US8631135B2 - Internet/intranet access mechanism - Google Patents
Internet/intranet access mechanism Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US8631135B2 US8631135B2 US12/474,129 US47412909A US8631135B2 US 8631135 B2 US8631135 B2 US 8631135B2 US 47412909 A US47412909 A US 47412909A US 8631135 B2 US8631135 B2 US 8631135B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cpe
- access server
- user data
- protocol
- points
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related, expires
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
- H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
- H04L12/2869—Operational details of access network equipments
- H04L12/287—Remote access server, e.g. BRAS
- H04L12/2872—Termination of subscriber connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
- H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
- H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
- H04L12/2869—Operational details of access network equipments
- H04L12/2878—Access multiplexer, e.g. DSLAM
- H04L12/2879—Access multiplexer, e.g. DSLAM characterised by the network type on the uplink side, i.e. towards the service provider network
- H04L12/2883—ATM DSLAM
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
- H04Q11/0428—Integrated services digital network, i.e. systems for transmission of different types of digitised signals, e.g. speech, data, telecentral, television signals
- H04Q11/0478—Provisions for broadband connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5629—Admission control
- H04L2012/563—Signalling, e.g. protocols, reference model
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5665—Interaction of ATM with other protocols
- H04L2012/5667—IP over ATM
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a mechanism for accessing the Internet via an ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) network.
- Internet should be interpreted broadly to cover any large-area networks using Internet Protocols (IP). Especially it is the applicant's intention to include future developments, such as Internet 2 or NGI ('Next generation Internet'), and corporate networks, commonly referred to as intranets or extranets.
- IP Internet Protocols
- a person designing an Internet access mechanism faces several issues, such as interoperability, security, billing, economic use of IP addresses, and how to make the best use of installed equipment, etc.
- CPEs are connected to the ATM network at network termination points (NT).
- a typical NT such as NT 1 in FIG. 1 , is a network gateway having a network interface for the customer's local area network, LAN, and another interface towards the ATM network.
- a personal computer PC or a workstation WS can be connected directly (without a LAN) to the ATM network by means of an ATM/ADSL adapter card (shown as NT 2 ), which in this case is the NT.
- NT 2 ATM/ADSL adapter card
- the network comprises an access server function, or ASF, having a connection to each NT and each SP such that each NT has a permanent connection or a permanent virtual connection to the ASF.
- ASF access server function
- the wording ‘access server function’ implies that the ASF can be a dedicated network element or it can be integrated into or co-located with another network element, such as an ATM switch.
- the ASF has been referred to as an ‘access node’/‘DSLAM’ (digital subscriber line access multiplexer) or an ‘edge router’.
- DSLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexer
- PVC permanent virtual connection
- a problem of the known Internet access mechanisms is that they do not give a satisfactory answer to following problem: How can a specific end-user be connected to the desired service provider with a minimal number of permanent virtual circuits (PVCs) with a possibility of end-user authentication taking place only at the ends of the PVCs (not necessarily at the ASF)?
- PVCs permanent virtual circuits
- An object of the present disclosure is to solve or at least minimise the problem associated with the prior art access mechanisms.
- the object is achieved with a method and equipment which are characterized by what is disclosed in the attached independent claims.
- Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed in the attached dependent claims.
- the present disclosure is based on establishing a tunnelling protocol on the permanent virtual connection between each CPE or NT and the ASF, wherein the tunnelling protocol is able to support an integrated signalling protocol. Selecting an appropriate SP is based on the integrated signalling protocol. Routing to the selected SP is performed by the ASF. Finally, the ASF connects the CPE or NT to the selected SP using the integrated signalling protocol.
- tunnelling protocol refers to a protocol which allows creating and maintaining virtual private sessions via various network media such as IP, ATM, Frame Relay, etc.
- integrated signalling protocol i.e. a signalling protocol integrated into the tunnelling protocol
- control protocol refers to a control protocol which is used for creating, maintaining and releasing these sessions.
- the ATM network must provide non-ATM functions in the ASF, and, unless properly dimensioned, the ASF can be a performance bottleneck.
- Such non-ATM functions performed by the ASF include functions above the ATM layer for the user connections, namely SAR/AAL5, the entire tunnelling protocol and selecting the SP by L2 signalling. These functions require appropriate administration.
- one permanent virtual connection PVC is provided from the ASF to each SP.
- a pool of permanent virtual connections from the ASF to each SP there is provided a pool of permanent virtual connections from the ASF to each SP.
- One PVC is allocated to each CPE from this pool.
- SVC switched virtual connection
- the tunnelling protocol can be established only in response to detecting appropriate user activity in a CPE.
- the tunnelling protocol can be permanent and the integrated signalling is initiated and the user is authenticated only in response to detecting appropriate user activity in the CPE.
- the user is authenticated twice, first by the ASF using the tunnelling protocol, and then by the SP.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the Internet/intranet access mechanism according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 a is block diagram comprising several customer premises equipment CPE, connected via network termination points NT to an access server function ASF according to the present disclosure.
