US338861A

US338861A - morris

Info

Publication number: US338861A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1886-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 1903-03-30

Description

2 sheets-sheet 1'.

(No Model.)

F. S. MORRIS.

MULTITUBULAR STEAM BOILER.

No. 338,861. Patented Mar. 30, 1886.

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P. S. MORRIS.

MULTITUBULAR STEAM BOILBR.

No. 338,861. Patented Mar. 30, 1886.

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FRANCIS S. MORRIS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

MULTITUBULAR STEAM-BOILER.

BPEIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 338,861, dated March 307 1886.

Application filed September 22, 1885. Serial No. 177,841.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, FRANCIS SANDERS Mon- Ris, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Multitubular Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in multitubular steam-boilers, the improvements having for their object to provide an increased and more efficient heating-surface than hitherto, whereby steam is more rapidly generated and at a less expense of fuel than by the ordinary construction of boiler.

lWIy invention consists in a special construction, and in which tubes known as fieldtubes, or analogoustubes, are employed in combination with f1re-tubes, by inserting such field or analogous tubes within the fire-tubes, all as hereinafter more particularly set forth.

In carrying out my invention the iire-tubes are of sufficient area to allow' of an annular space being left between and around the fieldtubes. The field-tubes hang pendently from a tube-plate, which plate forms the top of a chamber which I propose to call the secondary combustion-chamber. In the bottom plate of this chamber are fixed the fire-tubes, their lower ends being expanded into the bottom tube-plate, which forms the top of the ordinary or primary combustion-chamber or fire-box. The iield-tubes are regulated in length by the fire-tubes, being continued in length till they are flush with the bottom tubeplate, orthey may extend below the lire-tubes, and their extremities eonjointly with their orifices ofthe fire-tubes are mostly immediately above the furnace and directly exposed to the action of the flames. 'Ihe products of combustion being conducted through the annular spaces around the held or analogous tubes, become thoroughly and substantially divided and well utilized before they reach the secondary combustionchamber, and nally pass out from the boiler through an uptake connected with this upper chamber. I sometimes dish the tubeplate,forming the top of the primary combustionchamber or nre box, and into which, as above stated, are expanded the lower ends of the fire-tubes. The eonvexity of the plate will be toward the interior of the (No model.)

water-space. By this means the disposition of extraneous matter in the pockets77 is greatly facilitated, and will so prevent the accumulation of scale and incrustation around and between the tubes; but I do not in all eases so dish the tube-plate. In some cases I find it advantageous to employ a large central firetube without a held-tube, and having, if required, a baffle. This central tube facilitates the clearing ofthesecondary combustion-chamber and assists in regulating the draft.

In order to enable my invention to be fully understood, I will proceed to describe the same by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l represents a vertical section of a vertical multitubular steam-boiler construct ed according to my invention, and in which all the field-tubes are shown of uniform length, and having their lower ends level with the extremities of the fire-tubes. The boiler is shown provided with a large central re tube. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectiomdrawn to a larger scale, of one of the combined field and fire tubes, showing also a portion of the top and bottom plates of the secondary combustion-chamber and top plate of the lire-box. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line A B of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a section of a vertical boiler having a central water-tube and field-tubes of unequal lengths, some of the latter projecting downward beyond the bottoms of the nre-tubes. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line C D of Fig. 5.

Similar letters in all the figures represent similar or corresponding parts.

Referring to Figs. l and 2, a represents the shell of the boiler, which shell is of ordinary construction. b b, Figs. l, 2, 3, and 4, arethe fire-tubes. ccarethecirculating-tubes,placed within water-tubes d d, the said tubes c and cl together forming what are known aseld tubes, which are inserted within the tire-tubes b, as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4. e e are the spaces left around the field-tubes c d, and between the same and the re-tubes b. ff are the usual water-spaces between the tubes @and d. g is the tube-plate from which the fieldtubes c d are pendently hung, and h is the chamber which I call the secondary combus- IOC tion-chamber, of which the tube-plateg forms the top. z' is the bottom-plate of the chamber h, from which plate t' are suspended the fire-tubes b. j is the bottom tube-plate, which forms the top of the ordinary or primary combustion-chamber or fire-box, k, and into which are expanded the lower ends of the fire-tubes b. In this arrangement the lower ends of the field-tubes c d are shown level with those of the fire-tubes b, which latter are iiush, or nearly so,with the bottom tube-plate, j. They are, in fact, expanded into the said plate in the ordinary manner. Z is the large central re-tube leading from the nre-box k to the secondary combustion-chamber h. m is the baffle in the fire-tube Z, which baffle m can be operated by means of a rod, n, so as to raise and lower the same for the purpose of regulating the draft through the fire-tubes b.V 0 is the uptake for conveying the products of combustion from the chamber h out of the boiler. I4 have here shown the tube-plate j (forming the top of the primary combustionchamber or re-box) dished, the convexity being toward the interior of the water-space, aS shown.

