures 19 resulting in the subsequent inability of the outer skin 2 to provide any further mechanical deflection resistance. The energy absorbing elements 8 contained within the region bounded by the outer skin 17 and inner skin deformation 18 would at this stage have absorbed substantially all of the energy possible, and therefore will be transmitting any further deflection energy directly to the inner skin 3 over said region 18. The design of the inner skin 3 is such that the mechanical toughness and stiffness characteristics are such that the skin 2 should contain the buoyant energy absorbing elements and delay as far as possible penetration or rupture of the skin 2 which would compromise the function of the inner watertight boundary.
Due to the transverse bulkhead segmentation characteristics of the twin hull design, following an event as depicted in 4a to 4e, the structure is expected to have suffered large deformations in the outer skin, and some permanent compression of some of the buoyant energy absorbers will have occurred. Hence, some reduction of their buoyancy will result and accordingly a reduction of hull volumes (and therefore buoyancy) will occur. The design characteristics are such that the segmented nature of the hull design result in the craft as a whole experiencing little change of draft, heel or trim.
The energy absorbing characteristics of the invention can easily be applied to other structures which may be subject to impact or pressure loading, including but not limited to aircraft and motor vehicles.

Claims

1. A multiple hull for a ship said multiple hull comprising at least two hull skins, said hull skins being maintained in a spaced apart relationship by a plurality of bulk head means thereby describing voids, said voids between said hull skins being substantially filled with energy absorbing element means, said energy absorbing element means being so designed as to deform in response to impact or pressure loading.
2. A multiple hull for a ship as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said energy absorbing element means are designed to deform at forces just below those which will apply large local deformations to the outer hull skin, or large deformations to the inner hull skin.
3. A multiple hull for a ship as claimed in claims 1 and 2 above, wherein said buoyant energy absorbing element means are spherical.
4. A multiple hull for a ship as claimed in claims 1 , 2 and 3 above, wherein the void between said hull skins is substantially filled with said energy absorbing element means and partially flooded with water.
5. A multiple hull for a ship as claimed in claims 1 , 2 and 3 above, wherein the voids between said hull skins are substantially filled with energy absorbing element means which are bound in a matrix material.
6. A multiple hull for a ship as claimed in claims 1 to 5 above, wherein said energy absorbing element means are metallic.
7. A multiple hull for a ship substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings
PCT/GB1999/003840 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Energy absorbing structures WO2000030930A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU11706/00A AU1170600A (en) 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Energy absorbing structures

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9825317.2 1998-11-20
GBGB9825317.2A GB9825317D0 (en) 1998-11-20 1998-11-20 Energy absorbing structures

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000030930A1 true WO2000030930A1 (en) 2000-06-02

Family

ID=10842678

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1999/003840 WO2000030930A1 (en) 1998-11-20 1999-11-17 Energy absorbing structures

Country Status (4)

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AR (1) AR021317A1 (en)
AU (1) AU1170600A (en)
GB (1) GB9825317D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2000030930A1 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2386866A (en) * 2002-03-26 2003-10-01 Gibbs Int Tech Ltd Marine craft with impact absorbing means
NL1020696C2 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-01 Tno Device for protecting against underwater shock.
US6770374B1 (en) 1998-06-05 2004-08-03 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composite elements containing compact polyisocyanate polyaddition products
US6790537B1 (en) 1999-03-30 2004-09-14 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composite elements containing polyisocyanate-polyaddition products
EP1614619A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-11 Modus Marine Safety BV i.o. Impact absorbing part of a ship
WO2006005556A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-19 Modus Marine Safety B.V.I.O. Impact absorbing part of a ship
US7223457B1 (en) 1999-11-04 2007-05-29 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composite elements
FR2894931A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-22 Mediterranee Const Ind Buoyant apparatus for e.g. ship, has shell with reinforcement which is sized for housing anti-impact lining, and base combining with shell to form assembly with continuous outer surface, where lining has skin and structural part

