US659966A

US659966A - Fireproof flooring.

Info

Publication number: US659966A
Application number: US58502696A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lawrence Gustav Hallberg
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1896-03-26
Filing date: 1896-03-26
Publication date: 1900-10-16
Anticipated expiration: 1917-10-16

Description

No. 659,966. Patented 00L I6, |900. L. G. HALLBEBG. FIREPHUF FLDRING.

(Applicatio'n med Mar. 2e, 189e.)

(N0 Model.)

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LAWRENCE GUSTAV HALLBERG, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FIREPROOF FLOORING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 659,966, dated October 16, 1900.

Application filed March 26,1896. Serial No. 585,026. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, LAWRENCE GUsrAv HALLBERG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Fireproof Flooring, which is fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the ac companying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of the skeleton of a portion of a flooring constructed according to one method in which my invention may be carried out. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion of a flooring constructed according to another method in which my invention may be carried out. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the attachment of a beam suspension-rod to a wall. Fig. et is an end elevation of a Wall-anchor for such an attachment. Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4E. Fig. 6 is a Vertical sectional view showing the attachment of a beam suspension-rod to a girder. Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional View showing the attachment of the girder suspension-rods to a column. Fig. 8 is a plan view of such an attachment on the line S 8 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a plan View of the construction shown in skeleton in Fig. 1 iilled in. Fig. 10 is a vertical section on the line 10 10 of Fig. 9. Fig. 1l is a vertical section. on the line 11 11 of Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a vertical sectional view showing the attachment of beam suspension -rods to columns according to the method of construction shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 13 is a plan view of such attachment on the line 13 13 of Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a vertical cross-section on the line la 14 of Fig. 12. Fig. 15 is a vertical section on the line 15 15 of Fig. 2.

It is the object of my invention to construct a iireproof tile flooring requiring the use of few or no steel beams, thereby cheapening the construction and rendering possible the application of reproof flooring to many structures to which the cost has hitherto made it inapplicable. I obtain this result by supporting my floor upon a system of sagged suspension-rods in place of the usual girders or beams, the said suspension-rods being anchored at their ends to the walls of the building, to columns, or to other suitable carryingsupports. These suspensionrods are the fundamental elements in this construction and perform the weight-carrying functions of the ordinary beams or girders. Surrounding these suspension-rods I form a body of concrete or other cementitious material, from which the filling-in material may be more conveniently supported than from the suspension-rods themselves. Moreover, downward pressure upon such concrete bodies produces an outward thrust, which counterbalances and is counterbalanced by the inward tension of the suspension-rods and relieves the carrying-supports from any other than a vertical strain.

I am aware that it has already been proposed to make a compound beam or girder consisting of a concrete body, in the bottom of which, below the neutral line, is disposed a tension strip or rod adapted to give to that part of the beam which is subject to tensile strain that quality in which concrete is defective-namely, resistance to tensile strain. In all of these constructions, so far as I am aware, the tension strip or rod is not anchored to any carrying-support, but is anchored either at the ends or at intermediate points of the concrete beam, which is merely for the purpose of preventing slipping. Not only for this reason is such tension `strip or rod not adapted to carry any weight, but, further, such tension-strip being usually horizontally disposed would be mechanically incapable of carrying weight.

My construction is radically different in that the suspension-rods are the fundamental elements in this construction. They are sagged or bent downward out of a straight line, their ends are anchored, as in all suspension structures, to weight-carrying supports, and these suspension-rods actually carry the weight of the flooring. The concrete in which these rods are embedded performs two functions, which are both subsidiary. The iirst is that of holding apart by its lateral thrust under a weight the supports to which the suspension-rods are secured, so as to counteract the pull of the said suspension-rods upon their supports. The second is to give a surface or body to which the illing-in door material may be secured.

Although in my construction the concrete bodies and the suspension rods do not form ICO compound beams or girders in the sense in which the prior constructions referred to do, nevertheless, for convenience of description, I shall refer to such combinations of the concrete body and the suspension-rod as a beam or girder, as the case may be.

My invention as above outlined I have shown and shall describe as carried out according to two principal alternative forms. In the first of these forms, which I shall des= ignate as the rectangular form, the girders are arranged parallel to each other and the walls of the building and the beams are disposed transversely thereto. In the second of these forms, which I shall designate' as the radial form, the beams radiate out from the supportingcolumns to the columns directly and diagonally opposite and to the Walls of the building. I shall describe first the rectangular form. (Illustrated principally in Figs. 1 to 11, inclusive.)

