USRE2112E - Improvement in the construction of safes - Google Patents

Description

.JIIIII IIIIII Mader i ings make a part of this specification.

'-,UN1T`ED STATES LEWIS LILLIE, OF

PATENT OFFICE.

TROY,A NEW YORK.

iMPaovEMENT IN THEYooNsTRUcTIoN oF sAFEs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 8,223, dated July 15, 1851 extended seven years; Reissue No. 2.1 l 2., dated November 21, 1865.

T 0 all when@ it ma concern; LEWIS LI'LLlE, of the' Be it known that city of Troy,-county of Rensselaer, and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Burglar and Fire Proof Safes, Vaults for'Banks, Stores, &c., Bank and Vault or other Doors, upon which Letters Patent of the United States of America were granted and delivered to me bearing date the lthday of July, All). 1851, and which Letters Patent clear, full, and exact description of the nature, i

construction, and mode of constructing the same, reference being hereby had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters ofv reference marked thereon, which said drawllike letters represent and refer to like o corresponding parts.

Figure 1 is a perspective View of a safe completed and ready for practical use. Fig. 1s a vertical section ot myl said improved vburglar and lire proof safe on a vertical line near the hinges ot' the door thereof, and shows `perforationsto receive t-he molten castiron, in

and around which is constructed the cast-iron,

chilled or hardened, and firmly secured thereto,iu the manner substantially as herein de-V y scribed and set forth. Fig. 4 shows wroughtiron bars interlacing or'interwoven, and per- Y foratcdso as to receive thesaid cast-iron, in

the manner and for the purposesv substantially' as hereinafter described and set forth. Fig. 5

ishows wrought-iron bars crossing each other, and not interwoven or interlaced, but perfovrated so as'to receive and retain the aforementioned cast-iron, in the manner and for thepurposes substantially as hereinafterdav scribed and set forth,

The nature of my aforesaid invention and improvements con sists in the construction of a.

burglar and re proof safe, vault for banks, stores, &c., and for bank-door, vault, safe, or other door, of wrought and cast iron, which cast.iron shall bechilled or hardened, land the wrought and cast 'iron combined, in the manner and for the purposes substantially as hercinafter described and set forth. The wroughtiron, arranged andv combined in the manner substantially as herein described and set forth, will prg, :ent the said safe, vault, or doors from bein g broken into parts or pieces by burglals, l while at the same timethe said cast-iron,

chilled or hardened at and by the casting thereof upon or around the said wrought-iron, in thevv manner substantially as herein described an'd set forth, will prevent any cntrance into such safe, vault, or through such doors, by a-nyjburglarin the accomplishment of his designs or intentions at theft, robbery, &c. lt is therefore manifest that by this arrangement and combination of wrought and cast iron, chilled or hardened, as herein described and set forth, I make a safe, vault, chest, box, bank-door, safe, vault, or other door which cannot be broken into parts 'or lpieces or drilled through by any burglar or burglars, a-nd therefore and by means thereof money,-papers, or other valuable property is protected and preserved from burglars, as well as from destruction or loss by fire.

VHaving thus described the nature of my aforesaid invention and improvements, and to enable others skilled in the art to which the use, lewill here proceed to describe the' construction and the mode or manner of coning my said invention and improvements,`which are as follows, to wit: 1

boiler-plate iron, which is made in as. many parts as there are .sides to thc safe or vault, and which parts are rml y riveted together at the corners thereof by means of the rivets or bolts k, Fig. 2, which rivets project outwardA from the said wrought-iron frame, so as toreceive andrrnly hold the said castiron upon the said'corners, while the body'portions'of r such safe or vault shall be firmly united to same -relates to make and put it, into practical l structing safes, vault-s for banks, stores, Sie., and safe, vault, bank, or other doors coutainl I--make a wrought-iron frame, a, Fig. 2, ot'

y and upon the said frame by means of the molten iron passing into and through the openings or apertures b, Fig. 2, which of course forms cast-iron rivets, and thus combines the wrought and cast iron parts together, and

.thereby adds great strength to such safe or vault or door.

The said rivets or bolts 7c will contain upon each end thereof a dan ge orhead, as shown in said Fig. 2.

a., Fig. 2, is the boiler plate-iron frame, and

is perforated, as aforesaid, and as shown at by same figure, with any number or size of openings or perforations deemed best, so as to allow .the molten iron to enter therein and through the said frame, for the purpose of yfirmly uniting the aforesaid wrought and cast iron, and thereby contribute great strength and durability to said safe, vault, doors, &c. The molten iron, during the casting upon such Wrought-iron frame, is prevented from runn-ing into and filling up the interior portion of K the said safe or vault throughthe said openings or perforations by means of the inner core, which is made of sand in the usual way or of iron, and thus the cast iron rivets are formed, extending entirely through the thickness of such Wroughtdronl Thel said wrought-iron frame is firmly secured at the respective corl f ners thereof, as aforesaid, before the process of ,A