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405590A (en) * 1940-03-08 1946-08-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Detonation shield
DE2462128A1 (en) * 1974-01-07 1976-02-05 Toyo Kohan Co Ltd Hollow thin-walled metal spheres - produced by dropping fused metal particles into fluid tank
WO1994026585A1 (en) 1993-05-18 1994-11-24 Special Projects Research Corp. Method and device for the installation of double hull protection
US5379711A (en) * 1992-09-30 1995-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Retrofittable monolithic box beam composite hull system
DE4432234A1 (en) * 1994-09-10 1996-05-30 Friedrich Koch Protective double walled hull for oil tanker and similar ships
US5613460A (en) * 1994-08-31 1997-03-25 Newport News Shipbuilding And Dry Dock Company Submersible vessel external load mounting system
EP0799764A1 (en) * 1996-04-01 1997-10-08 Schelde Maritiem B.V. Tube construction with adjoining layers of tubes
US5803004A (en) * 1996-11-06 1998-09-08 Emerson & Cuming, Composite Materials, Inc. Marine vessel construction
US5862772A (en) * 1996-12-26 1999-01-26 Emerson & Cumingcomposite Materials, Inc. Damage control materials for warship construction

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405590A (en) * 1940-03-08 1946-08-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Detonation shield
DE2462128A1 (en) * 1974-01-07 1976-02-05 Toyo Kohan Co Ltd Hollow thin-walled metal spheres - produced by dropping fused metal particles into fluid tank
US5379711A (en) * 1992-09-30 1995-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Retrofittable monolithic box beam composite hull system
WO1994026585A1 (en) 1993-05-18 1994-11-24 Special Projects Research Corp. Method and device for the installation of double hull protection
US5613460A (en) * 1994-08-31 1997-03-25 Newport News Shipbuilding And Dry Dock Company Submersible vessel external load mounting system
DE4432234A1 (en) * 1994-09-10 1996-05-30 Friedrich Koch Protective double walled hull for oil tanker and similar ships
EP0799764A1 (en) * 1996-04-01 1997-10-08 Schelde Maritiem B.V. Tube construction with adjoining layers of tubes
US5803004A (en) * 1996-11-06 1998-09-08 Emerson & Cuming, Composite Materials, Inc. Marine vessel construction
US5862772A (en) * 1996-12-26 1999-01-26 Emerson & Cumingcomposite Materials, Inc. Damage control materials for warship construction

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6770374B1 (en) 1998-06-05 2004-08-03 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composite elements containing compact polyisocyanate polyaddition products
US6790537B1 (en) 1999-03-30 2004-09-14 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composite elements containing polyisocyanate-polyaddition products
US7223457B1 (en) 1999-11-04 2007-05-29 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composite elements
GB2386866A (en) * 2002-03-26 2003-10-01 Gibbs Int Tech Ltd Marine craft with impact absorbing means
GB2386866B (en) * 2002-03-26 2005-08-24 Gibbs Int Tech Ltd Marine craft with impact absorbing means
NL1020696C2 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-01 Tno Device for protecting against underwater shock.
WO2003099648A1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2003-12-04 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast- Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Underwater shock protection device
EP1614619A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-11 Modus Marine Safety BV i.o. Impact absorbing part of a ship
WO2006005556A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-19 Modus Marine Safety B.V.I.O. Impact absorbing part of a ship
FR2894931A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-22 Mediterranee Const Ind Buoyant apparatus for e.g. ship, has shell with reinforcement which is sized for housing anti-impact lining, and base combining with shell to form assembly with continuous outer surface, where lining has skin and structural part
WO2007080248A1 (en) 2005-12-16 2007-07-19 Constructions Industrielles De La Mediterranee - Cnim Floating vessel comprising a collision-resistant hull

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR021317A1 (en) 2002-07-17
GB9825317D0 (en) 1999-01-13
AU1170600A (en) 2000-06-13

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