US3835294A - High pressure electric fluid heater - Google Patents
High pressure electric fluid heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3835294A US3835294A US00348484A US34848473A US3835294A US 3835294 A US3835294 A US 3835294A US 00348484 A US00348484 A US 00348484A US 34848473 A US34848473 A US 34848473A US 3835294 A US3835294 A US 3835294A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- core
- cover
- heater
- heating element
- passageway
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007592 spray painting technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
- F24H1/121—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium using electric energy supply
Definitions
- Appl' 348484 A compact and easily cleaned high pressure heater for V paint and the like includes a cylindrical core having a [52] US. Cl 219/305, 219/302, 219/308, on inuous piral groove in the outer surface. A cylin- 219/330, 219/379, 219/517, 239/135 drical cover having open ends is disposed around and [51] Int.
- warm or hot spray materials has several advantages, including lower viscosity for uniform flow of materials, fast drying or curing time, ability to increase solids content, and lower pressures required to generate the desired spray. A minimum spray pressure also results in reductions in overspray and material waste.
- the present invention contemplates a heater in which the heated passage is constructed in two parts, one part being separable from the other to openly expose the passage and greatly facilitate cleaning.
- the first part has a selfcontained heating element and an outer surface containing a continuous spiral groove.
- the second part is slidably fitted over the first part to form a continuous spiral passageway with said groove, the spiral configuration serving to heat the paint unifonnly during its passage therethrough.
- the second outer part is easily removed from the grooved part to allow for complete and thorough cleaning of the groove.
- the mechanical force applied during removal of the outer part serves to scrape clean the interior wall of the outer part and the outer surfaces of the inner part.
- the heater of the invention comprises a cylindrical core, an electrical heating element enclosed by the core and having a pair of leads adapted to be connected to a power supply, a continuous spiral groove in the outer surface of the core, a cylindrical cover having open ends disposed around the core to define a spiral passageway, an inlet and outlet at respective ends of the cover, a control box secured to one end of the core and abutting one end of the cover, a cap removably secured to the other end of the core and holdv ing the cover in abutment with the control box, a pair of current limiting fuses connected in series with re spective leads of the heating element, a heat sensitive fuse connected to the heater, and a thermostat.
- the heater is also constructed towithstand high pressures in the order of up to 3000 psi to accommodate its use in hydraulic or so-called airless spraying or pouring systems, especially for plastics and resins.
- FIG. I is a vertical longitudinal section of the heaterof the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the heater
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrical circuit of the heater.
- the heater assembly is generally of compact, elongate rectangular shape having a heater section 10 with a control box 12 secured at one end thereof.
- the entire unit may be mounted on its own chassis, or on a pump mechanism, or at a fixed or portable location between the pump and a spray gun.
- the heater section 10 comprises an elongate central cylindrical core 14, preferably composed of aluminum.
- An axial cavity 16 is provided within the core 14, the end of said cavity remote from the control box 12 being closed by a threaded plug 18.
- the outer cylindrical surface of the core has a spiral or helical groove 20 extending substantially from one end of the core to the other.
- the core 14 has a second longitudinal axial cavity 22 therein located between the first cavity 16 and the bottom of the groove 20, said second cavity extending from approximately midway of the length of the core to the end thereof adjacent the control box 12.
- the core 14 and the control box 12 are secured together from within said control box by bolts, such as 24 (FIG. 2), and the control box has an opening 26 sufficiently large toencompass the open ends of the cavities 16 and 22.
- the control box 12 and the core 14 comprise an integrated unit in normal use of the heater.
- the control box 12 contains a power switch 27 operated by an external handle 28, an off-on indicator light 29 and a thermostat 30 which is adjustable by an external knob 32 to regulate the temperature of the heating section.
- a temperature sensing probe 34 is disposed in the second cavity 22 and leads through the control box opening 26 to the thermostat 30.
- a resistance heating element 36 having a rating in the order of 2250 watts at is disposed in the first cavity 16 and extends the entire length thereof. The leads of said element extend into the control box through the opening 26 and are connected to a source of electrical current through the power switch 27 and the thermostat 30.