casting and chilling or hardening ofV the iron commences, by means of the aforesaid rivets or'bolts k, Fig. 2. The outer. end of the said rivets are surrounded byv themolten cast iron at the same time that the said openings or apertures b, Fig. 2, are filled with the samematerial, and thusformin g the aforesaid castiron rivetsor pins. I also construct the .said frame of a series of wrought-iron bars, which may be of any width or thickness desired, `while the length thereof will of course correspond to andA with the size of the safe, vault,

or door to be made. d d d, Fig. 3, show such wrought-iron bars, while c, same figure, shows the aforesaid cast-iron, chilled or hardened, as aforesaid. The said bars may be entirely surrounded or covered by said cast-iron, and not in the least change the main feature or character of my sai-d invention and improvements; or they may receive the molten cast-iron upon three sides only, in the manner substantially the same as that of the aforesaid boilerplatev iron, perforated as aforesaid, and by the use Y of an inner corefor and during the process of the casting, for the purposes as aforesaid. The said wrought-iron fra-me may also be constructed as shown at Fig. 4, in which the aforesaid wrought-iron bars cross each other vand are interlaced or interwoven. The said bars may so cross each other upon any desirable angle,'and mayy be perforated,'as shown at the small circles h of said Fig. 4, if deemed hestso to do. In said Figli the said wroughtiron bars are represented by the letter j', and

the aforesaid cast-iron, chilled or hardened as aforesaid, is there represented by the letter The said bars thus interwoven and thus; A Crossin g each other may also be cast upon bythe vault by means of the castiron.

saidmolten cast-iron as aforesaiiband ymay be entirely surrounded or vcovered by the said cast-iron, chilled or hardened as aforesaid, without changing the main feature'or character of my said invention oriinprovenients. The

said wrought-iron frame may also be con# structed as shown at Fig. 5, i-nwhich the aforesaid wrought-'iron bars will cross eachl other without being interlaced o r interwoven, as hereinbefore described, but which cross each other uponan airline surface of such bars, which would give even or parallel surfaces to said bars. The said bars thus crossing each other may also be perforated, as seen at the small circles h in saidFig. 5. The 'castiron, chilled or hardened ,as aforesaid, is in said ligure represented bythe letter g, while the said wrought-iron bars are represen ted by the letter f, andfthey may also cross each other upon any angle desired. They may also be cast upon in the manner substantially the 'same as that described in relation to the aforesaid perforated boilerplate iron or they may be entirely covered or surrounded by the said cast-iron during the process of theta-sting, as aforesaid, without changing the main feature or character of my said invention and' improvements. There may also be used two or more. such wrought-iron frames as I have hereinhefore described and set forth, in the oonstruction of safes, vaults, or doors as aforesaid, if

deemed best, in order to give greater andady ditional strength thereto, in which case such frames of wrought-iron would of course be placed at asmall distance? apart, and each would be surrounded by the'said cast-iron,

'except the inner one, which ofcourse would be cast upon in the manner aforesaid, and thus would form a safe, vault, or door ofgreat strength and durability. i

The aforesaid perforations or apertures I usually construct of from ve-eighths of Yan inch to one inch in diameter, and countersink on one or both sides thereof, as the case may require, s0 that when the,` molten cast-iron shall have formed the aforesaid rivets they willbe dovetailed in the aforesaid wroughtiron frame. Itis therefore manifest that any size or number of such apertures may be used in the construction of such safes, vaults, or doors, as'hereinbefore stated.

When a series of wrought iron bars are used, crossing each other, as hereinbefore stated,it will not be necessai y to use theaforesaid apertures, though they may be used for thepurposes aforesaid, if deemed best, so to d0. The aforesaid wrought iron bars l usually rivet or anchor together at the respective corners of such vsafe or vault in any manner or by any meansrequired to give great strength to such corners; or they may be sutciently held or anchoredat such corners of such safe or bars, when not in ade of wrought-iron, as aforesaid, may be of cast-steel or semi-steel, or of any other material which will give great l strength to the said safe, vault, or doors, and

The said I describe and set forth.

answer any other purpose required of `them in the'construction and manufacture of my said burglar and fire proof safe, vault, or doors. Should it be deemed best to use more than one frame constructed in the manner substantially the same as afore described, one might be in whole or in part made of caststeel and one or vmore of wrought-iron, as

aforesaid, and each and every of them surrounded .by said. Such would be but a modification of my said invention and improvements in burglar and fire proof safes, vaults, or doors. There are other modifications of my said invention which I do not deem material here to I have in this specication described and set -forth suchl inodifications of in v s aid invention as I deem material and essential.

Any desired or required thickness or quantity of said cast-iroii may be used and chilled or hardened, as aforesaid, all depending upon the size of safe, vault, or door to be made and put into use.

The said Wrought-iron frame, constructed in the-manner substantially as hereinbefore described and set forth,is in part for the purpose of receiving the aforesaid castiron, placed upon and around a core constructed for that purpose, which is the inner mold, and which is made in the usual manner of making cores, 0I' it may be made of iron. The thickness 'of the said cast-iron is then determined by the means ofthe inside of the mold which forms the outside of the safe., vault, or door, and the inold for such safe or vault or door being thus completed, or in any manner substantially the same for the same purpose, the operation ot pouring the molten iron commences. The said wrought-iron frame then and thereby becomes connected to and combined with the said cast-iroii in the most perfect, complete, and durable manner, and thus and thereby iorinsa safe, vault, or door, as aforesaid, of combined wrought and cast iron, chilled or hardened, and of great strength, as aforesaid.

