US3743334A - Interlocking assembly and method of making same - Google Patents

Interlocking assembly and method of making same Download PDF

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US3743334A
US3743334A US00105045A US3743334DA US3743334A US 3743334 A US3743334 A US 3743334A US 00105045 A US00105045 A US 00105045A US 3743334D A US3743334D A US 3743334DA US 3743334 A US3743334 A US 3743334A
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Prior art keywords
splines
cooperating
inner element
interruption
complementary
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US00105045A
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Adelman R Witsenhausen
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B17/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other and involving plastic deformation
    • F16B17/004—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other and involving plastic deformation of rods or tubes mutually
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/02—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like
    • F16D1/027—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like non-disconnectable, e.g. involving gluing, welding or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/064—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable
    • F16D1/072—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable involving plastic deformation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
    • Y10T29/49927—Hollow body is axially joined cup or tube
    • Y10T29/49929—Joined to rod
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
    • Y10T403/4966—Deformation occurs simultaneously with assembly

Definitions

  • a method of interlocking two elements comprises providing an inner element, an outer element capable of surrounding the inner element and locating at least part of the inner element therein. At least the internal dimensions of said outer element are caused to decrease whereby an internal surface thereof is pressed against said inner element to define cooperating surfaces. At least one of said cooperating surfaces is provided with longitudinal splines and thus is sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface.
  • At least one of said cooperating surfaces is provided with a surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped produces a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface.
  • This invention concerns an assembly of interlocking elements, in particular of a kind wherein an element such as a rod is held within another such as a tube.
  • Assemblies have long been known wherein a rod is secured, within a tube through interlocking or complementary longitudinal splines embossed on the outer surface of the internal element and the inner surface of the external element. A torsional force applied to one of the elements is then transmitted directly to the other element with no relative rotation of the two elements.
  • the present invention provides a method of interlocking two elements comprising:
  • At least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with longitudinal splines and being sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface;
  • At least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface;
  • the surface interruption may be a groove and form a complementary tin, or vice versa.
  • Such a groove preferably extends completely around one surface of the inner element, and may advantageously be helical.
  • the invention provides an assembly of an inner element and a surrounding outer element which are pressed together to define cooperating surfaces at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with longitudinal splines and being sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface;
  • At least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface;
  • Compression may be carried out using any conventional method, including heat.
  • the relative hardness of the two materials can optionally be chosen so that one can be distorted by a pressure.
  • one or both elements may be metal.
  • the projection or depression can be previously formed and orientated, and only the splines will be engendered during the process. Alternately the projection can be engendered on compressing the external element on toand into a depression in the element surface. I p
  • the projection can be on either of the two surfaces, and likewise the splines.
  • the splines can similarly be pre formed but here there might be distortion when the compressing process is taking place.
  • This process also increases the wall thickness of the external element abreast of the joint, i.e., in the part of this external element which is particularly effected by the stresses.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in axial section of this assembly.
  • FIG. 2 is a view in section along IIII of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a rod 1 which has engraved longitudinal splines 2 and a helical groove 3 on one end.
  • the end of a tube 4 is constricted over this rod whereby the tube has splines of a shape and size corresponding to,
  • the splines 2 and 5 ensure a joint of the elements 1 and 4 which opposes torsional movement.
  • the interengagement of fin 6 and groove 3 enables the assembly to oppose axial forces.
  • a force exerted axially on the assembly tends to cause the tube 4 and the element 1 to turn relative to each other around their. comm-on longitudinal axis, owing to the helical form of the groove and the tin. This turning is opposed by the splines 2 and 5 and the axial force is partly transmitted to the splines rather than being borne exclusively by groove and tin. Increase of strain on the groove. and fin can thus be brought below an unacceptable limit and prevent their deformation.
  • a method of interlocking two elements comprising:
  • At least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with longitudinal splines and being sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface;
  • At least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a helicoidal surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines and deeper than said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface;
  • a method of interlocking two elements comprising:
  • the cooperating inner element surface being provided with longitudinal splines and with at least one helicoidal surface interruption extending across the splines and deeper than said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the cooperating out element internal surface;
  • At least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a surface helicoidal interruption extending across the direction of said splines and deeper than said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface;
  • interruption being a helicoidal groove that extends continuously in a plurality of turns about said inner element and that interrupts said splines thereby to divide each of said splines into a plurality of longitudinally aligned portions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Fishing Rods (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

