WO1992021287A1 - Appareil de mesure de profondeur pour catheter - Google Patents

Appareil de mesure de profondeur pour catheter Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992021287A1
WO1992021287A1 PCT/US1992/004657 US9204657W WO9221287A1 WO 1992021287 A1 WO1992021287 A1 WO 1992021287A1 US 9204657 W US9204657 W US 9204657W WO 9221287 A1 WO9221287 A1 WO 9221287A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
catheter
tip
cylindrical member
meter
lumen
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1992/004657
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Brett Trauthen
Original Assignee
Baxter International Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baxter International Inc. filed Critical Baxter International Inc.
Publication of WO1992021287A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992021287A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/1076—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof for measuring dimensions inside body cavities, e.g. using catheters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B3/22—Feeler-pin gauges, e.g. dial gauges
    • G01B3/28—Depth gauges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to the field of catheters for use in exploratory procedures, diagnosis and treatment of biologic conditions, and more particularly, to a catheter meter for determining spacial quantities such as linear distance in a vessel or other comparable environment.
  • angioplasty which has become widely accepted as a safe and effective method for treating various types of vascular diseases.
  • angioplasty has been used for opening stenoses throughout the vascular system, and particularly for opening stenoses in coronary arteries.
  • percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty This procedure uses a dilation catheter having an inflatable balloon at its distal end.
  • the distal end of the dilation catheter is guided into position across the stenosis and the balloon is inflated for a brief period to reopen the artery and reestablish adequate blood flow.
  • a number of balloon catheter designs have been developed and have contributed to the safety and acceptability of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and similar medical procedures.
  • the most common design is known as an "over-the-wire" balloon catheter.
  • This prior art device typically uses a relatively large lumen for passing a guide wire and injecting angiographic visualization dye to assist in placing the device.
  • a second parallel lumen is provided for inflation and deflation of the balloon.
  • a steerable guide wire is positioned within the larger lumen and the entire assembly is maneuvered into an initial position within the target artery through a previously positioned large diameter guide catheter. Once near the sight of the stenosis, the guide wire can be rotated and axially extended or retracted into position across the lesion. The catheter is then advanced along the guide wire to position its balloon end across the lesion prior to inflation of the balloon and dilation of the stenosis.
  • the vascular stenosis is located and the dilation balloon positioned by fluoroscopy.
  • the radiopaque dyes are injected into the vessel after the catheter has been introduced into the vessel.
  • the stenosis is then located and the end of the catheter is determined relative to the stenosis.
  • the inflatable balloon can then be moved across the stenosis and inflated to open the stenosis. While fluoroscopy is a well accepted procedure and can be properly carried out by an experienced physician, it nonetheless requires injection of the radiopaque dyes and use of x-rays to be able to view the remote area of interest.
  • dilating the stenotic lesion requires a substantial effort, which is not always entirely successful.
  • successful treatment requires a properly sized inflation balloon to be placed across the stenosis and inflated to remove the stenosis. Determining the proper balloon size is often difficult and not always correct on the first try, requiring a second procedure with a different sized balloon.
  • sufficient radiopaque dye In one procedure for estimating the size of the stenotic lesion, sufficient radiopaque dye must be kept in the vessel to permit viewing by fluoroscope. In order to obtain sufficient information about the stenotic lesion to estimate its size, the patient must be turned through various positions to obtain a series of different views of the vessel. If the patient remains sufficiently immobile, sufficient views of the vessel taken, even though the vessel such as a cardiac artery may be moving, and the radiopaque dye is maintained in the vessel, it is nonetheless difficult to accurately estimate the size and form of the stenotic lesion.
  • the inflatable balloon chosen to open the stenotic lesion is too small, the stenosis will not be sufficiently opened, and a larger balloon must be used after the first procedure. If the inflatable balloon is too large, the vessel may reflexively reconstrict, limiting adequate blood flow through the vessel. Repeated processes result in trauma to the patient and possible harm to the vessel receiving the catheter, thereby increasing the risk of complications. Therefore, it is not only difficult to accurately measure linear distances using catheters but it is also difficult to adequately measure other quantifiable parameters such as size and shape. This inability to adequately measure and quantify unknown quantities and the possibility of repeated procedures may ultimately lead to complications during certain medical procedures.
  • a catheter combination which allows measurement of such spacial parameters as linear distance and size of an object of interest in a vessel or body cavity from the proximal end of the catheter, thereby minimizing the number of procedures required to quantify, diagnose and treat the condition under consideration.
