US2477594A - Dual type electron discharge device - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 2, 1949. J. J. GLAUBER DUAL TYPE ELECTRON DISCHARGE DEVICE Filed March 27, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. Jam J uiz/55,?

1949- J. J. GLAUBER DUAL TYPE'ELECTRON DISCHARGE DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 27, 1946 INVENTOR. JOHN J 01 4050? Patented Aug. 2, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DUAL TYPE ELECTRON DISCHARGE DEVICE Application March 27, 1946, Serial No. 657,414

Claims. 1

This invention relates to electron discharge devices, especially those designed for operation at frequencies above several hundred megacycles, and particularly to dual type electron discharge devices.

An object of the present invention is the provision of an improved electron discharge device.

Another object is the provision of an improved electron discharge device of the dual type, that is, an electron discharge device containing two sections within a single envelope.

Another object is the provision of an improved dual type electron discharge device in which the leads are arranged for connection to transmission lines so as to provide for gradual transition from said lines to the electrodes and to minimize capacity between the input and output sides of said devices.

A further object is the provision of an improved assembly for electron discharge devices, particularly of the dual type. A feature of the present invention is the ease with which the device may be assembled and the accurate anode spacing which is maintained at all times.

Other and further objects of the present invention will become apparent and the invention will be best understood from the following description of embodiments thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electron discharge device embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View, partly broken away, taken substantially along the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detail of the electron discharge device illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of an arrangement embodying an electron discharge device of the type illustrated in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modifled form of electron discharge device embodying my invention.

Referring now to Fig. 1, the electron discharge device there illustrated includes an envelope generally designated by the numeral l comprised of a cylindrical member 2, preferably metallic, having secured thereto at opposite ends thereof, two headers 3 and l respectively which headers may be of glass and which are sealed to knife edges generally designated by the numeral 5 extending from the cylindrical member 2. Within the envelope l, a dish-shaped metallic mounting member 6 is attached to one end of the cylindrical member 2, the dish-shaped member 6 being punched out toward the center thereof to form a flange 1 around a central opening 8. The electrode assembly generally designated by the numeral 9 is, with the exception of the anodes, mounted on the dish-shaped member 6. The electrode assembly 9 includes a heater l6 centrally located and of relatively flat construction, and a cathode H which is also relatively fiat and is coated on opposite faces I2 and I3 thereof with suitable electron emissive material. Two control grids M and R5 are mounted adjacent faces I2 and I3 respectively of the cathode I l, which grids are in turn surrounded by a single screen grid I6. Insulating spacers, such as mica spacers l! and I8 are arranged toward opposite ends of the assembly and each have a central opening l9 therein within which the heater l0, cathode ll, grids l4 and I5 and screen grid 15 are disposed. The spacers are held in fixed spatial relationship with each other by two substantially semi-circular metallic members 20 each extending from spacer H to spacer l8, and having tabs for mounting the electrode assembly on the mounting member 6. The spacers ll and l8. which are in the form of disks, are provided with slots 21 at positions on posits faces I2 and 13 of the cathode I! and disposed on the outer side of screen grid 16 for the accommodation of the anodes 22. The anodes 22 are attached to leads 23 sealed through the header 3 and are inserted into the slots 2| and held in position therein by said leads 23. A simple method of assembly is thus provided whereby the header 3 with the two anodes attached to the leads 23, are inserted into the slots 2| until they are in position and then the header 3, which may be made of one or more glass portions is sealed to the knife edge 5 either in one operation, or in several in which the portion 24 of the header 3 may be made in the form of a separate ring which is first sealed to the knife edge and is thereafter sealed to the remainder of the header 3. The mounting member 6 and the cylindrical member 2 further serve to shield the anodes.

The remaining connections for the electron discharge device are brought out through the header 4 at the opposite end of the envelope 1. These include two leads designated by the numeral 25 which are connected to contact pins 26 in header 4. Since the electron discharge device described in connection with Fig. 1 is adapted to operate at relatively high frequencies at which transmission line circuits are employed instead of lumped constant circuits, and since it may be desired to connect transmission lines to the leads 23 connected to the anodes and to the contact pins 26 connected to the grids, it is also desired that the transition in the line including pins 26 to the grids shall be gradual so as not to produce reflections in the line. For this purpose the connectors or leads 25 (Fig. 3) consist of flat strips which are tapered down and secured as for example, by welding to the pins 26.

