WO1996013791A1 - Chip-card read/write apparatus - Google Patents
Chip-card read/write apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996013791A1 WO1996013791A1 PCT/EP1995/004221 EP9504221W WO9613791A1 WO 1996013791 A1 WO1996013791 A1 WO 1996013791A1 EP 9504221 W EP9504221 W EP 9504221W WO 9613791 A1 WO9613791 A1 WO 9613791A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chip card
- card read
- write device
- contact unit
- security
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/0013—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by galvanic contacts, e.g. card connectors for ISO-7816 compliant smart cards or memory cards, e.g. SD card readers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a chip card read / write device with a freely accessible first contact unit.
- Devices of the aforementioned type such as the chip card terminals CT220 / CT200 from Siemens AG, are used for the cashless payment of goods and services.
- a monetary value booked on the chip card is thereby reduced by the amount to be paid or increased by a paid amount.
- Another possible application is that a declaration of consent is authenticated by means of a chip card or magnetic card, that a certain amount is debited from an associated account.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a chip card read / write device for rechargeable chip cards and / or the authentication of money transactions, which corresponds to the security requirements, without a permanent connection to a central unit.
- this is done with a chip card read / write device with a freely accessible first contact unit, in which a further contact unit is provided for receiving a security chip card, and in which the further contact unit is attached in such a way that the insertion guiding and removing the security chip card is only possible with difficulty.
- the chip card read / write device fulfills the technical security requirements that are placed on such a device when used in shops and service centers. It is also inexpensive and therefore also for smaller companies such as Florists and kiosks interesting.
- the further contacting unit is mounted inside the housing of the chip card read / write device in such a way that the insertion and removal of the security chip card is only possible by opening the housing using a means provided for this purpose. This enables a simple replacement of the security chip card without restricting the security requirements.
- the exemplary chip card read / write device comprises a first contact unit KE1, which is freely accessible and is designed to receive the chip card KK, a second contact unit KE2 to receive a security chip card SK, which is arranged in the interior of the housing so that the Security chip card SK can only be accessed after opening the housing with a tool provided for this purpose, an internal clock U, a control unit SE, an operating part BT and a display unit AE.
- the power supply via a plug-in power supply and a rechargeable battery Supply of data storage during power outages to avoid loss of data.
- the first and second contacting units KE1, KE2 are manually operated plug-in readers.
- the chip card protocols used comply with the ISO 7816 standard.
- BT control panel User ID (PIN code), monetary amounts and tax information can be entered via the BT control panel.
- Typical control panels contain 10 number keys and 5 function keys.
- the display unit serves to inform the operator. It has a liquid crystal display with a display capacity of 2 lines of 24 characters each.
- the security chip card SK is used to control the authenticity check of the chip card of the customer KK and the user authorization, as well as to store the payment processes and device-specific data. By removing the security chip card SK, if a chip card reader / writer fails, the relevant data of the device can be saved and transferred to another device. Furthermore, the commissioning (parameterization) of a chip card read / write device is made considerably easier and the parameters of the security algorithms can be changed frequently to increase security against manipulation.
- the chip card read / write device is used for electronic payment transactions either in stand-alone mode or in connection with electronic cash register systems or EDP systems such as personal computers, the connection being made via means for electronic data transmission in accordance with the V.24 standard .
- They work as follows: The customer who wants to pay for goods or services with his chip card in a shop or at a service provider puts his chip card KK into the first contact KE1. Depending on the nature of the contact unit, either a galvanic, optical, inductive or capacitive connection is thus established between the chip card and the chip card read / write device.
- the payment process is carried out. This is done either by debiting a corresponding amount from the chip card (an amount of at least the same amount must first be posted to the chip card), or by creating a data record that represents a declaration of consent by the customer by debiting the amount from a specific account .
- a data record documenting the payment process and protected against manipulation with cryptographic methods is stored on the security chip card SK and in the chip card read / write device.