- the ASF can be a dedicated network element, or it can be integrated into or co-located with another network element, such as an ATM switch (which is known to a skilled person and not shown separately).
- the ASF provides access from each CPE to several service providers SP, such as Internet service providers ISP, content providers CP and corporate networks CN.
- service providers SP such as Internet service providers ISP, content providers CP and corporate networks CN.
- the present disclosure requires no changes to the construction or operation of the SP equipment. Instead, the present disclosure can be implemented in the ASF and the NT.
- PVC permanent virtual connection
- NT 2 in the workstation WS
- PVC personal computers PC
- NT 1 in the workstation WS
- All the personal computers PC connected to the LAN share the PVC between NT 1 and the ASF.
- a tunnelling protocol such as L2TP (Layer 2 Tunnelling Protocol)
- the tunnelling protocol combines the sessions and signalling from all active PCs into a single tunnel from the NT to the ASF.
- the tunnelling protocol must be able to support an integrated signalling protocol.
- the end user i.e.
- the person using the CPE or a software agent being executed in the CPE selects an appropriate SP by using the integrated signalling protocol. Routing to the selected SP is performed by the ASF. Finally, the ASF connects the CPE or NT to the selected SP using the integrated signalling protocol.
- Reference 11 points to a preferred protocol stack at the NT and reference 12 points to a preferred protocol stack at the ASF.
- the workstation WS connected to NT 2 without a LAN needs a simpler protocol stack, consisting only of the right half of the protocol stack 11 , i.e. PPP, L2TP, AAL5, ATM, and PHY.
- PPP point-to-point connectivity
- L2TP provides end-to-end security.
- the ATM operator may still choose to do so, in order to charge the subscriber for the duration of the session.
- the end-user's choice of SP is not known to the ATM operator, which is a clear benefit to the owners of the SPs.
- the preferred embodiment saves a considerable amount of PVCs over the prior art access mechanisms.
- Let us calculate an example case of 10 000 customers and 8 SPs and 20 ASFs (one ASF per 500 CPE). If all customers need access to all SPs, the prior art access mechanisms require a separate PVC for each customer/SP combination, i.e. in this example 8*10 000 80000 PVCs.
- the NT there is a separate PVC from each active PC between the NT and the ASF.
- implementation of the NT is easier because the tunnels from the PCs do not have to be combined (instead, all tunnels pass from the PCs, over the LAN, through the NT to the ASF).
- the ATM operator's billing can be based on the time there is a PVC between the customer and the ASF.
- the present disclosure simplifies this kind of billing because there is only one PVC from each customer. Also, when the customer changes the SP, a new PVC configuration is not needed.
- NT device like the device itself, is rather simple. Only its LAN interface and its ATM interface require configuration: an IP address, a subnet mask and an ATM PVC. The latter can be received automatically, using a technique known as ILMI (Interim Local Management Interface) as defined by ATM Forum UNI (User to Network Interface) 3.1. ILMI supports bidirectional exchange of management information between UNI management entities related to the ATM layer and physical layer parameters.
- ILMI Interim Local Management Interface
- the LAN interface can be configured automatically by a process known as DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), as defined by the Internet Software Consortium.
- DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Abstract
Description
- 1. Kwok, Timothy et al: An Interoperable End-to-End Broadband Service Architecture over ASDL Systems, version 1.0, 3 Jun., 1997, available at address http://www.3com.com/xdsl/microwt.html at the priority date of this application.
- 2. Nilsson, Patrik et al: Anx—High-speed Internet Access, available at address http://www.ericsson.com/Review/er1b—98/art4/art4.html at the priority date of this application. The www address implies that reference 2 was printed in Ericsson Review magazine.
