US2374488A - Surgical cot - Google Patents

Description

April 1945- J. 5. M. KNOX 2,374,488

SURGICAL COT Filed July 7, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet l 4/ JALMZW IN VEN TOR.

L II

ATTORNEY-.5.

J. 5. M. KNOX 2,374,488

SURGICAL COT Filed July 7, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 m D Lg INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY-s.

April 24, 1945.

April 24, 1945.

.1. s. M. KNOX SURGICAL GOT 4 Sheets-$heet 3 Filed July 7, 1943 IN V EN TOR.

April 24, 1945. J. 5. M. KNOX SURGICAL COT Filed July '7 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 24, 1945 2,374,488 SURGICAL oo'r Y JuliaS; M. Knox, Richmond, vantages; a: the} half to *L; Ray Temple; Richmond, Va; Application-July 7, 1943-, Serial No. 493,771

This-invention :relates tocots designed primarily for use in field hospitals, surgical wards, etc. An object of the invention is to provide a cot of new and novel construction 'to be used asan attachment for a bed, the cot being so constructed that, when not in use, it can be stored beneath the bed but, when in active position, can the utilized as a temporary support for a patient while the bed is being changed or as a surgical table on which emergency operations can be performed conveniently.

A still further object is to provide a cot which; while still connected to the bed, can bemoved to different positions relative to the bed so as to bring the patient thereon into position'where F quick action is desirable.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the-description proceeds, the invention consists of certain novel details of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter more fully described and pointed out "in the claims, .it being understood that changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of parts withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention as claimed. t

In l theaccompanying drawings the preferred form ofthe invention has been shown.

In said drawings Figure 1 isa side elevation showing the cot assembled with and located close to one side of igure 7 is an enlarged section on li.ne'l-+-1, Fig-11" a i J: Figure 8 is a sectionron line 8---8, Fig. 1.

Figure 9 is an enlarged section on line ii -=9, Fig.2.'im: Referring to the "figures by characters of reference; lfl designates therig'id :frame 'of the cot which "cantbe made of an-ysuitabl'e material and supportsra top H which can be in the nature of: a nat board to one end of which is lhing'edly connected another boa'rd I2 constitutingthe head 'section of the cot. This head section when in its lowermost position, extends to one end of the frame l0. The opposite ends-of the board M is recessed as at 13 so as to "provide at its "sides, forwardly extending arms Nu To each of these anms is bolted an ear 11 extending bac'kwardly from the up per'end of a tubular hanger 48, this hangerbeing supported beyond :the forward end of wing M and constituting a bearing for a stem t9. "The upper :end of "thisstern, 'Which-is located abovehanger 1'8 and in ifrontof the ad jacentcarm I; has an eye T extending into: the forkedend 2| of la leg-rest 2-2. This rest isiprefa erably in the nature eta rigid-flat strip of materialof sufficient width toproperly support one of the legs of -the .patient. xTl'ie deg-rest "is con nected to the eyedllbya pivot .pin 23 seated in the: leg-rest and' extending. through the, eye.

a bed, positions'to which some of the parts can a be adjusted being indicated by broken lines.-

Figure 2 is a bottomplan view of the structure and of a portion of the bed to which it is joined, the legs of the bed being in section and some of the parts of the cot being shown by broken lines in positions to which they may be adjusted.

Figure 3 is asection on line3--3, Fig. 1. Figure 4 is an enlarged section on line 4-4, Fig. 2. p ,Figure 5 is an enlarged section on line 5-4, Fig. 1. l

Figure 6 is an enlarged section on line '6--6,

- 5 dons they are parallel and in the same plane Thus it will 'be noted-that the leg rest is free to swing upwardly from a horizontal position relativetothe stemlla and to the cot top H while, at'the same time, it is free to swing laterally rel-- ative to the'to'p ll asindicated, :for example, by broken lines in Fig. 2. i

i Fixedly secured tothe lower end of the stem I9 50 as to turn therewith, is a bracket 24 having a slottedyheadi 25 in which is slidably mount-- ed "a longitudinally slotted segment 26 fixedly se curedat one end-to one of the leg-rests, as indi cated at N. A clamping bo1t 28 is extended through the slotted segment 26 and the head 25 r and is engaged by a nut 29 "which, when tight- .screwsn carried by the hanger l8.

when the l'eg rests are in their normal posi with the top of the cot. When they are swungupwardly and adjusted apart, ample room is pro- I vided therebetween to receive the doctor or surgeon working on the patient, the area being increased by forming the recess l3 in the forward end of the top I l.

