WO2000004328A1 - Reactor for wood retification - Google Patents
Reactor for wood retification Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000004328A1 WO2000004328A1 PCT/FR1999/001718 FR9901718W WO0004328A1 WO 2000004328 A1 WO2000004328 A1 WO 2000004328A1 FR 9901718 W FR9901718 W FR 9901718W WO 0004328 A1 WO0004328 A1 WO 0004328A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- reactor
- retification
- load
- enclosure
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
- C10L9/083—Torrefaction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
- F26B21/086—Humidity by condensing the moisture in the drying medium, which may be recycled, e.g. using a heat pump cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical sector of the transformation by roasting of woody materials of plant origin.
- French patent FR 2,512,053 (ARMINES) describes a process for obtaining from wood a new material having new properties with greater ease of use, while retaining all of the potential thermal energy of the woody material. from the start, for a significantly increased calorific value.
- a vegetable woody material such as wood is subjected to a roasting treatment in a neutral atmosphere, at a temperature between 200 and 280 ° C., preferably 240 and 260 ° C.
- This treatment applies to any woody product of plant origin, including woody forest or agricultural waste. If the product is too fine, agglomeration is carried out beforehand, for example in sawdust croquettes or the like.
- the duration of the treatment depends on the particle size and the temperature. For 1 cm3, for example 30 min. at 280 ° C but 1 h at 250 ° C and 2 h at 230 ° C. A friable brown product is obtained, different from both charcoal and "red” charcoal obtained by carbonization at low temperature. Among other things, the release of acetic acid from the wood is obtained.
- French patent 2,591,611 describes a new material known as “thermocondensed” obtained by the control and / or inhibition at all times of the exothermic reactions which occur in the material during the heat treatment of wood.
- the method consists in treating chips less than 50 mm or sawdust, anhydrous, by intimate contact with a non-oxidizing gaseous medium at a controlled temperature, maintained between 220 and 280 ° C, for at most 30 min., Then at cool the material to less than 200 ° C, preferably to 120 ° C, in a non-oxidizing medium. These conditions make it possible to avoid any carbonization.
- This patent also describes a furnace with circulation of hot gases according to a mode “with cross currents” compared to the treated material.
- Patent 2 604 942 describes a process for manufacturing lignocellulosic material with small dimensional variations for variable hygrometric states, from solid wood or bot fibers. This process consists of “cross-linking” the wood fibers. This involves carrying out chemical bridging (covalent bonds) between the macromolecular chains of the wood fibers.
- This retification is carried out by heat treatment in an atmosphere and at controlled temperature, for a limited period.
- Patent FR 2 751 579 is also known, which describes a process for treating wood with a glass transition stage.
- the patent FR 2 751 580 describes a wood retification process, according to which, during at least one heat treatment step, the existing quantity of at least one of the gases resulting from the decomposition of the hemicellulose is monitored, and this step is interrupted as soon as said quantity begins to become constant.
- patent FR 2 757 097 describes a device for treating wood at high temperature, in a reducing atmosphere, by a gas heating system with recirculation of air in the combustion chamber, to effect combustion of the hydrocarbons. This process extracts the "tars" that the presence of water then forces to condense and does not specify the exact purpose of the treatment, which is a simple heating / cooling of wood simply stacked freely on carts. In any event, this patent provides for the introduction of water and an atmosphere comprising up to 3% of oxygen, which therefore cannot be applied to retification.
- Reading the prior art which will be referred to, reveals the complexity and the physicochemical finesse of these studies and the sensitivity of the processes which result therefrom.
- the present invention relates to a wood retification reactor, therefore intended for the industrial implementation of the retification process as described in the prior art.
- Another difficulty encountered relates to the deformation of the mass of wood subjected to such a heat treatment.
- the object of the process is among other advantages to obtain a dimensionally very stable wood; this objective would naturally be meaningless if the wood came out deformed or warped from the retification reactor.
- the oven includes means for injecting inert gas such as nitrogen to create and maintain the inert atmosphere. These means are known.
- inert atmosphere denotes here the fact that an inert gas, preferably nitrogen, is injected from the start of the cycle start, the nitrogen progressively replacing oxygen until it becomes an atmosphere of 'pure nitrogen (in any case, without oxygen, but containing VOCs and moisture, as well as other extracted products such as methanol or acetic acid).
- an inert gas preferably nitrogen
- the "progressive" constraint is exerted by hydraulic cylinders.
