US933682A

US933682A - Multiple-effect receiver.

Info

Publication number: US933682A
Application number: US44187008A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gardner Tufts Voorhees
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1908-07-03
Filing date: 1908-07-03
Publication date: 1909-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 1926-09-07

Description

G. T. VOORHEES.

MULTIPLE EFFECT RECEIVER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY a, 1908.

wit 2552s: I Znqfutm.

Patented Sept. 7 1909.

GARDNER 'rurr's" vooftnnns, .or nqs'ron', mssaennsnr'rs' MULTiPI/E-EFFECT ancm vmt Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed .Tu1y 3, 1908. Serial No. 441,870. a a

To all whoiw it may concern: k

Be it known that I, GARDNER TUFTQVOOR- HEES, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Boston, in the countyof Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multiple-Effect Receivers, 6f which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to increase the capacity and fliciency of my multiple ett'ect compressor, U. S. Letters Patent 7 93864, and of my multiple effect absorption system, see my patent application Serial Number 299326, and to increase the efficiency and'capacity of any refrigerating system that can operate at two or more different suction or back pressures. The principle involved is the economic recovery of vapor formed from a refrigerant liquid'whcn said refrigerantliquid has had its pressure reduced below that of the condenser in passing through an.

expansion valve. This is accomplished-by allowing the liquid refrigerant, from the condenser to flow from the condenser through a conduit and past an expansion valve in said conduit so that the combined liquor and vapor resulting will flow into a receiver, so that the liquid can be used for refrigerating purposes by passing .itfrom the reeeiver through refrigerators and thereinevaporating it and so that the vapor from the receiver can be recovered through a gas compressing means that will take it in and raise its pressure to that ofthe condenser and discharge it into the condenser.

In the drawmgA 1s the condenser, cooled by any desired means, as bywater trickling over its surface, B is the receiver, C, and C are refrigerators heated by. any desired means, as by water or brine. trickling over their surfaces, D D, is the gas compressing means, and consists of any combination of apparatus that will take in vapor at two or more different suction pressures, and raise the vapor so taken into the condenser pressure and discharge it into the condenser.

I), D. maybe either a multiple effect compressor, the absorbers, liquor pumps and generators of a multiple effect absorption system, two or more common compressors or two or more series of absorbers and stills and liquor'pnmps. v

. 3,9, 34, 37, 15 are expansion valves, 5, is an automatic float governed expansion valve, 20, 22, 25 are stop or throttling valves.

, Automatic" expansion valve 5 has v stem 6 and opening of the expansion valve by the height of liquid in receiver B. The receiver may be at a level above both refrigerators" as is shown in the drawing or may be below one or both refrigerators, and expansion valves 9, 34, 37, 15 may be used as ex )ansion valves or as re ulatin Valves as is esired according to t e relative levels of the receiver and the refrigerators. p The operation of the'preferred form of my apparatus is as follows; I) D is a mul-' tiple effect compressor having high pressure sucti on inlet 27 and low pressure suction inlet 13. Liquid anhydrous ammonia flows from condenser A at say 100- F. and 200 pounds gage pressure through pi e 1, 2, 4 past expansion valve 3 which is ere wide open and past automatic expansion valve 5, and in passin expansion valve 5 its pressure is reduced to say 9 .pounds and its temperature is reduced to say -10 F. and say 20% of its total wei ht 1s vaporized. This mixture of liquid an vapor now enters the receiver through inlet 4, above the liquid level in the receiver and the liquid falls to -the lower 5art of the receiver and the vapor .occupies t e upper partof the receiver. I

prefer to have this mixture of liquid and vapor enter the receiver above the liquid outlets from the receiver and preferably above the liquid level therein, for if it entered below this liquid level, it-would so amtate said liquid as to fill it full of bubbles of vapor, and tend to make it boil over to the compression means and if the liquid outlets from the receiver were not below the mlet to the receiver from the condenser it would tend to have vapor bubbles go with the liquidjto the refrigerators and so partially defeat the purpose of this invention. TlllS nine pound pressure -10 liquid free from vapornow flows from the lower part of the receiver to the two refrigerators, C, and C valves 34 and 37 being closed. Part of" it returned through pipe-18,19, 21 to receiver-B,

