US2525092A - Method of applying helical fins to tubes - Google Patents

Method of applying helical fins to tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2525092A
US2525092A US57527A US5752748A US2525092A US 2525092 A US2525092 A US 2525092A US 57527 A US57527 A US 57527A US 5752748 A US5752748 A US 5752748A US 2525092 A US2525092 A US 2525092A
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tube
fin
groove
base
metal
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US57527A
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Bruegger Ernest
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Griscom Russell Co
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Griscom Russell Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/22—Making finned or ribbed tubes by fixing strip or like material to tubes
    • B21C37/26—Making finned or ribbed tubes by fixing strip or like material to tubes helically-ribbed tubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
    • Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
    • Y10T29/49382—Helically finned

Definitions

  • This invention relates to finned tubing and the method of making the same, and more particularly to an improvement upon the type of finned tubing shown, for example, in the patent to Berg, No. 1,668,534.
  • Tubing of the type shown inthis patent is widel used in many forms of heat exchangers, particularly the so-called atmospheric coolers wherein the liquid to be cooled is circulated in the tubes and air is circulated over the finned outer surface of the tubes. In suchtubes it is important that the joint between the base of the fin and the tube wall be a good heat conducting joint. Otherwise the eificiency of the fin surface is greatly impaired.
  • the object of my invention is to increase the mechanical strength and the heat conductivity of the joint between the base of a helically wound fin and the tube upon which it i wound without necessitating an increase in the depth of the grooves, as would be required in the manufacture of tubing such as disclosed in the above mentioned Berg patent. I attain this result primarily by cutting the grooves in the tube at an angle to the tube surface so that the depth of the groove from the standpoint of the width of the fin edge which is in contact with the metal of the groove is substantially increased without reducing the thickness of the tube wall from the base of the groove to the interior surface of the tube.
  • the inner edge of the helically wound fin is also bent at an angle to the plane of the portion of the fin which will be exposed after the fin is applied to the tube, and the metal of the tube adjacent the groove is compressed down over the bent foot of the tube so that the area of the metalto-metal contact around the base of the tube is substantially double that obtained in a tube of conventional construction such as shown in the above mentioned Berg patent.
  • Fig. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of a tube after it is grooved in accordance with my improvement and with the base of the fin inserted in the groove;
  • Fig. 2 is a similar section of the finished tube showing the effect of the crimping roller on the metal forming the joint between the fin and the tube;
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are views similar to Figs. 1 and 2, respectively, showing a somewhat modifie form of groove;
  • Fig. 5 is an elevational view on a smaller scale of a short section of tubing embodying my invention.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 I indicates the tube wall and 2 the fin. the thickness of the metal being considerably exaggerated.
  • the fin 2 as shown in'Fig. 5, is helically wound around the tube to provide closely spaced fins, as there illustrated.
  • the base 3 of the fin that is, the inner edge of the fin as it is wound around the tube, is turned at an angle to the plane of the fin of about 60 and the tube is formed with a helical groove of triangular cross section, as shown at 4 in Fig. 1, with the plane of the base of the groove at an angle of 60 to the surface of the tube.
  • the groove is preferably formed by a cuttin instrument which is shaped to turn the metal taken from the groove outwardly at substantially right angles to the outer surface of the tube, forming a helical rib 5 as shown in Fig. 1, and is preferably undercut as shown.
  • the metal of the projecting rib 5 is pressed down against the base of the fin in the manner shown in Fig. 2 by a pressing roller having its perimeter of suitable contour to properly shape the metal over the base of the tube and at the same time compress the flange at the base of the tube outwardly at its edge to snugly fit within the un dercut portion of the groove.
  • the fin is firmly anchored in the metal of the tube and the area of the metal-to-metal contact at the base of the fin is over twice as great as could be secured according to the method of the Berg patent above cited with a similar tube without further reducing the wall thicknes between the base of the groove and the interior surface of the tube.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown a somewhat modified form of my invention, and as here shown, the groove in the tube is not undercut as in the preferred construction shown in Fig. I. That is to say, the face of the rib la is at a somewhat obtuse angle to the axis of the tube so that the edge or the fin which is at right angles to the face of the fin substantially fits the groove as it is wound upon the tube.
  • the metal of the rib 5a is rolled down and compressed against the base of the fln in the manner previously described, but as the base of the fin fills the groove there is no compression of the base metal into an undercut portion of the groove.
