US3308435A - Control for counting mechanism - Google Patents

Control for counting mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US3308435A
US3308435A US164505A US16450562A US3308435A US 3308435 A US3308435 A US 3308435A US 164505 A US164505 A US 164505A US 16450562 A US16450562 A US 16450562A US 3308435 A US3308435 A US 3308435A
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Prior art keywords
recording
signals
counting mechanism
amplifier
counting
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Expired - Lifetime
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US164505A
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Haner Lambert
Leonard H Brown
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Avtron Manufacturing Inc
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Avtron Manufacturing Inc
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Priority to US164505A priority Critical patent/US3308435A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/245—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train
    • G01D5/2451—Incremental encoders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D18/00—Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/37—Measurements
    • G05B2219/37159—Source of pulse, pulse derived from gear, plate teeth

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric control scheme believed to have particular significance in connection with mechanism for counting.
  • the producer of the transducer could not, in the past, supply standarized oif-the-shelf equipment at low cost while still useable with various sized rollers owned by his various customers, and, in the past, any ultimate user has found is extremely diflicult to properly re-cali brate after the roller wears during use or is ground down as an ordinary maintenance step.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide counting mechanism in which close tolerances can be maintained to provide highly accurate measurements with minimal supervision.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a rotary pulse transducer which is unusually compact but in which the pulses per revolution may be varied easily and quickly even by non-skilled personnel.
  • an adjustable frequency generator is periodically used to feed a recording head (e.g., while the generator is being and after it is adjusted).
  • the recording head records the signal on a magnetic tape on a wheel driven by apparatus the revolutions of which, when properly calibrated by the equipment plus or minus, are to be counted.
  • signals are recorded on the magnetic tape wheel, a playback head is used to sense these recorded signals and feed them to a counter.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified one line diagram of apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a modification for a portion of the circuit of FIG. 1.
  • a wheel carries a continuous band of magnetic recording tape 11 cooperable with a recording head 12 and pickup head 13.
  • an erase feature may be incorporated in the recording head 12, or a separate erase head (not shown) may be used at proper times.
  • the tape wheel 10 and its shaft 14 are driven by a roller or friction disc (not shown) responsive to travel of a strip.
  • a supply switch 16 is closed power is taken to a switch 17, and when 17 is in the Calibrate (closed) position power is fed to a signal generator 18 which has a rate or frequency adjustment feature provided as by voltage divider 18a.
  • Signals take the direction indicated by the arrows in the drawing, and the adjustable frequency generator supplies signals (e.g., pulses, alternations, or whatever) to a recording amplifier 19 which in turn feeds recording head 12 to record signals (preferably responsive to pulses) on the magnetic tape 11. With rotation of 14 and 11 these signals are picked up by the head 13 and supplied to a pre-amplifier 20.
  • the pre-amplifier, or amplifier might be a better word for 20 if no further amplification is needed, energizes a counting means 22 which can be of any known type (for example having decade counting tubes). If desired, a time interval responsive gate 21 can be inserted, as in FIG.
  • readout we mean to include either visual display of numeral indication (as by lights) or further control (for example, strip shearing, feed chute lowering, packaging machine starting, or whatever), or both.
  • the switch 17 is thrown to Calibrate and by means of adjustment of the adjustable frequency generator proper signals are recorded on the tape wheel.
  • the playback head through the pre-amplifier and counter, simultaneously produces the count for the particular rate to which the pulse generator is adjusted at any moment.
  • a supervisor can readily adjust the generator to provide proper pulse (or other) signal at any given speed of the tape, and as soon as he removes the Calibrate energization the counter will automatically read linear strip travel (or whatever) even if the strip is slowed down or speeded up.
  • the supervisor merely recloses the calibrate switch and adjusts the pulse generator, but between adjustments the switch 17 is thrown to the Run (011) position and drive speed and pre-recorded pulses cooperate to determine the readout count.
  • the position of the calibrating switch could be changed from the power line shown to one of the signal lines affecting recording head 12 or such a switch could be eliminated by merely turning down the gain of the recording amplifier 19 to such a point that it becomes ineffectual to cause the head 12 to record any new signals on the tape 11 during Run, while, during Calibrating the operator turns up the gain, observes the display, decides if the count is high or low, and adjusts the pulse generator accordingiy.
  • Advantages of the arrangement include the fact that the recording of variable rate signals is easy, quick, permanent for as long as desired, and still changeable, and, unlike any variable speed ratio gearing as known in the prior art, inexpensive to make and to install and conveni-ent for factory personnel to adjust.
  • Counting mechanism comprising a mechanically driven member
  • a pickup means arranged to reproduce recorded signals by cooperation with said medium
  • Counting mechanism as in claim 1 further char acterized by means for selectively energizing or not energizing the recording head from the pulse source while the counting means remains cooperable with the pickup head.
  • Counting mechanism as in claim 2 further characterized by a recording amplifier interposed between signal source and recording means, and the combination of a pickup amplifier, and a time interval responsive gate,
  • the means for adjusting frequency comprising a manually movable knob.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Recording Measured Values (AREA)