- This data record optionally also contains the date and time of the payment transaction. However, the time is not an essential part of this data record, so it can be dispensed with and therefore also the clock U in the chip card reader / writer.
- the data record can also be stored in the electronic cash register or the personal computer.
- the stored data records must be forwarded to a clearing house at certain time intervals. This is done via a further chip card, which is inserted into the first contact unit KE1 and to which the stored data records are transferred. The further chip card is then brought to the clearing house, for example a bank, and is read there.
Abstract
The invention concerns a chip-card read/write apparatus having a freely accessible first contact unit (KE1) and a second contact unit (KE2) for accommodating a security chip card (SK). The second contact unit (KE2) is installed such that the security chip card (SK) can only be inserted and removed with difficulty. The chip-card read/write apparatus according to the invention satisfies the security demands placed on such apparatus when used in shops and locations where services are provided. It is furthermore economical and therefore also of interest to smaller businesses such as, for example, florists and kiosks.
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerätSmart card reader / writer
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät mit einer frei zugänglichen, ersten Kontaktiereinheit.The invention relates to a chip card read / write device with a freely accessible first contact unit.
Geräte der obgenannten Art wie beispielsweise die Chipkarten¬ terminals CT220/CT200 der Firma Siemens AG werden zur bar- geldlosen Bezahlung von Waren und Dienstleistungen verwendet. Dabei wird ein auf die Chipkarte gebuchter Geldwert um den zu bezahlenden Betrag verringert, bzw. um einen eingezahlten Be¬ trag erhöht. Eine weitere Anwendungsmöglichkeit besteht da¬ rin, daß mittels Chipkarte oder Magnetkarte eine Einverständ- niserklärung beglaubigt wird, daß ein bestimmter Betrag von einem zugehörigen Konto abgebucht wird.Devices of the aforementioned type, such as the chip card terminals CT220 / CT200 from Siemens AG, are used for the cashless payment of goods and services. A monetary value booked on the chip card is thereby reduced by the amount to be paid or increased by a paid amount. Another possible application is that a declaration of consent is authenticated by means of a chip card or magnetic card, that a certain amount is debited from an associated account.
Der Nachteil dieser Systeme liegt darin, daß zur Überprüfung der Benutzungs-berechtigung der Karte eine elektronische Ver- bindung zu einem Sicherheitsrechner notwendig ist. Diese Ver¬ bindung ist aufwendig und kostenintensiv.The disadvantage of these systems is that an electronic connection to a security computer is necessary to check the authorization to use the card. This connection is complex and cost-intensive.
Systeme ohne diese Verbindung werden nur in unkritischen Be¬ reichen wie z.B. in Bertriebskantinen oder mit nicht wieder- aufladbaren Wertkarten (z.B. ~Telefon-wertkarten) verwendet.Systems without this connection are rich only in non-critical Be¬ such as in Bert Rubbed canteens or with non rechargeable prepaid cards (eg ~ phone-value cards) are used.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Chip¬ karten-Schreib/lesegerät für wiederaufladbare Chipkarten und/oder die Beglaubigung von Geldtransaktionen anzugeben, welches den Sicherungsanforderungen entspricht, ohne daß eine dauernde Verbindung zu einer zentralen Einheit besteht.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a chip card read / write device for rechargeable chip cards and / or the authentication of money transactions, which corresponds to the security requirements, without a permanent connection to a central unit.
Erfindungsgemäß geschieht dies mit einem Chipkarten- Schreib/lesegerät mit einer frei zugänglichen, ersten Kontak- tiereinheit, bei dem eine weitere Kontaktiereinheit zur Auf¬ nahme einer Sicherungs-Chipkarte vorgesehen ist, und bei dem die weitere Kontaktiereinheit so angebracht ist, daß das Ein-
führen und Heraus-nehmen der Sicherungs-Chipkarte nur er¬ schwert möglich ist.According to the invention, this is done with a chip card read / write device with a freely accessible first contact unit, in which a further contact unit is provided for receiving a security chip card, and in which the further contact unit is attached in such a way that the insertion guiding and removing the security chip card is only possible with difficulty.