A method of interlocking two elements comprises providing an inner element, an outer element capable of surrounding the inner element and locating at least part of the inner element therein. At least the internal dimensions of said outer element are caused to decrease whereby an internal surface thereof is pressed against said inner element to define cooperating surfaces. At least one of said cooperating surfaces is provided with longitudinal splines and thus is sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface. Also, at least one of said cooperating surfaces is provided with a surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped produces a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface. Hence the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational relative displacement.

Description

Unite States Patent [191 Witsenhausen-Adelman INTERLOCKING ASSEMBLY AND METHOD (11F MAKING SAME [22] Filed: Jan. 8, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 105,045
2,569,275 9/1951 Baker 29/517 X 3,572,779 3/1971 Dawson 287/109 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 232,328 4/1925 Great Britain 287/109 Primary Examiner-Charlie T. Moon Attorney-Young & Thompson [5 7] ABSTRACT A method of interlocking two elements comprises providing an inner element, an outer element capable of surrounding the inner element and locating at least part of the inner element therein. At least the internal dimensions of said outer element are caused to decrease whereby an internal surface thereof is pressed against said inner element to define cooperating surfaces. At least one of said cooperating surfaces is provided with longitudinal splines and thus is sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface. Also, at least one of said cooperating surfaces is provided with a surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped produces a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface. Hence the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational relative displacement.
8 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures INTERLOCKING ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME This invention concerns an assembly of interlocking elements, in particular of a kind wherein an element such as a rod is held within another such as a tube.
Assemblies have long been known wherein a rod is secured, within a tube through interlocking or complementary longitudinal splines embossed on the outer surface of the internal element and the inner surface of the external element. A torsional force applied to one of the elements is then transmitted directly to the other element with no relative rotation of the two elements.
As assembly of this type does not however oppose any axial stresses since the splines of the two elements can still slide relative to each other;
In" one aspect the present invention provides a method of interlocking two elements comprising:
providing an inner element;
providing an outer element capable of surrounding the inner element and locating at least part of the inner element therein;
causing at least the internal dimensions of said outer element to decrease whereby an internal surface thereof is pressed against said inner element to define cooperating surfaces;
at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with longitudinal splines and being sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface;
at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface;
whereby the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational relative displacement.
This assembly of two elements can oppose axial forces as well as torsional forces. Optionally, the surface interruption may be a groove and form a complementary tin, or vice versa.
Such a groove preferably extends completely around one surface of the inner element, and may advantageously be helical.
In another aspect the invention provides an assembly of an inner element and a surrounding outer element which are pressed together to define cooperating surfaces at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with longitudinal splines and being sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface;
at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface;
whereby the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational relative displacement.
Compression may be carried out using any conventional method, including heat. The relative hardness of the two materials can optionally be chosen so that one can be distorted by a pressure. For example, one or both elements may be metal.
Many modified forms can be visualised. The projection or depression can be previously formed and orientated, and only the splines will be engendered during the process. Alternately the projection can be engendered on compressing the external element on toand into a depression in the element surface. I p
The projection can be on either of the two surfaces, and likewise the splines. t
The splines can similarly be pre formed but here there might be distortion when the compressing process is taking place.
This process also increases the wall thickness of the external element abreast of the joint, i.e., in the part of this external element which is particularly effected by the stresses.
A form of embodiment of the assembly according to the invention is described hereinafter by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the accompanying drawing which illustrates the assembly ready for use:
FIG. 1 is a view in axial section of this assembly.
FIG. 2 is a view in section along IIII of FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 illustrates a rod 1 which has engraved longitudinal splines 2 and a helical groove 3 on one end. The end of a tube 4 is constricted over this rod whereby the tube has splines of a shape and size corresponding to,
time a helical fin 6 is formed in the groove 3.
To-produce this assembly one can slide an intially cylindrical tube 4 over, and narrow this tube down radially on to the end of element 1. This constricting action forms the splines 5 and the fin 6 on the inner side of the tube 4.
The splines 2 and 5 ensure a joint of the elements 1 and 4 which opposes torsional movement. The interengagement of fin 6 and groove 3 enables the assembly to oppose axial forces.
A force exerted axially on the assembly tends to cause the tube 4 and the element 1 to turn relative to each other around their. comm-on longitudinal axis, owing to the helical form of the groove and the tin. This turning is opposed by the splines 2 and 5 and the axial force is partly transmitted to the splines rather than being borne exclusively by groove and tin. Increase of strain on the groove. and fin can thus be brought below an unacceptable limit and prevent their deformation.
It is evident that this invention should not be considered as being limited to the forms of embodiment described and illustrated, but as covering also all their modified forms.
What I claim is:
1. A method of interlocking two elements comprising:
providing an inner element;
providing an outer element capable of surrounding the inner element and locating at least part of the inner element therein;
causing at least the internal dimensions of said outer element to decrease whereby an internal surface thereof is pressed against said inner element to define cooperating surfaces;
at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with longitudinal splines and being sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface;
at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a helicoidal surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines and deeper than said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface;
whereby the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational relative displacement. 2. A method of interlocking two elements, comprising:
providing a rod-like inner element; providing a tubular outer element and locating at least part of the rod-like element therein;
compressing the tubular outer element over the rodlike inner element whereby the internal surface thereof is pressed against said inner element to define .cooperating surfaces;
the cooperating inner element surface being provided with longitudinal splines and with at least one helicoidal surface interruption extending across the splines and deeper than said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the cooperating out element internal surface;
whereby the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational displacement.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the surface interruption is a groove and forms a complementary fin.
4. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the surface interruption is a projection and forms a complementary groove.
5. A process as claimed in claim 3 wherein the groove extends completely around one surface of the inner element.
6. An assembly of an inner element and a surrounding outer element which are pressed together to define cooperating surfaces with at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with longitudinal splines and being sufficiently hard to produce complementa splines in the other cooperating surface;
at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a surface helicoidal interruption extending across the direction of said splines and deeper than said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface;
whereby the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational relative displacement.
7. An assembly as claimed in claim 6, said interruption being a helicoidal groove that extends continuously in a plurality of turns about said inner element and that interrupts said splines thereby to divide each of said splines into a plurality of longitudinally aligned portions.
8. An assembly as claimed in claim 7, said groove having a width greater than the width of a said spline.