  • My improved tube may be made in various ways. either by winding the fiat metal stri p directly upon the grooved tube, thereby coiling the fin and bending the inner edge to the appropriate angle at one operation or, if desired, the fin may be formed and precoiled before it is applied to the tube. Both methods are in wide use in the manufacture of finned tubing of the type shown in the above mentioned Berg patent.
  • the inner edge of the fin may be bent to a greater or less angle to the plane of the fin than here shown and may also be curved, if desired, or otherwise shaped to present a portion at a substantial angle to the main radial portion of the fin to thereby increase the area of the metal-to-metal joint between the fin and the tubing without increasing the depth of the groove in the tube wall.
  • the method of making heat exchanger tubes which comprises forming in the tube wall a helical groove having its base at an angle to the wall of the tube. and simultaneously turning the metal from the groove outwardly to form a ridge 4 of metal at the deeper edge of the groove, winding a fin in the groove with the side of the fin at its base portion fiat against the bottom of said groove, and then pressing the ridge of metal over and against the outer side of the base of the fin.
  • the method of making heat exchanger tubes which comprises forming in the tube wall a helical groove having its base at an angle of about 30 to the wall of the tube, and simultaneously turning the metal from the groove outwardly to form a helical ridge of triangular cross-section, winding a fin in the groove with the side of the fin at its base portion fiat against the bottom of said groove, and then pressing the ridge of metal over and against the outer side of the base of the fin.
  • the method of making heat exchanger tubes which comprises forming in the tube wall a helical groove having its base at an angle of about 30 to the wall of the tube, and simultaneously turning the metal from the groove outwardly to form a helical ridge of triangular crosssection, bending a metal ribbon along one edge to an angle to the main width of the ribbon to form a fin having a base portion, winding the fin in the groove with the side of the fin at its base portion fiat against the bottom of said groove, and then pressing the ridge of metal over and against the outer side of the base of the fin.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Oct. 10
E. BRUEGGER 2,525m92 METHOD OF APPLYING HELICAL FINS TO TUBES Filed Oct. 30, 1948 Fig]- ig.3;
/ I I V 1 2 l .3, I Z
INVE R I BY I j m I Patented Oct. 10, 1950 METHOD OF APPLYING HELICAL FINS TUBE Ernest Bruegger, Massillon, Ohio, assignor to The Griscom Russell Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application October 30,1948, Serial No. 57,527
3 Claims. I This invention relates to finned tubing and the method of making the same, and more particularly to an improvement upon the type of finned tubing shown, for example, in the patent to Berg, No. 1,668,534. Tubing of the type shown inthis patent is widel used in many forms of heat exchangers, particularly the so-called atmospheric coolers wherein the liquid to be cooled is circulated in the tubes and air is circulated over the finned outer surface of the tubes. In suchtubes it is important that the joint between the base of the fin and the tube wall be a good heat conducting joint. Otherwise the eificiency of the fin surface is greatly impaired.
As the thickness of the tube wall from the base of the grooves to the inside of the tube must be suflicient to withstand the internal pressure to which the tube is subjected, a deep groove can be obtained only at the expense of adding metal to the tube beyond the amount required for the pressure of the liquid to be handled. It is therefore desirable to limit the depth of the grooves of the tube wall as far as possible consistent with having a mechanically tight and good heat-conducting joint between the base of the fin and the tube wall.
The object of my invention is to increase the mechanical strength and the heat conductivity of the joint between the base of a helically wound fin and the tube upon which it i wound without necessitating an increase in the depth of the grooves, as would be required in the manufacture of tubing such as disclosed in the above mentioned Berg patent. I attain this result primarily by cutting the grooves in the tube at an angle to the tube surface so that the depth of the groove from the standpoint of the width of the fin edge which is in contact with the metal of the groove is substantially increased without reducing the thickness of the tube wall from the base of the groove to the interior surface of the tube. The inner edge of the helically wound fin is also bent at an angle to the plane of the portion of the fin which will be exposed after the fin is applied to the tube, and the metal of the tube adjacent the groove is compressed down over the bent foot of the tube so that the area of the metalto-metal contact around the base of the tube is substantially double that obtained in a tube of conventional construction such as shown in the above mentioned Berg patent.
In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated two somewhat different modifications of my improved tubing and, referring to the drawings,
Fig. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of a tube after it is grooved in accordance with my improvement and with the base of the fin inserted in the groove;
Fig. 2 is a similar section of the finished tube showing the effect of the crimping roller on the metal forming the joint between the fin and the tube;
Figs. 3 and 4 are views similar to Figs. 1 and 2, respectively, showing a somewhat modifie form of groove; and
Fig. 5 is an elevational view on a smaller scale of a short section of tubing embodying my invention.
Referring to the drawings, particularly Figs. 1 and 2, I indicates the tube wall and 2 the fin. the thickness of the metal being considerably exaggerated. The fin 2 as shown in'Fig. 5, is helically wound around the tube to provide closely spaced fins, as there illustrated. The base 3 of the fin, that is, the inner edge of the fin as it is wound around the tube, is turned at an angle to the plane of the fin of about 60 and the tube is formed with a helical groove of triangular cross section, as shown at 4 in Fig. 1, with the plane of the base of the groove at an angle of 60 to the surface of the tube.
