US8138A - Improvement in the gearing of a seed-planter - Google Patents

Description

M. J. HUNT.

Gram-Drillv No. 8,138. Patented June a, 1851.

.3 X REH E AN LPHOTO-LITHO. COJLY (BSBDRNES PROCESS) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

M. J. HUNT, OF RISING SUN, MARYLAND.

Speoification forming part of Letters Patent No. 8,138, dated June 3, 1851.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARSHALL J. HUNT, of Rising Sun, in the county of Cecil and State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Seed-Planters; and I do hereby declare the following to he a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, making part of the same, in which' Figure 1 represents the rear end of the planter; Fig. 2, a top view; Fig. 3, an end view, with the wheels removed; Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 detailed drawings of the several pieces constituting the feeding apparatus, and which are represented as about the full size for a working machine.

Similar letters in the several figures represent the same parts.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and construct my machine, I shall proceed to describe the same.

On a frame A, of common construction, which is secured to the axle by the boxes 0, I arrange the seed-box B, made in the usual manner. In the bottom of said seed-box is a round hole, a, (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3,) and corresponding in size with the hole in the plate D, Fig. 8, through which the grain passes to the seed-tubes E, and which said tubes are openin the rear to enable the operator to see whether the machine is feeding regularly and in proper quantities.

On the bottom of the seed-box, and let into it flush by a mortise, I arrange the cast-iron plate D, secured firmly in place by screws. On this plate is cast the lugs 12 b, the sides of which next the grain-receiver may be either in a regular inclined plane or slightly convex, the opposite sides sloping slightly toward the opening in the bottom of the seed-box for pur poses to be hereinafter described.

On top of the plate D, I place the longitudinal slotted bar F, also made of cast iron, either in one piece or in sections, and secured to each other by screws passing through half-laps in the ends of each section, the slotin said bar being just wide enough to span the lugs b b and move freely back and forth past the same, and of suitable length to form the sides and one end of the grain-receivers, (the inclined sides of the lugs forming the fourth side,) but not rising to the full height of the upper surface spilling out of the receiver when thrown into the seed-box, or when the seeder is turning at the-ends of the rows, or when stationary, and entirely doing away with brushes or similar devices for holding the grain in the box when not sowing.

Over the slotted bar F is placed the cap G, also of cast-iron, and through which said bar F slides freely when the machine is sowing. On the under side of said cap G is a concave recess, (shown by dotted lines at c c, Fig. 5,) which spans the lugs b 12, leaving a space between the top of the lug and the concave for the grain to be forced out of the receiver as the slotted bar F (formin g part of the receivingchamber) is moved back and forth. Through the top of this cap G there is a hole, over which is placed a tight tin cover, X, Fig. 9,

and which can be easily removed, in case the machine should become choked by straw or other material, and be cleaned.

The grain, being forced out of the receiver by the sliding of the slotted bar aforesaid, falls through the hole a, Fig. 3, into the seed-tubes E E E, which pass through'iron shoes H H H, castin the usual manner, and conducts the grain into the furrows made by said shoes, the earth closing over the grain thus sown.

One of the wheels is made fast to the axle, so as to cause the axle to rotate with the wheel for the purpose of communicating motion to the seeding apparatus, the other being loose, as in the usual manner of hanging wheels. On one end of said axle I arrange a eogged wheel, J, which meshes into a spur-wheel, 6, (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3,) and which said spur-wheel has its hearings on the longitudinal pieces of the frame. To this spurwheel e is attached a long crank, f, (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2,) on which crank a pitman, g, is so attached as to move freely from one end of the said crank to the other for the purpose of adjusting the feed of the machine, as will be hereinafter described.

On the rear side of the seed-box is a double bolt, h, which slides in two clips, it, and is held sufficiently tight by the clips, so as to be moved only by a slight stroke with a hammer. Framed into this double bolt is a per pendicular arm, is, slotted in the lower end, so as to come astride of the pitman g, before described.

of said plate 1). This prevents thegrain fron l The pitman g has cut on its lower side a gain or open mortise, which, when the machine is in operation, rests over the arm m andcauses said arm to vibrate with the motion of said pitman. The arm in is let into an upright rock-shaft, n, (by a mortise and tenou,) which hasits hearings in boxes attached to the frame of the machine, as shown at 0 o, and in the same upright shaft 11 is an arm, 11, (Fig. 1, and also shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2,) which is set at right angles with the arm m, and is secured by means of an oblong slot, (1, to the head of a pin, which passes through the bottom of the seed-box and is secured to the slotted bar F, in the inside of the seed-box, for the purpose of giving motion to said bar F.

As the pitman g is operated by the long crankfitvibrates the arm m, arid by means of the rock-shaft, into which it is framed, communicates a vibratory motion to the slotted bar F by means of the armp and pin, by which they are attached, and thus forces out the grain from the receivers, before described. in regular quantities into the seed-tubes, and thence into the openings iii the ground made by the point of the shoe H, as before described. Extending across the longitudinal timbers of the frame of the machine, in its rear, is a bar, K, having its bearings upon journals resting in said timbers, to which said bar K the shoes H are attached by means of straps L, which straps are attached by rings to the shoe and by a pin or hook to the bar K. On one end of this bar K is a lever, M, which, when the machine is in operation, hangs down, as shown by the black lines in Fig. 3, and when thrown out of gear is raised up and secured by a catch, r, projecting from the seed-box, as shown by red lines in the same figure. By turning the bar K upon its journals, by means of the said' lever M, it raises the shoes up out of the ground, and at same time lifts the pitman 9 off from the arm at and stops the seeding. apparatus, as is fully shown by the red lines in Fig. 3.

The feed-motion is changed by driving the double bolt h backward or forward, which carries the pitman g with it, and by means of the long crank f, before described, and upon which the pitman travels, changes the motion of the arm m, and consequently the motion of the slotted bar F, which forces the seed out of the seed-receiver, as before described. When the pitman is moved at the rear end the opposite end also moves on the long crank and preserves its parallelism at all times and making a regular and continous motion.

The shoes H, &c., are attached to the machine by means of the straps L, before described, on the rear, which allows them to enter the ground the proper distance to open the furrow for the seed, and by arms N in front, which are attached to said shoes by two pins and extend to the front of the frame, where said arms are hinged. Of the two pins which secure the arms N to the shoes, the upper is of iron and the lower one of wood, so that when the shoe strikes against any unyielding substance the wooden pin will break and the shoe swing back on the iron pin, which prevents it from falling out of place and saves the parts from being otherwise injured. The shoe is easily swung back in place and another wooden pin inserted, of which a supply is always carried in the machine. I

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The combination and arrangement of the double bolt h, with its slotted arm k, rockshaft 41., with its arms m and p, and pitman g, for the double purpose of giving motion to the feeding apparatus and also regulating the quantity of seed to be sown when said pitman is operated by a long crank, ,upon which ittravels, as herein fully shown and represented.

MARSHALL J. HUNT.

Witnesses:

EDWIN HAINES,

ELLls P. HOWARD.

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