US5033057A - Pump steering mirror cavity - Google Patents
Pump steering mirror cavity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5033057A US5033057A US07/455,179 US45517989A US5033057A US 5033057 A US5033057 A US 5033057A US 45517989 A US45517989 A US 45517989A US 5033057 A US5033057 A US 5033057A
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- Prior art keywords
- cavity
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- pump
- crystal
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- QBLDFAIABQKINO-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium borate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]B=O.[O-]B=O QBLDFAIABQKINO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XBJJRSFLZVLCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);diborate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] XBJJRSFLZVLCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910019655 synthetic inorganic crystalline material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/39—Non-linear optics for parametric generation or amplification of light, infrared or ultraviolet waves
Definitions
- the present invention relates, in general, to singly resonant optical parametric oscillators (OPO), and more particularly to continuously tunable, high power OPOs incorporating a pair of pump steering mirrors for introducing a pumping input signal into the oscillator cavity and for directing the pumping signal out of the cavity.
- OPO optical parametric oscillators
- the optical parametric oscillator has long been known as a high power, broadly tunable source of coherent radiation.
- the development of the OPO has been hampered by a scarcity of nonlinear optical materials possessing suitable optical and mechanical characteristics, low-temperature phase barium metaborate ( ⁇ -BaB 2 O 4 ), a recently developed nonlinear optical material with excellent deep ultraviolet transparency, has created a resurgence of interest in the OPO.
- beta barium metaborate (BBO) optical parametric oscillators pumped at 308 nm and 355 nm have been reported to generate light at wavelengths from 0.422 to 1.68 micrometers.
- BBO crystals have a broad transparency, a large optical nonlinearity, large birefringence, and a high fracture temperature. Furthermore, BBO crystals have a high optical damage threshold, and thus are capable of handling relatively high optical power.
- the mirrors used to define the cavity in an optical parametric oscillator must meet stringent requirements, and with the use of a BBO crystal, the mirrors become the limiting factor in the available power level. Thus, if an OPO is pumped by an input beam having a wavelength of 226 nm, severe demands are placed on conventional linear cavity OPO mirrors, particularly if a broad tuning range is to be achieved.
- Thick coatings tend to be mechanically weak and are far less resistant to optical damage. Furthermore, since ultraviolet signals are very energetic short waves, such thick coatings present serious difficulties in broadband oscillators and severely limit their operation. Thus, a compromise must be made in conventional systems between damage threshold and the number of mirrors used to cover the tuning range of an OPO.
- any dielectric mirror which efficiently reflects a given wavelength must also reflect its odd harmonics as well, since all of these wavelengths interfere constructively in the oscillator cavity. This implies that certain wavelengths cannot be resonated in the cavity without seriously compromising the transmission at the pump wavelength. For a pump signal of 266 nm, for example, wavelengths of 0.798 and 1.33 micrometers cannot be resonated. Thus, the flexibility and tunability of an optical parametric oscillator is severely compromised by conventional cavity designs. These problems have made it particularly difficult to produce light in the 0.300-0.400 micrometer range.
- the present invention overcomes the problems associated with conventional cavity designs by providing two separate pairs of mirrors in the cavity, thereby simplifying the construction of the mirrors while providing an oscillator which operates reliably in the ultraviolet, visible and near infrared wavelength regions.
- an oscillator which is tunable in the difficult range of 0.300-0.400 micrometer range is provided. This improved operation is obtained with standard, commercially available mirrors, thereby reducing the cost of the mirrors by about an order of magnitude.
- a broadly tunable optical parametric oscillator is constructed utilizing a rotatable nonlinear crystal mounted in a cavity, the ends of the cavity being defined by a pair of spaced OPO resonator mirrors having parallel facing reflective surfaces aligned on the axis of the cavity.
- a pair of pump steering mirrors are mounted in the cavity between the crystal and the respective cavity end mirrors and are set at Brewster's angle with respect to the cavity axis.
- These pump steering mirrors are standard, commercially available 45° incidence high reflectors (in excess of 98%) for the pumping wavelength, which may be 266 nm, for example.
- Such a mirror is selected to transmit well at the oscillator wavelengths of interest, particularly at wavelengths longer than 0.30 micrometers and typically up to about 2.2 micrometers.
- the long wavelength cutoff for a typical mirror is due to absorption by the fused silica substrate on which the mirror coatings are formed.
