US667584A - Electric-arc lamp. - Google Patents

Description

No. 667,584. Patented Feb, 5, I901. R. SCHEFBAUER.

ELECTRIC ABC LAMP. (Appliution filed Kay 1, 1900.}

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RUPERT SOHEFBAUER, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE STERLING ARC LAMP COMPANY, OF NEW YORK.

ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 667,584, dated February 5, 1901.

Serial No. 15,130. \No model.)

To all whom, it vita/y concern.-

Be it known that I, RUPERT SGHEFBAUER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State 01" New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to alternating-current arc-lamps.

In alternating current lighting systems wherein the lamps are connected in series from a constant-potential generator it has been customary to use at the station or at a substation a regulating-trainsformer for the purpose of maintaining a constant current notwithstanding variations in the number of lamps in operation from time to time. This regulator is at all times a consumer of power, since it is constantly in circuit whether all the lamps in the circuit are burning or not, and its ohmic resistance, self-induction, &c., are always opposing the electromotive force of the line.

It is therefore the object of my invention to provide a lighting system of this character in which the regulator referred to is not an element and the losses accompanying its use are avoided. I accomplish this by providing each lamp with an inductive-reactance controllerwvhi'ch is normally out of circuit, but which is brought into circuit to perform its function of maintaining a constant current on the line whenever from any cause a lamp is cut out of circuit. In this way when all lamps are burning no losses are sustained, and when one or more lamps are out only such losses are suifered as the inductive-reactance controllers attached to those lamps create.

My inventionconsists of the devices and combinations hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The accompanying drawing illustrates diagrammatically a lamp constructed according to my invention.

The main regulating magnet or solenoid is indicated by A, and the shunt magnet or solenoid by B. These magnets oppose each other in acting upon common cores to a. The cores are connected together by a cross-piece b, from which a connection b leads to a bail c, pivotally hung on the center of a drum 01, over which a carbon-carrying chain 6 passes, The drum contains a clutch mechanism, fully described in Letters Patent 636,358, issued in my name November 7, 1899, to which reference is here made. According to the construction of said clutch the lifting of the bail c after aslight independent movement causes the drum to rot-ate with the bail and so lift the upper carbon to strike the arc. When the bail is lowered, the lug d finally strikes the stop 01 which releases the clutch and allows the carbon to feed downward by its own weight. The cross-piece I) also carries an upwardly-extending rod f, having loosely fitted thereon a conducting-bridge g, located between two stops g and g on the rod, so that the bridge-piece will have a slight movement independent of the rod in order to insure good contact at both ends. The extremities of this bridge-piece are adapted to make contact with two anvils h and h.

I indicates an ind uctive-reactance coil constructed to develop when connected in line a counter electromotive force substantially equal to that consumed by the normal arc.

J is a'hand-switch arranged when in one position to bridge two contacts j and j and when in the other position to engage with a contact j ,One side X of the main circuit leads to the arm j of the hand-switch. From contact j wire 1 leads to contact h, and from contact h a wire 2 leads to one end of the reactive coil 1. From the other end of the said coil a wire 3 leads to the other side of the main circuit, (indicated by Y.) From oontactj Wire 7 leads to wire 2 or that end of coil I to which wire 2 is connected. The shunt-coils B are 0 connected across wires 5 and 6.

The operation is as follows: When the lamp is not burning, the cross-bar b is held in its lowest position by gravity and the carbon electrodes are in contact and cut-out 9 closed. 5 Normally when the lamp is in this condition the switch J is in the position shown in the drawing, the coil I being in parallel with magnet A. When the current is turned on, it will at first flow over the following paths- [00 to wit: from wire X to switch-arm 3' contact j, wire 1, contact h, bridge-piece g, contact h, wire 2, reactive coil l, and wire 3 to the main conductor Y; also,from contactj by wire at to the main coils A, wire 5, through the carbons, and wire (3 to the main conductor Y. Thus the current will be divided between the inductive-reactance coil I and the main coils A, which will allow less than the normal electromotive force in the coils A; but sufficient magnetism will be developed therein to lift the cross-piece h, during which movement the independent motion of the bail 0 will be consumed and the bridge-piece g lifted to open the circuit through coil 1. This allows the full current to flow through the magnet A andthe upper carbon will be lifted at once and the are established by the full electrom otive force and the chattering or hammering of the carbons avoided. The action of the lamp in regulating the arc is then the same as in other lamps of the same class. In case the lamp is cut out by hand by throwing the switch-armj onto the contactj then the circuit of the main magnets A is opened atj and 7" and they are at once denergized and the inductive-reactance coil I is thrown into the main circuit by wire 7. The counter electromotive force of self-induction in the coil I overcomes substantially the same proportion of the voltage of the line as was consumed by the arc when the lamp was burning, so that upon the removal of the lamp from the circuit the coil I will nevertheless keep the current constant in the series circuit and the proper operation of the lamps thereon will continue. In case the arc becomes abnormally long or a carbon breaks or is entirely consumed the shunt-magnet B is strongly energized and pulls down the cross-piece 1) until the bridging-piece g closes the circuit across 7L and h, thus establishing a path for the current through coil I, deenergizing the magnets, and breaking the are. It will therefore be seen that under any condition in which the lamp may be cut out the current will be maintained constant and there will be no losses in the circuit when all lamps are burning.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In an alternating-current arc-lamp, the combination of the regulating-magnets, an inductive reactance, manually-controlled switch, and connections whereby the switch can either cut out the lamp and cut in the inductive reactance, or, throw the lamp and inductive reactance into parallel with each other, substantially as described.

2. In an alternating-current arc-lamp, the combination of the regulating-magnets, an inductive reactance, a hand-operated switch, connections whereby the switch can either cutout the lamp and cut in the inductive reactance, or, throw the lamp and inductive reactance into parallel with each other, and an automatic cut-out in circuit with the inductive reactance and operated by the regulating-magnets, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I subscribe my signature in presence of two witnesses.

RUPERT SOHEFBAUER.

Witnesses:

WM. A. ROSENBAUM, J AS. ALPHONSUS DONNELLY.

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