  • the catheter combination includes a catheter having a lumen extending distally to a catheter tip.
  • the catheter combination further includes a wall in the catheter defining a passageway communicating with the lumen for passing a suitably shaped and sized member such as a tube, fiber bundle or cable, such as for an endoscope, through the passageway and the lumen so that the tip of the member can extend distally from the catheter tip.
  • the catheter combination further includes means at the proximal portion of the catheter for measuring the distance from the proximal portion of the catheter to the tip of the member when the tip has been passed through the catheter passageway and the lumen and beyond the catheter tip.
  • This catheter combination allows the physician to measure the linear distance from the proximal end of the catheter to the tip of the member, such as a tube, bundle or cable, extending through the lumen and beyond the end of the catheter. The physician can then measure the linear distance to an object of interest and other spacial parameters relating to the object.
  • Qualitative information about the object obtained through the present invention can then be used to diagnose and treat conditions, for example vascular stenoses and the like.
  • the measuring means of the catheter combination includes a transparent gauge means in a handle having a scale so that pre-applied visible markings on a cylindrical member, such as an angioscope or other endoscope bundle passed through the passageway, can be viewed through the transparent gauge means and compared with the scale to determine the length of the bundle extending between the graduations and the tip of the angioscope bundle.
  • the gauge means can be used to measure the distance the bundle extends beyond the catheter tip or the distance from the tip of the bundle to the object of interest.
  • the tip of the bundle can be advanced to the object of interest and then retracted a desired distance, such as the distance necessary to place the object in focus.
  • the distance between the bundle tip and the object of interest is then quantifiable through the gauge means.
  • the distance from the tip of the bundle to the object, along with other quantitative information available to the physician can then be used to determine the size of the object.
  • an occlusion catheter having an occlusion cuff at the tip is used with radiopaque markers on the tip of the catheter and on the tip of the angioscope bundle to provide additional information during any fluoroscopy which may be done.
  • the catheter combination is introduced into the vessel or body cavity of interest and positioned as desired.
  • a suitable guide wire may be used to properly introduce and position the catheter combination.
  • the occlusion cuff may be inflated to block the flow of fluid around the object of interest, and any residual fluid may be flushed, with a saline solution for example, to permit adequate viewing of the object.
  • the distance from the end of the scale to the tip of the catheter is already known since the catheter handle and the catheter tube are of a known length.
  • the distance which the angioscope tip extends beyond the end of the catheter is quantified by viewing markings on the angioscope bundle relative to the scale on the transparent gauge in the handle of the catheter, perhaps also while viewing the object through the angioscope and monitor.
  • the tip of the angioscope may be advanced into contact with the stenotic lesion. If the stenosis is small enough to still allow passage of the angioscope through it, the angioscope may be passed across the stenotic legion.
  • an estimate of the length of the stenosis can be made by noting the locations of the bundle marking relative to the transparent gauge when the angioscope tip is at the distal and proximal portions of the stenosis.
  • the size of the stenosis can be approximated by noting on the transparent gauge means the location of the proximal end of the stenosis, and then further withdrawing the angioscope until the stenosis is in full focus and noting on the transparent gauge means the location of the angioscope tip.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cut-away plan view of a catheter combination in accordance with one form of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top longitudinal sectional view of a transparent gauge means in the catheter combination of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the transparent gauge means in the handle of the catheter combination of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the transparent gauge means taken along line 44 of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary and partial cut-away top plan view of the catheter combination of FIG. 1 showing an endoscope in a vessel.
  • the improved catheter assembly 20 (FIG. 1) allows a physician to determine quantitative spacial parameters regarding an object of interest in a vessel or body cavity, thereby allowing the physician to more effectively analyze, diagnose and treat conditions.
  • the catheter combination minimizes the number and extent of procedures necessary to quantify information about an object of interest and minimizes the possibility of repeated procedures to effect any necessary diagnosis and treatment.
  • the catheter combination 20 of the present invention includes a transparent gauge 22 at a proximal end 24 of the catheter for measuring the distance from the proximal end of the catheter to the tip 26 of a cylindrical member such as an angioscope 28.
