US3706445A - Fume incinerator - Google Patents
Fume incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- US3706445A US3706445A US185046A US3706445DA US3706445A US 3706445 A US3706445 A US 3706445A US 185046 A US185046 A US 185046A US 3706445D A US3706445D A US 3706445DA US 3706445 A US3706445 A US 3706445A
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- mixture
- incinerator
- tube
- elongated
- burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
- F26B23/022—Heating arrangements using combustion heating incinerating volatiles in the dryer exhaust gases, the produced hot gases being wholly, partly or not recycled into the drying enclosure
Definitions
- the incinerator is Related A li ti Data formed from a narrow, elongated, heat-conducting, metal incinerator conduit having at least one U or I commumwmm'pan July reverse bend to increase turbulence within the conduit 1970, abandoned, and a continuation-impart of Ser. and to increase heat exchange of hot gases with the 104905 abandoned exterior of the conduit.
- the fume-laden gases to be incinerated are channelled along the exterior surface of [52] US. Cl. 263/8 R, 23/277 C, 34/79, the incinerator conduitfm heat exchange with the a v l 0 A cinerator.
- a fan draws the solvent-laden gases through [51] .lnt.Cl., etc.
- the incinerator can be built into the oven with which 1,603,760 10/ 1926' Fur kert .263/8 R it is used, or can be a separate entity mounted on top 3,472,468 10/1969 Price et al "123/277 C of the oven or even separated from the oven by duct- 3,484,189 12/1969 Hardison et al ..23/277 C ing 3,547,592 12/1970 Gladu et al. ....1 10/8 A 3,549,333 l2/l970 Tubak ..l 10/8 A 26 Claims, 9 Drawing Figures PAIENTED m 1 9 m2 SHEET 3 BF 3 FIG. 9
- This invention relates to incineration of combustible fumes.
- the invention relates to a fume incinerator having an improved heat exchanger for recovery of heat of oxidation of the fumes for preheat of the fume-containing gases prior to incineration.
- the invention relates to a method of incinerating combustible fumes.
- the volume ofsheets through such an oven is'very large. In larger plants, there may be a number of suchovens operating simultaneously.
- the amount of solvents removed from such ovens can reach as much as 15,000 gallons per day from, for example, 10 such ovens.
- This solvent is in vapor form and combustible. For safety purposes it must be mixed with an excess of air in order to prevent explosion.
- the oxidation temperature of this mixture is about 1,000 to I ,400 F, and the temperature of the mixture is about 400 F, as it is exhausted from the oven.
- Solvent drying ovens are subject to'shutdown for short periods of time as well as for extended periods of time. Fuel could be conserved if the solvent incinerator could be shut down while the'drying oven is shut down or idling.
- conventional refractory lined incinerators depend on the hea't'of the refractory to maintain the incineration temperatures and therefore have a relatively long lag time which requires such incinerators to be run almost continuously.
- the drying oven is shut down for long periods of time, the refractory incinerators can be shut down, but it takes considerable time and fuel to bring the refractory incinerators up to temperature when the ovens are started again. For these reasons, refractory lined incinerators are expensive to operate.
- incinerators are bulky and heavy. They require costly special reinforcement to floors and other plant structures in order to accommodate the required incinerators within existing plant structures.
- incinerators are placed outside plants with ducting running between the drying ovens and the incinerators. Not only is the ducting expensive to install, but it results in extensive heat loss of the hot gases from the drying oven passing through'the ducting so that additional heat must be supplied to the gases to bring them up to incinerating temperature.
- Ruff for example, in US. Pat. No. 3 216 127, to catalytically oxidize the volatile materials in an integrated oven and incinerator unit.
- metal incinerators have been heretofore expensive to manufacture, of short life duration if fuel costs are conserved, or expensive to operate in the event that the reactor is maintained at a high temperature. Further, separate heat exchangers have been required to effectively recover heat of oxidation of the incineration process.
- Another object of this invention is to provide a method of incinerating solvents and the like'evolved during a drying operation wherein a substantial portion of theh eat of the hot gases resulting from the incinerathat the-pressure within the burner tube is greater than the pressure within the heat exchange means.
- Means are provided for heating the preheated-mixture within the burner tube to a higher temperature suitable for ox idizing the solvent in the mixture, and means are pro vided forwithd'rawing the combusted gases'from the exitend of the burner tube.
- the burner "tube has substantial length comparedwith its cross sectional dimensions and desirably: contains one U- or reverse bend to turbulate the'gases for increased mixing and incineration of the solvents.
- theconstruction of vthe'burner tube is such that a small fraction of the hot gases escape from the burner tube and pass into the heat exchange means for admixture with the solvent and air. Escapement of thesehot gases through the walls of the burner tube provides direct" heat exchange between the oxidized gases and the solvent-air mixture; thereby increasing the rate of heating the solvent-air mixture.
- a method for incinerating combustiblefumes ina mixture of such fumes and air The mixture is drawn througha preheat zone over an external surface of a combustion zone for preheating'and then passed to the combustion zone at high velocities wherein the mixture is heated to an elevated temperature suitable for oxidizing the fumes in the mixture, whereby the fumes are oxidized.