Claims (8)

1. A method of interlocking two elements comprising: providing an inner element; providing an outer element capable of surrounding the inner element and locating at least part of the inner element therein; causing at least the internal dimensions of said outer element to decrease whereby an internal surface thereof is pressed against said inner element to define cooperating surfaces; at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with longitudinal splines and being sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface; at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a helicoidal surface interruption extending across the direction of said splines and deeper than said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface; whereby the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational relative displacement.
2. A method of interlocking two elements, comprising: providing a rod-like inner element; providing a tubular outer element and locAting at least part of the rod-like element therein; compressing the tubular outer element over the rod-like inner element whereby the internal surface thereof is pressed against said inner element to define cooperating surfaces; the cooperating inner element surface being provided with longitudinal splines and with at least one helicoidal surface interruption extending across the splines and deeper than said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the cooperating out element internal surface; whereby the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational displacement.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the surface interruption is a groove and forms a complementary fin.
4. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the surface interruption is a projection and forms a complementary groove.
5. A process as claimed in claim 3 wherein the groove extends completely around one surface of the inner element.
6. An assembly of an inner element and a surrounding outer element which are pressed together to define cooperating surfaces with at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with longitudinal splines and being sufficiently hard to produce complementary splines in the other cooperating surface; at least one of said cooperating surfaces being provided with a surface helicoidal interruption extending across the direction of said splines and deeper than said splines, and being sufficiently hard and suitably shaped to produce a complementary interruption in the other cooperating surface; whereby the assembled elements are secured against both longitudinal and rotational relative displacement.
7. An assembly as claimed in claim 6, said interruption being a helicoidal groove that extends continuously in a plurality of turns about said inner element and that interrupts said splines thereby to divide each of said splines into a plurality of longitudinally aligned portions.
8. An assembly as claimed in claim 7, said groove having a width greater than the width of a said spline.
US00105045A 1969-05-30 1971-01-08 Interlocking assembly and method of making same Expired - Lifetime US3743334A (en)