valve 22 being shut and valve 20 open. The vapor so formed in refri erator C joins that in receiverB and the liquid so returned from refrigerator C rejoins the liquid in the lower part of the receiver. In the-meanwhileliquid- Patented s t. 7, 1909.-

ball float 7, said float 7 regulating the from receiver .B has also flowed past expansion valve 9 through conduit 8, 1 11 and has had its pressure-reduced from 9 pounds to say lbs; and its temperature to say 5 17, here a little'vapor is formed and this mixture ,of liquid and vapor enters refrigerator C, wherein the liquid is evaporated at say 5 ounds and .-17 and the vapor so formed. ows through

pipe

12, 13 to the low pressure suction inlet 13 of multiple effect compressor D 'D In the meanwhile the gas at 9 lbs. pressure flows from the pper part of receiver B through

pipe

24, 2%, 27

i5suction inlet'of multiple eifect compressor D D and is taken in by the compressor, and ali thegaswhether'high or low pressure is compressed to the condenser pressure'und is discharged through

conduit

28, 29, 30, 31,

'20 32 into condenser A, wherein it is reliquefied I and the cycle repeated. It is evident that receiver B could not only be used as a receiver but also as a refrigerator in place of refrigerator C if its surface were used to cool air, brine or any other desired substance, but I prefer not to sense the receiver as a refrigerator, for by so doing it would be filled with a boiling mixture of liquid umlvapor bubbles and tendto boil over to thecompression means and such vapor bubbles would 0 in part with the liquid to refrigerator 2 and so partially defeat the object of this-invention. I

r From the above it should be clear that by 35 the use of my invention I have increased the capacity of the multiple effect compressor to do refrigeration at the low suction pressure to the extent of the proportionate weight of vapor formed in receiver B that 4 would otherwise havebeen formed in refrigerator O 4. Y

. A modification. of the cycle just'described will be when valve 20is shut and valve 22 open so that valve -1 5 is used as a regulating valve and the operation is as before described, except that the vapor from refrigerator C 'now enters direct to the hi h pressure suction inlet 27 of the multip e effect compressor through pipe 18 19, 23, 27 in 5 place of first returning to the receiver as before described.

, Another 'modification is whenvalve 25 is throttled and valve 20 shut and valve 22 open and the operation is as before described except that then the pressures in B, C, and C are all different, so that either or both refrigerators C, and C, can be above the level of receiver B;

Another modification is when the level of 9 refrigerator C,is so far below the level of V receiver B that it can operate at a higher pressure than refrigerator C because of its hydraulic head of liquid from the receiver.

In actual practice it is evident that the two refrigeratorsC and at different temperapressures and Baudelot coolers at high pres-' tur'es' will be available for useful refri era tion as follows-where C is the low pres sure-refrigerator and G thelngh pressure? refrigerator; for cooling breweries at low sures; for /chill rooms. and for reezing rooms in cold storage warehouses or packing houses;'for cooling water to be made into ice and for freezing such cooled water. into ice; for cooling air for use in blast furnaces to precipitate the moisture from said air in two stages, in lace-of doing all the refrigeration at the ow stage. valve 25 being open, to the'high pressure Another modification where refrigerator C is dispensed with and where it is desired either through the use of a multiple-effect compressor 'or through two ordinary coinpressors, or by using the two sides of a doupressure inlet of the compressor. The operation of this modification is as follows; Liquid ammonia at say and 200 pounds" pressure flows from condenser A through I pipe 1, 2, '4 and past automatic expansion valve 5, expansion valve 3 being wide open and so not in use, into receiver B. In passing the expansion valve the pressure is reduced to say 9 pounds and the tem erature.