- the heat content of the gases within the cornbustion. zone is transferred to the preheat zone to preheat the solvent and air mixture passing therethrough.
- the pressure of the preheated mixture in the preheated zone is increased before passing said mixture to the combustion zone so. that the pressure-of the gases in the combustion zone is greater than in-the preheat zone.
- Hot combustion productsand solvents are passed through the-conduit at a rate sufficient-to heat the "elongated conduit to a temperature high enough to oxidize the solvent in'the-mixturepassing through the conduit.
- the solvent and air mixture withdrawn from the drying section is heat from a study of this disclosure. the drawings, and'the appended claims.
- an incinerator is providedfor use, in connection with a drying oven of the type wherein a mixture of an oxidizable solvent and air is evolved duringthe-drying process.
- the incinerator is formed from an elongated burner tube and has means for heat exchanging the-solvent and airrnixture with exchanged with the elongated conduit and a portion of the heat exchanged mixture is used to heat the drying section and other sections of the oven.
- An auxiliary burner. is provided to supply any additional heat energy to the heat exchanged mixture tornaintain whatever temperature is necessary in the drying section.
- Control means are provided to adjust the supply of heat to the incineratorand to theoxidized products to maintain the temperature of the drying section ata predetermined value, and to maintain the temperature of the radiant tubes at a predetermined value.
- FIG. I is a partial plan view of a drying oven containing an integrated fume incinerator according to the in- I vention, said view being partially broken away
- FIG. 2 is an elevational view in section taken along line II-II of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines III III of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along lines IV-IV of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a control system for the auxiliary burner
- FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a control system for the radiant tube burner
- FIG. 7 is a partial view similar to FIG. 1 and illustrating a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a partial side elevational view in section of a third embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view along lines IX-IX of FIG. 8.. t
- the drying oven has a drying zone 12 for evaporation of solvents and volatile material on the thin sheets and a plurality of baking zones 14, only one of which has been illustrated in the drawings.
- the oven is desirably provided with a cooling section (not shown) at the end of the baking section.
- the baking zone 14 serves to bake the coatings which have been deposited onto the thin sheets.
- An integrated fume incinerator, generally designated as 16, burns a portion of the volatile materialswhich are driven off in the drying zone and, in so doing, provides a substantial amount of heat for operation of the oven.
- the drying zone 12 is formed from an elongated chamber 18 through which passes a continuous wicket conveyor generally indicated by the numeral 20. Coated metal sheets are fed to the wicket conveyor through opening 22 in the front of the drying zone. Air also enters the oven through opening 22 and through a similar opening at the other end of the furnace (not shown).
- a wicket preheat duct is provided longitudinally within the bottom of the drying zone and extends through the baking zones.
- a baffle plate 26 separates the upper portion of the drying and baking zones from the lower portion thereof.
- a zone heating duct 28 extends longitudinally beneath the wicket conveyor within the drying zone and has a plurality of holes or openings 30 in the top portion thereof to permit flow of heated gases upwardly therethrough and through the wicket conveyor. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the zone supply duct has a relatively fixed central portion and tapers at the forward and rear edges thereof.
- a recirculating duct 32 extends longitudinally through the drying zones and the baking zones in the upper portion of the elongated chamber 18.
- a plurality of holes 34 in the bottom of the duct 32 permit withdrawal of the hot gases including any vaporized solvent from the elongated chamber 18 and into the recirculating duct 32.
- the fume incinerator 16 comprises a fire box of insulating material which is divided into a heat supply area 46, an incinerator and heat exchange area 48, and a burner air supply area 50.
- the burner air supply area 50 is formed from an air duct 52 which communicates through damper valves 54 and 55 with an air supply duct 56 and a fan 58.
- Air duct 52 is open at one end to permit heat exchanged solvent and air to pass therethrough into fan 58.
- An opening is provided between the duct 50 and the top of the elongated chamber 18 to permit passage of solvent and air from the front of the drying zone into the return air duct 52. Damper valves 42 control the passage of gases through the opening 40.
- An outlet duct 60 communicates with the outlet from the fan 58 at one end at the-other end with burners 62 through a manifold 61.
- a fuel supply means 64 supplies fuel to the burners 62.
- the outlet from the burners 62 communicate with metal radiant tube burners 66 of narrow elongated conduits which form a zig zag or reversing pattern between the bottom and the top of the incinerator area 48.
- the outlets from the tube burners 66 communicate with an incinerator discharge duct 70 which extends longitudinally along the top of the fume incinerator l6 and along the top of the baking zones 14.
- the tube burners 66 have a tapered entrance end between the first reverse turn and the entrance end of the tube. This tapered portion assists in maintaining the fast flow of heated gases through the radiant tubes 60.
- the incinerator area 48 is divided into two parts by a baffle plate 72 which is slidable along the length of the incinerator area 48 through holes which accommodate the tubes 66.