The groove is preferably formed by a cuttin instrument which is shaped to turn the metal taken from the groove outwardly at substantially right angles to the outer surface of the tube, forming a helical rib 5 as shown in Fig. 1, and is preferably undercut as shown. After the fin is wound around the tube, which may be accomplished in any approved manner, the metal of the projecting rib 5 is pressed down against the base of the fin in the manner shown in Fig. 2 by a pressing roller having its perimeter of suitable contour to properly shape the metal over the base of the tube and at the same time compress the flange at the base of the tube outwardly at its edge to snugly fit within the un dercut portion of the groove. After the pressing operation is complete the fin is firmly anchored in the metal of the tube and the area of the metal-to-metal contact at the base of the fin is over twice as great as could be secured according to the method of the Berg patent above cited with a similar tube without further reducing the wall thicknes between the base of the groove and the interior surface of the tube.
In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown a somewhat modified form of my invention, and as here shown, the groove in the tube is not undercut as in the preferred construction shown in Fig. I. That is to say, the face of the rib la is at a somewhat obtuse angle to the axis of the tube so that the edge or the fin which is at right angles to the face of the fin substantially fits the groove as it is wound upon the tube.
The metal of the rib 5a is rolled down and compressed against the base of the fln in the manner previously described, but as the base of the fin fills the groove there is no compression of the base metal into an undercut portion of the groove.
My improved tube may be made in various ways. either by winding the fiat metal stri p directly upon the grooved tube, thereby coiling the fin and bending the inner edge to the appropriate angle at one operation or, if desired, the fin may be formed and precoiled before it is applied to the tube. Both methods are in wide use in the manufacture of finned tubing of the type shown in the above mentioned Berg patent. It will also of course be understood that the inner edge of the fin may be bent to a greater or less angle to the plane of the fin than here shown and may also be curved, if desired, or otherwise shaped to present a portion at a substantial angle to the main radial portion of the fin to thereby increase the area of the metal-to-metal joint between the fin and the tubing without increasing the depth of the groove in the tube wall.
It will also be understood that my invention is otherwise not limited to the precise structure shown and described herein, but may be variously modified within the scope of the appended claims.
I claim:
1. The method of making heat exchanger tubes which comprises forming in the tube wall a helical groove having its base at an angle to the wall of the tube. and simultaneously turning the metal from the groove outwardly to form a ridge 4 of metal at the deeper edge of the groove, winding a fin in the groove with the side of the fin at its base portion fiat against the bottom of said groove, and then pressing the ridge of metal over and against the outer side of the base of the fin.
2. The method of making heat exchanger tubes which comprises forming in the tube wall a helical groove having its base at an angle of about 30 to the wall of the tube, and simultaneously turning the metal from the groove outwardly to form a helical ridge of triangular cross-section, winding a fin in the groove with the side of the fin at its base portion fiat against the bottom of said groove, and then pressing the ridge of metal over and against the outer side of the base of the fin.
3. The method of making heat exchanger tubes which comprises forming in the tube wall a helical groove having its base at an angle of about 30 to the wall of the tube, and simultaneously turning the metal from the groove outwardly to form a helical ridge of triangular crosssection, bending a metal ribbon along one edge to an angle to the main width of the ribbon to form a fin having a base portion, winding the fin in the groove with the side of the fin at its base portion fiat against the bottom of said groove, and then pressing the ridge of metal over and against the outer side of the base of the fin.
ERNEST BRUEGGER.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 808,490 Swan Dec. 26, 1905 851,977 Bigsby Apr. 30, 1907 1,928,639 Berg Oct. 3, 1933
US57527A 1948-10-30 1948-10-30 Method of applying helical fins to tubes Expired - Lifetime US2525092A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2981669A (en) * 1958-10-22 1961-04-25 Sylvania Corning Nuclear Corp Reactor fuel plate assembly and method
US3113083A (en) * 1959-03-27 1963-12-03 Gen Electric Plate assembly and method of fabrication
US3468372A (en) * 1967-05-22 1969-09-23 Happy Co Heat transfer finned tubing
US4248179A (en) * 1979-07-13 1981-02-03 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Internally grooved heat transfer conduit
US20100270014A1 (en) * 2009-04-23 2010-10-28 Tsung-Hsien Huang Heat sink with radially arranged radiation fins
CN102561448A (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-07-11 利勃海尔液压挖掘机有限公司 Device for processing material
US20120297762A1 (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-11-29 Liebherr-Hydraulikbagger Gmbh Implement
CN102561448B (en) * 2010-11-17 2016-12-14 利勃海尔液压挖掘机有限公司 The machinery processed for material
CN108326514A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-07-27 广东长盈精密技术有限公司 Mobile phone center processing technology

