US2477323A - Photographic developers - Google Patents
Photographic developers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2477323A US2477323A US602932A US60293245A US2477323A US 2477323 A US2477323 A US 2477323A US 602932 A US602932 A US 602932A US 60293245 A US60293245 A US 60293245A US 2477323 A US2477323 A US 2477323A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- urea
- silver halide
- trioxane
- developing agent
- dimethylol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 15
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical compound C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VGGLHLAESQEWCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(hydroxymethyl)urea Chemical compound NC(=O)NCO VGGLHLAESQEWCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymethurea Chemical compound OCNC(=O)NCO QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229950005308 oxymethurea Drugs 0.000 description 9
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000837 restrainer Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulphite Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium metabisulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004297 potassium metabisulphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010263 potassium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
Definitions
- Customary highcontrast, sharp-cutoff developers such as are used for developing process film, motion picture positives, etc., have the disadvantage of deteriorating rapidly.
- high-contrast developers containing sodium hydroxide cannot be used after a few days, and paraformaldehyde-sodium sulphite developers deteriorate in a further short time.
- a high-contrast developer may be had which is remarkably durable under ordinary conditions of storage and usage.
- the invention comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particu larly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
- a developer is made up with a silver halide developing agent, and a methylol-urea and trioxane; and sulphites, metabisulphites, potassium bromide, etc. may be also included.
- Dimethylol-urea Dimethylol-urea,
- O:C(NH.CHH) O:C(NH.CHH) (NI-I2) may be used.
- the former for instance in an amount of 12 to per cent of total solids in the developer, and the latter in greater amount, for instance, 20 to 50 per cent of total solids in the developer.
- the trioxane is employed in an amount of 10 to 50 per cent of total solids in the developer.
- the silver halide developing agent may be, for instance, hydro- Water to make-up to one litre.
- the water is preferably warm, for instance about 50 (3., and the ingredients are preferably mixed in the order given above.
- monomethylol-urea may be used, but in amount about twice that indicated for dimethylol urea.
- various silver halide developing agents may be used, also other sulphites, and restrainers or retarders, for example the well-known alkali bromide, iodide or chloride restrainers.
- a photographic developer containing dimethylol-urea, trioxane, sodium sulphite, potassium metabisulphite, boric acid, hydroquinone, and potassium bromide 1.
- a photographic developer containing dimethylol-urea, trioxane, a silver halide developing agent, a sulphite and a restrainer.
- a photographic developer containing monomethylol-urea, trioxane, a silver halide developing agent, a sulphite and a restrainer.
- a photographic developer containing dimethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent containing dimethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent.
- a photographic developer containing monomethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent containing monomethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent.
- a photographic developer containing a methylol-urea from the group consisting of dimethylol-urea and monomethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent containing a methylol-urea from the group consisting of dimethylol-urea and monomethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent.
Description
Patented July 26, 1949 2,477,323 PHOTOGRAPHIC DEVELOPERS William H. Wood, University Heights, Ohio, as-
signor to Harris-Seybold-Potter Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio No Drawing. Application July 2, 1945, Serial No. 602,932
Claims. 1
Customary highcontrast, sharp-cutoff developers such as are used for developing process film, motion picture positives, etc., have the disadvantage of deteriorating rapidly. Thus, high-contrast developers containing sodium hydroxide cannot be used after a few days, and paraformaldehyde-sodium sulphite developers deteriorate in a further short time. In accordance with the present invention, however, a high-contrast developer may be had which is remarkably durable under ordinary conditions of storage and usage. Other objects and advantages will appear from the following description.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particu larly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
In accordance with the invention, a developer is made up with a silver halide developing agent, and a methylol-urea and trioxane; and sulphites, metabisulphites, potassium bromide, etc. may be also included. Dimethylol-urea,
or monomethylol-urea, O:C(NH.CHH) (NI-I2) may be used. The former for instance in an amount of 12 to per cent of total solids in the developer, and the latter in greater amount, for instance, 20 to 50 per cent of total solids in the developer. And the trioxane is employed in an amount of 10 to 50 per cent of total solids in the developer. The silver halide developing agent may be, for instance, hydro- Water to make-up to one litre.
The water is preferably warm, for instance about 50 (3., and the ingredients are preferably mixed in the order given above. In similar manner, monomethylol-urea may be used, but in amount about twice that indicated for dimethylol urea. And, various silver halide developing agents may be used, also other sulphites, and restrainers or retarders, for example the well-known alkali bromide, iodide or chloride restrainers.
Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims or the equivalent of such be employed.
I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:
1. A photographic developer containing dimethylol-urea, trioxane, sodium sulphite, potassium metabisulphite, boric acid, hydroquinone, and potassium bromide.
2. A photographic developer containing dimethylol-urea, trioxane, a silver halide developing agent, a sulphite and a restrainer.