- I v I Openings 38 are provided in the top of the recirculating duct 32 and in the bottom of the incinerator area 48 to permit passage of the solvent and air therethrough into the incinerator area 48.
- the heat supply area 46 is separated from the incinerator area 48 by a back wall 44.
- Auxiliary burners 78 are positioned at the sides of the heat supply area 46.
- a fan 80 having its inlet communicating with the heat supply area 46 is positioned at each side of the heat supply area 46.
- the outlet from each fan 80 communicates with a heated air supply duct 82 which passes the heated air from fan 80 into the zone heating duct 28.
- the baking zone 14 has a heating box 84 at the top thereof with'a burner 86 and a fan 88 on either side thereof.
- the inlet of each fan communicates with the interior of the heating box 84 and the outlet of each fan 88 communicates with a heat supply duct 90.
- One heat supply duct 90 extends down each side of the elongated chamber 18 and into a zone heating duct 92 having a shape similar to the heating duct 28.
- Holes 94 are provided in the top of the zone heating duct 92 to permit passage of heated gases upwardly into the elongated chamber 18 and through the wicket conveyor 20.
- the incinerator discharge duct 70 communicates with the heating box 84 through an opening 98, duct 96, and an opening in the top of the heating box 84.
- Damper valves 99 control the flow of gases between the discharge duct 70 and the heating box 84.
- a second heating box 102 is provided on top of the elongated chamber 18 within the baking zone 14.
- This heating box 102 has a duct 104 which communicates with the incinerator discharge duct 70 through an opening 106 in the bottom of the discharge duct 70 and an opening 110 in the top of the heating box 102.
- a heater 112 is provided at one end of the heating box 102 and a fan 114 is provided on either side of the other end of the heating box 102.
- the inlet for each fan 114 communicates with the heating box 102 and the outlet for each fan 114 communicates with a supply duct 116.
- One supply duct 116 extends down either side of the elongated chamber 18 and communicates with the wicket preheat duct 24.
- a collectorduct 118 across the top of the baffle plate 26 communicates with the wicket preheat duct 24 through an opening 124.
- the ends of the collector duct 118 communicate with return ducts 122 which extends upwardly along the sides of the elongated chamber 18.
- a distributor du'ct 124 extends across the top of the elongated chamber 118 and has openings 126 in the top portion thereof to permit escape of return air into the heating box 102.
- FIG. Illustrates the, auxiliary burner control system.
- Fuel is fed to burner 78 through a line 130.
- a control valvel32 controls the flow of fuel through line 130.
- a thermocouple 134 is positioned within theelongated chamber 18 in the dryingzone and transmits this signal to a temperature recorder controller 136.
- controller 136 In accordance with a preset input to controller 136, a signal is sent to valve 132 through control line 138 to control the fuel passing to burner 78. In this manner, the heat supplied by the auxiliary burner is controlled to maintain the temperature within the drying section within predetermined limits.
- FIG. 6 which'schematically illustrates the radiant tube burner control means.
- Fuel is supplied to the burner 62 through a supply line 140 which has a control valve 142.
- a thermocouple 144 senses the temperature of the exterior surface of tube 60 and generates a signal responsive thereto.
- the signal is sent to temperature recorder controller 146 which controls valve 142 via a control line 148 in accordancev with a preset input to the temperature recorder controller 146.
- the temperature recorder controller 146 maintains the flow of fuel to burner 62 sufficient to produce temperatures within the tube 60 at about l ,400 F.
- the main burners 62 would initially be operating wide open so that the temperature of the radiant tube burner is in excess of 1,200 F and must be maintained at about 400 F. At this time the conveyor 20 is stopped and no newsheets are fed into through the. return air ducts 52 will contain substantially no oxidizable material, necessitating an increase in the temperature of the heated gases supplied to the radiant tube 66.
- the decrease in the tube temperature is sensed by thermocouple 144 and, responsive thereto, the valve 142 is opened to increase the fuel to burners.
- the heat requirements for the drying section will decrease because of the great decrease in solvent evaporation.
- the temperature within the drying section will'bemaintained by decreasing the fuel supplied to the auxiliary burners 78 in accordance with the signal from the thermocouple 144.
- the amounts of solvent on the coatings can vary with different operations.
- the amount of fuel supplied to the main burner 62 and to the auxiliary burners 78 are adjusted to maintain the proper temperatures at the radiant tube bumers and within the heat supply ducts..ln addition, the baffle plate 72 is slidable along the length of the incinerator section to vary the amounts of solvent and air mixture passing to the burner air supply area 50 and the heat supply area 46. In this manner, a
- the solvent and air mixture withdrawn from the drying section of the oven is heat exchanged with the radiant, tube burners.
- a portion of the heat exchanged mixture is passed through return air duct 62 and into the interior of radiant tube burners 66, wherein it is oxidized in an exothermic reaction.
- This reaction heats the tubes 66 thereby reducing the amount of fuel which needs to be supplied to the burners 62.
- the evaporation of solvent in the drying section tends to reduce the temperaturein the drying section.