Description

' Marh 7,1967
FIGI
L. HANER ET AL 3,308,435
CONTROL FOR COUNTING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 5, 1962 MANUALLY MOVABLE KNOB "8O RECORDlNG ADJ FREQ AMPLIFIER PULSE GEN I I9 m RUN xx CALIBRATE OFF 6 RmR. [6 ON BxL EONARD H. BROWN ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,308,435 CONTROL FOR COUNTING MECHANISM Lambert Haner, Rocky River, and Leonard H. Brown,
University Heights, Ohio, assignors to Avtron Manufacturing Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Filed Jan. 5, 1962, Ser. No. 164,505 4 Claims. (Cl. 340-468) The present invention relates to an electric control scheme believed to have particular significance in connection with mechanism for counting.
Heret-ofore known have been pulse transducers using a magnetic pickup or a photocell to generate pulses responsive to rotary movement of gear teeth or slots in a rotating disc. In some applications the fact that such transducers give a fixed number of pulses per revolution has been disadvantageous. Heretofore correction could not readily be made to make such equipment universal. Suppose, for example, that the rotation is derived from an ordinary process roller contacting linearly moving steel (or paper, etc.) strip, linear lengths of which are to be measured. The producer of the transducer could not, in the past, supply standarized oif-the-shelf equipment at low cost while still useable with various sized rollers owned by his various customers, and, in the past, any ultimate user has found is extremely diflicult to properly re-cali brate after the roller wears during use or is ground down as an ordinary maintenance step.
It is an object of the present invention to provide simple means for overcoming the above mentioned difficulties.
Another object of the invention is to provide counting mechanism in which close tolerances can be maintained to provide highly accurate measurements with minimal supervision.
Another object of the invention is to provide a rotary pulse transducer which is unusually compact but in which the pulses per revolution may be varied easily and quickly even by non-skilled personnel.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention an adjustable frequency generator is periodically used to feed a recording head (e.g., while the generator is being and after it is adjusted). The recording head records the signal on a magnetic tape on a wheel driven by apparatus the revolutions of which, when properly calibrated by the equipment plus or minus, are to be counted. When responsive to signal from the adjustable frequency generator, signals are recorded on the magnetic tape wheel, a playback head is used to sense these recorded signals and feed them to a counter.
Other objects and advantages will become apparent and the invention may be better understood from consideration of the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a simplified one line diagram of apparatus according to the invention; and
FIG. 2 illustrates a modification for a portion of the circuit of FIG. 1.
Referring now to the drawing, a wheel carries a continuous band of magnetic recording tape 11 cooperable with a recording head 12 and pickup head 13. As is conventional, an erase feature may be incorporated in the recording head 12, or a separate erase head (not shown) may be used at proper times. Let it be assumed that the tape wheel 10 and its shaft 14 are driven by a roller or friction disc (not shown) responsive to travel of a strip. As shown in the drawing when a supply switch 16 is closed power is taken to a switch 17, and when 17 is in the Calibrate (closed) position power is fed to a signal generator 18 which has a rate or frequency adjustment feature provided as by voltage divider 18a. Signals take the direction indicated by the arrows in the drawing, and the adjustable frequency generator supplies signals (e.g., pulses, alternations, or whatever) to a recording amplifier 19 which in turn feeds recording head 12 to record signals (preferably responsive to pulses) on the magnetic tape 11. With rotation of 14 and 11 these signals are picked up by the head 13 and supplied to a pre-amplifier 20. The pre-amplifier, or amplifier might be a better word for 20 if no further amplification is needed, energizes a counting means 22 which can be of any known type (for example having decade counting tubes). If desired, a time interval responsive gate 21 can be inserted, as in FIG. 2 between amplifier and counter, or incorporated within the counter to determine when the counting starts and stops, but with or without thus establishing unit time the counter'operates responsive to amplifier 20 to provide a readout. By the term readout we mean to include either visual display of numeral indication (as by lights) or further control (for example, strip shearing, feed chute lowering, packaging machine starting, or whatever), or both.
In operation, after the tape wheel 10 is running, e.g., due to lateral movement of a strip or belt, the switch 17 is thrown to Calibrate and by means of adjustment of the adjustable frequency generator proper signals are recorded on the tape wheel. Meanwhile the playback head, through the pre-amplifier and counter, simultaneously produces the count for the particular rate to which the pulse generator is adjusted at any moment. Typically, a supervisor can readily adjust the generator to provide proper pulse (or other) signal at any given speed of the tape, and as soon as he removes the Calibrate energization the counter will automatically read linear strip travel (or whatever) even if the strip is slowed down or speeded up. As the driving disc or roller wears, or if it is replaced, the supervisor merely recloses the calibrate switch and adjusts the pulse generator, but between adjustments the switch 17 is thrown to the Run (011) position and drive speed and pre-recorded pulses cooperate to determine the readout count.
Within the spirit of the invention other arrangements could 'be used instead. The position of the calibrating switch could be changed from the power line shown to one of the signal lines affecting recording head 12 or such a switch could be eliminated by merely turning down the gain of the recording amplifier 19 to such a point that it becomes ineffectual to cause the head 12 to record any new signals on the tape 11 during Run, while, during Calibrating the operator turns up the gain, observes the display, decides if the count is high or low, and adjusts the pulse generator accordingiy.
Advantages of the arrangement include the fact that the recording of variable rate signals is easy, quick, permanent for as long as desired, and still changeable, and, unlike any variable speed ratio gearing as known in the prior art, inexpensive to make and to install and conveni-ent for factory personnel to adjust.
While we have illustrated and described a particular embodiment, various modifications may obviously be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention which we intend to have defined only by the appended claims taken with all reasonable equivalents.
We claim:
1. Counting mechanism comprising a mechanically driven member,
a recording medium carried by said member,
signal recording means c-ooperable with said medium for recording signals thereon,
a periodic signal source arranged for energizing said recording means,
a pickup means arranged to reproduce recorded signals by cooperation with said medium,
a counting means arranged to be energized from said pickup means and afford a readout, and means for adjusting the frequency of the signal from the source. 2. Counting mechanism as in claim 1 further char acterized by means for selectively energizing or not energizing the recording head from the pulse source while the counting means remains cooperable with the pickup head. 3. Counting mechanism as in claim 2 further characterized by a recording amplifier interposed between signal source and recording means, and the combination of a pickup amplifier, and a time interval responsive gate,
5 by the means for adjusting frequency comprising a manually movable knob.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,970,302 1/1961 Gridley 340-271 2,983,867 5/1961 Sperry 324-7O 3,041,585
6/1962 Wolfe 340-1741 NEIL C. READ, Primary Examiner.
L. A. HOFFMAN, A. W. WARING,
Assistant Examiners.