The head section of the cot has longitudianlly slotted segments 3| fixedly secured to the sides thereof. and extending, downwardly therefrom, these segments being concentric with the axes of the hinges 32 connecting the head section to the top H and both segments 3| slide uponclamping bolts 33 extending laterally from frame It! and carrying clamping nuts 34. Thus the head section l2 can be adjusted angularly upwardly or downwardly and securely held in any position to which it may be moved.

Connecting the sides of the frame 10 adjacent to the two ends of the top H are cross-strips 35, oneof the cross-stripsbeing located preferably beneath the head section I2 although not connected thereto. To each of these cross-strips 35 is bolted the tubular upper section 36 of a leg, this'upper section preferably being formed with oppositely extending ears 31 through which attaching bolts 38 are extended into the strips 35. The lower section 39 of the leg telescopes into the upper section 36 and is provided at its lower endwith a caster 40 adapted to roll'in any direction freely on a supporting surface. The two sections of the leg are held against relative rotation in any suitable manner, as by means of a rack 4| on the leg section 39 and slidable in a longitudinal groove 42 in the upper leg section 36. Each of the upper leg sections has a pawl 43 pivotally mounted therein and provided with teeth 44 adapted to engage the teeth of the adjacent bracket 4| so that when the parts are in engagement it becomes impossible for the upper member 36 to slide downwardly on the lower member 39. Such action can take place only by liftingthe member 36 slightly relative to the 'member39, swinging the'toothed pawl 43 upwardly by depressing its handle or lever 45 so as to'disengage the teeth of the cam from the rack. This is shown in Fig. 8 wherein the cam is shown by full lines in locking position and by broken lines in releasing position.

Attention is called to the fact that the two legs constituting supports for the cot are located along the longitudinal center line of the cot so that a load placed on the cot will be transmitted to these legswhich thus will serve to properly support the load as long as its balance is maintained.

For the purpose of connecting the cot to a bed and'at the same time preventing the cot from overturning on its two supporting legs, there is provided a telescopic connection shown particularly in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. This connection includes a heavy boss 46 secured to the center of a cross-strip 41 fixedly attached to the frame l adjacent to the center of the cot and at a point between the legs. This boss has a pivot stud 41' carrying a nut 48 which serves to bind tightly against the broad base of the boss the fiat apertured end 49 of a stiff rod 50. This rod constitutes the inner section of a telescopic tie element made up of any desired number of sections which fit snuglyone within the other so as to be held against relative tilting movement although capable of sliding relative to each other to a limited extent. An ordinary constructionof such an element has been illustrated in Fig. 4 wherein the telescopic members of the element on rod 50.

have been indicated at 52 and 53. The outer member 53 has an eye 54 extending therefrom and fixed relative thereto, this eye being mounted to swing in any direction within a fork 55 depending from a carriage 56. The carriage is slidably mounted on a cross-rail 51 the length of which is substantially equal to the width of the bed B to which the cot is to connected. One

end of this rail is adapted to fitted-detachably beneath one of the siderails. R 'of the bed and to be detachably clamped thereagainst by a cam 58 located where it will overlie the rail R and, when turned in one direction, will bind thereon and effect a tight connection between rail 51 and rail R. The other end of rail 51 is extended under the other side rail R of the bed and has an adjustable clamp 59 provided with a nut 60 whereby when the clamp 59 is tightened, the rail R engaged thereby will be gripped securely. Thus with the two clamping means tightened relative to theside rails of the bed, the guide or crossrail 51 will be held against-displacement relative to the frame of the bed B. At an intermediate point rail-51' has a-depre'ssed portion 6l-the lower part of which merges into one end portion of the rail 51 along an inclined portion 62. I I With the guide rail 51 secured imposition trans versely of the bed B and with the lower section 39 of the cot legs released to permit movement of the section 36 downwardly therealongit-will be apparent that by elongating the telescopic connection and then thrusting the cot toward the bed B, the carriage 56 will travel along rail-51 and downwardly onto the, depressed portion 6|. This movement is effected because whilethere is a slidable connection between the parts 50 to 53 inclusive, there is sufiicient friction set up between these parts to insure movement of the carriage'56 back onto the "depressed portion6l. After carriage 56 reaches this position, the cot, which is at a low level because of the shortened legs 36-39, can roll under the bed whereit will be out of the way as shown by broken lines at XinFig.3.