- the decrease in temperature-in the drying zone will besensed by thermocouple 134, and accordingly, the amount of fuel to burner 78 is increased to maintain a temperature of about 400-F therein.
- an increase in the temperature of the radiant tube 66 will be sensed by thermocouple 144.
- the valve 142 will then be throttled to decrease the amount of fuel supplied to burners 62.
- the oven is idling, such as when inking rolls are changed, the temperature within the drying section so that the proper temperature within the incinerator and the drying oven is maintained.
- FIG. 7 for a description of a modified tube burner according to the invention.
- a burner tube 150 is formed in a U-shape having a tapered entrance end 152 and an exit end 154 which communicates with the incinerator discharge duct 70. Alternately, the exit end 154 of the burner tube 150 can be vented directly to the atmosphere. v a
- annular tube 156 encircles the tapered entrance end 152 of the modified burner tube 150.
- the annular tube has an open end 158 adjacent the first bend in the U-shaped burnertube 150.
- The'opposite end of the annular tube 156 communicates with a vertical conduit 160.
- the return airduct 52 communicates directly with the vertical conduit 160.
- the operation of the modified form of the invention is substantially the same as that described about with reference to FIGS. 1 through 6.
- a portion of the sol-' vent-containing gases enters the open entrance end 158 of the annular tube 156 and passes therethrough in heat exchange relationship with the tapered entrance end 152 of the burner tube 150.
- the solventcontaining gases are heated by the burner tube 150.
- the heated gases pass into the vertical conduit 160, through conduit 160 and into the return air duct 52. From thence, the heated gases are passed into the interior of the burner tube 150 wherein the solvent is oxidized.
- the outlet from the fan 58 communicates with vertical ducts adjacent the conduit 160 to supply the heated gases to the burner 62 and into the interior of the burner tube 150.
- FIG. 7 provides for a more efficient heat exchange of the solvent gases which are to be incinerated. In this manner, the portion of the gases to be incinerated is more easily heated to a higher temperature, requiring less fuel for oxidation.
- the outer burner tubes can supply heat to the wicket preheat duct 24 by simply directing the exhaust from the burner tubes downwardly alongside of the drying chamber 18 and into the ducts 24.
- the fuel supply means can be at a top portion of the incinerator area 48 and the exit end of the tube burners can be at the bottom of the incinerator area.
- the incinerator is a separate unit and is not built into the oven.
- the incinerator 214 is formed from an outer housing 216 of insulating material and has openings 218 and 220 in the bottom thereof communicating with the upper portion of the drying oven 212.
- a dividing wall 224 extends between the bottom, top and side walls of the housing 216, thereby dividing the incinerator into an intake section or zone 225 and an incinerator and heat exchange section or zone 227.
- a vertical wall 226 within the intake section or zone 225 extends upwardly from a floor of the housing 216 and joins a horizontal wall 228 to define a fan intake section or zone 225a within the intake section or zone 225.
- the vertical wall 226 and horizontal wall 228 extend between the sides of the housing 216 thereby completely closing off and sealing the intake section 225 from the fan intake section 225a.
- a U-shaped outer tube 230 is mounted within the incineration and heat exchange section. This tube 230 has anupper open end communicating with a hole 231 in the dividing wall 224.
- the lower open end of the U-shaped outer tube 230 communicates with a hole 233 in a bottom portion of the wall 224.
- the U-shaped outer tube 230 communicates at one end with the intake section or zone 225 and at the other end with the fan intake section 225a.
- U-shaped incinerator tube mounted within the U-shaped outer tube 230 is a U- shaped incinerator tube formed of a first burner tube section 240, a U-bend section 244, and a straight upper section 246.
- the annular area within the U-shaped outer tube 230 approximates the area within the burner tube formed by sections 240, 244 and 246. Gases from this incinerator tube are exhausted from section 246 through an elbow section 248 and an exhaust conduit 250.
- the incinerator tube section communicates with a cylindrical burner housing 238 which contains a suitable fuel burner (not shown). Means (not shown) are provided for supplying fuel to the burner.
- a suitable burner is a Zephyr gas burner manufactured by the North American Manufacturing Company, 4455 E. 71st Street, Cleveland, Ohio, 44105.
- the burner has a spark plug (not shown) or other suitable means to initiate combustion of the fuel.
- a fan 232 having an inlet 234 and an outlet 236 is mounted within the fan intake section 225a.
- the fan inlet 234 communicates with the lower portion of the outer tube 230 through the fan intake section 252a and hole 233.
- the blower or fan outlet 236 communicates with the cylindrical burner housing 228 and the burner.
- the lower incinerator tube section 240 and the upper straight section 246 are formed from elongated metal burner tube panels, best illustrated in FIG. 9.
- Each elongated panel is formedfrom an elongated arcuate portion 262 with backwardly bent flanges 264 and 266. l-Ioles are provided in spaced relationship along flanges 264 and 266.