- the jacks are replaced by springs carried on the loading carriages, these springs being tensioned at the start of the treatment and having to be both able to withstand the temperature cycles and to exert a constant or very substantially constant compressive force.
- these springs will be made of stainless steel.
- the strong mixing of the atmosphere is obtained by centrifugal turbines.
- a system of flaps is provided, the reversal of which makes it possible to reverse the direction of passage of the flow of treatment gas through the charge.
- FIG. 3 An embodiment of this flap system is shown in FIG. 3 and is schematically described in FIG. 6.
- the system described is not limiting, and other means of reversing the flow will appear clearly to those skilled in the art. job.
- This inversion principle is important in order to achieve satisfactory temperature uniformity of the charge.
- the hot retification air circulates around the mass of wood then is directed by at least one fan to a cooler where the condensates, mainly water, methanol and acetic acid, extracted from the wood being condensed treatment.
- the air leaving the condenser is then returned to the process air flow, mixed with this flow, then reheated with the flow and returned to the load.
- the cooler is a finned air / air heat exchange condenser or a similar device of known type.
- this condenser is used, in addition to its condensate removal function, to cool the load of wood during the temperature reduction phases.
- the reactor according to the invention therefore solves one of the problems posed in a simple manner.
- the reactor further comprises a double enclosure wall into which cold ambient air is injected, this wall becoming a cold radiator and participating in the cooling of the inert atmosphere circulating around the load of wood. , with the desired speed.
- the invention allows a precision, in temperature uniformity, of the order of 1, 5 to 2 or 2.5 ° C, which meets the specifications. This is remarkable, in the case of loads of the order of 8 m3 and the complex and demanding temperature / time cycle which will be described below.
- the heating consists of batteries of electrical resistors, the only ones capable of ensuring, in the current state of technology, the heating of the air subjected to the desired strong mixing (that is to say, heating of the air with thermal inertia also as low as possible), according to the cycles described in the patents FR 2 751 579 and 2 751 580 mentioned above.
- Another important aspect of the invention resides in the mode of loading.
- the Applicant attributes this surprising result to the combination of the retification process and the “evolutionary” constraint exerted for example by the jacks.
- the reactor for wood retification is also characterized by the fact that the method of loading wood into the reactor comprises at least one carriage on which the stacks of pieces of wood are placed, separating each layer by wooden or metal slats , and preferably two carriages arranged on either side of the reactor enclosure.
- the reactor according to the invention operates on the principle of discontinuous heating.
- the reactor enclosure has two access doors, one at each end. While a carriage and its constrained load undergo treatment after entering the enclosure from one side, another load is prepared on a second trolley on the other side. When the first carriage leaves on its side, the second will enter and the cycle can start again. It is understood that the cycle must be as short as possible to reduce the waiting time.
- the reactor according to the invention can also be adapted to continuous treatment, as illustrated by FIG. 7 and its commentary.
- the continuous reactor enclosure is divided into several modules in order to be able to process loads of very different volumes without requiring heating and cooling of the entire enclosure, which would be an expense (and a time) perfectly useless. This will be described in more detail with reference to Figure 7.
- the batch reactor can be adapted to accommodate loads of 1, 5, 3, 4.5 or 6 m, as shown in Figures 1 to 4.
- loads 1, 5, 3, 4.5 or 6 m, as shown in Figures 1 to 4.
- all the systems such as jacks, mixers (engines and turbines), and the like, are distributed over the length of the reactor, according to an arrangement making it possible to treat the different lengths of charge above, and above all impose the same temperature uniformity throughout the reactor enclosure, whether the charge is 1.5 m, 3 m, 4.5 m or 6 m. This is essential to avoid any heterogeneity, for example on an edge of the load, etc.
- the air circuits must include valve and distribution systems adapted to supply one, two or three modules.
- the cycle can be fully programmed, and a PLC (or man-machine interface) controls the various functions which have just been described.
- FIG. 1 represents a general sectional view from above of the reactor in discontinuous operating version according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a side view in section (excluding condenser) along BB of the reactor in discontinuous operating version according to the invention shown in Figure 1
- FIG. 4 represents a general side view in partial section of the reactor in discontinuous operating version according to the invention
- Figure 5 reproduces by way of nonlimiting example Figure 1 of the aforementioned patent 2 751 580, applicable both to continuous and discontinuous mode
- Figure 6 ( Figures 6 a and 6 b) schematically shows the operation of the flow reversing flaps visible in Figures 2 and 3, applicable to both continuous and discontinuous mode
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic side view of a reactor according to the invention, suitable for continuous operation.