Obviously with the parts thus collapsedthe cot the carriage 56 to the full line position shown in said figure. Thereafter the cot is pulled upwardly to elongate the legs and the toothed pawls 43 act to automatically lock the legs in their elongated positions. When the top ll of the cot' has been brought to a level with the frame of the bed, said cot is pushed toward the bed'so as'to beheld closely toit. It is to be understood, of course,

that when the cot is to be used only for the pur--: pose of supporting a, patient while the bed is be-..

ing changed, it will carry a pad or'mattressf M. With this'pad or mattress in position the'cot can also be used as a supplemental bed for use *by a nurse or other attendant either while the cot is close to the side ofthe bed or while it is eta: point removed therefrom.' It will be noted that when the cot is pulled away from the bed as shown at Y in Fig. 3, the load thereon will be supported by the legs 36-39 and there will be no danger of the cot tilting laterally because of therigid slidable connection between the 'cot and the bed.

Should it be desired to use the cot for surgithi, purposes, the mat or pad is removed therefrom" and the patient is placed thereon while the cot is positioned as indicated by full lines in Fig. 3.

Thereafter the cot can, if desired, be pulled away from the bed and can be wheeled to any desired angle relative thereto so as to bring the patient to a point where the proper light can be had. ,Where a leg operation is to be performed, one

or both of the legs can be strapped to the rest or rests 22 provided therefor and brought to the positions where the operation can best be performed. These rests can also be utilized for supporting the legs in upwardly extended and spread-apart positions.

After the use of the cot or table at a point remote from the bed has been completed and it is desired to restore the patient to the bed, the cot is wheeled back toward the bed while the outer member 53 is held against movement, by an attendant and until the members 50, and 52 are completely telescoped into the member 53. Thereafter further movement of the cot toward the bed will cause the member 53 to slide back under the :bed along the rail 51 but this distance of travel will not be sufficient to bring the carriage 56 onto the inclined portion 62 of the rail.

Therefore the cot will be properly supported in perfect balance against the side of the bed and thereafter the patient can readily be transferred onto the bed as will be apparent.

The top can be equipped with any suitable appliances. For example guard rails 63 having downturned ends 64 are slidable within openings in the sides of frame lll. These ends 64 can have notches 65 for receiving bolts 66 whereby, after the rails have been pulled upwardly to desired positions, the bolts can be forced into the notches, thereby supporting the rails. Thus a patient on the cot will be prevented from rolling laterally therefrom. When the rails are not in use they are pushed downwardly onto the cot so as to be out of the way. i

and telescopic supporting legs connected to the top on a line extending longitudinally of the center thereof, of rigid collapsible means connected to and extending laterally from the cot,

and means for joining aid collapsible means to a bed. i

2. The combination with a cot including a top and telescopic supporting legs connected to the top on a line extending longitudinally of the center thereof, of rigid collapsible means connected to and extending laterally from the cot, a rail, means for detachably connecting the rail across and to the sides of a bed, and a slidable and pivotal connection between said rail and the collapsible element.

3. In a device of the clas described a top, telescopic legs supporting the same, leg-rests mounted for angular adjustment both vertically and laterally relative to the top, a head-rest mounted for up and down angular adjustment relative to the top, a telescopic element extended laterally from and pivotally connected to the top at one end,,and means for pivotally and slidably connecting the other end of said element to the frame of a bed.

4. In a device of the clas described a top, telescopic legs supporting the same, leg-rests mounted for angular adjustment both vertically and laterally relative to the top, a head-rest mounted for up and down angular adjustment relative to the top, a telescopic element extended laterally from and pivotally connected to the top at one end, and means for pivotally and slidably connecting the other end of said element to the frame of a bed, said mean including a rail, means for clamping the rail to the sides of a bed, a carriage on the rail, and a universal connection besaid means including a rail, means for clamping the rail to the sides of a bed, a carriage on the rail, and a universal connection between the carriage and telescopic element, said rail having a depressed portion for receiving the carriage when shifted along the rail to one extreme position.

JULIA S. M. KNOX.

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