- FIG. 3 The electrical wiring diagram for the heater is shown in FIG. 3.
- One lead of the heating element 36 is connected through the thermostat 30 to the switch 27, and the other lead is connected through a thermal fuse H to the switch, the indicator light 29 being connected in parallel with the element 36.
- the current limiting fuses I1 and I2 protect the heater from excessive current draw, especially in the event of a short circuit at either end of the 220 volt heater element 36. Specifically, a poor or broken connection at either end of the heater could result in a l 10 volt short circuit to ground, and thus a hazardous condition especially in the environment of paints. Also, the heater is frequently combined with an electric pump and one or more additional heaters in a common system, in which event a short circuit could feasibly draw as much as 50 ampers when the remainder of the equipment is not operating but the main system is on. Thus,
- the thermal or heat limiting fuse H is imbedded in the metal body of the heater at a location to immediately sense any condition of excessive heating, such as might result from malfunction of the thermostat, thereby to protect the heater from burning itself out.
- the three fuses are preferably of the delay type so as not to respond to a mere serge of current or heat, but promptly to respond to the'conditions to be guarded against.
- a body or cover 38 of generally rectangular block form, suitably composed of aluminum, and having an internal cylindrical base is slidably but snugly fitted over the cylindrical surface of the core 14 and is retained thereon by an end cap 40, which is sealed against the cover and core by a follower ring 42 compressing a teflon seal 44 and secured thereto by bolts 46 passing through the cap into the body of the core.
- the internal cylindrical surface of the cover 38 together with the cylindrical surface and helical groove 20 of the core define a continuous helical passageway around the heated core from one end thereof to the other.
- An inlet fitting 48 (FIG. 2) is provided in the side of the cover 38 at the free end of the heating section in communication with one end of the helical groove, said inlet normally being connected to a pump (not shown) for supplying paint or other liquid under pressure.
- An outlet fitting 50 (FIG. 2) is provided in the side of the cover at the other end of theheating section in communication with the other end of the groove, said outlet being normally connected to a spray or pouring gun or other application device (not shown).
- a thermometer 52 may also be secured on the cover 38 with a probe extending into the groove to indicate the temperature of the liquid passing therethrough.
- An important feature of the present invention is the arrangement of the heating components in a compact yet safe manner to minimize the danger of explosion.
- the core 14 surrounds the heating element 36 and is an integrated part of the control box 12, thereby effectively isolating the flow of flammable materials from possible contact with the electrical components.
- paint or other material enters at the inlet 48, flows around the helical passageway where it is uniformly heated to the desired temperature, and the paint then flows out of the outlet to a spray gun or other applicator.
- the heater passageway may be cleaned very easily and simply by removing the thermometer 52 and the end cap 40, and then drawing the cover 38off of the core 14, thereby completely exposingthe helical groove 20 and any coagulated material therein.
- a heater for heating fluid materials passing therethrough comprising a cylindrical core, an electrical heating element enclosed by said core and having a pair of leads adapted to be connected to a power supply for energizing the heating element, a continuous spiral groove in the outer surface of said core, a cylindrical cover having open endsdisposed around and in axially slidable engagement with the cylindrical surface of said core, said cover and said groove defining a closed ended spiral passageway for fluid materials, inlet means in said cover at one end thereof communicating with one end of said passageway, outlet means in said cover at the other end thereof communicating with the other end of said passageway, a control box secured to one end of the core and having an annular abutment facing said cover, a cap removably secured to the other end of said core and covering an open end of said cover, said cover having its other end held in engagement by said cap with said annular abutment and being removable from said core upon removal of said cap, a pair of current limiting fuses connected in series with respective leads of said heating element, temperature responsive fuse means located in
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
A compact and easily cleaned high pressure heater for paint and the like includes a cylindrical core having a continuous spiral groove in the outer surface. A cylindrical cover having open ends is disposed around and in axially slidable engagement with the core to define with the groove a closed end spiral passageway. A fluid inlet and outlet to the passageway are provided at opposite ends of the cover and the cover is held between a removable end cap secured to one end of the core and a control box attached to the other end thereof. An electric heating element is enclosed in the core and has a pair of leads adapted for connection to a power supply. A thermostat having a sensing element disposed in the core is located in the control box. A current limiting fuse is provided in each of the heater leads and a thermal fuse is provided to protect the heater in the event the thermostat should fail.