By placing the water-tubes d entirely within the fire-tubes, as hereinbefore described and shown in Fig. l, they will be protected from the results of careless stoking, as the risk of the water-tubes becoming loosened through being struck is entirely obviated. This I consider in some cases to be an important improvement on an ordinary hanging watertube boiler. The products of combustion formed in the primary combustion-chamber k are conducted through the annular spaces e around the water-tubes d in the direction shown by the arrows in Fig. 2, and become thereby thoroughly and substantially divided, and well utilized beforetheyreach the secondary combustion-chamber h, whence they passV through the uptake o and out of the boiler. The circulation of the water in the eld-tubes c d takes place in the usual mannerthat is to say, from the inside of the shella of the boiler down through the tubes c, and then up through the tubes cl in the direction shown by the arrows in Fig. 3.

rIhe secondary combustion-chamber h is of great importance with a sharp draft and when burning certain kinds of fuel, as the escaping volatile portions of the fuel become reignited uipon reaching this chamberh,which thereby becomes a most efficient heating-surface.

In the boiler shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the arrangement of the Iield-tubes and iire-tubes is substantially the same as that hereinbefore deboiler. The boiler is also provided with small fieldtubes and retubes,as shown, to allow of sufficient space being left between the larger tubes, as the space occupied by the insertion of the central or auxiliary water-tube prevents a sufficient number of tubes of equal diameter being advantageously arranged in the tubeplates.

a a a a are stay-tubes for staying the upper and lower re-tube plates, and j. In addition to the stay-tubes a', I also employ the usual stays, b, connecting the tube-plate g with the top of the boiler. Iconsider it advantageous to employ the stay-tubes a, inasmuch as it is dangerous to allow the tubeplates t' and j to depend entirely for their support on the ordinary fire-tubes, as the tubes in time become worn away.

o represents'the uptake, which, by reason of the central water-tube, p, being employed, is placed at the side of and outside the boiler,

instead of passing through the center thereof,

as in Fig. l. For the purpose of equalizing the distribution'of the heat, I sometimes employ two of such uptakes o, communicating with the chamber h, one placed at each side of the boiler. g is a door to allow of cleaning out the chamber h.

r r are hand-holes for cleaning out other.

parts of the boiler. The bottom tube-plate, j, is shown flat instead of being dished, as in Fig. 1, and the larger field-tubes c d are shown slightly extended below the bottom ends of the fire-tubes b.

The lower ends of the field-tubes c d and dre-tubes b are, as will be seen by referring to Figs. l and 5 of the drawings, immediately above the furnace k, and will therefore be di,- rectly exposed to the action of the flames.

It will be observed that ample provision is made for thoroughly cleaning my improved boilers from scalev and other extraneous matter common to all classes of boilers.

Among the many advantages to be derived from the use o`f boilers constructed according to my invention, the following may be mentioned as those of primary importance: A great economy is elfectedin the consumption of fuel, owing to the increased and more eicient heating-surface. My improved arrangement of tubes-admits of a considerable reduction in the size of a boiler as compared with those of ordinary construction.

Vhile retaining all the valuable features of afield or analogous pendent water-tube, I pro- IOO IIO

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duce a greater efficiency as regards the localie i -zation and concentration of the products of combustion around the fleld or analogous water-tubes, and at the same time I utilize heat not previously employed to raise steam in ordinary water-tube boilers by transmitting the said heat to the water around the fire-tubes. I

Having now particularly described aud ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim isl. A multitubular steam-boiler having a series of iire-tubes extending down to the {irechamber, a series of field or analogous tubes inserted in said fire-tubes, alarge central iiretube, Z, communicating with the secondary combustion-chamber h, and a baiiie at the top of the fire-tube Z for regulating the draft through the fire-tubes, all substantially as shown, and for the purposes described.

2. A multitubular steam-boiler having a