  • the transparent gauge 22 may also serve as a handle for the catheter coupled between a Y-connector 30 and a rotating adaptor 32, elements that are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • a flexible catheter tube 34 is mounted to the rotating adaptor through a catheter hub 36 and a barrel 38.
  • the catheter tube 34 is hollow and defines a first or primary lumen extending distally of the proximal end to a catheter tip 40.
  • the lumen is confluent with a passageway 42 in the proximal end of the catheter beginning at a Y-connector cap 44 and extending through the Y-connector 30, the transparent gauge 22, the rotating adapter 32, catheter hub 36 and the barrel 38.
  • the passageway accepts a cylindrical member such as the fiber optic bundle 46 of the angioscope 28 to be fed into the primary lumen of the catheter tube 34.
  • the passageway 42 is defined by the internal walls of those components at the proximal end of the catheter.
  • the fiber optic bundle is threaded through a preferably coaxial channel through the transparent gauge 22, and then passed through a preferably coaxial passageway through the rotating adapter 32 and the catheter hub 36 into the barrel 38.
  • the fiber optic bundle is then fed through the primary lumen of the flexible catheter tube 34 until the tip 26 of the fiber optic bundle emerges from the catheter tip 40.
  • the catheter tube 34 is sized sufficiently larger than the outside diameter of the fiber optic bundle to allow passage of fluid through the primary lumen from the irrigation duct 50.
  • the catheter tube 34 includes a secondary, balloon inflation lumen connected through a Y-junction 52 to a cuff inflation connector 54 having a gate valve 56.
  • the cuff inflation connector is used to inflate an occlusion cuff 58.
  • the proximal end of the fiber optic bundle 46 includes an optic junction 60 which connects a light bundle to a series of cylindrically arranged optic fibers for supplying light from a light connector 64 to the cylindrically arranged optic fibers. These optic fibers extend the length of the fiber optic bundle to the tip 26 and have ends exposed at the tip for transmitting the light beyond the tip of the fiber optic bundle.
  • the optic fibers 66 surround the primary optic bundle 68 (shown schematically in FIG. 5) for transmitting light received by the lens 70 back through the fiber optic bundle to an image connector 72.
  • the light connector 64 may be coupled to a suitable light cable and light source (not shown), while the image connector may be coupled to an appropriate focusing coupler, remote head, camera processor, video tape recorder and monitor, as necessary.
  • the fiber optic bundle 46 further includes discrete markings 74 formed in or placed on the outer surface of the fiber optic bundle to be viewed through the transparent gauge 22 as appropriate portions of the bundle pass through the gauge 22.
  • the markings 74 are placed at locations on the bundle at known and predetermined distances from the tip 16 of the fiber optic bundle.
  • one discrete and identifiable marking on the fiber optic bundle will coincide with the zero mark 76 on the transparent gauge (FIG. 3) when the tip 26 of the fiber optic bundle is a short, predetermined distance beyond the catheter tip 40.
  • the distance which the fiber optic bundle tip extends beyond the catheter tip 40 is sufficient to allow a flexible guide wire 78 external to the catheter to be threaded to an orifice 80 in the tip 26 (FIG. 5).
  • One such mark is shown at 82 (FIG. 1).
  • the catheter tip preferably includes a radiopaque marker 84, and the tip 26 of the fiber optic bundle preferably includes a similar radiopaque marker 86 formed from a suitable metal, as known to those skilled in the art, so that the relative locations of the catheter tip and the angioscope tip can be viewed using a fluoroscope.
  • the transparent gauge 22 is made from a suitable clear plastic material such as polycarbonate and includes a first bore 88 defining the smallest diameter of the passageway through the transparent gauge 22.
  • a mating counterbore 90 is formed at the distal end of the transparent gauge to accept the male fitting of the rotating adaptor 32 (FIG. 1) to form a friction fit, fluid-tight connection.
  • _ n intermediate counterbore 92 extends proximally of the first bore 88 along a substantial portion of the length of the transparent gauge 22.
  • a second mating counterbore 94 connects the intermediate counterbore 92 through a countersink 96 to a frustoconical section 98 for mating with the distal end of the Y-connector 30.
  • the Y-connector 30 fits into the second mating counterbore 94 to form a fluid-tight seal between the Y-connector and the transparent gauge.
  • the top portion of the transparent gauge includes a graduated scale 100 (FIG. 3) formed in a gauge window 102 (FIG. 4).
  • the scale includes graduations of a dimension and accuracy appropriate for the particular application for which the catheter combination is to be used.
  • the individual lines 104 between each integer are preferably 0.010 - 0.015 inches wide and 2 millimeters apart.
  • the integer scale lines 106 are preferably 0.015 - 0.020 inches wide, and 10 millimeters apart.
  • the scale shown in FIG. 3, therefore, ranges from 0 to 56 millimeters.
  • the scale can also be shorter, for example running to 54 millimeters or longer, depending upon the application.
  • the guide wire 78 is inserted into the target cavity or blood vessel, such as a brachial artery or ilial artery as is known to those skilled in the art.
  • the guide wire 78 is introduced upward into a desired vessel of the cardiac artery until it reaches the desired location.
  • the proximal end of the guide wire external to the patients body is then threaded through the orifice 80 of the angioscope tip 26 of the pre-assembled catheter combination, where the tip 26 is extending slightly beyond the catheter tip 40.