Description
United States Patent 1191 Krohn et a1.
1111 3,835,294 [451 Sept. 10, 1974 HIGH PRESSURE ELECTRIC FLUID 3,584,194 6/1971 Kautz et a1 219/302 X HEATER 3,614,385 10/1971 l-lorstmann 219/303 3,665,156 5/1972 Lee 219/322 X [75] Inventors: Duane D. Krohn; Samuel W.
Culbertson, both Of Arvada, Primary Bartis [73] Assignee: Binks Manufacturing Company, Attorney, 8 y1 Juettnef, 6 &
Franklin Park, 111. cullinan [22] Filed. Apr. 6, 1973 ABSTRACT [21] Appl' 348484 A compact and easily cleaned high pressure heater for V paint and the like includes a cylindrical core having a [52] US. Cl 219/305, 219/302, 219/308, on inuous piral groove in the outer surface. A cylin- 219/330, 219/379, 219/517, 239/135 drical cover having open ends is disposed around and [51] Int. Cl 1105b 1/02, BOSb 1/24, F24h 1/ 12 in axially slidable engagement with the core to define [58] Field of Search 219/517, 330, 296-299, wi h he groove a closed end spiral passageway. A 219/302-309, 373, 380, 379; 239/133, 134, fluid inlet and outlet to the passageway are provided 135; 165/156 at opposite ends of the cover and the cover is held bev tween a removable end cap secured to one end of the [56] References Cited core and a control box attached to the other end UNITED STATES PATENTS thereof. An electric heating element is enclosed in the l 355 838 10,1920 McLean 219/305 x core and has a pair of leads adapted for connection to 1:671:67? 5/1928 14661611..II:IIIIIIIIIIIIIII.... 219/306 a SupplY: A thermos? having a Sensing 2,294,578 9/1947 Shapiro et a1" 219/305 X ment dlsposed 1n the core is located in the control 2,412,737 12/1946 Kercher 219/517 x A current limiting fuse is Provided in each of the 2,576,558 11/1951 Bede 219/305 X heater leads and a thermal fuse is provided to protect 2,775,683 12/1956 Kleist 219/ 305 X the heater in the event the thermostat should fail. 2,866,885 12/1958 Mcllrath 219/517 X 3,096,426 7/1963 Axelson 219/305 1 (318111113 Drawmg Figures E /,1/ 1 g 4 -2 71* 1' 'l r h 'fi'l "1 'I I- x N E 1 1 AV 4 4 20 f6 91 22 2a 27 FUJE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the art of spray painting, it is known to provide a heater between the pump and the spray gun to raise the temperature of the material being sprayed. The use of warm or hot spray materials has several advantages, including lower viscosity for uniform flow of materials, fast drying or curing time, ability to increase solids content, and lower pressures required to generate the desired spray. A minimum spray pressure also results in reductions in overspray and material waste.
Normal operating procedures for heaters of this nature require that the heater be drained and flushed with a suitable solvent immediately after use, in order to prevent coagulation or hardening of the paint within the heater. The danger of coagulation and blockage is particularly severe in a heated passage, even over limited periods of time. Negligence on the part of the operator, power failure or malfunction of any one component of the equipment may result in entrappment and coagulation of paint within the passages of the heater, thereby necessitating disassembly of the heater and reaming of its passages.