- Heat-exchange fins extend between the interior of the incinerator tube sections 240 and 246 and the annular preheat area between the incinerator tube and the outer U-shaped tube 230.
- the heat exchange fins are shown partly broken awayin FIG. 8.
- Such fins are of high heat conducting metal and comprise a central portion, an outer fin 276 and an inner fin 278.
- bolts extend through holes in the flanges 264 and 266 and through the holes of the heat exchange fins to secure the heat exchange fins in place and to secure the burner panels together.
- the burner panels are bolted together with the heat exchange fins extending therebetween.
- the outer heat exchange fins 276 then act as spacers between the burner tube and the U- shaped outer tube 230.
- the inner fins 68 extend into the incinerator tube as far as possible to maximize heat transfer to the annular preheat area. Desirably the fins 68 extend one-third to one-half of the radial distance between the burner panels 60 to the center of the incinerator tube.
- solvent and air mixture at about 300 to 400 F is drawn from the drying or baking oven 212 through opening 220 into the intake section or zone 225 of the incinerator.
- These solvent-laden gases pass through the annular space between the U-shaped outer tube 230 and the incinerator burner tube formed by the straight section 246, the U-bend section 244 and the incinerator tube section 240. While passing through the annular space, these gases will contact the hot surface of these tubes and will also contact fins 276 of the heat exchange fins. The contact between the gases and these hot surfaces preheat the gases as they pass through the annular space, the temperature reaching about 800F by the time the gases reach the fan 232.
- the U-bend in the tube 230 has a turbulating effect on the gases passing through the annular space which further increases the transfer of heat from the hot surfaces to the gases.
- the preheated gases are then drawn in through intake 34 of fan 232 and passed at a higher pressure through the fan outlet 236 through the burner and into the incinerator tube section 240.
- the fan 232 serves to draw the fume-laden gases through the annular preheat area within the U-shaped outer tube 230 and to increase the pressure of the preheated gases which flow into the incinerator tube section 240.
- the gas pressure within the incinerator tube (section 240, U- bend 244, and straight section 246) will be greater than the pressure in the annular preheat area between the U- shaped outer tube 230 and the incinerator tube.
- the straight section 246 of the burner tube can also be provided with openings 282 through which the hot gases pass from the burner tube to the annular preheat area.
- the openings 282 can be in lieu of or in addition to the heat exchange fins 270. These gases will be recycled back through the incinerator tube via fan 254. The solvent and air mixture will be preheated by the admixing therewith of the hot combusted gases from the incinerator tube. Because of the pressure differential between the interior and exterior of burner tube section 246, no incombusted gases will flow from the preheat area intothe burner tube through openings 282.
- vents and other combustible material will be substantially completely oxidized to carbon dioxide.
- the heat of these gases is transferred. through the walls of the incinerator tube (sections 240, 244 and 246) to the preheat area.
- the hot gases within the incinerator tube contact the inner fins 278 of the heat exchange fins which transfer the heat by conduction to the outer fins 276.
- the fins form waves along the length thereof because of the temperature differential between the fins 276 and fins 278. This wavy configuration aids in turbulating the gases passing through the incinerator, further assisting in the heat transfer between the gases and the fins.
- lighter gauge materials can be used for these elongated portions 262. These lighter materials facilitate still further the rapid heat transfer between the interior and the exterior of the burner sections 240 and 246.
- the U or reverse bend formed by U-bend section 244' serves to turbulate the gases flowing through the interior of the burner tube. This turbulation increases the mixing of the gases within the tube to increase the oxidation of the combustible materials within the mixture, thereby substantially completely combusting the oxidizable materials.
- the turbulation produced by the U-bend section 244 further enhances the heat transfer properties of the gases so that more heat is transferred between the interior and exterior of the burner tube sections.
- Other types of turbulators, such as within the tubes, can be employed in the event that a straight tube is desired.
- the flow of the gases through the burner tube is quite rapid. For example,xit has been found that the gases can pass through the tube at rates as high as 5,000 to 6,000 feet per minute. It has been found that for velocities of about 5,000 feet per minute and an incinerator path length of 25 feet with a U-bend, there'sidence time of the gases is approximately 0.3 second. Even with this extremely low residence time, it has been found that 812 pounds of carbon in the form of methylethyl keytone solvent passing through the incinerator tube during an 8-hour day can be reduced to L3 pounds of carbon in uncombusted form. The remainder of the carbon is substantially converted to carbon dioxide.
- the incinerator tube is constructed in a narrow elongated form as illustrated in the drawings.
- the elongated form maximizes the surface area of the tube for preheating the gases to conserve fuel costs of incineration.
- the length of the tube depends on the degree of preheating required for the solvent-laden gases. It has been found that a tube length of about 25 feet formed by two tubes 12 to 16 inches in diameter and 10 feet long with a U-bend section therebetween, are suitable for incineration of the solvent to values within the most stringent governmental limits and for preheating the solvent-laden gases.
- the incinerator device illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9 can also be used for maintaining heat in an oven as disclosed hereinbefore with relation to FIGS. 1 through 6.