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US808490A (en) * 1904-02-16 1905-12-26 William B Swan Air-cooling construction for engine-cylinders, radiators, &c.
US851977A (en) * 1906-03-09 1907-04-30 Jesse W Bigsby Explosive-engine cylinder.
US1928639A (en) * 1929-11-14 1933-10-03 Alfred J Berg Method of making heat exchangers

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US808490A (en) * 1904-02-16 1905-12-26 William B Swan Air-cooling construction for engine-cylinders, radiators, &c.
US851977A (en) * 1906-03-09 1907-04-30 Jesse W Bigsby Explosive-engine cylinder.
US1928639A (en) * 1929-11-14 1933-10-03 Alfred J Berg Method of making heat exchangers

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2981669A (en) * 1958-10-22 1961-04-25 Sylvania Corning Nuclear Corp Reactor fuel plate assembly and method
US3113083A (en) * 1959-03-27 1963-12-03 Gen Electric Plate assembly and method of fabrication
US3468372A (en) * 1967-05-22 1969-09-23 Happy Co Heat transfer finned tubing
US4248179A (en) * 1979-07-13 1981-02-03 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Internally grooved heat transfer conduit
US20100270014A1 (en) * 2009-04-23 2010-10-28 Tsung-Hsien Huang Heat sink with radially arranged radiation fins
CN102561448A (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-07-11 利勃海尔液压挖掘机有限公司 Device for processing material
US20120291429A1 (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-11-22 Liebherr-Hydraulikbagger Gmbh Implement
US20120297762A1 (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-11-29 Liebherr-Hydraulikbagger Gmbh Implement
CN102561448B (en) * 2010-11-17 2016-12-14 利勃海尔液压挖掘机有限公司 The machinery processed for material
US9593465B2 (en) * 2010-11-17 2017-03-14 Liebherr-Hydraulikbagger Gmbh Heat exchanger for energy recovery cylinder
US9644344B2 (en) * 2010-11-17 2017-05-09 Liebherr-Hydraulikbagger Gmbh Temperature control of energy recovery cylinder
CN108326514A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-07-27 广东长盈精密技术有限公司 Mobile phone center processing technology

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