Many prior art heaters comprise a length of tube embedded in a heated block, or similar inaccessible passages, which make the removal of coagulated paint difficult if not impossible.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention contemplates a heater in which the heated passage is constructed in two parts, one part being separable from the other to openly expose the passage and greatly facilitate cleaning. In the preferred embodiment, the first part has a selfcontained heating element and an outer surface containing a continuous spiral groove. The second part is slidably fitted over the first part to form a continuous spiral passageway with said groove, the spiral configuration serving to heat the paint unifonnly during its passage therethrough.
If the heater passageway should become blocked or clogged with coagulated paint, the second outer part is easily removed from the grooved part to allow for complete and thorough cleaning of the groove. The mechanical force applied during removal of the outer part serves to scrape clean the interior wall of the outer part and the outer surfaces of the inner part.
More specifically, the heater of the invention comprises a cylindrical core, an electrical heating element enclosed by the core and having a pair of leads adapted to be connected to a power supply, a continuous spiral groove in the outer surface of the core, a cylindrical cover having open ends disposed around the core to define a spiral passageway, an inlet and outlet at respective ends of the cover, a control box secured to one end of the core and abutting one end of the cover, a cap removably secured to the other end of the core and holdv ing the cover in abutment with the control box, a pair of current limiting fuses connected in series with re spective leads of the heating element, a heat sensitive fuse connected to the heater, and a thermostat.
The heater is also constructed towithstand high pressures in the order of up to 3000 psi to accommodate its use in hydraulic or so-called airless spraying or pouring systems, especially for plastics and resins.
Complete safety is assured by the provision of current limiting fuses in both leads to the heater element, a temperature limiting fuses imbedded in the body of the heater, and the thermostat.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description.
THE DRAWINGS FIG. I is a vertical longitudinal section of the heaterof the invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the heater; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrical circuit of the heater.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heater assembly is generally of compact, elongate rectangular shape having a heater section 10 with a control box 12 secured at one end thereof. The entire unit may be mounted on its own chassis, or on a pump mechanism, or at a fixed or portable location between the pump and a spray gun.
The heater section 10 comprises an elongate central cylindrical core 14, preferably composed of aluminum. An axial cavity 16 is provided within the core 14, the end of said cavity remote from the control box 12 being closed by a threaded plug 18. The outer cylindrical surface of the core has a spiral or helical groove 20 extending substantially from one end of the core to the other. The core 14 has a second longitudinal axial cavity 22 therein located between the first cavity 16 and the bottom of the groove 20, said second cavity extending from approximately midway of the length of the core to the end thereof adjacent the control box 12. The core 14 and the control box 12 are secured together from within said control box by bolts, such as 24 (FIG. 2), and the control box has an opening 26 sufficiently large toencompass the open ends of the cavities 16 and 22.
The control box 12 and the core 14 comprise an integrated unit in normal use of the heater. The control box 12 contains a power switch 27 operated by an external handle 28, an off-on indicator light 29 and a thermostat 30 which is adjustable by an external knob 32 to regulate the temperature of the heating section. A temperature sensing probe 34 is disposed in the second cavity 22 and leads through the control box opening 26 to the thermostat 30. A resistance heating element 36, having a rating in the order of 2250 watts at is disposed in the first cavity 16 and extends the entire length thereof. The leads of said element extend into the control box through the opening 26 and are connected to a source of electrical current through the power switch 27 and the thermostat 30.
The electrical wiring diagram for the heater is shown in FIG. 3. One lead of the heating element 36 is connected through the thermostat 30 to the switch 27, and the other lead is connected through a thermal fuse H to the switch, the indicator light 29 being connected in parallel with the element 36.
The current limiting fuses I1 and I2 protect the heater from excessive current draw, especially in the event of a short circuit at either end of the 220 volt heater element 36. Specifically, a poor or broken connection at either end of the heater could result in a l 10 volt short circuit to ground, and thus a hazardous condition especially in the environment of paints. Also, the heater is frequently combined with an electric pump and one or more additional heaters in a common system, in which event a short circuit could feasibly draw as much as 50 ampers when the remainder of the equipment is not operating but the main system is on. Thus,
the two fuses provide complete protection for the heater. I
The thermal or heat limiting fuse H is imbedded in the metal body of the heater at a location to immediately sense any condition of excessive heating, such as might result from malfunction of the thermostat, thereby to protect the heater from burning itself out.