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FR6916429A FR2044431A5 (en) 1969-05-30 1969-05-30

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DE (1) DE2063230C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2044431A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1294000A (en)
NL (1) NL167228C (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4768910A (en) * 1986-03-31 1988-09-06 Jack Rath Threaden pin with swagable collar
US4903543A (en) * 1987-05-22 1990-02-27 Etablissement Supervis Camshaft for controlling valves in internal combustion engines and method of manufacturing the camshaft
US5647683A (en) * 1994-04-05 1997-07-15 Dana Corporation Axle and tube yoke attachment
EP0881397A1 (en) * 1997-05-29 1998-12-02 Norinco Assembly of two elongated elements
WO2008068095A1 (en) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for fastening a sleeve on a shaft
US20140274424A1 (en) * 2011-10-21 2014-09-18 Thyssenkrupp Presta Ag Connecting device and method for producing it

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2488354A1 (en) * 1980-08-06 1982-02-12 Nadella TRANSMISSION DEVICE COMPRISING A CARDAN JOINT OR OTHER COUPLING MEMBER
FR2624928B1 (en) * 1987-12-18 1990-03-30 Peugeot ASSEMBLY OF AN INTERNALLY THREADED TUBE AND AN EXTERNALLY THREADED ROD AND METHOD FOR MAKING SUCH ASSEMBLY

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1329479A (en) * 1919-03-24 1920-02-03 Savon Roger Joint for metal tubes
GB232328A (en) * 1924-01-16 1925-04-16 Fritz Faudi An improved joint for tubes, rods and the like
US2509006A (en) * 1948-08-14 1950-05-23 Robert J Lynn Mechanical pencil with lead storage magazine
US2569275A (en) * 1947-07-11 1951-09-25 Timken Rolier Bearing Company Drill rod with adapter
US3572779A (en) * 1968-06-24 1971-03-30 Mc Donnell Douglas Corp Coupling fitting for connecting two parts

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1329479A (en) * 1919-03-24 1920-02-03 Savon Roger Joint for metal tubes
GB232328A (en) * 1924-01-16 1925-04-16 Fritz Faudi An improved joint for tubes, rods and the like
US2569275A (en) * 1947-07-11 1951-09-25 Timken Rolier Bearing Company Drill rod with adapter
US2509006A (en) * 1948-08-14 1950-05-23 Robert J Lynn Mechanical pencil with lead storage magazine
US3572779A (en) * 1968-06-24 1971-03-30 Mc Donnell Douglas Corp Coupling fitting for connecting two parts

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4768910A (en) * 1986-03-31 1988-09-06 Jack Rath Threaden pin with swagable collar
US4903543A (en) * 1987-05-22 1990-02-27 Etablissement Supervis Camshaft for controlling valves in internal combustion engines and method of manufacturing the camshaft
US5647683A (en) * 1994-04-05 1997-07-15 Dana Corporation Axle and tube yoke attachment
EP0881397A1 (en) * 1997-05-29 1998-12-02 Norinco Assembly of two elongated elements
FR2764012A1 (en) * 1997-05-29 1998-12-04 Norinco ASSEMBLY OF TWO HANDLED PARTS
WO2008068095A1 (en) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for fastening a sleeve on a shaft
US20140274424A1 (en) * 2011-10-21 2014-09-18 Thyssenkrupp Presta Ag Connecting device and method for producing it

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Publication number Publication date
DE2063230B2 (en) 1979-05-31
NL7019035A (en) 1972-07-04
FR2044431A5 (en) 1971-02-19
DE2063230C3 (en) 1980-01-24
NL167228B (en) 1981-06-16
NL167228C (en) 1981-11-16
GB1294000A (en) 1972-10-25
DE2063230A1 (en) 1972-07-06

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