3. A photographic developer containing monomethylol-urea, trioxane, a silver halide developing agent, a sulphite and a restrainer.
4. A photographic developer containing a methylol-urea from the group consisting of dimethylol-urea and monomethylol-urea, trioxane, a silver halide developing agent, and a sulphite.
5. A photographic developer containing dimethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent.
6. A photographic developer containing monomethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent.
7. A photographic developer containing a methylol-urea from the group consisting of dimethylol-urea and monomethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent.
8. In preparing photographic images, developing a latent silver halide image by an aqueous solution containing dimethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent.
9. In preparing photographic images, developing a latent silver halide image by an aqueous solution containing monomethylol urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent.
10. In preparing photographic images, developing a latent silver halide image by an aqueous solution containing a methylol-urea from the group consisting of dimethylol-urea and monomethylol-urea, trioxane, and a silver halide developing agent.
WILLIAM H. WOOD.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name 1 Date 1,857,515 Muehler May 10, 1932 1,933,789 Crabtree Nov. 7, 1933 2,136,968 Doran Nov. 15, 1938 2,162,765 Tarnofi' June 20, 1939 2,363,493 Baldsiefen Nov. 28, 1944 2,384,592 Bean Sept. 11, 1945
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US602932A US2477323A (en) | 1945-07-02 | 1945-07-02 | Photographic developers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US602932A US2477323A (en) | 1945-07-02 | 1945-07-02 | Photographic developers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2477323A true US2477323A (en) | 1949-07-26 |
Family
ID=24413347
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US602932A Expired - Lifetime US2477323A (en) | 1945-07-02 | 1945-07-02 | Photographic developers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2477323A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2599518A (en) * | 1951-04-25 | 1952-06-03 | Edwal Lab Inc | High contrast photographic developers |
| US2639219A (en) * | 1952-03-28 | 1953-05-19 | Eastman Kodak Co | Noncaking potassium bromide for photographic developers |
| US3419393A (en) * | 1965-02-24 | 1968-12-31 | Ilford Ltd | Cyclic thioether silver halide development accelerators |
| US3785256A (en) * | 1971-09-29 | 1974-01-15 | Westvaco Corp | Panel counting, collecting and gating apparatus |
| US3887376A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1975-06-03 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic elements, compositions and processes |
| US3893863A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1975-07-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic elements, compositions and processes |
| US4017314A (en) * | 1976-01-07 | 1977-04-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Use of crown compounds (cyclic polyethers) in litho developers to improve halftone dot quality and gradation |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1857515A (en) * | 1930-02-12 | 1932-05-10 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic developer for use at high temperatures |
| US1933789A (en) * | 1930-03-14 | 1933-11-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic developer for use at high temperatures |
| US2136968A (en) * | 1936-10-26 | 1938-11-15 | Carus Chemical Company Inc | Photographic developer |
| US2162765A (en) * | 1937-10-28 | 1939-06-20 | Tarnoff Louis | Nonoxidizing and nondeteriorating developer for off-set or contrast film and plate negatives |
| US2363493A (en) * | 1941-06-13 | 1944-11-28 | Du Pont | Photographic processes and compositions |
| US2384592A (en) * | 1943-04-22 | 1945-09-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Single-powder photographic developers |
-
1945
- 1945-07-02 US US602932A patent/US2477323A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1857515A (en) * | 1930-02-12 | 1932-05-10 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic developer for use at high temperatures |
| US1933789A (en) * | 1930-03-14 | 1933-11-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic developer for use at high temperatures |
| US2136968A (en) * | 1936-10-26 | 1938-11-15 | Carus Chemical Company Inc | Photographic developer |
| US2162765A (en) * | 1937-10-28 | 1939-06-20 | Tarnoff Louis | Nonoxidizing and nondeteriorating developer for off-set or contrast film and plate negatives |
| US2363493A (en) * | 1941-06-13 | 1944-11-28 | Du Pont | Photographic processes and compositions |
| US2384592A (en) * | 1943-04-22 | 1945-09-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Single-powder photographic developers |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2599518A (en) * | 1951-04-25 | 1952-06-03 | Edwal Lab Inc | High contrast photographic developers |
| US2639219A (en) * | 1952-03-28 | 1953-05-19 | Eastman Kodak Co | Noncaking potassium bromide for photographic developers |
| US3419393A (en) * | 1965-02-24 | 1968-12-31 | Ilford Ltd | Cyclic thioether silver halide development accelerators |
| US3785256A (en) * | 1971-09-29 | 1974-01-15 | Westvaco Corp | Panel counting, collecting and gating apparatus |
| US3887376A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1975-06-03 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic elements, compositions and processes |
| US3893863A (en) * | 1972-05-10 | 1975-07-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic elements, compositions and processes |
| US4017314A (en) * | 1976-01-07 | 1977-04-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Use of crown compounds (cyclic polyethers) in litho developers to improve halftone dot quality and gradation |
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