The three fuses are preferably of the delay type so as not to respond to a mere serge of current or heat, but promptly to respond to the'conditions to be guarded against.
Returning to the physical construction, a body or cover 38 of generally rectangular block form, suitably composed of aluminum, and having an internal cylindrical base is slidably but snugly fitted over the cylindrical surface of the core 14 and is retained thereon by an end cap 40, which is sealed against the cover and core by a follower ring 42 compressing a teflon seal 44 and secured thereto by bolts 46 passing through the cap into the body of the core. The internal cylindrical surface of the cover 38 together with the cylindrical surface and helical groove 20 of the core define a continuous helical passageway around the heated core from one end thereof to the other.
An inlet fitting 48 (FIG. 2) is provided in the side of the cover 38 at the free end of the heating section in communication with one end of the helical groove, said inlet normally being connected to a pump (not shown) for supplying paint or other liquid under pressure. An outlet fitting 50 (FIG. 2) is provided in the side of the cover at the other end of theheating section in communication with the other end of the groove, said outlet being normally connected to a spray or pouring gun or other application device (not shown). A thermometer 52 may also be secured on the cover 38 with a probe extending into the groove to indicate the temperature of the liquid passing therethrough.
An important feature of the present invention is the arrangement of the heating components in a compact yet safe manner to minimize the danger of explosion. The core 14 surrounds the heating element 36 and is an integrated part of the control box 12, thereby effectively isolating the flow of flammable materials from possible contact with the electrical components.
in operation, paint or other material enters at the inlet 48, flows around the helical passageway where it is uniformly heated to the desired temperature, and the paint then flows out of the outlet to a spray gun or other applicator. V
In the event that paint coagulates within the unit, the heater passageway may be cleaned very easily and simply by removing the thermometer 52 and the end cap 40, and then drawing the cover 38off of the core 14, thereby completely exposingthe helical groove 20 and any coagulated material therein.
What is claimed is:
1. A heater for heating fluid materials passing therethrough comprising a cylindrical core, an electrical heating element enclosed by said core and having a pair of leads adapted to be connected to a power supply for energizing the heating element, a continuous spiral groove in the outer surface of said core, a cylindrical cover having open endsdisposed around and in axially slidable engagement with the cylindrical surface of said core, said cover and said groove defining a closed ended spiral passageway for fluid materials, inlet means in said cover at one end thereof communicating with one end of said passageway, outlet means in said cover at the other end thereof communicating with the other end of said passageway, a control box secured to one end of the core and having an annular abutment facing said cover, a cap removably secured to the other end of said core and covering an open end of said cover, said cover having its other end held in engagement by said cap with said annular abutment and being removable from said core upon removal of said cap, a pair of current limiting fuses connected in series with respective leads of said heating element, temperature responsive fuse means located in heat exchange relationship with said heating element and connected in series with one of said leads, and a thermostat in circuit with the heating element responsive to the temperature of the
Claims (1)
1. A heater for heating fluid materials passing therethrough comprising a cylindrical core, an electrical heating element enclosed by said core and having a pair of leads adapted to be connected to a power supply for energizing the heating element, a continuous spiral groove in the outer surface of said core, a cylindrical cover having open ends disposed around and in axially slidable engagement with the cylindrical surface of said core, said cover and said groove defining a closed ended spiral passageway for fluid materials, inlet means in said cover aT one end thereof communicating with one end of said passageway, outlet means in said cover at the other end thereof communicating with the other end of said passageway, a control box secured to one end of the core and having an annular abutment facing said cover, a cap removably secured to the other end of said core and covering an open end of said cover, said cover having its other end held in engagement by said cap with said annular abutment and being removable from said core upon removal of said cap, a pair of current limiting fuses connected in series with respective leads of said heating element, temperature responsive fuse means located in heat exchange relationship with said heating element and connected in series with one of said leads, and a thermostat in circuit with the heating element responsive to the temperature of the core.