Das erfindungsgemäße Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät erfüllt die sicherheits-technischen Anforderungen, die an ein derartiges Gerät bei Einsatz in Geschäften und Dienstleistungszentren gestellt werden. Es ist darüberhinaus kostengünstig und daher auch für kleinere Betriebe wie z.B. Blumengeschäfte und Kioske interessant.The chip card read / write device according to the invention fulfills the technical security requirements that are placed on such a device when used in shops and service centers. It is also inexpensive and therefore also for smaller companies such as Florists and kiosks interesting.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die weitere Kontaktiereinheit im Inneren des Gehäuses des Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerätes in der Weise angebracht ist, daß das Einführen und Herausnehmen der Sicherungs-Chipkarte nur durch Öffnen des Gehäuses mit einem dafür vorgesehenen Mittel möglich ist. Dadurch wird ein einfacher Austausch der Sicherungs-Chipkarte ohne Ein¬ schränkung der sicherheitstechnischen Anforderungen ermög¬ licht .It is advantageous if the further contacting unit is mounted inside the housing of the chip card read / write device in such a way that the insertion and removal of the security chip card is only possible by opening the housing using a means provided for this purpose. This enables a simple replacement of the security chip card without restricting the security requirements.
Weiter vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden durch die Ansprüche 3 bis 7 beschrieben.Further advantageous refinements of the invention are described by claims 3 to 7.
Die Erfindung wird anhand einer Figur näher beschrieben, welche beispielhaft das Blockschaltbild eines erfindungs- gemäßen Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerätes zeigt.The invention is described in more detail with reference to a figure which shows, by way of example, the block diagram of an inventive chip card read / write device.
Das beispielhafte Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät umfaßt eine erste Kontaktiereinheit KE1, die frei zugänglich angebracht ist und zur Aufnahme der Chipkarte KK ausgebildet ist, eine zweite Kontaktiereinheit KE2 zur Aufnahme einer Sicherungs- Chipkarte SK, welche im Inneren des Gehäuses so angeordnet ist, daß die Sicherungs-Chipkarte SK nur nach Öffnen des Ge¬ häuses mit einem dafür vorgesehenen Werkzeug zugänglich ist, einer internen Uhr U, einer Steuereinheit SE, einem Bedien- teil BT und einer Anzeigeeinheit AE.The exemplary chip card read / write device comprises a first contact unit KE1, which is freely accessible and is designed to receive the chip card KK, a second contact unit KE2 to receive a security chip card SK, which is arranged in the interior of the housing so that the Security chip card SK can only be accessed after opening the housing with a tool provided for this purpose, an internal clock U, a control unit SE, an operating part BT and a display unit AE.
In der Fig. nicht dargestellt ist die Stromversorgung über ein Steckernetzteil und eine wiederaufladbare Batterie zur
Versorgung der Datenspeicher während Strom-ausfällen, um so den Verlust von Daten zu vermeiden.Not shown in the figure is the power supply via a plug-in power supply and a rechargeable battery Supply of data storage during power outages to avoid loss of data.
Bei der ersten und zweiten Kontaktiereinheit KE1, KE2 handelt es sich um manuell zu bedienende Steckleser. Die verwendeten Chipkartenprotokolle entsprechen der Norm ISO 7816.The first and second contacting units KE1, KE2 are manually operated plug-in readers. The chip card protocols used comply with the ISO 7816 standard.
Über das Bedienteil BT können Benutzerkennung (PIN-Code), Geldbeträge und Steuerinformation eingegeben werden. Typische Bedienteile enthalten 10 Zifferntasten und 5 Funktionstasten.User ID (PIN code), monetary amounts and tax information can be entered via the BT control panel. Typical control panels contain 10 number keys and 5 function keys.