- the oven gases pass through opening 218 in the bottom of housing 216 and contact the outer surface of the U- shaped outer tube 230. This contact serves toheat these gases which are then recirculated to the furnace through a fan (not shown).
- FIGS. 8 and 9 have been described in FIGS. 8 and 9 with reference to a single incinerator tube, it is within the scope of the invention to use a plurality of such incinerator tubes in juxtaposed relationship for larger furnaces.
- the number of tubes will depend on the capacity of the furnace.
- the incinerator device described is of metal construction and has a very rapid response time.
- the operation of the incinerator tube can. be correlated with the oven or ovens with which it works.
- the incinerator tube can be shut down.
- the oven starts up, the incinerator tube will reach its incinerating temperature in a matter of seconds. ln this manner, the amount of fuel required to operate the incinerator is further reduced.
- the unit described is a compact unit which can be integrated with an existing oven.'lt can be mounted on top of the oven or immediately adjacent thereto.
- the U-bend in addition to the turbulating function, also makes the unit compact.
- This kindof unit may save valuable plant space and may avoid the heat loss and expense of ducting from an oven to exterior locations which are often required for other types of incineration units.
- the high velocity of the gases through the incinerator and the turbulation effected in this incinerator eliminates the need for larger incinerator reactors. Because the unit can be mounted on top or immediately adjacent an existing oven, it permits further heat recoveryby using the heat of oxidation for heating of the oven gases. 7
- the incinerator is of inexpensive and flexible construction. Thin gauge material is less expensive and welding is minimized. Leakage of hot gases from the main burner tube may favorably affect the operation of the incineration process due to the rapid heating of the solvent air mixture, and, does not adversely affect the incineration qualities of the device. Further, the flexible construction avoids metalfatigue due to the temperature cycling which is required of such an incinerator for optimum economical operation.
- the novel heat exchanger construction effectively preheats the gases thereby further cutting the fuel costs for operation of the incinerator unit.
- the heat exchange construction is quite-inexpensive as compared with other welded and leakproof structures. The heat exchange quality of this device also cools the U-shaped outer tube 230 (FIGS.
- the hotter burner tube is insulated by the preheating gases, thus permitting installation of this incinerator within or immediately adjacent to a drying oven without the necessity of providing expensive and bulky insulating material.
- the elongated panels illustrated in the drawings have been shown as having an arcuate configuration in cross-section.
- the panels can be made in many different cross-sectional shapes.
- the panels can have a straight cross-section so that the resulting tubular cross-section represents a regular polygon rather than a circle.
- the panels can be corrugated for still more heat transfer surface area.
- FIGS. Sand 9 has an annular preheat area surrounding the elongated burner tube.
- the heat exchange means between the burner tube and the preheat area can take various other forms.
- the preheat area can be fonned entirely within the burner tube so that the burner tube becomes an annular space around a preheat conduit.
- a second preheat conduit can be formed around the outside of the burner tube with the result that the annular burner tube will have preheat areas along its outer and inner surfaces.
- the incinerator unit illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9 can be used adjacent to or spaced from a solvent evolving oven.
- the solvent air mixture is preferably circulated around the outside of the outer U-shaped tube 230 to maintain the temperature within the housing at a lower temperature.
- the top of dividing wall 214 is eliminated and the fume-laden gases are introduced into the housing216 adjacent the U-shaped tube 230, for example at opening 218.
- a closed conduit is provided to carry the preheated fume-laden gases from the lower open end of the U-shaped tube 230 to the inlet 234 of fan 232.
- said radiant tube formed of an elongated conduit having an entrance end and an exit end;
- said radiant tube burner within said incinerator section, said radiant tube burner formed from a narrow elongated conduit having an entrance end and an exit end;
- said second portion passing means including means for heat exchanging said second portion of said mixture with said elongated conduit prior to passing through said elongated conduit;
- a drying oven according to claim 2 further comprising means to recycle said first portion of the heat exchanged mixture from said incinerator section to said drying section.
- a drying oven according toclaim 4 wherein said adjusting means comprises a movable baffle within said comprising temperature sensing means to sense thetemperature in said drying section and means to control the heat output from said auxiliary heating means in accordance. with a signal from said temperature sensing'means to maintain the temperature in said drying section at a predetermined value.
- said radiant tube burner within said incinerator section, said radiant tube burner formed of an elongated conduit having an entrance end and an exitend, said elongated conduit forming a reversing coil within said incinerator section;
- a drying oven forremovalof solvents from coated metal sheets comprising:
- a radiant tube burner comprising an elongated tube having at least one reverse or U-bend between an entrance end and an exit end thereof;
- said heated gases supply means'for said elongated chamber comprises means to pass a second portion of said mixture over anouter surface of said elongated tube in heat exchange relationship therewith, and means to pass saidheat exchanged second portion of said mixture to said elongated oven chamber.
- a drying oven according to claim 10 wherein said oxidizingflmeans comprises a burner'for supplying heated gases to said elongated tube; means to sense the temperature within said elongated tube; andcontrol means to adjust the heat output from said .burner to maintain said temperature of said elongated tube within predetermined limits responsiveto the temperature sensed by said temperature sensing means.