- position 2 It will be understood that position 1 of the flaps corresponds to circulation in one direction, and position 2 in the "opposite" direction, as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 6a and 6b.
- T in Figure 1 shows a view of zones 2-3-4 without the interior sheet metal
- P in FIG. 1 represents a view of zone 1 without the structure of the ceiling
- the jacks 9 are mounted on the top of the reactor and exert their action vertically, through the roof structure, by clamping devices 14, in particular of the plate type shown.
- the cylinders are programmed via the automaton to compensate for deformations and / or other dimensional or stress reactions of the wood during the temperature / time cycle.
- FIG. 6 which consists of Figures 6a and 6b, there is shown the inversion of the treatment atmosphere flow through the set of flaps.
- the flaps 19 are in the so-called “2” circulation position and the turbine and the flaps direct the flow as indicated.
- the hottest flux is located to the right of the figure (contact with resistor 22 right, before attacking the load).
- the coolest flow is on the left (flow having passed through the load before meeting the left resistance 22).
- There is therefore a temperature gradient in the load from the right (warmer) to the left (slightly less warm). This causes asymmetry in the heat treatment.
- the set of flaps is reversed by the link 21 or any similar system, to reach the reverse or "opposite" circulation position called "1" which corresponds to FIG. 6b, flaps 18.
- the inversion is carried out approximately every 5 minutes, or according to any other suitable frequency.
- FIG. 7 represents a reactor according to the invention, suitable for continuous operation.
- the charges A, B H, I enter and circulate in the direction indicated.
- the reactor is, according to a preferred non-limiting mode, limited to five modules
- the modules are isolated by watertight doors E. All the systems which have just been described, mutatis mutandis, are used.
- the indicative temperatures are shown in the figures for clarity, as seen, some modules can be divided (dotted line) into, for example, two cells placed at different temperatures, there is also shown in Figure 7 a diagram not limiting heat recovery by an appropriate series of return circuits 80, 90, 100. These circuits, which use known heat exchangers, not shown, will be understood by any person skilled in the art.
- the retification module 50 has priority because its temp cycle. / time is fixed and imperative and therefore determines the number of charges in the downstream and upstream modules.
- a load of 8 m3 of spruce was treated, in pieces of thickness 27 mm for 100 mm in width and 6 m in length.
- the green wood has been dried to reduce its moisture content by approx. 30-40% (initial content) at approx. 12% at the inlet of the reactor in Figures 1 to 6.
- the reactor is loaded, the watertight doors are closed, and the treatment cycle of FIG. 6 is started with nitrogen injection.
- the whole treatment is carried out with a slight nitrogen overpressure.
- a brown product is obtained, having excellent mechanical properties and a dimensional stability of 1.8%.
- the invention relates to the reactors which have just been described, as well as the process for treating wood or woody materials combining retification and placing of the load under "progressive" stress, and finally the load-carrying carriages on which are worn, according to a particular embodiment, means for exerting this evolutionary constraint during a retification process, such as stainless steel springs capable of compressing the load with a constant or very substantially constant force during the treatment, and finally the new products thus obtained.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR9912160-3A BR9912160A (en) | 1998-07-17 | 1999-07-13 | Wood grinding reactor |
CA002337357A CA2337357A1 (en) | 1998-07-17 | 1999-07-13 | Reactor for wood retification |
EP99931345A EP1099084A1 (en) | 1998-07-17 | 1999-07-13 | Reactor for wood retification |
AU47893/99A AU4789399A (en) | 1998-07-17 | 1999-07-13 | Reactor for wood retification |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9809252A FR2781180B1 (en) | 1998-07-17 | 1998-07-17 | WOOD RETIFICATION REACTOR |
FR98/09252 | 1998-07-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000004328A1 true WO2000004328A1 (en) | 2000-01-27 |
Family
ID=9528807