is reduced to say -10 and the liquid at' say 10 and the vapor so formed is dis charged through 'inlet 4:, above the liquid level in the .receiver, into the receiver so that the liquid falls to the lower part. of there'- c'eiver and the gas rises to the upper part of the receiver. The gas fromthe upper part of the receiver now flows t the high pressure suction inlet of the conilaressor through 1

pipe

24, 26, 27 'valve 25 being open and

valves

20 and 22 shut, valves 34, 3.7, 15 are also shut and refrigerator C not used. The I liquid ammonia now flows from the lower part of thereceiver B through

pipe

8, 10, 11

to refrigerator C, through expansion valve -9,. where the pressure is reduced to say 5' pounds andthe temperature to'say 17. The liquid'is evaporated in refrigerator G at 5 pounds pressure and the vapor so formed

fiowsthrough pipe

12, 13 to the low pressure suction inlet 13 of the compressor, and both I the high and low suction pressure vapor s are a compressed in the. compressing means to the condenser pressure and discharged through the

discharge pipe

28, 29, 30, 31, 32 into the condenser A. 4

- taken in and raised from two or more diifea;

would require the close attention of the operator, and anyneglecton'his part won (I tend to cause threceiver to fill up withliquid, and-said liquid togo over as such to the compressor and so wreck the compressor with consequent lossof apparatus and danger to life and property.

It will be evi cut that any number of refri erators and at any number'of different bait pressures can be supplied with liquid from receiver B, as through pipes 33,- 36, 38 and by expansion or regulating valves 34 and 37.

Inthe claims where'I use the words (gas com r'essing means I mean any device or com ination of devices whereby gas may be cut suction pressures to the condenser pressure,.such as any type of mechanicalcompressor; or absorber, liquor pump and generator of an absorption system; or their equivalentror the equivalent of an of these devices; or a combination of any 0 these devices or their equivalents.

What I claim is as follows: 1. In a volatile liquid refrigerating system the combination of gas compressing (means having a high pressure suctlon inlet and at low pressure suction inlet and adapted to take in gas at a high and at a low suction pressure and to compress said as and to disch-ar eit into a condenser, a condenser adapts -to liquefy said compressed gas, a receiver adapted to contain liquid in its lower part and gas in its upper part, a conduit to conduct liquid from the condenser to the receiver, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a high pressure refrigerator, a conduit leading to said refrigerator, a conduit leading from from the receivers lower art said refrigerator to the receivers upper part, a conduit leading from the receivers upper part to said hi h pressure suction inlet, a o-w pressure re rigerator, a cond leading from the receivers lower part 0 the low pressure refrigerator, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a conduit leading from the low pressure refrigerator to said' low pressure suction inlet.

2. In a volatlle' liquid refrigerating system the combination of gas compressing means having a high pressure suction inlet and a low pressure suction inlet and adapted to take in gas at a high and at a low suction pressure and to compress said gas and to discharge it intoa condenser, a condenser adapted to liquefy said compressed gas, a receiver adapted to contain liquid 1n its lower part and gas in its upper part, a conduit to conduct liquid from the condenser to the receiver, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a high pressure refrigerator, a

conduit leading from the receivers lower part to said refrigerator, a regulating valve in said conduit, conduits leadlng from said &

refrigerator'and from the rbeeiversupper part to said high pressure suction inlet,.a low. pressure re rigerator, a conduit leadingfrom the receivers lower part. tolthe'low pressure refrigerator, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a conduit leadin from the low pressure refrigerator to and low pressure suction inlet.

3. In a volatile liquid refrigerating system the combination -of gas compressing means. having a high pressure suction inlet and a logv pressure suction inlet and adapted to take in gas at a high and at a low suction pressure and to compress said gas and to dischar e it into a condenser, a condenser adap d to liquefy said compressed gas, a receiver adapted to contain liquid in its lower part andgas in its upper part, a conduit to conduct liquid fromthe condenser to'the receiver, an .automatic float governed pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a conduit from the receiverfs upper art to said high pressure suction inlet, a re rigerator, a conduit leading from the receivers lower part to the refrigerator, a ressure reducing" valve in said conduit, a con uit leading from the refrigerator to said low pressure suction ing valve in said conduit, a high pressure refrigerator, a conduit leadin from the receivers lower art to said refrigerator, a conduit leading rom said refrigerator to the receivers upper part, a conduit leading from the rec'eiversupper part to said high pressure suction inlet, a low pressure refrigorator, a conduit leading from the receivers lowerpart to the low ressure refrigerator, a pressure reducnig va ve 111 said conduit, a

conduit from the low pressure refrigerator to said low pressure suction inlet.