Die Anzeigeeinheit dient der Information des Bedieners. Sie weist ein Flüssigkristall-display mit einer Anzeigekapazität von 2 Zeilen zu je 24 Zeichen auf.The display unit serves to inform the operator. It has a liquid crystal display with a display capacity of 2 lines of 24 characters each.
Die Sicherungs-Chipkarte SK dient der Steuerung der Echt¬ heitsprüfung der Chipkarte des Kunden KK und der Benutzungs¬ berechtigung, sowie der Speicherung der Bezahlungsvorgänge und von vorrichtungsspezifischen Daten. Durch Herausnahme der Sicherungs-Chipkarte SK können bei Ausfall eines Chipkarten- Schreib/lese-gerätes die relevanten Daten des Gerätes ge¬ rettet und auf ein anderes Gerät übertragen werden. Weiterhin wird die Inbetriebnahme (Parametrisierung) eines Chipkarten- Schreib/lesegerätes wesentlich erleichtert und ein häufiger Wechsel der Parameter der Sicherungsalgorithmen zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit gegen Manipulation ermöglicht.The security chip card SK is used to control the authenticity check of the chip card of the customer KK and the user authorization, as well as to store the payment processes and device-specific data. By removing the security chip card SK, if a chip card reader / writer fails, the relevant data of the device can be saved and transferred to another device. Furthermore, the commissioning (parameterization) of a chip card read / write device is made considerably easier and the parameters of the security algorithms can be changed frequently to increase security against manipulation.
Das erfindungsgemäße Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät wird für den elektronischen Zahlungsverkehr entweder im stand-alone Modus oder in Verbindung mit elektronischen Kassensystemen oder EDV-Anlagen wie beispielsweise Personalcomputern ver¬ wendet, wobei die Verbindung über Mittel zur elektronischen Datenübertragung entsprechend der V.24 Norm erfolgt. Ihre Funktionsweise ist wie folgt: Der Kunde, der mit seiner Chipkarte in einem Geschäft oder bei einem Dienstleister Waren oder Dienstleistungen bezahlen will, steckt seine Chipkarte KK in die erste Kontaktierein-
heit KE1. Damit wird je nach Beschaffenheit der Kontaktier¬ einheit entweder eine galvanische, optische, induktive oder kapazitive Verbindung zwischen der Chipkarte und des Chip¬ karten-Schreib/lesegerätes hergestellt. Mit Hilfe kryptographischer Algorithmen entsprechend dem CEN- Normenvorschlag "Inter Sector Electronic Purse", welche auf der Sicherungs-Chipkarte SK in der zweiten Kontaktiereinheit KE2 gespeichert sind, wird die Echtheit der Chipkarte und so dies gewünscht wird, auch die Benutzungsberechtigung des Kun- den (PIN-Code) geprüft.The chip card read / write device according to the invention is used for electronic payment transactions either in stand-alone mode or in connection with electronic cash register systems or EDP systems such as personal computers, the connection being made via means for electronic data transmission in accordance with the V.24 standard . They work as follows: The customer who wants to pay for goods or services with his chip card in a shop or at a service provider puts his chip card KK into the first contact KE1. Depending on the nature of the contact unit, either a galvanic, optical, inductive or capacitive connection is thus established between the chip card and the chip card read / write device. With the help of cryptographic algorithms according to the CEN standard proposal "Inter Sector Electronic Purse", which are stored on the security chip card SK in the second contacting unit KE2, the authenticity of the chip card and, if so desired, the customer's authorization to use ( PIN code) checked.