- a drying oven according to claim 11 and further comprising an auxiliary burner in said heated gas supply means for said elongated chamber; means to sense the temperature within said elongatedchamber; and control means to adjust the heat output of said auxiliary burner responsive to the temperature sensed by said elongated chamber temperature sensing means to maintain the temperature within said elongated chamber within given limits.
- an incinerator comprising a housing with a burner tube extending therethrough, said burner tub having an entrance end and an exit end; a means for introducing at least a portion of said solvent and air mixture from said drying oveninto said housing;
- said burner tube is of elongated construction and said incinerator further comprises a tubular conduit encircling said burner tube and extending along at least a portion of the length of said burner tube, said tubular conduit being open to the interior of said housing at one end and communicating with the interior of said entrance end of said burner tube at another end through said drawing and forcing means.
- An incinerator for use in connection with a drying oven of the type wherein an oxidizable mixture of solvent and air is evolved during the drying process, said incinerator comprising:
- a housing with a burner tube extending therethrough, 5 said burner tube having an entrance end and an exit end; means for introducing solvent and air mixture from said drying oven into said housing;
- An' incinerator wherein said burner tube is of elongated construction and further comprising a tubular conduit encircling said burner tube and extending along at least a portion of the length of said burner tube, said tubular conduit being open at one end for reception of said solvent and air mixture and communicating at another end with the interior of said entrance end of said burner tube through said drawing and forcing means.
- An incinerator for use in connection with a drying oven of the type wherein a mixture ofan oxidizable solvent and air is evolved during the drying process, said incinerator comprising:
- said heat exchange means includes means in said elongated burner tube for passing a portion of said combusted gases into a preheat zone for admixture with stantially greater than any cross-sectional dimen-' sion of said burner tube; said burner tube having at least one U or reverse bend between said entrance and xit end;
- a method according to claim 22 wherein said heat transfer step comprises passing a portion of the combustion products from said combustion zone to said preheat zone for admixture with said mixture of fumes and air.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (26)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US18504671A | 1971-09-30 | 1971-09-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3706445A true US3706445A (en) | 1972-12-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US185046A Expired - Lifetime US3706445A (en) | 1971-09-30 | 1971-09-30 | Fume incinerator |
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Cited By (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3810736A (en) * | 1973-08-31 | 1974-05-14 | Acrometal Products Inc | Curing oven for enameled wire |
US3868779A (en) * | 1973-09-13 | 1975-03-04 | Salem Corp | Incineration control |
US3880143A (en) * | 1973-02-21 | 1975-04-29 | Uip Engineered Products Corp | Combination fume oxidizer and asphalt heater |
JPS5091179A (en) * | 1973-12-12 | 1975-07-21 | ||
US3949053A (en) * | 1973-09-14 | 1976-04-06 | Granco Equipment, Inc. | Incineration of combustible materials with liquid fuel |
US4060371A (en) * | 1973-09-14 | 1977-11-29 | Granco Equipment, Inc. | Liquid or gaseous fuel fired burner |
US4092100A (en) * | 1976-09-17 | 1978-05-30 | Granco Equipment, Inc. | Drying oven |
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FR2594452A1 (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1987-08-21 | Monforts Gmbh & Co A | THERMAL TREATMENT MACHINE CONTINUOUSLY CONVEXIONALLY USEFUL FOR TEXTILE USE |
US5279278A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1994-01-18 | Stork Contiweb B.V. | Burner unit |
US5286459A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-02-15 | Feco Engineered Systems, Inc. | Multiple chamber fume incinerator with heat recovery |
US5333395A (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-08-02 | Vits Maschinenbau Gmbh | Drying apparatus |
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US20160219888A1 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-04 | Lbc Bakery Equipment, Inc. | Convection oven with linear counter-flow heat exchanger |
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US9997334B1 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2018-06-12 | Lyten, Inc. | Seedless particles with carbon allotropes |
US10428197B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2019-10-01 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon and elastomer integration |
US10465128B2 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2019-11-05 | Lyten, Inc. | Cracking of a process gas |
US10502705B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2019-12-10 | Lyten, Inc. | Resonant gas sensor |
US10644368B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2020-05-05 | Lyten, Inc. | Pressure barrier comprising a transparent microwave window providing a pressure difference on opposite sides of the window |
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US4199549A (en) * | 1964-05-07 | 1980-04-22 | Salem Corporation | Method of operating an incinerator |
US3880143A (en) * | 1973-02-21 | 1975-04-29 | Uip Engineered Products Corp | Combination fume oxidizer and asphalt heater |
US3810736A (en) * | 1973-08-31 | 1974-05-14 | Acrometal Products Inc | Curing oven for enameled wire |
US3868779A (en) * | 1973-09-13 | 1975-03-04 | Salem Corp | Incineration control |
US3949053A (en) * | 1973-09-14 | 1976-04-06 | Granco Equipment, Inc. | Incineration of combustible materials with liquid fuel |
US4060371A (en) * | 1973-09-14 | 1977-11-29 | Granco Equipment, Inc. | Liquid or gaseous fuel fired burner |
JPS5522686B2 (en) * | 1973-12-12 | 1980-06-18 | ||