- the extraordinary pump beam is s polarized and directed onto the surface of one of the pump steering mirrors at Brewsters angle.
- This beam is directed by the mirror along the axis of the cavity through the crystal and to the second pump steering mirror, which directs the pump beam out of the cavity.
- the ordinary signal and idler beams produced by the nonlinear crystal are p polarized and are transmitted through the two pump steering mirrors to the respective cavity end mirrors, this transmission taking advantage of the high transmission at Brewster's angle of the steering mirrors at the signal and idler wavelengths.
- the cavity mirrors produce oscillation in the device, with no high power filters being required to separate the OPO output from the pump signal.
- the pump beam is p polarized.
- the same resonant cavity mirrors can be used for a variety of pump wavelengths, and concave cavity mirrors can be used without affecting the collimation of the pump beam.
- the present construction eliminates the need for intracavity pump beam shaping optics.
- this construction has the advantage that it facilitates the use of linewidth narrowing elements such as gratings, prisms and etalons in the cavity.
- the oscillator of the present invention is capable of producing parametric oscillation in the 0.300-0.400 micrometer range, a region where other sources of tunable radiation are less efficient and more cumbersome to use.
- the oscillator when pumped at 266 nm, was continuously tunable over the range of 0.33-1.37 micrometer using a single beta barium metaborate crystal.
- the OPO device utilizing the cavity design of the present invention was capable of producing radiation throughout the visible and near infrared, while greatly reducing the severe requirements placed upon conventional OPO cavity mirrors.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a broadly tunable, high power optical parametric oscillator in accordance with the present invention
- FIGS. 2A-2F are graphical illustrations of the transmittance characteristics of mirrors used in an OPO in accordance with FIG. 1 and pumped at a wavelength of 266 nm;
- FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the tuning curve of a beta barium metaborate optical parametric oscillator pumped at 266 nm.
- FIG. 1 an optical parametric oscillator 10 including an optical cavity 12 defined at its opposite ends by a pair of cavity mirrors 14 and 16 having facing reflective parallel or slightly concave surfaces 18 and 20, respectively, in conventional optical parametric oscillator configuration.
- the mirrors are mounted with their faces perpendicular to the cavity axis 22.
- Mounted in the cavity 12 between mirrors 14 and 16 and on the axis 22 is a nonlinear optical crystal 24.
- the crystal is mounted for rotation about its crystallographic x axis 26 to provide tunability for the oscillator.
- the crystal 24 is a beta barium metaborate ( ⁇ -BaB 2 O 4 ) crystal.
- the crystal was a type-I OPO crystal at 39.1° with approximately a 12 ⁇ 6 mm 2 aperture and an interaction length 1 of 20.5 mm. The crystal faces were uncoated. Details of the growth and characterization of such crystals are described in the aforesaid U.S. application Ser. No. 07/379,781.
- the oscillator 10 is pumped by a source 28, which preferably is a commercially available Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser.
- the pumping pulse 30 from source 28 was the fourth harmonic of the laser output, with a diameter of 1.66 mm and a pulse duration of 9 ns.
- the pump beam 30 is directed into the oscillator cavity 12 to a first pump steering mirror 32 at Brewster's angle ⁇ B with respect to the surface 34 of the mirror.
- Mirror 32 is located in cavity 12 and is set at Brewster's angle with respect to the cavity axis 22, so that the pump beam 30 is directed along axis 22 to the crystal 24.
- the mirror 32 is a standard, commercially available 45° incidence mirror, with its reflective surface 34 being greater than 98% reflective at the pumping wavelength of 266 nm.
- the mirror surface 34 is transmissive at the parametrically generated oscillator output beam wavelengths of interest, in particular at wavelengths longer than 0.30 micrometers. Typically, such a mirror may be transmissive at wavelengths up to about 2.2 micrometers, where the absorption of infrared by the fused silica substrate for the mirror cuts off the transmissivity.
- the pump beam 30 is directed by mirror 32 along axis 22 to a first end 36 of crystal 24, passes through the crystal and exits from the second end 38 thereof.
- the pump beam strikes a second pump steering mirror 40 which is similar to mirror 32, with its face 42 also set at Brewster's angle with respect to the axis 22.