The said cast-iron .1s chilled or hardened by vmeans ot' its contact and union upon and with the said Wrought-iroii frame, in the manner as hereinbefore described and set forth. It being thus chilled or hardened, it cannot be drilled through by'any burglar without detection within a short or reasonable time after the commencement of such attempted drilling, and were it possible to drill entirely through the said cast-iron, chilled or hardened as aforesaid, it would require much more time and niore powerful machinery than burglars usually have to carry on and out their intentions and designs at theft or robbery.

Au iron inold to form the inside or outside of the. aforesaid safe, vault, or doors may be used, which would then chill or harden the immediate outside as well as the inside of the said safe, vault, or doors. lVhen an iron inold is only used to forni the outside of such the molten cast-iron, as afore-4` to where the said wrought-iron frame vwhich burglars safe, vault, or door, such immediate outside Will become chilled or harden ed by means thereof, while'the said wrought iron frame will also chill or harden that part of such cast-iror'ias shall come in contact therewith, asaforesaid; and by hardening or chilling the immediate outer surface, as aforesaid, it would contribute inuch on the start to destroy the tools used by the burglar, and thereby greatly discourage his said work and undertaking. The said cast-iroii being thus acted upon by the aforesaid Wroughtiron frame, adheres to it, and is thereto firmly bound and secured by means of such dsurrounding of the said bars themselves by eastfiron, as aforesaid, or by means of the said molten iron passing 'into and through the aforesaid perforations, and thereby forming a series of rivets of castiron, by means of which f the said cast and wrought iron arefirmly fastened or secured together, for the purposes as aforesaid.

It will be seen that the said boiler-plateiron frame, aswell as the Wrought-iron bars, may be eii'tirel y and most thoroughly surrounded by tlie said cast-iron during the operation or process of the casting or pouring of the molten iron thereto, as aforesaid.

It is not considered essential or material as should be located in relation to the cast iron, so long as the same effect is producedfto wit, the coinbinaton of the Wrought-iron and east-iron, chilled or hardened as aforesaid, and thereby' forming a burglar and ire proof safe, vault, or doors, for the purposes herein described and set forth.

. The aforesaid wroughtgiron bars may he placed or arranged at any desired distance apart or from each other in the series of such bars which make up the frame-Work to receive, contain, and firmly hold lthe aforesaid castiron, in the manner and for the purposes-substantially the saine as hereinbefore described and set forth. Each side of such safe or vault, as well as the said doors, .will therefore be composed of a series of such bars, for the purposes aforesaid-g or each side thereof may be composed of such perforated boiler-plate, forl the purposes aforesaid. In either case the real invention is the same, and which is herein described and set forth.

' The aforesaid combination and constructionof wrought-iron and cast-iroii, chilled or hardened as aforesaid, forms a safe, vault, or door of great strength and durability, and not liable to be broken by any ordinary powerl against either, and also renders the same firm and secure against beingdrilled through, and therefore proof against burglars. l

The aforesaid chilling lor hardening should be carried to as great a degree as possibletliat is to say,the said cast-iron should be iliade as hard as it can be in the manner aforesaid, for by so -doing the structure becomes the niore secure against the burglars drill or I the said 1 may bring to bear'upon and"v kmachinery used by him for the purpose of drilling or cutting into parts orpieces such safe, vault,- or door.

To contribute inthe making of my said safe, vault, or door fire proof, I use a filling composed of lire-prooi material, which is placed between the inner part or side of the said wrought and cast iron structure and an inner casing of iron or Wood, which said lling may'bc of any thickness desired, and surrounding the said structure Aupon the inside thereof in the usual manner.

. Havin g thus described the nature, construction, and the mode of the manufacture of my said invention and improvements 'in safes,v

vaults, doors, 85e., what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters. Patent ot' the United States of America, is

1. The employment of Wroughtiron and cast-iron in combination, the same forming a safe, Vault, or door, in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein described and set forth.

2. A safe, vault, or door .constructed of a series of Wrought-iron bars and surrounded by cast-iron, in the manner substantially as i and for the purposes herein described and set forth.

3. A safe, vault, or door constructed of boilerplate iron, perforated and riveted together by means of the rivets Z and cast-iron, in the manner and for the-purposes substanvtially as herein described and set forth.

4. A safe, Vault, or door containing castiron, chilled or hardened in the manner and by the means and for the purposes substantially v as herein described and setv forth.

5. A safe, vault, or door constructed burglar-proof, in the manner and by the means substantially as herein described and set forth.

In testimony whereof I have, on this 15th day of July, A. D. 1865, hereunto set r'ny hand.

LEWIS LILLIE.

In presence of- MARCUS I. NORTON, EDM. F. BROWN.

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