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FR2594452A1 (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1987-08-21 | Monforts Gmbh & Co A | THERMAL TREATMENT MACHINE CONTINUOUSLY CONVEXIONALLY USEFUL FOR TEXTILE USE |
US4726124A (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1988-02-23 | A. Monforts Gmbh & Co. | Textile machine having continuous convective heat treatment |
US5363567A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1994-11-15 | Thermal Engineering Corp. | Self incinerating oven and process carried out thereby |
US5279278A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1994-01-18 | Stork Contiweb B.V. | Burner unit |
US5286459A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-02-15 | Feco Engineered Systems, Inc. | Multiple chamber fume incinerator with heat recovery |
US5333395A (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-08-02 | Vits Maschinenbau Gmbh | Drying apparatus |
US5533890A (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1996-07-09 | Thermatrix, Inc. | Method and apparatus for control of fugitive VOC emissions |
US5547373A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1996-08-20 | Apv Baker, Inc. | Baking oven with integral emissions control apparatus |
US5556197A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-09-17 | Gentec Equipment Company | Asphalt plant for both continuous and batch operation |
US5607231A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1997-03-04 | Gentec Equipment Company | Method for operating an asphalt plant for both continuous and batch operation |
US5635139A (en) * | 1994-12-01 | 1997-06-03 | Thermatrix, Inc. | Method and apparatus for destruction of volatile organic compound flows of varying concentration |
US5650128A (en) * | 1994-12-01 | 1997-07-22 | Thermatrix, Inc. | Method for destruction of volatile organic compound flows of varying concentration |
US6193940B1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2001-02-27 | Abb Alstom Power Inc. | Firing system for the improved performance of ethylene cracking furnaces |
US7832343B2 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2010-11-16 | International Environmental Solutions Corporation | Pyrolyzer with dual processing shafts |
US20080053347A1 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2008-03-06 | International Environmental Solutions Corporation | Pyrolyzer With Dual Processing Shafts |
US20040096377A1 (en) * | 2002-08-25 | 2004-05-20 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Counter-flow heat exchanger for ceramic gas generator |
WO2004018952A1 (en) * | 2002-08-25 | 2004-03-04 | Carleton Life Support Systems, Inc. | Counter-flow heat exchanger for ceramic gas generator |
US20090183659A1 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2009-07-23 | Hni Technologies Inc. | Pellet stove |
US8082915B2 (en) | 2006-03-08 | 2011-12-27 | Hni Technologies Inc. | Pellet stove |
US20070215143A1 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2007-09-20 | Hni Technologies Inc. | Pellet stove |
US20080241774A1 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-02 | Pierangelo Ghilardi | Compact apparatus for generating a hot air flow with a gas burner |
US10314315B2 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2019-06-11 | Lbc Bakery Equipment, Inc. | Convection oven with linear counter-flow heat exchanger |
US20160219888A1 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-04 | Lbc Bakery Equipment, Inc. | Convection oven with linear counter-flow heat exchanger |
US9812295B1 (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2017-11-07 | Lyten, Inc. | Microwave chemical processing |
US10332726B2 (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2019-06-25 | Lyten, Inc. | Microwave chemical processing |
US9767992B1 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-09-19 | Lyten, Inc. | Microwave chemical processing reactor |
US10937632B2 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2021-03-02 | Lyten, Inc. | Microwave chemical processing reactor |
US10373808B2 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2019-08-06 | Lyten, Inc. | Seedless particles with carbon allotropes |
US11380521B2 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2022-07-05 | Lyten, Inc. | Spherical carbon allotropes for lubricants |
US9997334B1 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2018-06-12 | Lyten, Inc. | Seedless particles with carbon allotropes |
US10428197B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2019-10-01 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon and elastomer integration |
US11008436B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2021-05-18 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon and elastomer integration |
US10920035B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2021-02-16 | Lyten, Inc. | Tuning deformation hysteresis in tires using graphene |
US10112837B2 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-30 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon allotropes |
US9862602B1 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2018-01-09 | Lyten, Inc. | Cracking of a process gas |
US9862606B1 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2018-01-09 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon allotropes |
US11053121B2 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2021-07-06 | Lyten, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cracking of a process gas |
US10465128B2 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2019-11-05 | Lyten, Inc. | Cracking of a process gas |
US10756334B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2020-08-25 | Lyten, Inc. | Structured composite materials |
US10955378B2 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2021-03-23 | Lyten, Inc. | Resonant gas sensor |
US10502705B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2019-12-10 | Lyten, Inc. | Resonant gas sensor |
US10644368B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2020-05-05 | Lyten, Inc. | Pressure barrier comprising a transparent microwave window providing a pressure difference on opposite sides of the window |
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