  • the catheter tip 40 extends distally and the angioscope also extends distally known lengths from the zero point 76 on the transparent gauge 22, and the mark 82 on the fiber optic bundle preferably aligns with the zero mark 76 on the transparent gauge.
  • the tip 26 of the angioscope extends a known distance into the patient? s vessel.
  • the angioscope 28 (FIG. 5) is fed forward through the lumen of the catheter until the angioscope tip 26 reaches a stenotic lesion, such as that at 110, in the vessel 112.
  • the physician will know that the lesion has been reached by one of several different ways.
  • the physician may scan the vessel using a fluoroscope and radiopaque dyes to locate the stenotic lesion and to locate the angioscope tip 26 and catheter tip 40 relative to the lesion.
  • the physician may observe the image from the angioscope while advancing the angioscope.
  • the angioscope can be advanced until the tip 26 is adjacent the stenosis 110.
  • the physician then reads the transparent gauge to note the location of the mark 82 relative to the scale on the transparent gauge.
  • the angioscope can be advanced until the tip of the scope physically reaches the stenosis and can advance no further. The location of the mark 82 is then noted on the transparent gauge.
  • the distance from the proximal end of the catheter to the lesion is then the sum of the previously known distance from the mark 82 to the angioscope tip 26 and the distance the mark 82 has moved along the graduated scale after the angioscope tip 26 has been moved to the stenotic lesion.
  • the result is a measure of the distance from the stenotic lesion, the object of interest, to the proximal end of the catheter.
  • a reference plane is provided which is coincident with the proximal end of the catheter at the zero mark 76 from which a plurality of measurements can be made. Measurements can be taken of the locations of various stenotic lesions, all using the same reference point. Other information can also be gathered, such as the length of each lesion and other quantitative information about the shape of the stenotic lesion. The ability to make these measurements allows a physician to reliably and accurately determine the position and characteristics of the object of interest, thereby minimizing repetitious and possibly undesirable procedures. The physician need no longer rely exclusively on qualitative, magnified information such as is developed through fluoroscopy.
  • the reference point provided by the end of the catheter combination provides a reliable reference point for subsequent treatment using currently established procedures.
  • the catheter tube is preferably a 4.5F catheter, and accepts a 0.6 millimeter outside diameter fiber optic bundle through the primary lumen of the catheter.
  • the lumen for inflation of the occlusion cuff is of a suitable size to properly inflate the cuff.
  • the inside diameter of the primary lumen is sufficient to allow irrigation and injection of fluids, for example saline, radiopaque dyes or medication, within the primary lumen and around the fiber optic bundle.
  • the radiopaque marker 86 on the angioscope tip is preferably a gold marker extending completely around the outer polyvinyl chloride tubing of the optic fiber bundle.
  • the tip 26 is preferably a formed polyvinyl chloride tip fixed to the outside end of the optic fiber bundle tubing through an acrylic ester, ultraviolet-cured adhesive.
  • the outer polyvinyl chloride tubing for the bundle encloses the cylindrically arranged polymethyl methacrylate light fibers 66 used for transmitting light from an OPTX 300 light source, capable of converting 300 watts of electrical power into more than 100,000 LUX (lumens per square meter).
  • the light fibers 66 are set in epoxy potting adhesive around the lens and image fiber bundle.
  • the lens 70 is preferably a glass gradient index lens sealed to the distal end of the silica image fiber bundle 68 by an acrylic ester ultraviolet-cured adhesive.
  • the lens is preferably designed to have a magnification of 1/10 at 5 millimeters.
  • the monitor coupled through various electronics to the image connector 72 is typically a viewing momtor such as those presently used in angiography.
  • the magnification for images transmitted through an angioscope for a 13 inch screen is typically 240.
  • the physician can obtain additional data regarding the shape of the object of interest.
  • the size of a vascular stenosis can be determined by measuring the transverse dimensions on the viewing monitor.
  • the tip of the angioscope, at which the lens is located is advanced to the point of the vascular stenosis.
  • the angioscope is then pulled back 5 millimeters, or until the stenosis comes into focus. Knowing the magnification at 5 millimeters, or knowing the magnification of the lens at the final distance the angioscope was withdrawn to bring the stenosis into focus, and knowing the magnification of the viewing monitor, the size of the stenosis can be measured on the monitor.
  • the size of the stenosis on the monitor is divided by 240, the magnification of the monitor, and divided by the magnification of the lens to arrive at the actual dimensions of the stenotic lesion.
  • the physician can determine whether or not angioplasty or some other treatment is necessary, and if so, the size of the inflatable balloon or other instrument necessary to adequately treat the stenotic lesion.
  • the number of diagnostic and treatment procedures necessary are minimized once the linear distance of an object in a vessel or other body cavity can be measured.
  • the catheter combination as disclosed provides an apparatus allowing measurement of spacial parameters such as linear distance and size of an object in a vessel or body cavity from the proximal end of the apparatus.