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1999/001718 WO2000004328A1 (en) | 1998-07-17 | 1999-07-13 | Reactor for wood retification |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1099084A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU4789399A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9912160A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2337357A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2781180B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000004328A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US8246788B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2012-08-21 | Teal Sales Incorporated | Biomass torrefaction system and method |
CN104890084A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 南京林业大学 | Energy-saving type wood heat treatment kiln and wood heat treatment method thereof |
CN108844296A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-11-20 | 界首市皖俊轴承有限公司 | A kind of drying unit for bearing |
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FR2805769B1 (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2002-05-31 | Realisation De Travaux Electr | WOOD DRYING PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME |
GB0119616D0 (en) * | 2001-08-11 | 2001-10-03 | Heat Win Ltd | Method and apparatus for continuous processing of moist organic materials |
US7537619B2 (en) | 2004-04-08 | 2009-05-26 | Félix Huard Inc. | Method and system for the treatment of betula wood |
FR2900859A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-16 | Prodeo Soc | Wood processing method for building construction, involves providing stage of thermal processing to change wood`s physicochemical structure by weighing wood and based on removal of constitution of water resulting in loss of dry mass of wood |
CN103047832A (en) * | 2011-10-15 | 2013-04-17 | 四川制药制剂有限公司 | High-sealing electrothermal blowing dry box |
FR3000419B1 (en) * | 2013-01-02 | 2015-03-06 | A2C | SYSTEM FOR MAINTAINING WORKPIECES TO BE PROCESSED IN AN ENCLOSURE FOR PROCESSING THESE PIECES, RECEIVING A LIQUID |
CN107940941B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2020-02-07 | 江苏中科重工股份有限公司 | Nuclear power waste resin conical drying device |
CN112556337B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-09-20 | 东北林业大学 | Wood drying machine with degerming function |
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CH340769A (en) * | 1957-11-28 | 1959-08-31 | Informa Marc Andre Houmard | Method for removably fixing a cover on a stack of pieces of wood and device for carrying out this method |
DE1629119A1 (en) * | 1965-06-11 | 1971-01-21 | Dr Phil Viktor Vanicek | Drying plant |
DE2161390A1 (en) * | 1971-12-10 | 1973-06-14 | Hildebrand Maschbau Robert | DRYING CHAMBER, IN PARTICULAR FOR DRYING SAW WOOD |
US4196526A (en) * | 1978-10-26 | 1980-04-08 | CEAF S.p.A. | Drying plant, particularly for timber |
US4233752A (en) * | 1979-04-06 | 1980-11-18 | Kleinguenther Robert A | Apparatus and process for treating wood and fibrous materials |
GB2064099A (en) * | 1979-11-29 | 1981-06-10 | Prestcold Ltd | Dehumidifier; Air Conditioner; Drier |
FR2475200A1 (en) * | 1980-02-01 | 1981-08-07 | Madre Marc | Wood drying system using alternate hot dry and refrigerated humid air - using heat pump to control temp. of wood in drying enclosure and humidifying spray to control air moisture content |
FR2491200A1 (en) * | 1980-10-01 | 1982-04-02 | Sendra Gilles | Compact wood drier using heat pump - with its condenser constructed as large rectangular coil in which wood is dried, and has auxiliary electric heating at start up period |
US4343095A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-08-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Pressure dryer for steam seasoning lumber |
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EP0170648A1 (en) * | 1984-07-26 | 1986-02-05 | Josef Leisser | Process for drying delicate products, e.g. wood |
DE3701995C1 (en) * | 1987-01-23 | 1987-12-03 | Degussa | Device for the uniform application of a flowable heat material with a fluid flow |
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EP0730130A1 (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1996-09-04 | Jiro Sato | Process and equipment for drying wood |
WO1997040968A1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-11-06 | Puristepuu Hottinen Oy | Method for the preparation of pressed wood |
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FR2512053B1 (en) | 1981-08-28 | 1985-08-02 | Armines | PROCESS FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF WOODEN MATERIAL OF PLANT ORIGIN AND MATERIAL OF WOODEN PLANT TRANSFORMED BY TORREFACTION |
FR2591611B1 (en) | 1985-12-18 | 1988-11-10 | Armines | NEW THERMOCONDENSE LIGNO-CELLULOSIC MATERIAL, PROCESS AND OVEN TO OBTAIN IT. |
FR2604942B1 (en) | 1986-10-10 | 1988-12-23 | Armines | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL BY HEAT TREATMENT AND MATERIAL OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS |
FR2751580B1 (en) | 1996-07-26 | 1998-10-16 | N O W New Option Wood | WOOD RETIFICATION PROCESS |
FR2751579B1 (en) | 1996-07-26 | 1998-10-16 | N O W New Option Wood | WOOD PROCESSING PROCESS WITH GLASS TRANSITION STAGE |
FR2757097B1 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1999-01-29 | Bci | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE TREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL |
-
1998
- 1998-07-17 FR FR9809252A patent/FR2781180B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-07-13 BR BR9912160-3A patent/BR9912160A/en unknown
- 1999-07-13 WO PCT/FR1999/001718 patent/WO2000004328A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-07-13 EP EP99931345A patent/EP1099084A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-07-13 CA CA002337357A patent/CA2337357A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-13 AU AU47893/99A patent/AU4789399A/en not_active Abandoned
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CH340769A (en) * | 1957-11-28 | 1959-08-31 | Informa Marc Andre Houmard | Method for removably fixing a cover on a stack of pieces of wood and device for carrying out this method |
DE1629119A1 (en) * | 1965-06-11 | 1971-01-21 | Dr Phil Viktor Vanicek | Drying plant |
DE2161390A1 (en) * | 1971-12-10 | 1973-06-14 | Hildebrand Maschbau Robert | DRYING CHAMBER, IN PARTICULAR FOR DRYING SAW WOOD |
US4196526A (en) * | 1978-10-26 | 1980-04-08 | CEAF S.p.A. | Drying plant, particularly for timber |
USRE31633E (en) * | 1979-02-21 | 1984-07-24 | Lumber conditioning kiln | |
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GB2064099A (en) * | 1979-11-29 | 1981-06-10 | Prestcold Ltd | Dehumidifier; Air Conditioner; Drier |
FR2475200A1 (en) * | 1980-02-01 | 1981-08-07 | Madre Marc | Wood drying system using alternate hot dry and refrigerated humid air - using heat pump to control temp. of wood in drying enclosure and humidifying spray to control air moisture content |
FR2491200A1 (en) * | 1980-10-01 | 1982-04-02 | Sendra Gilles | Compact wood drier using heat pump - with its condenser constructed as large rectangular coil in which wood is dried, and has auxiliary electric heating at start up period |
US4356641A (en) * | 1980-12-15 | 1982-11-02 | Armstrong World Industries | Kiln control system |
US4343095A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-08-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Pressure dryer for steam seasoning lumber |
DE3206348A1 (en) * | 1981-11-03 | 1983-05-11 | Josef 2164 Neuruppersdorf Leisser | Drying chamber for wood |
EP0170648A1 (en) * | 1984-07-26 | 1986-02-05 | Josef Leisser | Process for drying delicate products, e.g. wood |
EP0266516A2 (en) * | 1986-11-05 | 1988-05-11 | Hermann Waldner GmbH & Co. | Dryer, in particular for the chemical industry |
DE3701995C1 (en) * | 1987-01-23 | 1987-12-03 | Degussa | Device for the uniform application of a flowable heat material with a fluid flow |
EP0505586A1 (en) * | 1991-03-23 | 1992-09-30 | Reinhard Dipl.-Ing. Brunner | Apparatus for drying wood |
US5361515A (en) * | 1991-05-08 | 1994-11-08 | Nauchno-Prorvodstvennaya Firma Aktsionernoe Obschestov Zaknytogo Tika Teknologia Obarudovanie Materialy (Ao "Tom") | Method of drying a protective polymer coating applied onto a surface of an article from a solution, and device for effecting thereof |
FR2720969A1 (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-15 | Herve Montornes | Treatment of green wood |
EP0730130A1 (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1996-09-04 | Jiro Sato | Process and equipment for drying wood |
WO1997040968A1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-11-06 | Puristepuu Hottinen Oy | Method for the preparation of pressed wood |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8246788B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2012-08-21 | Teal Sales Incorporated | Biomass torrefaction system and method |
US8252966B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2012-08-28 | Teal Sales Incorporated | Biomass torrefaction method |
US9359556B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2016-06-07 | Teal Sales Incorporated | Biomass torrefaction system and method |
CN104890084A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 南京林业大学 | Energy-saving type wood heat treatment kiln and wood heat treatment method thereof |
CN108844296A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-11-20 | 界首市皖俊轴承有限公司 | A kind of drying unit for bearing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2781180A1 (en) | 2000-01-21 |
CA2337357A1 (en) | 2000-01-27 |
FR2781180B1 (en) | 2000-09-29 |
EP1099084A1 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
BR9912160A (en) | 2001-12-11 |
AU4789399A (en) | 2000-02-07 |
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