Erfolgt diese Prüfung zufriedenstellend, wird der Bezahlungs¬ vorgang durchgeführt. Dies geschieht entweder durch Abbuchung eines entsprechenden Betrages von der Chipkarte ( dazu muß ein zumindest gleich hoher Betrag zuerst auf die Chipkarte gebucht werden), oder durch Erstellung eines Datensatzes, der eine Einverständnis-erklärung des Kunden mit einer Abbuchung des Betrages von einem bestimmten Konto darstellt. In beiden Fällen wird ein den Bezahlungsvorgang dokumentie¬ render, mit kryptographischen Methoden gegen Manipulation geschützter Datensatz auf der Sicherungs-Chipkarte SK und in dem Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät gespeichert. Dieser Daten¬ satz enthält fakultativ auch Datum und Uhrzeit des Bezah¬ lungsvorganges. Die Uhrzeit stellt allerdings einen nicht unbedingt notwendigen Bestandteil dieses Datensatzes dar, es kann daher darauf und damit auch auf die Uhr U im Chipkarten- Schreib/lesegerät verzichtet werden. Wenn dieselbe in Verbin¬ dung mit elektronischen Kassensystemen oder EDV-Anlagen wie beispielsweise Personalcomputern verwendet wird, kann der Datensatz auch in der elektronischen Kassa oder dem Personal- Computer gespeichert werden.
In bestimmten Zeitabständen müssen die gespeicherten Daten¬ sätze an eine Verrechnungsstelle weitergeleitet werden. Dies geschieht über eine weitere Chipkarte, die in die erste Kon¬ taktiereinheit KE1 eingebracht wird, und auf welche die ge¬ speicherten Datensätze übertragen werden. Die weitere Chip¬ karte wird dann zu der Verrechnungsstelle z.B. eine Bank ge¬ bracht und dort ausgelesen.
If this check is carried out satisfactorily, the payment process is carried out. This is done either by debiting a corresponding amount from the chip card (an amount of at least the same amount must first be posted to the chip card), or by creating a data record that represents a declaration of consent by the customer by debiting the amount from a specific account . In both cases, a data record documenting the payment process and protected against manipulation with cryptographic methods is stored on the security chip card SK and in the chip card read / write device. This data record optionally also contains the date and time of the payment transaction. However, the time is not an essential part of this data record, so it can be dispensed with and therefore also the clock U in the chip card reader / writer. If the same is used in connection with electronic cash register systems or EDP systems such as personal computers, the data record can also be stored in the electronic cash register or the personal computer. The stored data records must be forwarded to a clearing house at certain time intervals. This is done via a further chip card, which is inserted into the first contact unit KE1 and to which the stored data records are transferred. The further chip card is then brought to the clearing house, for example a bank, and is read there.
Claims
1. Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät mit einer frei zugänglichen, ersten Kontaktiereinheit, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t , daß eine weitere Kontaktiereinheit (KE2) zur Aufnahme einer Sicherungs-Chipkarte (SK) vorgesehen ist, und daß die weitere Kontaktiereinheit (KE2) so angebracht ist, daß das Einführen und Herausnehmen der Sicherungs- Chipkarte (SK) nur erschwert möglich ist.1. Chip card read / write device with a freely accessible first contact unit, characterized in that a further contact unit (KE2) is provided for receiving a security chip card (SK) and that the further contact unit (KE2) is attached in such a way that that it is difficult to insert and remove the security chip card (SK).
2. Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät nach Anspruch 1, d a ¬ d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die weitere Kontaktiereinheit (KE2) im Inneren des Gehäuses des Chipkar¬ ten-Schreib/lesegerätes in der Weise angebracht ist, daß das Einführen und Herausnehmen der Sicherungs-Chipkarte (SK) nur durch Öffnen des Gehäuses mit einem dafür vorgesehenen Mittel möglich ist.2. Chip card read / write device according to claim 1, since ¬ characterized in that the further contact unit (KE2) is mounted inside the housing of the chip card read / write device in such a way that the insertion and removal of the security chip card ( SK) is only possible by opening the housing with a suitable means.
3. Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Gerät eine Uhr (U) enthält.3. Chip card read / write device according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the device contains a clock (U).
4. Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Gerät eine Steuervorrichtung für Zutrittsysteme umfaßt.4. Chip card read / write device according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n z e i c h n e t that the device comprises a control device for access systems.
5. Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Gerät Mittel zur elektronischen Datenübertragung umfaßt.5. Chip card read / write device according to one of claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the device comprises means for electronic data transmission.
6. Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Gerät Mittel zur unterbrechungεfreien Stromversorgung umfaßt. 6. Chip card read / write device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the device comprises means for interruption-free power supply.
7. Chipkarten-Schreib/lesegerät nach einem der ^Sprüche 1 bis 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Gerät zumindest ein Bedienteil (BT) umfaßt. 7. Chip card read / write device according to one of ^ Proverbs 1 to 6, so that the device comprises at least one control panel (BT).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT200994 | 1994-10-27 | ||
| ATA2009/94 | 1994-10-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996013791A1 true WO1996013791A1 (en) | 1996-05-09 |
Family
ID=3525875
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1995/004221 WO1996013791A1 (en) | 1994-10-27 | 1995-10-27 | Chip-card read/write apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO1996013791A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0807907A1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1997-11-19 | Thomas De La Rue Limited | System for securely accessing data from smart cards |
| WO1998049658A1 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-11-05 | Visa International Service Association | Internet payment and loading system using smart card |
| AT405337B (en) * | 1995-11-08 | 1999-07-26 | Siemens Ag Oesterreich | DEVICE FOR CHECKING SECURITY-RELEVANT DATA OF A CHIP CARD |
| US6105008A (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 2000-08-15 | Visa International Service Association | Internet loading system using smart card |
| US7908216B1 (en) | 1999-07-22 | 2011-03-15 | Visa International Service Association | Internet payment, authentication and loading system using virtual smart card |
| US9020853B2 (en) | 1999-07-30 | 2015-04-28 | Visa International Service Association | Smart card loading transactions using wireless telecommunications network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0296414A2 (en) * | 1987-06-12 | 1988-12-28 | Oki Electric Industry Company, Limited | IC Card |
| EP0329557A1 (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-08-23 | STMicroelectronics S.A. | Portable device for recording, interrogating and reading an IC and/or a magnetic recording card |
-
1995
- 1995-10-27 WO PCT/EP1995/004221 patent/WO1996013791A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0296414A2 (en) * | 1987-06-12 | 1988-12-28 | Oki Electric Industry Company, Limited | IC Card |
| EP0329557A1 (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-08-23 | STMicroelectronics S.A. | Portable device for recording, interrogating and reading an IC and/or a magnetic recording card |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT405337B (en) * | 1995-11-08 | 1999-07-26 | Siemens Ag Oesterreich | DEVICE FOR CHECKING SECURITY-RELEVANT DATA OF A CHIP CARD |
| EP0807907A1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1997-11-19 | Thomas De La Rue Limited | System for securely accessing data from smart cards |
| WO1998049658A1 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-11-05 | Visa International Service Association | Internet payment and loading system using smart card |
| US6282522B1 (en) | 1997-04-30 | 2001-08-28 | Visa International Service Association | Internet payment system using smart card |
| US6105008A (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 2000-08-15 | Visa International Service Association | Internet loading system using smart card |
| US7908216B1 (en) | 1999-07-22 | 2011-03-15 | Visa International Service Association | Internet payment, authentication and loading system using virtual smart card |
| US8533116B2 (en) | 1999-07-22 | 2013-09-10 | Visa International Service Association | Internet payment, authentication and loading system using virtual smart card |
| US9020853B2 (en) | 1999-07-30 | 2015-04-28 | Visa International Service Association | Smart card loading transactions using wireless telecommunications network |
| US10339522B2 (en) | 1999-07-30 | 2019-07-02 | Visa International Service Association | Smart card purchasing transactions using wireless telecommunications network |
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