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US00348484A US3835294A (en) | 1973-04-06 | 1973-04-06 | High pressure electric fluid heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US00348484A US3835294A (en) | 1973-04-06 | 1973-04-06 | High pressure electric fluid heater |
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US3835294A true US3835294A (en) | 1974-09-10 |
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US00348484A Expired - Lifetime US3835294A (en) | 1973-04-06 | 1973-04-06 | High pressure electric fluid heater |
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Cited By (66)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4022281A (en) * | 1975-04-18 | 1977-05-10 | The British Petroleum Company Limited | Method and apparatus for orienting equipment in a well |
DE2827181A1 (en) * | 1977-06-23 | 1979-01-11 | Nordson Corp | FLUID HEATER |
US4319126A (en) * | 1978-12-13 | 1982-03-09 | Eaton Corporation | Temperature dependent electric current-regulator-or-limiting switching element for electrical appliances: especially electrically heated devices |
US4394639A (en) * | 1978-12-18 | 1983-07-19 | Mcgalliard James D | Printed circuit fuse assembly |
EP0106450A1 (en) * | 1982-08-20 | 1984-04-25 | Nordson Corporation | Improvements in and relating to a high solids material heater |
US4480172A (en) * | 1982-06-17 | 1984-10-30 | Henry Ciciliot | Electric heat exchanger for simultaneously vaporizing two different fluids |
DE3343824A1 (en) * | 1983-07-09 | 1985-01-31 | Hotset Heizpatronen und Zubehör GmbH, 5880 Lüdenscheid | Electrical cartridge heater |
US4571079A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1986-02-18 | Particle Measuring Systems, Inc. | Aerosol sampling device and method with improved sample flow characteristics |
US4797089A (en) * | 1987-06-22 | 1989-01-10 | Gary Schubach | System control means to preheat waste oil for combustion |
US4877395A (en) * | 1987-06-22 | 1989-10-31 | Gary Schubach | System control means to preheat waste oil for combustion |
US4975559A (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-12-04 | Nestec S.A. | Device for heating and aerating water in a coffee machine |
US5171613A (en) * | 1990-09-21 | 1992-12-15 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Apparatus and methods for application of coatings with supercritical fluids as diluents by spraying from an orifice |
US5214740A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-05-25 | Carroll Carl W | Portable electric heating apparatus for supplying heated dry non-flammable gas to an applicator gun |
GB2265445A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1993-09-29 | Ralph Francis Bruce Andrews | Water heater |
US5265318A (en) * | 1991-06-02 | 1993-11-30 | Shero William K | Method for forming an in-line water heater having a spirally configured heat exchanger |
WO1995035463A1 (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1995-12-28 | Kosan Teknova A/S | An evaporator for liquid gases |
USD388161S (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-12-23 | Sherwood-Templeton Coal Company, Inc. | Water heater |
US5957384A (en) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-09-28 | Lansinger; Jere Rask | Windshield heated wiping system |
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US20030074882A1 (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-04-24 | Andreas Gimsa | Two-cycle hot-gas engine |
WO2003062714A1 (en) * | 2002-01-22 | 2003-07-31 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company | Rapid response electric heat exchanger |
US20040197095A1 (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2004-10-07 | Carlisle Thweatt | Heater for vacuum cleaners |
US20050022996A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-03 | Baugh Benton F. | Temperature compensation of deepwater accumulators |
US20050061495A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2005-03-24 | Klaus Schubert | Microstructured apparatus for heating a fluid |
US20050129391A1 (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2005-06-16 | Thweatt Carlisle Jr. | Electric water heater |
US6968125B1 (en) * | 2004-07-31 | 2005-11-22 | Garber Robert G | Suspendable industrial electrical liquid heater |
US20050274171A1 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2005-12-15 | Welker Engineering Company | Heated regulator with removable heat inducer and fluid heater and methods of use |
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