- the face 42 is highly reflective at the pumping pulse wavelength, and deflects beam 30 out of cavity 12, while being transmissive at the parametrically generated wavelengths of interest.
- the pumping beam 30 produces optical parametric luminescence and frequency conversion in crystal 24 at wavelengths which depend upon the rotational angle of the crystal about its axis 26.
- This luminescence is emitted from the ends 36 and 38 of the crystal 24 along cavity axis 22 as signal and idler beams, generally indicated at 44.
- These beams are transmitted through the steering mirrors 32 and 40 for reflection from OPO mirrors 14 and 16 back to the crystal to produce parametric oscillation.
- One or both of the cavity mirrors 14 and 16 may be partially transmissive to provide signal and idler output signals from the cavity, as generally indicated by parametrically generated oscillator output beams 46. These output beams will be at the selected wavelengths of interest, dependent upon the tuning position of the crystal.
- the extraordinary pump pulse is S polarized, as indicated at 50, so that the ordinary and idler beams 44 will be p polarized, as indicated at 52, to take advantage of the high transmission of steering mirrors 32 and 40 at Brewster's angle.
- the entire tuning range of the oscillator can be produced with five pairs of inexpensive, commercially available high reflectors serving as the cavity resonator mirrors.
- the transmission spectra of examples of such mirrors are illustrated as graphs b-f in FIGS. 2B-2F, respectively. Selected pairs of mirrors are used in combination with a pair of pump steering mirrors having the transmission spectrum illustrated in FIG. 2A to provide the complete tuning range of the oscillator.
- the illustrated spectra are for mirrors used with a 266 nm pumped OPO.
- the scale on the vertical axis for each individual Figure is from 0% to 100% transmittance, while the horizontal axis is the wavelength of the signal or idler beam in nanometers.
- the reflectivity peaks illustrated at 54, 56, 58, 60, 62 and 64 in FIGS. 2A-2F, respectively, for the transmissivity curves a-f, for all mirrors are better than 95%.
- the low transmittance shown in FIGS. 2E and 2F near the short wavelength range (200-300 nm) is due to the ultraviolet absorption of the mirror substrate.
- pairs of the mirrors of each of FIGS. 2B, 2C and 2D were used as the cavity mirrors 14 and 16, and each pair was found to satisfy the conditions for singly resonant oscillation of the signal branch of beam 44 to produce the indicated output wavelength.
- the mirror of FIG. 2F satisfied the conditions for singly resonant oscillation of the idler branch of beam 44.
- the signal branch denotes the shorter wavelength output from the crystal 24.
- the mirrors having the spectrum of FIG. 2E had their range of high reflectivity near the degenerate point, and caused doubly resonant oscillation by reflecting both the signal and the idler branches over a narrow wavelength range. These mirrors each have a relatively narrow band of reflection and were used for testing the present invention.
- broadband reflectors specifically designed for the range of wavelengths of interest with the present oscillator will permit the use of fewer pairs of the mirrors 14 and 16, and it is anticipated that by careful design one or two pairs of mirrors will provide oscillation in the cavity 12 over the entire tunable wavelength range of the OPO.
- the tuning curve of the OPO 10 was measured by operating the device with the crystal 24 attached to a calibrated rotation mount for rotation about axis 26.
- the wavelengths of the OPO outputs 46 were measured with a 0.2 m double monochromator as the crystal was rotated and as various cavity mirrors were used.
- the angle between the crystal face 36 normal and the internal optic axis of the crystal was calibrated.
- the measured tuning curve for the type I, 266 nm pumped ⁇ -BaB 2 O 4 OPO is shown in FIG. 3 along with the theoretical curve calculated from published Sellmeier equations.
- the output wavelengths obtained using the cavity resonator mirrors of FIG. 2B are indicated by diamonds 66; the outputs produced by the cavity resonator mirrors of FIG.
- the solid line 76 is the theoretical curve. Wavelengths of 0.33-1.37 micrometers were produced over the internal angular range of 36.5°-47.5°, requiring an external angular rotation about axis 26 of 18.5°
- the oscillation threshold in the test device was measured to be about 4.5 mJ/pulse, which corresponds to an intensity of about 23 Mw/cm 2 .