The leads to the other elements such as for example, the heater and, the cathode may be made through header 4. The screen grid 16 is connected to flange l in the center of the dishshaped member 6, the latter in turn being connected to the cylindrical metallic member '2. The cylindrical conductive member 2 may be maintained at ground potential so that the screen grid, which is electrically connected thereto, likewise operates as an electrostatic shield between the anode and the other electrodes, thereby minimizing the capacity therebetween. This is desirable in arrangements in which minimum capacity is desired between input and output circuits. Iso" lation of the input and the output circuit, except through the electronic stream, is further aided by bringing out the leads for the anodes at one end of the envelope and the leads for the grids at the other end of the envelope, as hereinabove described. The cylindrical conductive member 2 may be provided with an opening 21 to which is sealed a tube 28 for evacuating the electron discharge device.

Fig. 4 shows schematically one way in which the device is particularly adapted to be employed in a double tube circuit such as a push-pull circuit arrangement using lecher lines. The leads from the two control grids l4 and E form a transmission line which is tuned b a shorting bar 29. A pick-up loop 39 is used to connect the grids to the output of a suitable source of control voltages. The two anodes are likewise connected to a dual transmission line 3i which is tuned by a shorting bar 32. The screen grid is connected to ground and serves as an electrostatic shield between the anode and the rest of the electrodes, thus minimizing capacity between the input and output circuits. B voltage is applied to the cathode and B+ is applied to the anodes as for example, by applying said B+ voltage to the shorting bar 32. Some intermediate voltage is applied to ground and to the screen grids so that the anodes are above ground potential and the cathode is below ground potential.

Referring now to Fig. 5, the modification there illustrated is characterized by the fact that in place of a curved cylindrical member 2, a straight cylinder 33 is employed which is sealed at its opposite ends to the headers 34 and 4 respectively. Header 3 3 differs from header 3 in that header 34 is provided with an opening 35 to which is sealed a glass tube 36 for evacuating the electron discharge device, this replacing the tube 28 of Fig. 1.

While I have described above the principles of my invention in connection with specific apparatus, (and particular modifications thereof) it is to be clearly understood that this description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation on the scope of my invention.

I claim:

1. An ultra high frequency electron discharge device comprising an envelope, an apertured metal disc mounted in one end of said envelope, a shielding grid formed integrally with said disc about the aperture therein, a cathode mounted through said aperture inside said shielding grid, a pair of grids mounted through said aperture and adjacent opposite sides of said cathode, a pair of anodes mounted within said envelope about said shielding grid and facing said opposite sides of said cathode, lecher-line leads to said grids extending out through said one end of said envelope, and lecher-line leads to said anodes extending out through the opposite end of said envelope.

" 2. An ultra high-frequency electron discharge device comprising an envelope, an apertured metal disc mounted in one end of said envelope, an insulating spacer disc supported by said metal disc and provided with two slots, a shielding grid mounted on said spacer disc and electrically connected to said metal disc about the aperture therein, a cathode mounted through the aperture in said metal disc and inside said shielding grid, a pair of grids mounted inside said shielding grid and adjacent opposite sides of said cathode, a pair of anodes mounted Within said envelope and arranged in the slots of said spacer-disc about said shielding grid and facing said opposite sides of said cathode, lecher-line leads connected to said grids extending through said aperture in said metal disc and sealed through said one end of said envelope, and lecher-line leads connected to said anodes extending out through the opposite end of said envelope.

3. An ultra high frequency electron discharge device according to claim 2 in which the part of the envelope about said anodes is metal and said metal disc is mounted on one end of said metal envelope part whereby said anodes are substantially shielded from said grids and cathode.

4. An electron discharge device comprising an envelope having a central metal part and two end parts of glass, an apertured metal disc mounted on said metal envelope part adjacent one of said glass end parts, a shielding grid formed integrally with said disc about the aperture therein, a cathode mounted through said aperture inside said shielding grid, a pair of grids mounted through said aperture and adjacent opposite sides of said cathode, a pair of anodes mounted within said envelope about said shielding grid and facing said opposite sides of said cathode, leads to said grids extending out through said one end of said glass end parts, and leads to said anodes extending out through the other glass end part.

5. An ultra high frequency electron discharge device according to claim 1, in which the part of the envelope about said anodes is metal and said metal disc is mounted on one end of said metal envelope part, whereby said anodes are substantially shielded from said grids and cathode.

JOHN J. GLAUBER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,921,061 Wise Aug. 8, 1933 2,355,083 Krim Aug. 8, 1944 2,374,684 Kiser May 1, 1945 2,376,040 Eitel et a1 May 15, 1945 2,391,690 Eitel et al Dec. 25, 1945 2,395,835 Bareiss Mar. 5, 1946 2,403,444 Hartman July 9, 1946

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