Claims (1)

1. COUNTING MECHANISM COMPRISING A MECHANICALLY DRIVEN MEMBER, A RECORDING MEDIUM CARRIED BY SAID MEMBER, SIGNAL RECORDING MEANS COOPERABLE WITH SAID MEDIUM FOR RECORDING SIGNALS THEREON, A PERIODIC SIGNAL SOURCE ARRANGED FOR ENERGIZING SAID RECORDING MEANS, A PICKUP MEANS ARRANGED TO REPRODUCE RECORDED SIGNALS BY COOPERATION WITH SAID MEDIUM,
US164505A 1962-01-05 1962-01-05 Control for counting mechanism Expired - Lifetime US3308435A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3641535A (en) * 1969-05-13 1972-02-08 Bendix Corp Positioning apparatus employing a magnetized screw thread
US3732608A (en) * 1969-05-13 1973-05-15 Bendix Corp Method of making a precision positioning apparatus
US4444064A (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-04-24 General Electric Company Electromagnetic torque measuring instrumentation for a rotating shaft
US4692933A (en) * 1986-03-24 1987-09-08 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Electro-mechanical integrator

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2970302A (en) * 1950-12-08 1961-01-31 Darrin H Gridley Digital synchro data transmission system
US2983867A (en) * 1956-02-27 1961-05-09 Sperry Rand Corp Electrical speedometer
US3041585A (en) * 1953-07-14 1962-06-26 Ncr Co Dynamic clock recorder

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2970302A (en) * 1950-12-08 1961-01-31 Darrin H Gridley Digital synchro data transmission system
US3041585A (en) * 1953-07-14 1962-06-26 Ncr Co Dynamic clock recorder
US2983867A (en) * 1956-02-27 1961-05-09 Sperry Rand Corp Electrical speedometer

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3641535A (en) * 1969-05-13 1972-02-08 Bendix Corp Positioning apparatus employing a magnetized screw thread
US3732608A (en) * 1969-05-13 1973-05-15 Bendix Corp Method of making a precision positioning apparatus
US4444064A (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-04-24 General Electric Company Electromagnetic torque measuring instrumentation for a rotating shaft
US4692933A (en) * 1986-03-24 1987-09-08 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Electro-mechanical integrator

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