Claims (22)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/474,129 US8631135B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 2009-05-28 | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI981708A FI105742B (en) | 1998-08-06 | 1998-08-06 | Internet / intranet access mechanism |
FI981708 | 1998-08-06 | ||
PCT/FI1999/000652 WO2000008890A2 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 1999-08-05 | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
US76222601A | 2001-03-07 | 2001-03-07 | |
US12/474,129 US8631135B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 2009-05-28 | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
Related Parent Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FI1999/000652 Continuation WO2000008890A2 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 1999-08-05 | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
US09/762,226 Continuation US7606907B1 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 1999-08-05 | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
US76222601A Continuation | 1998-08-06 | 2001-03-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20090232145A1 US20090232145A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
US8631135B2 true US8631135B2 (en) | 2014-01-14 |
Family
ID=8552272
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/762,226 Expired - Fee Related US7606907B1 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 1999-08-05 | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
US12/474,129 Expired - Fee Related US8631135B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 2009-05-28 | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/762,226 Expired - Fee Related US7606907B1 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 1999-08-05 | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7606907B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1103160B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5166899A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69940604D1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI105742B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000008890A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130329729A1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2013-12-12 | WI-LAN, Inc | Method and system for authenticated fast channel change of media provided over a dsl connection |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI105742B (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2000-09-29 | Nokia Networks Oy | Internet / intranet access mechanism |
GB0028113D0 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-01-03 | Band X Ltd | Communication system and method |
EP1418789A1 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-05-12 | Alcatel | Universal network termination |
EP2026594B1 (en) * | 2007-08-14 | 2017-07-12 | Alcatel Lucent | A module and associated method for TR-069 object management |
Citations (12)
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---|---|---|---|---|
EP0700231A2 (en) | 1994-08-29 | 1996-03-06 | AT&T Corp. | Methods and systems for interprocess communication and inter-network data transfer |
WO1996038962A1 (en) | 1995-05-31 | 1996-12-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Computer network and communication network integration system |
WO1998036608A2 (en) | 1997-02-18 | 1998-08-20 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for multiplexing of multiple users on the same virtual circuit |
EP0873038A2 (en) | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-21 | Alcatel | High speed internet access |
US5915008A (en) | 1995-10-04 | 1999-06-22 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | System and method for changing advanced intelligent network services from customer premises equipment |
US5940598A (en) | 1997-01-28 | 1999-08-17 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Telecommunications network to internetwork universal server |
US6035340A (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 2000-03-07 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Method and apparatus for providing a multiple-ring token ring hub expansion |
US6061650A (en) | 1996-09-10 | 2000-05-09 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Method and apparatus for transparently providing mobile network functionality |
US6084892A (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 2000-07-04 | Bell Atlantic Networks Services, Inc. | Public IP transport network |
US6151628A (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 2000-11-21 | 3Com Corporation | Network access methods, including direct wireless to internet access |
US6490273B1 (en) * | 1998-08-05 | 2002-12-03 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Asynchronous transfer mode architecture migration |
US7606907B1 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2009-10-20 | Wi-Lan Inc. | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6597689B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2003-07-22 | Nortel Networks Limited | SVC signaling system and method |
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1998
- 1998-08-06 FI FI981708A patent/FI105742B/en active
-
1999
- 1999-08-05 DE DE69940604T patent/DE69940604D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-05 US US09/762,226 patent/US7606907B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-05 AU AU51668/99A patent/AU5166899A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-05 WO PCT/FI1999/000652 patent/WO2000008890A2/en active Application Filing
- 1999-08-05 EP EP99936644A patent/EP1103160B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2009
- 2009-05-28 US US12/474,129 patent/US8631135B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0700231A2 (en) | 1994-08-29 | 1996-03-06 | AT&T Corp. | Methods and systems for interprocess communication and inter-network data transfer |
WO1996038962A1 (en) | 1995-05-31 | 1996-12-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Computer network and communication network integration system |
US5915008A (en) | 1995-10-04 | 1999-06-22 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | System and method for changing advanced intelligent network services from customer premises equipment |
US6061650A (en) | 1996-09-10 | 2000-05-09 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Method and apparatus for transparently providing mobile network functionality |
US5940598A (en) | 1997-01-28 | 1999-08-17 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Telecommunications network to internetwork universal server |
WO1998036608A2 (en) | 1997-02-18 | 1998-08-20 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for multiplexing of multiple users on the same virtual circuit |
US6084892A (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 2000-07-04 | Bell Atlantic Networks Services, Inc. | Public IP transport network |
US6035340A (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 2000-03-07 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Method and apparatus for providing a multiple-ring token ring hub expansion |
EP0873038A2 (en) | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-21 | Alcatel | High speed internet access |
US6151628A (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 2000-11-21 | 3Com Corporation | Network access methods, including direct wireless to internet access |
US6490273B1 (en) * | 1998-08-05 | 2002-12-03 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Asynchronous transfer mode architecture migration |
US7606907B1 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2009-10-20 | Wi-Lan Inc. | Internet/intranet access mechanism |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
Huang, N. et al. "Virtual LAN Internetworking over ATM Networks for Mobile Stations"Apr. 1997, IEEE, vol. 3, pp. 1397-1404. |
Jaeger, R. et al. "Performance Management Issues of Currently Operated ATM Enterprise Networks", Jan. 1996, IEEE, vol. 34, Issue 1, p. 70-76. |
Nilsson, P. et al., Anx-High-speed Internet access, Ericsson Review, Internet Access Services, 1998, pp. 24-31. |
Verbiest, W. "High Speed Internet Access Over ADSL: Making It Happen", Alcatel Communications Reveiw 4th Quarter 1997 pp. 280-286. |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130329729A1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2013-12-12 | WI-LAN, Inc | Method and system for authenticated fast channel change of media provided over a dsl connection |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1103160B1 (en) | 2009-03-18 |
WO2000008890A3 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
FI105742B (en) | 2000-09-29 |
FI981708A (en) | 2000-02-07 |
DE69940604D1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
FI981708A0 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
WO2000008890A2 (en) | 2000-02-17 |
US20090232145A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
EP1103160A2 (en) | 2001-05-30 |
AU5166899A (en) | 2000-02-28 |
US7606907B1 (en) | 2009-10-20 |
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