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Abstract

Appareil de mesure pour cathéter (20) utilisé pour déterminer des paramètres d'espace tels qu'une distance linéaire dans un vaisseau ou une autre cavité du corps. L'appareil de mesure pour cathéter (20) comprend un cathéter doté d'une extrémité proximale (24) et d'une extrémité distale, ainsi qu'un manche (22) destiné à maintenir le cathéter. Le cathéter comprend également un élément tubulaire creux (34) définissant une lumière s'étendant de manière distale par rapport au manche (22), jusqu'à une extrémité (40) du cathéter. Une paroi située dans le cathéter définit un passage (42) communiquant avec la lumière afin de passer un élément cylindrique (46) tel qu'un tube ou un câble ayant une longueur donnée et une extrémité (26), à travers le passage (42) et la lumière de manière que l'extrémité (26) de l'élément cylindrique (46) peut s'étendre de manière distale par rapport à l'extrémité du cathéter (40). Un appareil de mesure (22) situé au niveau de l'extrémité proximale du cathéter permet de mesurer la distance entre l'extrémité proximale (24) du cathéter et l'extrémité (26) de l'élément cylindrique (46), lorsque l'extrémité (26) est passée dans le passage (42) du cathéter ainsi que dans la lumière, et au-delà de l'extrémité (40) du cathéter.
PCT/US1992/004657 1991-06-07 1992-06-04 Appareil de mesure de profondeur pour catheter WO1992021287A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US71223891A 1991-06-07 1991-06-07
US712,238 1991-06-07

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WO1992021287A1 true WO1992021287A1 (fr) 1992-12-10

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL9400841A (nl) * 1994-05-24 1996-01-02 Industrial Res Bv Cathetersamenstel.
EP2320990B1 (fr) 2008-08-29 2016-03-30 Corindus Inc. Système de commande de cathéter et interface utilisateur graphique

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4033043A (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-07-05 Cunningham Frank W Gauge for measuring length of an opening
FR2379273A1 (fr) * 1977-02-07 1978-09-01 Searle & Co Instrument de sondage uterin
EP0050606A1 (fr) * 1980-10-22 1982-04-28 Bengt Gustavsson Conteneur distributeur pour cathéter veineux
US4726121A (en) * 1987-03-09 1988-02-23 Cedar Development Corp. Surgical caliper
GB2201783A (en) * 1987-03-05 1988-09-07 Wolf Gmbh Richard Technoscope for determining the extent of damage to an object
EP0352872A2 (fr) * 1984-05-30 1990-01-31 Devices For Vascular Intervention Inc. Dispositif pour athérectomie

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4033043A (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-07-05 Cunningham Frank W Gauge for measuring length of an opening
FR2379273A1 (fr) * 1977-02-07 1978-09-01 Searle & Co Instrument de sondage uterin
EP0050606A1 (fr) * 1980-10-22 1982-04-28 Bengt Gustavsson Conteneur distributeur pour cathéter veineux
EP0352872A2 (fr) * 1984-05-30 1990-01-31 Devices For Vascular Intervention Inc. Dispositif pour athérectomie
GB2201783A (en) * 1987-03-05 1988-09-07 Wolf Gmbh Richard Technoscope for determining the extent of damage to an object
US4726121A (en) * 1987-03-09 1988-02-23 Cedar Development Corp. Surgical caliper

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL9400841A (nl) * 1994-05-24 1996-01-02 Industrial Res Bv Cathetersamenstel.
EP2320990B1 (fr) 2008-08-29 2016-03-30 Corindus Inc. Système de commande de cathéter et interface utilisateur graphique
US9814534B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2017-11-14 Corindus, Inc. Catheter control system and graphical user interface
US10779895B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2020-09-22 Corindus, Inc. Catheter control system and graphical user interface
EP2320990B2 (fr) † 2008-08-29 2023-05-31 Corindus, Inc. Système de commande de cathéter et interface utilisateur graphique
US11819295B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2023-11-21 Corindus, Inc. Catheter control system and graphical user interface

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