- the threshold energy per unit area is inversely related to the square of the beam diameter where the effective crystal length is limited by walkoff. This implies that the threshold energy per pulse does not depend on beam size. This was experimentally verified with a 0.8 mm diameter beam and the oscillation energy threshold was again found to be 4.5 mJ/pulse, though the intensity was four times higher. Since the observed optical damage threshold of the mirrors depends on intensity rather than energy, the beam diameter must be increased until the effective walkoff length is equal to the full length of the crystal to obtain maximum efficiency.
- the efficiency of the device was limited by optical damage to the pump optics and by the conversion efficiency of the 266 nm radiation into the far field.
- the surface damage threshold of the crystal 24 at 266 nm was found to be at least as high as 120 Mw/cm 2 . At no time during the experimental tests of the present invention did the crystal 24 exhibit any signs of damage, even after long periods of irradiation at this intensity.
- the oscillator cavity has two separate pairs of mirrors, thus simplifying the coatings required, and allowing the use of commercially available highly reflective mirrors in the cavity and simple aluminized plate glass mirrors as the cavity mirrors.
- a pair of pump steering mirrors lengthens the cavity and thereby increases the oscillation threshold, this design provides a good compromise in view of the limitations imposed in current oscillators by the optical damage caused in current mirror coatings.
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US07/455,179 US5033057A (en) | 1989-12-22 | 1989-12-22 | Pump steering mirror cavity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US07/455,179 US5033057A (en) | 1989-12-22 | 1989-12-22 | Pump steering mirror cavity |
Publications (1)
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US5033057A true US5033057A (en) | 1991-07-16 |
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US07/455,179 Expired - Lifetime US5033057A (en) | 1989-12-22 | 1989-12-22 | Pump steering mirror cavity |
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Cited By (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5136597A (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-08-04 | Coherent, Inc. | Poynting vector walk-off compensation in type ii phasematching |
US5159487A (en) * | 1991-05-29 | 1992-10-27 | Lasen, Inc. | Optical parametric oscillator OPO having a variable line narrowed output |
GB2257262A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1993-01-06 | Amoco Corp | Tunable pulsed single longitudinal mode optical parametric oscillator |
US5195104A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1993-03-16 | Lasen, Inc. | Internally stimulated optical parametric oscillator/laser |
US5276548A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1994-01-04 | Eli Margalith | Ring cavity optical parametric apparatus |
US5296960A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-03-22 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Intracavity-doubled tunable optical parametric oscillator |
US5351251A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-09-27 | Carl Zeiss, Inc. | Laser apparatus |
US5371752A (en) * | 1993-05-03 | 1994-12-06 | Powers; Peter E. | Optical parametric oscillation using KTA nonlinear crystals |
US5377043A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1994-12-27 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Ti:sapphire-pumped high repetition rate femtosecond optical parametric oscillator |
FR2709381A1 (en) * | 1993-08-24 | 1995-03-03 | Spectra Physics Lasers Inc | Parametric optical oscillator with unstable resonant cavity. |
US5406408A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1995-04-11 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Intracavity-doubled tunable optical parametric oscillator |
FR2718256A1 (en) * | 1994-03-30 | 1995-10-06 | Hoya Corp | Optical parametric oscillator at BBO with narrow line width using extraordinary resonance. |
US5457707A (en) * | 1993-08-24 | 1995-10-10 | Spectra-Physics Lasers, Inc. | Master optical parametric oscillator/power optical parametric oscillator |
GB2293872A (en) * | 1994-10-08 | 1996-04-10 | Ian Reid Lewis | Apparatus for emitting a beam of radiation |
FR2726662A1 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-05-10 | Bm Ind | Optical pulse generator e.g. for high energy laser application |
US5579152A (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1996-11-26 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Tunable optical parametric oscillator |
DE19512984A1 (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1997-01-09 | Lambda Physik Gmbh | Tunable optical parametric oscillator |
US5663973A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-09-02 | Lambda Physik Gesellschaft Zur Herstellung Von Lasern Mbh | Tunable narrowband source of a coherent radiation |
US5671241A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1997-09-23 | Lambda Physik Gesellschaft Zur Herstelling Von Lasern Mgh | Tunable source of narrowband coherent radiation |
DE19634161A1 (en) * | 1996-08-23 | 1998-02-26 | Lambda Physik Gmbh | Narrow bandwidth coherent emission setting method for optical parametric oscillator |
US5841570A (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 1998-11-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Frequency agile optical parametric oscillator |