5. Ina volatile liquid refrigerating system the combination of gas compressing means having a high pressure suctlon inlet and a low pressure suction inlet and adapted totake in: gas at ahigh and ata low suction pressure and to compress said gas and to discharge it into a condenser, a condenser adapted to liquefy said compressed gas, areceiver adapted to contain liquid In its lower part and as in its upper part, a con-.

duit to conduct iquid from the condenser tothe receiyer, an automatic float governed pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a

40 gas at a high and at a lowsuction pressure high pressure refrigerator, a conduit leading from the receivers lower part to said refrigcrater, a conduit leading'from said refrigerator to thereceivers upper part, a conduit leading from the recelvers upper part to said high pressure suction inlet, a low pressure refrigerator, a conduit leading from the receiver's lower, part to the low pressure refrigeratonit pressure reducing valve in said low pressure suction inlet and adapted to take in gas at a high and at a low suction pressure and to compress said gas and to discharge it into a condenser, a condenser adapte' to liquefy said compressed gas, a. receiver adapted to contain liquid 111' its lower part'andgas in its uppcrpart, a con-.

duit to conduct liquid from the condenser to the receivers upper part; a pressure reducm valve in said conduit, ahigh pressure re rigerator,/a conduit leading from the reregulating valve in said conduit, conduits leading from said refrigerator and from the receivers upper part to said'high pressure suction inlet, a low pressure refriger itor, a.

. conduit leading from the receivers lower part to the low pressure refrigerator, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a con-' duit leading from the low pressure refrig-v erator to said low pressure suction inlet. I 7. In a volatile liquid refrigerating system the combination of gas compressing means having a high pressure suction inlet and a low pressure suction inlet and adapted to take in and to compress said gas and to dlscharge it into a condenser," a condenser adapted-toli'quefy said compressed gas, a receiver adapted to contain liquid in i 3 lower part and gas in its upper part, a conduit to conduct liquid from the condenser to the receiver, an automatic float governed pres-- sure reducing valve in said conduit, a high pressure refr1gerator,a conduit leading from the receivers lowerpart to said refrigerator, aregulating valve in said conduit, conduits leading froms'aid refrigerator and from the receivers upper part to said high pressure suction inlet, a low pressure refrigerator, a conduit leading from the receivers lower part to the low pressure refrigerator, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a

the combination of gas compressing means having a high pressure suction inlet and a. low pressure suction inlet and adaptedto take 1n gas at a high and at a low suction pressure and to compress said gas and to discharge .it. into a condenser, a condenser.

ed to contain liquid in its'lower part and gas in its 11 perpart, a conduit to conduct liquid I adapted to liquefy' said gas, areceiver adaptfrom t e condenser to the receiversupper part, an automatic float governed pressure reducing valve in said conduit, a hi h pressure refrigerator, a conduit leading rece' rs lower part to said refrlgerator, a conduit leading from said refrigerator to the receiversjupper part, aconduit leading from the receivers upper part to said high presom the sure suction'inlet, a .low pressure refrig=- erator, a conduit leading from the receivers lower part to the lowi prssure refrigerator, a pressure reducing va vein said conduit, a

conduit leading from the low pressure refrigerator to said low ressure suction inlet. ceivers lower part to said refrigerator, a

9. In avolatile liqui refrigerating system the I combination of gas compressing means having a high pressure. suctlon inlet and a low pressure suction inlet and adapted. to,

, take in gas at a high and at alow suction ressure and to compress said gas and to ischalzge it into a condenser, a condenser adapte to liquefy said compressed gas, .a receiver adapted 'to'contai-n liquidtm its lower part and as in its upper part, a con- 1 duit to conduct 'quid from the condenser to the receivers upper part, an automatic float governed pgessure reducing valve in'said conduit, a 'gh pressure refrigerator, a conduit leadingfrom the 'receivers lower part to said refrigerator, a regulating valve in' said conduit,-conduits leading from said refrigerator and from the receivers upper part to said hi h pressure suction inlet, a low pressure refri erator, a conduit leading from the receivers lower part to the low pressure refrigerator, a pressure reducing valve in said conduit, 'a conduit leading from thelow pressure refrigerator to said low pressure suction inlet.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

eiannna'rnrrs voo'autas. Witnesses? I I PHILIP S. GIDLERE, A."I-I.'RIrrER."