Referring to the drawings by letter, A designates the wallsA of a building; B, the main girders; C, columns supporting the same, and D suspension-rods, shown in Fig. 1 as secured at one end with the girder B, and at the other end by the anchors E to the wall of the building. I form the girder B by securing one or more suspension-rods B at their opposite ends to the collars C', carried by the column C or anchors B2 in the wall, or both, according to the position of the girder and the building. The suspension-rods B are allowed to take a natural curve downward toward the center of their span. The depth of this curve can be varied at will. Itis of the character mechanically known as the catenary curve, adapted to support a uniform load along its length. Each column C is provided with a pair of brackets C2. I now fill in about the suspension-rods B the body B3 of the girder, using a suitable mold, so that the girder is skewback in cross -section, as seen in Fig. 6. In the upper surface of the girder I partially embed the anchor-strip B4, preferably a T-bar, which serves for the attachment of the ends ot' the suspension-rods D, which are hooked over the flanges of the T-bar, as at d, or secured thereto in any other convenient manner. The anchors E, to which the remaining ends ot the suspension-rods D may be attached or which serve similarly to anchor the ends of the suspension-rods B to the Walls, are embedded in the said walls, as shown in Fig. 3. Each anchor may preferably consist of a single casting, which comprises two vertical pieces E, each provided with a iiange e and connected by the crosspiece E2 and the horizontal piece E2. The suspension-rods are hooked over the pin e', which bears against the Iianges e. Any other form o'f anchor may be employed for the same purpose. The concrete body D of the beam D2 may be formed about each suspension-rod or pair of rods D in the same way as the similar bodies are formed about the girder suspension-rods B, and the intervals between the beams so formed may be Iilled/ in in any one of several ways. In the drawings, particularly in Figs. 9, 10, and 1l, I have shown such filling to consist of iiat-arch tile arched in two directions. Between the adjacent beams D2, I have shown three rows of such tile, the center tile F being the key-tile, the flat-arch tile F' being disposed on each side thereof and supported by the skewback beams D2. It is obvious that a greater number of such rows of tile may be disposed between the adjacent beams D2. The said tile are arched longitudinally, as shown in Fig. 10, as well as transversely, as shown in Fig. 1l. It is further obvious that the fiat arch in this direction may include any desired number of tile.

I shall now describe the second general method of construction, which I have designated as the radial type. According to this system the suspension-rods of the beams are directly supported from columns instead' of from girders, which themselves rest upon columns. Each of the columns L is provided with a circular or polygonal bracket L', which gives a skewback bearing for the concrete body M of the beams h formed upon the suspension-rods M2. The ends of the said suspension-rods are hooked about a collar L2, carriedvby the column L, or are in any other suitable way secured to the said column. I do not herein claim this form ofsupport for the said suspension-rods specifically, since the same has been described and claimed in another pending application, Serial No. 581,902. The floor-space is thus divided up into triangular spaces, which said triangular spaces may be still further divided up, if desired. In these spaces so formed I iill in, preferably with flat-arch tile N, arched in two directions, as already described with reference to the tile F and F.

In Figs. 12, 14, and 15, particularly in Fig. 14, I show a dat protecting-tile O secured beneath the beam M' and adapted to protect the same from excessive heat.

Having so described one or more specific methods in which my invention may be carried out, I do not limit my invention to any of the precise structures so shown or described.

Broadly stated, my invention consists of a system of sagged suspension-rods anchored at their ends to suitable carrying-supports, these suspension-rods supporting and being embedded in cementitions material, forming a body about each rod or pair of rods, and suitable iiooring materiaheither tile,as vshown and described, or other equivalent construction, lling in between the concrete bodies aforesaid.

able carrying-supports, of sagged suspensionrods having their ends secured to said supports, cementitious material filled in about said suspension-rods to form a concrete girder carried thereby,and suitable flooring material filling in between the said concrete girders.

2. In a ooring, the combination with suitable carrying-supports, of sagged suspensionrods having their ends anchored to said supports, cementitious material filled in about said suspension-rods to form aconcrete girder carried thereby, said girder being formed skewbaek in crosslsection, and flat-arched tile keyed to and supported between concrete girders so formed.

3. In a flooring, the combination with suitable carrying-supports, of sagged suspension# rods anchored to said supports, cementitious material filled in about said suspension-rods to form a concrete girder carried thereby, an anchor-strip partially embedded in said concrete girder, suspension-rods secured at one end to said anchor-strip and having their other ends suitably supported, and flooring material held in position by said suspensionrods and concrete girders, substantially as described.

4. In a flooring, the combination with suitable carryingsupports, of sagged suspensionrods anchored to said supports to form a concrete girder, an anchor-strip partially embedded in said concrete girder above the said suspension-rods, a series of similar suspension -rods D, each having one end looped over the edge of said anchor-strip, and their opposite ends suitably supported, and cementitious material filled in and about said latter-named suspension-rods to form a flooring.

5. The suspension-rod anchor comprising the vertical pieces E',strengtheninghanges e, cross'piece E2, and the horizontal piece E3, substantially as shown and described.

0. In a flooring, the column L; the skewback bracket L'; the suspension-rods M2 anchored to the column; the concrete body M surrounding the said suspension-rod M2 and bearing against the skewback bracket L g and suitable filling material filling in between the beams so formed.

7. In a flooring, the stationary suspensionrod anchor comprising the vert-ical pieces E', havinglateral strengthening-flanges e, pin c', cross-piece E2, and `forWardly-extending horizontal piece E3, in combination With the suspension-rod B,having its end hooked over the said pin e', substantially as described.

8. In a flooring, the column C, the skewback bracket O2, the suspension-rods B', anchored to the column, the concrete body B3, surrounding the said suspension-rods and bearing against the said skewback bracket C2, and suitable lling material filling in the space between the beams so formed.

9. In a iiooring, the columns C, having skewback brackets C2 secured thereto, suspension-rods B anchored to the columns, and the concrete body B3 surrounding the said suspension rods and bearing against the skewback brackets to form a concrete grder, an anchor-strip B4 partially embedded inthe said concrete girder above the rods B', suspension-rods D, having their ends attached to the said anchor-strips and to other anchors in the Wall or adjacent girder, and a suitable filling material, filling in the space between the beams so formed.

L. GUSTAV I-IALLBERG.

Vitnesses:

HENRY GORDON STRONG, A. A. MURRAY.