DE19742362A1 (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-15 | Richard Prof Dr Wallenstein | Optical parametric oscillator |
US5995522A (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 1999-11-30 | Office National D'etudes Et De Recherches Aerospaxiales Conera | Pulsed optical parametric oscillator |
US6101023A (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2000-08-08 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Line periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) optical parametric oscillator (OPO-DFG-OPO) with common doubly resonant cavity |
US6282014B1 (en) | 1999-06-09 | 2001-08-28 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Cascade optical parametric oscillator for down-conversion |
US6320886B1 (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 2001-11-20 | The Secretary Of Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britian And Northern Ireland | Laser device |
US20030091073A1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2003-05-15 | Hunt Jeffrey H. | Active optical system for beam-steering a laser beam |
US6608852B2 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2003-08-19 | Lameda Physik Ag | Gain module for diode-pumped solid state laser and amplifier |
US6614584B1 (en) | 2000-02-25 | 2003-09-02 | Lambda Physik Ag | Laser frequency converter with automatic phase matching adjustment |
US6650682B1 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2003-11-18 | University Of New Mexico | Bi-directional short pulse ring laser |
US6697391B2 (en) | 2002-03-28 | 2004-02-24 | Lightwave Electronics | Intracavity resonantly enhanced fourth-harmonic generation using uncoated brewster surfaces |
US20140063592A1 (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2014-03-06 | Nec Laboratories America, Inc. | 6x28-Gbaud Few-Mode Fiber Recirculating Loop Transmission with Gain-Equalized Inline Few-Mode Fiber Amplifier |
US9036250B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2015-05-19 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Walk-off compensator with tilt function |
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Cited By (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5136597A (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-08-04 | Coherent, Inc. | Poynting vector walk-off compensation in type ii phasematching |
GB2257262B (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1995-11-01 | Amoco Corp | Tunable pulsed single longitudinal mode optical parametric oscillator |
GB2257262A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1993-01-06 | Amoco Corp | Tunable pulsed single longitudinal mode optical parametric oscillator |
US5235456A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1993-08-10 | Amoco Corporation | Tunable pulsed single longitudinal mode optical parametric oscillator |
US5159487A (en) * | 1991-05-29 | 1992-10-27 | Lasen, Inc. | Optical parametric oscillator OPO having a variable line narrowed output |
US5195104A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1993-03-16 | Lasen, Inc. | Internally stimulated optical parametric oscillator/laser |
US5291503A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1994-03-01 | Lasen, Inc. | Internally stimulated optical parametric oscillator/laser |
US5377043A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1994-12-27 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Ti:sapphire-pumped high repetition rate femtosecond optical parametric oscillator |
US5276548A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1994-01-04 | Eli Margalith | Ring cavity optical parametric apparatus |
US5296960A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-03-22 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Intracavity-doubled tunable optical parametric oscillator |
US5406408A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1995-04-11 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Intracavity-doubled tunable optical parametric oscillator |
US5351251A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-09-27 | Carl Zeiss, Inc. | Laser apparatus |
US5371752A (en) * | 1993-05-03 | 1994-12-06 | Powers; Peter E. | Optical parametric oscillation using KTA nonlinear crystals |
US5457707A (en) * | 1993-08-24 | 1995-10-10 | Spectra-Physics Lasers, Inc. | Master optical parametric oscillator/power optical parametric oscillator |
FR2709381A1 (en) * | 1993-08-24 | 1995-03-03 | Spectra Physics Lasers Inc | Parametric optical oscillator with unstable resonant cavity. |
US5579152A (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1996-11-26 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Tunable optical parametric oscillator |
FR2718256A1 (en) * | 1994-03-30 | 1995-10-06 | Hoya Corp | Optical parametric oscillator at BBO with narrow line width using extraordinary resonance. |
US5594592A (en) * | 1994-03-30 | 1997-01-14 | Harlamoff; Brian L. | Narrow linewidth BBO optical parametric oscillator utilizing extraordinary resonance |
GB2293872A (en) * | 1994-10-08 | 1996-04-10 | Ian Reid Lewis | Apparatus for emitting a beam of radiation |
FR2726662A1 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-05-10 | Bm Ind | Optical pulse generator e.g. for high energy laser application |
DE19512984A1 (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1997-01-09 | Lambda Physik Gmbh | Tunable optical parametric oscillator |
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